in the time of Christ. We do not take the division by tribes; as that is
more difficult to learn, and not often referred to in history. At the
time when Christ was among men, Palestine was divided into five
Provinces, though two of these were under one ruler.
I. Draw the boundary line of =Judæa=, and write its initial, J. This was
the southern province, and the largest. [Review the names of the places
contained in it.] Its people were the Jews, or men of the tribe of
Judah, and its principal city was Jerusalem.
II. North of Judæa was the province known as =Samaria=, having Shechem
as its principal city. Its people were the Samaritans, with whom the
Jews had no dealings. In Christ's day Judæa and Samaria were under one
government. It contained the twin mountains Ebal and Gerizim.
III. North of Samaria was =Galilee=, where Jesus lived during most of
his life. Its people were also Jews, but were called "Galileans" by the
Jews in Jerusalem; and in Christ's time it was under the rule of Herod,
who slew John the Baptist. Notice the mountains and towns situated in
it. Mountains: Lebanon and Gilboa; towns: Nazareth, Capernaum and Dan.
IV. On the east of the Jordan, and south of the Sea of Galilee, was the
province of =Peræa=, a word which means "beyond"; so named, because it
is "beyond Jordan." Here Jesus taught at one time during his ministry,
and blessed the little children. The places which we have noticed in it
are Machærus, Bethabara, Penuel and Mahanaim; and its mountain, Nebo.
This province, in Christ's day, was also ruled by King Herod.
V. The province north of Peræa and east of the Sea of Galilee is not
named in the New Testament. We will call it by its Old Testament name,
=Bashan=, a word meaning "woodland." It was ruled by a brother of Herod,
named Philip, whose title was "tetrarch"; hence it is sometimes called
"Philip's Tetrarchy." The mountain we have noticed in it is Hermon, and
the two places, Bethsaida, and Cæsarea Philippi, or "Philip's Cæsarea,"
to distinguish it from the other Cæsarea, by the sea-shore.
At the close of the lesson, review once more from the very beginning of
the series; then erase the map, and, pointing to the places on an
"invisible map," call for their names from the class. There can scarcely
be too much reviewing of these leading facts, in order to impress them
on the scholar's memory.
[Illustration: ARCHES IN THE TEMPLE AREA.]
THE MEASURES OF THE BIBLE.
THE student of the Bible meets with some difficulty in adapting the
names of weights, measures and coins, to the standards now in use, and
finds that the authorities are not agreed upon the precise signification
of the Bible terms used in relation to these subjects. These
difficulties and discrepancies arise from three facts: 1. The Oriental
mind has never been accustomed to the exactness of our systems of
measurement. Among eight cubit measures found on the Egyptian monuments,
no two were precisely alike. 2. The models or standards of weights and
measures referred to in Hebrew history were long ago lost, and it is not
easy to reproduce them. 3. The Jews adopted the measurements of peoples
among whom they were dispersed, yet often retained the names of such of
their own as were nearest to them in amount, so that at different
periods in Bible history the standard was different. The same word may
refer to different measurements at different times. We have adopted in
this section the measurements of F. R. and C. R. Conder in "The Hand
Book of the Bible," except where other authorities are specified.
[Illustration: SMALLER MEASURES OF LENGTH.]
I. =Smaller Measures of Length.= 1. The lowest dimension, as in our own
table of linear measure, was the Barleycorn. 2. Two barleycorns laid
endways made the Finger-breadth (Hebrew, Atzbah), two-thirds of an inch.
3. Four finger-breadths made the Palm (Heb., Tupah), 2-2/3 inches. 4.
Sometimes the Hand-breadth and Palm are the same; elsewhere, the
hand-breadth (Heb., Zereth) is double the palm, or 5-1/3 inches. 5.
Three palms made the Span (Heb., Sit), 8 inches, the width of the
outspread hand, from the end of the thumb to that of the little finger.
6. Four palms made the Foot (Heb., Regal), 10-2/3 inches. 7. Six palms
made the Cubit (Heb., Ameh), 16 inches (Conder), or the distance from
the elbow to the tip of the middle finger, when held in a straight line.
The cubit, however, varied (just as the pound with us varies in troy and
avoirdupois weight), as indicated in the expressions "the cubit of a
man" (Deut. 3:11), "a great cubit" (Ezek. 41:8), etc. In the length of
the cubit, authorities vary from 15 to 21 inches. We have adopted the
general opinion, and place it, conjecturally, at a foot and a half, or
18 inches.
