186. W. Howitt, `Discovery in Australia, vol. i. p. 111:_Austral English

"This bird they called the Wattle-bird, and also the Poy-bird,

from its having little tufts of curled hair under its throat,

which they called poies, from the Otaheitan word for ear-rings.

The sweetness of this bird's note they described as

extraordinary, and that its flesh was delicious, but that it

was a shame to kill it."

1885. J. Hood, `Land of Fern,' p. 36:

"The wattle-bird, with joyous scream

Bathes her soft plumage in the cooling stream."

1871. T. Bracken, `Behind the Tomb,' p. 79:

"The wattle-bird sings in the leafy plantation."

1880. Mrs. Meredith, `Tasmanian Friends and Foes,' p. 119:

"The pretty, graceful wattle-birds are . . . much esteemed

for the table, cooked as snipe and woodcocks are in England

. . . Our pretty, elegant wattle-bird wears a pair of long

pendant drops, shaded from the deepest amber to white, lovelier

than any goldsmith's work. Its greyish plumage, too, is very

beautiful; the feathers on the breast are long, pointed, and

tinted with golden yellow."

1890. Tasma, `In her Earliest Youth,' p. 265:

"The droll double note of the wattle-bird."

1890. `Victorian Statutes-Game Act' (Third Schedule):

"Close season. All Honey-eaters (except Wattle-birds and

Leatherheads); from 1st day of August to loth day of December."

<hw>Wattle-gold</hw>, n. poetic name for the blossom

of the Wattle.

1870. A. L. Gordon, `Bush Ballads, Dedn., p. 9:

"In the spring, when the wattle-gold trembles

`Twixt shadow and shine."

1883. Keighley, `Who are You?' p. 54:

"My wealth has gone, like the wattle-gold

You bound one day on my childish brow."

<hw>Wattle-gum</hw>, n. the gum exuding

from the Wattles.

1862. W. Archer, `Products of Tasmania,' p. 41:

"Wattle-Gum, the gum of the Silver Wattle (Acacia

dealbata, Lindl.), is exceedingly viscous, and probably

quite as useful as Gum-Arabic. The gum of the Black Wattle

(Acacia mollissima, Willd.), which is often mixed with

the other, is very often inferior to it, being far less

viscous."

<hw>Wax-cluster</hw>, n. an Australian shrub,

Gaultheria hispida, R. Br., N.O. Ericaceae. A

congener of the English winter-green, or American checkerberry,

with white berries, in taste resembling gooseberries; called

also Chucky-chucky (q.v.), and Native Arbutus.

1834. Ross, `Van Diemen's Land Annual,' p. 133:

"Gaultheria hispida. The wax-cluster, abundant in the

middle region of Mount Wellington, and in other elevated and

moist situations in the colony. This fruit is formed by the

thickened divisions of the calyx, enclosing the small seed

vessel; when it is ripe it is of a snowy white. The flavour is

difficult to describe, but it is not unpleasant. In tarts the

taste is something like that of young gooseberries, with a

slight degree of bitterness."

1880. Mrs. Meredith, `Tasmanian Friends and Foes,' p. 11

[Footnote]:

"Gaultheria hispida.--The `Snowberry' or `Wax cluster'

is also called native Arbutus, from the form of the white

flowers which precede the fruit. The latter is of a peculiar

brioche-like form, and as the deep clefts open, the crimson

seed-cells peep through."

<hw>Wax-Eye</hw>, i.q. one of the many names for the bird

called Silver-Eye, White-Eye, Blight-Bird,

etc. See Zosterops.

<hw>Waybung</hw>, n. aboriginal name for an Australian

Chough, Corcorax melanoramphus, Vieill.

<hw>Weaver-bird</hw>, n. The English name

Weaver-bird, in its present broad sense as applied

to a wide variety of birds, is modern. It alludes to their

dexterity in "weaving" their nests. It is applied in Australia

to Callornis metallica, a kind of Starling.