II. =Larger Measures of Length.= The cubit (reckoned more precisely at
16 inches) is here regarded as the unit of measurement. 1. The Fathom
was 6 or 6-1/2 feet. 2. The Reed (Heb., Keneh; compare our word _cane_)
was 4 cubits, according to Conder, but 6 cubits according to other
authorities, thus varying between 5-1/3 feet and 8 feet. 3. The Furlong
(named only in the New Testament) was a Greek measurement (Stadium), of
606-3/4 feet, or 53-1/4 feet less than our furlong. 4. The Mile (Matt.
5:41) was 1,618 yards. The Hebrew mile is not referred to in the Bible,
but was of two kinds, "the small mile" (Heb., Mil), being about 1,000
cubits, or about a quarter of our mile; and "the long mile," twice as
far. 5. The Sabbath Day's Journey is stated by Conder at 2,000 cubits,
or half an English mile; but by most other writers at seven-eighths of
our mile. 6. The Day's Journey was variable, from 10 to 30 miles;
generally about 20 miles. So most authorities decide, but Conder gives
it at 4-3/4 miles.
III. =Dry Measures of Capacity.= 1. The Cab (2 Kings 6:25), 96 cubic
inches, or 675 thousandths of a quart. 2. The Omer (Exod. 16:36)
contained 172-8/10 cubic inches, or about 2-1/2 quarts. 3. The Seah (in
Greek, Modios) was the ordinary household measure of quantity,
translated, generally, "measure" in our Bibles, but in Matt. 5:15
"bushel." It contained six times as much as the cab, or a little over a
peck; according to Conder, 1.012 pecks; according to the Revised Version
(Matt. 13:33, marginal note), a peck and a half. 4. The Ephah (Exod.
16:36) contained 3 seahs, or 10 omers; about three-quarters of a bushel.
5. The Cor contained 10 ephahs, or 7-1/2 bushels. The cor is also called
"the homer" (Isa. 5:10), which is to be carefully distinguished from the
omer, which contained one-hundredth of its quantity. The two words are
not alike in the Hebrew. It will be noticed that the omer, the ephah and
the cor (or homer) formed a decimal scale of measurement.
[Illustration: DRY MEASURES.]
IV. =Liquid Measures of Capacity.= 1. The Auphauk (not named in the
Bible) was the smallest, containing 6 cubic inches, or 675 thousandths
of a gill. 2. The Log (Lev. 14:10), four times as large as the auphauk,
was "six egg-shells full," 24 cubic inches, or a little more than half a
pint (675 thousandths). 3. The Hin (Exod. 29:40) contained 12 logs, or a
little over a gallon. 4. The Seah (see above, under Dry Measures)
contained twice as much as the hin. 5. The Bath, containing 3 seahs or 6
hins, contained 1,728 cubic inches, or 6.036 gallons. Besides these, the
New Testament names two Greek measures, the Metretes (John 2:6,
"firkins"), equivalent to 10-1/3 gallons; and the Choenix (Rev. 6:6,
"measure"), about a pint and a half.
[Illustration: LIQUID MEASURES.]
V. =Measures of Weight.= (From the Oxford Teacher's Bible.) 1. The
Gerah, "a bean," weighed a little less than half of a dram avoirdupois
(.439 dram). 2. The Bekah, 10 gerahs, weighed about a quarter of an
ounce (4.39 drams). The word means "half," _i. e._, of a shekel. 3. The
Shekel, "weight," used as a silver coin, 2 bekahs, weighed 8.9 drams. 4.
The Maneh (Greek, Mina), 60 shekels (Conder says 50 shekels, which would
agree with paragraph VI., below), 2 lbs. 1 oz. 5. The Talent, "circle,"
meaning "an aggregate sum," 50 manehs, weighing 102 lbs. 14 ozs. The
weights are of lower degree than those in common use at present, because
in the early times money was weighed, and not counted, and exact
weighing was necessary with gold and silver.
VI. =Measures of Value.= Two systems of money are referred to in the
Bible: the Hebrew, or that in use in Old Testament times and lands; and
the Roman, which was used during the New Testament period. In the Hebrew
system the weights referred to in paragraph V. were used in silver as
measures of value. 1. The Gerah (Exod. 30:13) was the lowest, and was
worth 2-3/4 cents. 2. The Bekah, 10 gerahs (Exod. 38:26), was worth
27-37/100 cents, or about 2 cents more than our quarter of a dollar. 3.
The Shekel, 2 bekahs, was worth 54-3/4 cents, or about 5 cents more than
half a dollar. 4. The Maneh, or Mina, 50 shekels (Luke 19:13, "pound"),
$27.37-1/2. 5. The Talent of Silver, 60 manehs, $1,642.50. 6. The Talent
of Gold was nearly twenty times as valuable, being estimated at $26,280.
7. So the Shekel of Gold was worth, in the same proportion of weight
with the ordinary shekel of silver, $8.75. It is to be remembered that a
given amount of coin in those times would purchase ten times as much as
now.
[Illustration: This is a copper coin, a quarter-gerah, worth about half
a cent; was made about the time of Alexander the Great, B.C. 325.]
[Illustration: A silver coin, three-quarters of a shekel, called a
_righia_, used especially for paying the temple tax. It was worth about
40 cents.]
The Greek and Roman coins are chiefly referred to in the New Testament.
The smallest was the Lepton (Mark 12:42, "mite"), worth a fifth of a
cent. 2. The Quadrans (Mark 12:42, "farthing"), 2 mites, or less than
half a cent. 3. The Assarion (Matt, 10:29, "farthing"), four times the
quadrans, or 1-3/5 cents. Notice that two coins, one worth four times as
much as the other, are both translated "farthing" in our version. 4. The
Denarius (Matt, 22:19, "penny"), 10 times the assarion, or 16 cents. It
was the latter which in Christ's time bore the face of the Roman
emperor.
[Illustration: No. 1
The smallest copper coin in use among the Jews, the _lepton_, called in
Hebrew _chalcous_, "copper money." The widow's mite was of this coin.]
[Illustration: No. 2
The denarius, or penny, bearing the face of the emperor Tiberius.]
[Illustration: BETHANY.]
INDEX TO MAP OF PALESTINE.
(SURROUNDING COUNTRY INCLUDED.)
EXPLANATION.--The letter and number following each
name show its location on the map. The name will
be found at or near the intersection of a vertical
line drawn between the letters top and bottom and
a horizontal line between the figures on either
side.
Abama R-11
Abbin M-20
Abdon G-15
Abil J-13
Abilin G-17
Abud G-23
Acco Ptolemais F-16
Acrabi H-23
Acre F-16
Acre O-15
Adlan H-12
Adonis J-7
Adrha R-11
Afka L-7
Ahiry Q-16
Ai H-24
Ain Ata N-6
Ain Barada N-10
Ain Burdai O-8
Ain Feshkhah I-26
Ain Haudh E-18
Ain Jiddy I-28
Ain Yebrud H-24
Aithy M-10
Ajalon F-25
Ajlan D-27
Ajlun L-21
Ajiltun K-8
Akir D-25
Akka F-16
Akka, Plain of G-16
Akkaba I-21
Akobar P-10
Akrabeh H-23
Akurah L-7
Allan L-22
Alleikah K-15
Alma J-15
Amaad K-19
Amaleh K-18
Amateh K-21
Amathus K-21
Amkah G-16
Amman N-24
Ammik L-10
Ammonites M-25
Amshir J-6
Amwas E-25
Amyan L-5
Anab F-28
Anat J-11
Anathoth H-25
Anti-Lebanon R-6
Antipatris E-22
Anz T-20
Apollonia D-22
Ar (Rabbath Moab) L-29
Araba I-17
Arad G-29
Arair L-28
Arak el Emir M-24
Aramun J-9
Arar O-18
Ararah F-30
Arbela N-19
Arbin P-11
Ard Asjerah K-16
Ard el Huleh J-14
Areiya K-9
Areopolis L-29
Arnau K-6
Arnon L-28
Arnun I-13
Arny M-13
Aroer F-30
Aroer L-28
Arrabeh G-20
Arrabeh I-17
Arsuf D-22
Ary R-19
Ascalon B-26
Ashdod C-26
Asher I-21
Askulan B-26
Ashkut L-8
Astifa F-18
Ataibeh R-11