1890. C. Lumholtz, `Among Cannibals,' p. 96:

"The elegant, metallic-looking, `glossy starlings' (Callornis

metallica) greedily swoop, with a horrible shriek, upon the

fruit of the Australian cardamom tree. The ingenious nests of

this bird were found in the scrubs near Herbert Vale--a great

many in the same tree. Although this bird is a starling, the

colonists call it `weaver-bird.'"

<hw>Wedge-bill</hw>, n. an Australian bird. This

English name for a species of humming-bird is applied in

Australia to Sphenostoma cristata, Gould.

1890. `Victorian Statutes--Game Act' (Third Schedule):

"Wedge-bill. [Close season.] From 1st day of August to 10th

day of December next following in each year."

<hw>Weeping-Gum</hw>. See Gum.

<hw>Weeping-Myall</hw>, n. an Australian tree, Acacia

pendula, Cunn., N.O. Leguminosae. See Myall.

<hw>Weka</hw>, n. the Maori name for the Wood-hen

(q.v.) of New Zealand, so called from its note. There are two

species--

South-Island Weka, or Wood-hen--

Ocydromus australis, Strick.

North-Island W., or W.-h.--

Ocydromus brachypterus, Buller.

The specimens intergrade to such an extent that precise

limitation of species is extremely difficult; but Sir W. L.

Buller set them out as these two in 1878, regarding other

specimens as varieties. The birds are sometimes called

Weka-Rails, and the Maori name of Weka-pango is

given to the Black Wood-hen (0. fuscus, Du Bus.).

1845. E. J. Wakefield, `Adventures in New Zealand,' vol. ii.

p. 95:

"Two young weka, or wood-hens, about as large as sparrows

. . . were esteemed a valuable addition to our scanty supper."

1864. R. L. A. Davies, `Poems and Literary Remains' (edition

1884), p. 263:

"Wood-hens, or Waikas, are a great stand-by in the bush.

Their cry can be imitated, and a man knowing their language

and character can catch them easily. They call each other by

name, pronounced `Weeka,' latter syllable being shrill and

prolonged, an octave higher than the first note. . . . The

wood-hen is about the size of a common barn-door fowl; its

character is cunning, yet more fierce than cunning, and more

inquisitive than either."

1865. Lady Barker, `Station Life in New Zealand,' p. 28:

"Until the numbers of the wekas are considerably reduced. They

are very like a hen pheasant without the long tail-feathers,

and until you examine them you cannot tell they have no wings,

though there is a sort of small pinion among the feathers, with

a claw at the end of it. They run very swiftly, availing

themselves cleverly of the least bit of cover."

1867. F. Hochstetter, `New Zealand,' p. 167:

"Another famous bird of chase with the natives is the weka

(Ocydromus Australis), or the wood-hen, belonging to

the class of rails, which have already become quite scarce upon

North Island. In the grassy plains and forests of the Southern

Alps, however, they are still found in considerable numbers.

It is a thievish bird, greedy after everything that glistens;

it frequently carries off spoons, forks, and the like, but it

also breaks into hen-coops, and picks and sucks the eggs."

1882. T. H. Potts, `Out in the Open,' p. 286:

"Fortunately, the weka bears so obnoxious a character as an

evil-doer that any qualm of conscience on the score of cruelty

is at once stilled when one of these feathered professors of

diablerie is laid to rest."

1888. W. L. Buller, `Birds of New Zealand,' vol. ii. p. 105:

[A full description.]

1889. Vincent Pyke, `Wild Will Enderby,' p. 82:

"We-ki! we-ki! we-ka! Three times the plaintive cry of

the `wood-hen' was heard. It was a preconcerted signal."

<hw>Weka, Rail</hw>, n. See Weka.

<hw>Well-in</hw>, adj. answering to `well off,' `well to

do,' `wealthy'; and ordinarily used, in Australia, instead of

these expressions.