Atara G-21
Ataroth K-27
Athlit E-18
Atil R-17
Atny S-8
Attil F-21
Attir F-29
Atuf I-22
Aulam J-18
Auranitis P-18
Aurney M-13
Ayun ed Dura P-9
Ayun el Alak S-5
Azzun F-22
Baalbek O-7
Baal Meor L-26
Babda J-9
Bahret Bala T-14
Bahret el Ateibeh T-12
Bahret el Hijaneh S-13
Bahr Tubariyeh K-17
Bakah F-20
Bala Q-11
Balin D-26
Banias K-14
Bar Elias M-9
Bashan O-17
Batanæa T-16
Bathaniyeh S-17
Bathaniyeh T-16
Batneh K-23
Batruny N-10
Bechar F-21
Beeroth G-24
Beer Sheba D-29
Beer Sheba, Desert of D-30
Beirut I-8
Beit Auwa E-28
Beit Dejan D-24
Beit Dirdis B-27
Beit er Ras M-19
Beit Far E-25
Beit Idis K-20
Beit Imrim H-21
Beitin G-24
Beit Jala G-26
Beit Jenn M-13
Beit Jibrin E-27
Beit Kurm K-29
Beit Lahm G-18
Beit Lahm G-26
Beit Lid F-22
Beit Luna I-11
Beit Nebala E-24
Beit Ur Tahta G-25
Beka S-20
Belat I-10
Belateh N-25
Belfort J-13
Bereikut G-26
Bereitan O-8
Berkha O-6
Berya I-10
Berytus I-8
Beshara I-14
Besum J-18
Bethany H-25
Bethar F-21
Beth Dagon D-24
Bethel G-24
Beth Gamul P-21
Beth Hogla J-25
Bethhoron G-24
Beth Jesimoth K-25
Bethlehem G-26
Beth Nimrah K-24
Bethshean J-20
Beth Shemesh F-26
Beth Tappuah F-27
Bethzur F-27
Bilhas L-7
Bireh G-24
Bir es Seba D-29
Birweh G-16
Bir Zeit G-24
Bisri J-11
Biut Jebeil I-15
Blabura L-6
Bludan N-10
Botal Meon L-26
Botrys J-6
Bozrah R-19
Brummana J-8
Bsherreh M-6
Budeih N-7
Bukfeiya K-8
Bukha R-8
Burak Q-14
Burd S-19
Burka C-25
Burmeh M-22
Busrah R-19
Byblus J-7
Bziza L-5
Cabul H-17
Cæsarea D-20
Cæsarea Philippi K-14
Callirhoe J-27
Cana H-18
Capercotia H-20
Carmel G-28
Castellum Peregrinorum D-18
Chesalloth I-18
Chorazin K-16
Conna Q-5
Convent E-17
Coreæ H-23
Daberath I-18
Dahr el Ahmar L-11
Damascus P-11
Damascus R-9
Damet el Alyah Q-16
Dan K-13
Dareiya O-12
Dead Sea J-28
Decapolis Q-16
Deir Aly P-14
Deir el Ahmar N-7
Deir el Kamr J-10
Denna J-19
Derat O-18
Dhekir R-15
Dhiban L-27
Dibbin M-21
Dibon L-28
Dilly O-16
Dimas N-11
Dinneh B-27
Dimesk P-12
Dimonah F-31
Doroa P-17
Draa J-30
Dulbeh R-12
Duma L-6
Duma P-11
Dumah F-28
Dummar O-11
Dura F-27
Duris N-8
Eaumia I-28
Ecdippi Achzib F-15
Ed Dur P-17
Edhra O-17
Eglon D-27
Ehden M-5
Eib P-5
Eidum M-20
Ejlil D-22
Ekron D-25
El al L-25
El Batrum J-5
El Belka K-26
El Bellan N-12
El Bukaa M-10
El Bukeia I-16
El Burj E-28
El Burj I-13
El Daumeh F-28
El Dekwa T-12
Elealeh L-25
Eleutheropolis E-27
El Fejjeh E-23
El Fuhais L-24
El Fuleh H-19
El Fureidis J-10
El Futian N-27
El Ghor J-23
El Ghor J-31
El Ghuzlaniyeh Q-12
El Hadeth J-9
El Hadeth N-8
El Hather L-13
El Herath K-22
El Hish L-15
El Husm M-19
El Jisr K-7
El Kana N-8
El Kerak M-8
El Khulil G-27
El Kireh G-19
El Kuds G-25
El Kusein F-30
Ellar G-21
El Latron E-25
El Lisan J-29
El Mejdel C-26
El Merj L-9
El Mezzeh O-11
El Mokhrah O-7
El Mukhtarah J-10
Er-Riha L-28
El Tell K-16
Elusa D-31
Endor I-18
En-gannim I-20
En-gedi I-28
Ephraim, Mountains of F-23
Eriha J-25
Er Ram H-25
Er Remtheh N-19
Esdraelon, Plain of H-19
Esdud C-26
Eshmiskin O-17
Es Salt L-23
Es Samieh I-24
Es Sawafir C-26
Es Semuy J-16
[Illustration: MAP OF PALESTINE AND SURROUNDING COUNTRY.]
Es Sendiyaneh F-19
Es Sgheir P-20
Es Sheikh F-18
Es Zib F-15
Et-Tih, Desert of B-30
Et Tireh E-18
Et Tireh E-24
Et Tireh J-19
Eyat O-7
Ez Zumleh O-19
Farah K-21
Fawara K-19
Ferata G-22
Fedar K-6
Ferkha G-23
Fijeh N-11
Fik Apheca L-17
Fikeh Q-6
Frank H-26
Furzul L-8
Fusail J-23
Gaba H-21
Gabara H-16
Gabata H-19
Gadara L-19
Gadda O-23
Galilee H-17
Gamala L-18
Gath D-26
Gaulanitis L-17
Gaza B-28
Gebal J-7
Gedor F-26
Gennesaret J-17
Gerada S-9
Gerar B-29
Gerasa M-22
Gergasa K-17
Gharz O-19
Ghasuleh R-12
Ghautha R-18
Ghazir K-7
Ghederah D-25
Ghusam Q-19
Ghuzzeh A-28
Gibeah G-25
Gibeah G-26
Gibeon G-25
Gilboa I-20
Gilead L-20
Gilead, Mountains of L-24
Gilgal F-23
Gilgal G-23
Gilgal I-25
Gimzo E-24
Ginæa I-20
Giscala J-15
Gophna G-24
Hadar R-15
Hafir Q-10
Haifa F-17
Halbun O-10
Halhul G-27
Halwy M-11
Hamul G-15
Harran Q-16
Harran R-11
Hanin I-15
Haris I-14
Hasbeiya K-12
Hauran Q-17
Hawara H-23
Hazor D-25
Hazor H-24
Hebras M-19
Hebron G-27
Helaweh K-20
Heldua I-9
Heliopolis O-8
Hepha F-17
Herodion G-26
Hesban el Kusur L-26
Hesbon L-26
Hieromax L-18
Hijaneh R-12
Hippos K-18
Hit S-16
Homeis M-5
Hormah C-31
Huj C-27
Hukkok I-17
Huleh Lake K-15
Hunin J-14
Idhna F-27
Ijon J-12
Iksim E-19
Irbid J-17
Irbid N-19
Iron I-15
Ituræa N-15
Jaarah F-19
Jabesh K-21
Jabneh C-25
Jabbok L-22
Jacob's Well H-22
Jaezer M-24
Jaffa D-23
Jaj L-6
Jambruda R-8
Jamnia C-25
Janohah I-23
Japhia H-18
Japho C-23
Jarmuth F-26
Jasem N-16
Jattir F-29
Jaulan L-16
Jeba H-21
Jebaa J-11
Jebatha H-18
Jebeil J-6
Jebel Ajlun M-20
Jebel Ameto N-6
Jebel Bludih O-9
Jebel Duhy I-19
Jebel el Mania O-13
Jebel esh Sheikh M-12
Jebel esh Sherky P-9
Jebel Fureidis H-26
Jebel Hauran T-17
Jebel Jelad L-23
Jebel Jermuk I-15
Jebel Libna L-9
Jebel Shihan K-28
Jebel Sunnin M-8
Jedal Q-16
Jedur F-26
Jedur N-15
Jefat H-17
Jehab P-15
Jelbon I-20
Jenin H-20
Jerash M-22
Jericho I-25
Jerjua I-12
Jerud S-9
Jerusalem G-25
Jezreel I-19
Jezzin J-11
Jib Jenin L-11
Jibin L-17
Jifna G-24
Jiljilia G-23
Jiljuliah F-22
Jimzu E-24
Jish J-15
Jisr Benat Yakub K-15
Jisr Damieh J-23
Jiyeh C-27
Jobar P-11
Jokneam F-18
Joppa D-23
Jordan J-21
Jotapata H-17
Jubb Adin Q-9
Judah, Desert of H-28
Judah, Mountains of F-27
Judea G-27
Julias K-16
Julis C-26
Juneh K-8
Kab Elias L-9
Kabul H-17
Kadisha L-5
Kahn Jubb Yusef J-16
Kaisariyeh D-19
Kakon E-21
Kallaat J-13
Kamid el Loz L-10
Kana H-14
Kanah D-20
Kara Comochara S-6
Karobin M-6
Katarna O-12
Kattin J-11
Kaukab O-12