1891. Rolf Boldrewood, `A Sydney-side Saxon,' p. 1:

"He's a well-in squatter that took up runs or bought them

cheap before free-selection, and land-boards, and rabbits, and

all the other bothers that turn a chap's hair grey before his

time."

<hw>Western Australia</hw>, the part of the Continent first

sighted in 1527 by a Portuguese, and the last to receive

responsible government, in 1890. It had been made a Crown

colony in 1829.

<hw>Westralia</hw>, n. a common abbreviation for

Western Australia (q.v.). The word was coined to meet

the necessities of the submarine cable regulations, which

confine messages to words containing not more than ten letters.

1896. `The Studio,' Oct., p. 151:

"The latest example is the El Dorado of Western Australia,

or as she is beginning to be more generally called `Westralia,'

a name originally invented by the necessity of the electric

cable, which limits words to ten letters, or else charges

double rate."

1896. `Nineteenth Century,' Nov., p. 711 [Title of article]:

"The Westralian Mining Boom."

<hw>Weta</hw>, n. Maori name for a New Zealand insect--

a huge, ugly grasshopper, Deinacrula megacephala,

called by bushmen the Sawyer.

1857. C. Hursthouse, `New Zealand,' vol. i. p. 123:

"The weta, a suspicious-looking, scorpion-like creature,

apparently replete with `high concocted venom,' but perfectly

harmless."

1863. S. Butler, `First Year in Canterbury Settlement,'

p. 141:

"One of the ugliest-looking creatures that I have ever seen.

It is called `Weta,' and is of tawny scorpion-like colour,

with long antenna and great eyes, and nasty squashy-looking

body, with (I think) six legs. It is a kind of animal which no

one would wish to touch: if touched, it will bite sharply, some

say venomously. It is very common but not often seen, and

lives chiefly among dead wood and under stones."

1888. J. Adams, `On the Botany of Te Moehau,' `Transactions of

New Zealand Institute,' vol. xxi. art. ii. p. 41:

"Not a sound was heard in that lonely forest, except at long

intervals the sharp noise produced by the weta."

<hw>W. F.'s</hw>, old Tasmanian term for wild cattle.

1891. James Fenton, `Bush Life in Tasmania Fifty Years Ago,'

p. 24:

"Round up a mob of the wildest W.F.'s that ever had their ears

slit."

[Note]: "This was the brand on Mr. William Field's wild

cattle."

<hw>Whalebone-Tree</hw>, n. i.q. Mint-Tree

(q.v.).

<hw>Whaler</hw>, n. used specifically as slang

for a Sundowner (q.v.); one who cruises about.

1893. `Sydney Morning Herald,' Aug. 12, p. 8. col. 8:

"The nomad, the `whaler,' it is who will find the new order

hostile to his vested interest of doing nothing."

<hw>Whaler/2</hw>, n. name given in Sydney to the Shark,

Carcharias brachyurus, Gunth., which is not confined to

Australasia.

<hw>Whare</hw>, n. Maori word for a house;

a dissyllable, variously spelt, rhyming with `quarry.'

It is often quaintly joined with English words; e.g. a

sod-whare, a cottage built with sods. In a Maori

vocabulary, the following are given: whare-kingi,

a castle; whare-karakia, a church; whare-here,

the lock-up.

1820. `Grammar and Vocabulary of Language of New Zealand'

(Church Missionary Society), p. 225:

"Ware, s. a house, a covering."

1833. `Henry Williams' Journal: Carleton's Life,' p. 151:

"The Europeans who were near us in a raupo whare

(rush house)."

1845. E. J. Wakefield, `Adventures in New Zealand,' vol. i.

p. 26:

"We were much amused at seeing the ware-puni, or sleeping-

houses, of the natives. These are exceedingly low, and covered

with earth, on which weeds very often grow. They resemble in

shape and size a hot-bed with the glass off."

1852. G. C. Mundy, `Our Antipodes,' c. x. p. 265 (Third

Edition, 1855):

"Sitting in the sun at the mouth of his warree, smoking his

pipe."