Kedes J-14
Kedron H-26
Keffin K-7
Kefr Abil K-20
Kefr Birim I-15
Kefr Hajla J-25
Kefr Hata L-5
Kefr Kannir E-20
Kefr Kenna H-18
Kefr Kud H-20
Kefr Kuk M-11
Kefr Malik H-24
Kefr Rahta L-19
Kefr Saba E-22
Kefr Sabt I-18
Kefr Zebad M-9
Keftun K-5
Kenath S-17
Kerak J-18
Kerak L-30
Kerak Q-18
Kerazeh K-16
Kereimbeh M-14
Kereitein G-29
Kerun K-11
Kes Sumrah K-18
Kesweh O-13
Ketherabba K-31
Khan J-19
Khan Arus S-8
Khan El Khulda I-9
Khan el Tujjar I-18
Khan Yunas A-29
Khanzireh K-31
Khersa K-17
Khertin K-7
Khisbet es Suk K-23
Khirbet Silim I-13
Khubab P-15
Khulasah D-30
Khuldeh M-24
Khureb Q-20
Kilkilia F-22
Kiratah P-16
Kirjath-arba (see El
Khulil) G-27
Kirjath-jearim F-25
Kir Moab L-30
Kishon F-17
Kubbet el Baul G-30
Kudna E-26
Kufr S-18
Kulat J-17
Kulat el Husn K-18
Kulat Zerka O-23
Kulmon E-17
Kunawat S-17
Kuneitirah L-14
Kurahta P-12
Kurawa F-23
Kureim P-15
Kureiyat K-27
Kureiyeh R-19
Kuriut H-23
Kuriyet es Suk N-25
Kurmul G-28
Kurn Hattin I-17
Kurnub G-31
Kustul S-8
Kuteibeh O-16
Kuteifeh R-9
Kutraneh N-30
Lachish C-27
Lahfit L-6
Lala L-11
Lebweh P-6
Leja Q-15
Lejjun G-19
Lejum N-27
Leontes I-13
Little Hermon I-19
Lubban F-23
Lubick J-17
Ludd E-24
Lybo P-6
Lycus J-8
Lydda, Diospolis E-24
Maad K-6
Macatha M-18
Madeba L-26
Magdala J-17
Mahajjeh P-16
Main L-26
Maksura S-10
Malatha F-30
Malia H-15
Malula Q-8
Marabun O-9
Mar Elias G-25
Maresa E-27
Mar Saba H-26
Masada I-29
Mashita N-25
Mateh Burak Q-14
Medaba L-26
Megiddo G-19
Meifuk K-6
Meiron I-16
Meis J-14
Mejdel F-23
Mejdel G-17
Mejdel I-17
Mejdel L-13
Mejdel Keram H-16
Mejellun I-11
Menarah J-14
Meneh O-21
Menin P-10
Menjah M-25
Merjaneh Q-13
Meshghara K-11
Mezarib N-18
Mezraah P-9
Mezraatesh Shuf J-10
Mirkib G-31
Misiliya H-21
Mizpah G-25
Mkaur K-27
Moab, Mountains of K-26
Moabites M-29
Moharfer I-25
Mount Carmel F-18
Mount Ebal G-22
Mount Gerizim G-22
Mount Gilboa I-20
Mount Hermon M-12
Mount Nebo K-26
Mount of Olives H-25
Mount Tabor J-18
Mukam B-28
Mukhalid E-21
Mukhmas H-25
Murduk S-17
Nabatiyeh I-12
Nabulus G-22
Naby Shaib K-24
Nahr Abu Zabura D-21
Nahr Amman N-24
Nahr Barada O-11
Nahr ed Damur I-10
Nahr el Asy P-5
Nahr el Aujeh D-23
Nahr el Auwaly I-11
Nahr el Falaik D-21
Nahr el Jazeh L-6
Nahr el Kasimiyeh G-13
Nahr el Kelb K-8
Nahr es Sikal R-11
Nahr es Zaherani H-11
Nahr Litany K-12
Nahr Rubin C-24
Nahr Yarmuk K-18
Nahr Zurka E-19
Nain H-19
Nakbel Jurd L-8
Nasar H-12
Nawa N-16
Nazareth H-18
Neapolis R-17
Nebha O-6
Nebk S-7
Neby Samwil G-25
Neby Sufa L-11
Neby Zatur M-9
Nein H-19
Nejha P-13
Nejran Q-17
Nemariyeh I-12
Nezib F-27
Nicopolis E-25
Niha J-11
Nimrim J-31
Nimrin K-24
Nmeireh J-30
Nob H-25
Noleh Q-12
Nujein P-16
Ophra I-24
Orak K-31
Orman T-19
Palæ Tyrus G-14
Pelod F-17
Pharpar Q-13
Phiala L-13
Philadelphia O-24
Philippopolis T-19
Philistia, Plain of D-25
Philistines, Country of
the D-26
Phoeneutus P-14
Phoenicia H-13
Pirathon G-22
Rabba L-29
Rabbath Ammon O-24
Rachel's Tomb G-26
Ragaba K-21
Raha S-18
Rajib K-21
Ramah F-27
Ramah H-14
Ramah H-16
Ramah H-25
Rameh F-16
Rameh G-27
Rameh H-21
Ramleh E-24
Ramoth Gilead L-23
Ras Baalbek Q-5
Rasheiya L-11
Rasheiyet K-13
Rehob J-20
Rehoboth D-31
Renthieh E-23
Reyak N-9
Rhamdun K-9
Ridgah J-20
Rihan Q-11
Rimeh R-17
Rimmon H-24
Rimmon I-17
Ruheiba D-31
Ruheim Selameh G-29
Rukhleh M-11
Rum J-11
Rumaneh I-17
Rumeish H-15
Rumin I-12
Rummaneh H-19
Rummon H-24
Sabha R-21
Saccoea S-16
Safed J-16
Safriyeh E-24
Sahmur K-11
Sahr Q-15
Sahwet el Kamh Q-19
Saida H-11
Saidnaya P-10
Sair G-27
Salameh E-23
Salcah T-20
Saleh T-18
Salim H-22
Samaria G-22
Samaria H-21
Sansannah C-29
Sanur H-21
Saphir C-26
Sardak M-7
Sasa I-15
Sasa N-13
Saufin F-22
Sawanieh E-19
Sawiet H-23
Sbeta C-30
Scopus G-25
Scythopolis J-20
Sea of the Plains J-28
Sea of Tiberias K-17
Sebaste G-22
Sebata C-31
Sebbeh I-29
Sefurieh H-17
Seilun H-23
Selakhid R-16
Semakh K-18
Semme P-19
Semunieh G-18
Sepphoris G-18
Serepta H-12
Seweh S-19
Shabat O-8
Shalem H-22
Sharon, Plain of D-22
Shebaa P-12
Shebruh L-7
Shefa Omar G-17
Shehim I-10
Sheikh Abret G-18
Shelifa N-7
Sheriat el Kebir J-24
Shihon K-28
Shiloh H-23
Shukah S-16
Shumlan J-9
Shunem H-19
Shuttah I-19
Shuweikeh E-26
Shuweikeh F-28
Sidon H-11
Sihil S-7
Sijn R-17
Siloam H-25
Sinjil H-23
Sir H-21
Solomon's Pools G-26
Subhiyeh R-20
Subbarin F-19
Succoth J-21
Suf M-21
Suffa F-24
Suk N-11
Suleim R-17
Sulima K-9
Sulkhad T-20
Sunamein O-15
Sur G-13
Surafend E-18
Surafend H-12
Surah F-25
Suwaret el Kebir R-14
Suweideh R-18
Taanach H-20
Taanuck H-20
Taiyibeh H-24
Tantura E-19
Tanurin el Fokhar M-6
Tappoah I-22
Tarichæa J-18
Teffuh F-27
Tekoa H-27
Tekua H-26
Tell Arad G-29
Tell Dothan H-20
Tell el Kamon F-18
Tell es Saffoyeh D-26
Tell Habeish G-14
Tell Hazor H-16
Tell Hum J-16
Tell Lukiyeh E-29
Tell Main G-28
Tell Milh F-30
Tell Sheriah D-29
Telseæ T-10
Temnin M-8
Terbikha H-15
Tershiha H-15
Teyasir I-21
Thebez I-21
Thimnoth F-24
Tiberias J-17
Tibneh F-24
Tibneh E-26
Tibnin I-14
Tibny L-20
Tibny P-15
Tima E-26
Timnath E-26
Tireh E-23
Tireh G-17
Tirzah H-22
Trachonitis R-16
Tubakat Fahel K-20
Tubakoh C-27
Tubariyeh J-17
Tubas I-21
Tufs N-18
Tuliel el Ful H-25
Tura H-13
Turah I-17
Turkumieh F-27
Tyre G-13
Tyrus G-13
Um el Fahm G-20
Um el Jemal P-20
Um el Jemal P-21
Um el Jerar B-29
Um er Rusas O-27
Um Jaujy M-24
Um Keis L-19
Um Lakhis C-27
Umm el Kuten S-21
Umm es Surab P-20
Umm Wulad Q-18
Um Rasas M-27
Um Tail J-23
Unkhul O-15
Urniebeh N-26
Urtas G-26
Wady Ain Feranjy M-30
Wady Allan M-16
Wady Awaj Q-13
Wady Belat F-23
Wady Benillamed K-29
Wady Debr I-25
Wady ed Dan P-18
Wady el Abiad J-24
Wady el Akib R-20
Wady el Azziyeh G-14
Wady el Butm S-20
Wady el Ghar P-17
Wady el Harram O-16
Wady el Hasy B-27
Wady el Jerayeh R-14
Wady el Kady I-10
Wady el Keis D-28
Wady el Mahanwait H-30
Wady el Mojib K-28
Wady Enkeileh M-28
Wady en Nar I-26
Wady esh Shahrur I-9
Wady es Sunam L-16
Wady es Suny B-29
Wady Ezrak L-24
Wady Fedar K-7
Wady Fikreh I-31
Wady Fusal J-23
Wady Harir L-10
Wady Hrer O-17
Wady Husasah I-27
Wady Kell J-25
Wady Kerak K-30
Wady Kerkera G-15
Wady Khuberah C-30
Wady Khusneh I-20
Wady Kunawat R-17
Wady Kurawa F-23
Wady Kurn G-15
Wady Luia R-15
Wady Mukubrit S-10
Wady Nawaimeh J-24
Wady Satar Q-1
Wady Seir K-25
Wady Seiyal H-29
Wady Sheriah C-29
Wady Surar E-25
Wady Tallit P-18
Wady Teim K-12
Wady Tufileh J-31
Wady Um Baghek H-30
Wady Umm Dubeb S-13
Wady Waleh L-27
Wady Yabis K-20
Wady Zakur E-23
Wady Zedi P-19
Wady Zerka K-22
Waters of Merom K-15
Welgha R-18
Yabrud R-7
Yabud G-20
Yafa H-18
Yafilfeh O-9
Yakak I-17
Yalu F-25
Yanuk H-16
Yanun I-23
Yarmuk F-26
Yaron I-15
Yarun I-13
Yatir I-14
Yazur D-25
Yazur E-23
Yebna C-25
Yelda P-12
Yerka G-16
Yesir H-13
Yosela J-23
Yunin P-7
Yutta G-28
Zahleh M-9
Zarephath G-12
Zebdany N-10
Zebdeh G-20
Zebdin I-12
Zebireh Q-16
Zeila F-21
Zeita I-11
Zelah G-26
Zerarieh H-13
Zerin H-19
Zifteh I-12
Ziph G-28
Ziph G-31
Ziza N-26
Zoar J-30
Zora O-17
Zorah F-25
Zuk J-8
Zuweirah H-30
INDEX TO MAP OF OLD TESTAMENT WORLD,
GIVING ONLY BIBLE AND MODERN NAMES.
(_See Map, pages 18, 19._)
EXPLANATION.--The letter and number following each
name show its location on the map. The name will be
found at or near the intersection of a vertical
line drawn between the letters top and bottom and a
horizontal line between the figures on either side.
The italics designate modern names.