1854. W. Golder, `Pigeons' Parliament,' [Notes] p. 76:

"I fell upon what I thought a good place on which to fix my

warre, or bush-cottage."

1857. `Paul's Letters from Canterbury,' p. 89:

"Then pitch your tent, or run up a couple of grass

warres somewhat bigger than dog-kennels."

1871. C. L. Money, `Knocking About in New Zealand,' p. 33:

"The old slab wharry."

Ibid. p. 132:

"The village was sacked and the wharries one after another set

fire to and burnt.'"

1877. Anon., `Colonial Experiences or Incidents of Thirty-Four

Years in New Zealand,' p. 87:

"In the roughest colonial whare there is generally one or more

places fitted up called bunks."

1882. R. C. Barstow, `Transactions of the New Zealand

Institute,' vol. xv. art. liii. p. 428:

"Raupo whares were put up."

1889. `Cornhill Magazine,' Jan., p. 35:

"Ten minutes more brought us to my friend's `whare,'--the Maori

name for house."

1886. `Otago Witness,' Jan. 23, p. 42:

"The pas close at hand give up their population,--only the

blind, the sick, and the imbecile being left to guard the

grimy, smoke-dried whares."

<hw>Whata</hw>, n. Maori word for a storehouse on posts

or other supports, like a Pataka (q.v.). Futtah

(q.v.) is a corruption, probably of Irish origin.

1845. E. J. Wakefield, `Adventures in New Zealand,' vol. i.

p. 167:

"In one corner was a ware-puni, occupied by Barrett and his

family, and in the middle a wata, or `storehouse,' stuck upon

four poles about six feet high, and only approachable by a

wooden log with steps cut in it."

1855. Rev. R. Taylor, `Te Ika a Maui,' p. 57:

"A chief would not pass under a stage or wata (a food-store)."

Ibid. p. 468:

"Wata, stand or raised platform for food: Fata,

Tahaiti."

[Also an illustration, "an ornamental food-store," p. 377.]

1891. Rev. J. Stack, `Report of Australasian Association

for Advancement of Science,' #G. vol. iii. p. 378:

"The men gathered the food and stored it in Whatas or store-

rooms, which were attached to every chief's compound, and built

on tall posts protect the contents from damp and rats."

<hw>Whau</hw>, n. Maori name for the New Zealand

Cork-tree, Entelea arborescens, R. Br.,

N.O. Tiliaceae.

<hw>Whee-Whee</hw>, n. a bird not identified.

1827. P. Cunningham, `Two Years in New South Wales,' vol. i.

p. 232:

"In the morning the dull monotonous double note of the

whee-whee (so named from the sound of its calls), chiming in at

regular intervals as the tick of a clock, warns us . . . it

is but half an hour to dawn."

<hw>Whekau</hw>, n. Maori name for the bird

Sceloglaux albifacies, Gray, a New Zealand owl,

which is there called the Laughing-Jackass.

See Jackass.

1869. J. Gould, `Birds of Australia' [Supplement]:

"Sceloglaux Albifacies, Wekau. Another of the strange

inhabitants of our antipodal country, New Zealand. An owl it

unquestionably is, but how widely does it differ from every

other member of its family."

1885. A. Reischek, `Transactions of New Zealand Institute,'

vol. xviii. art. xiii. p. 97:

"Athene albifacies, Laughing owl (whekau). Owls are

more useful than destructive, but this species I never saw in

the north or out-lying islands, and in the south it is

extremely rare, and preys mostly on rats."

1885. `Transactions of the New Zealand Institute,' vol. xviii.

p. 101:

"Already several species have disappeared from the mainland

. . . or are extremely rare, such as . . . Laughing owl

(Whekau)."

<hw>Whelk</hw>, or <hw>Native Whelk</hw>, n.

a marine mollusc, Trochocochlea constricta.

See Perriwinkle.

<hw>Whilpra</hw>, n. See quotation, and compare

the Maori word Tupara (q.v.)

1880. Fison and Howitt, `Kamilaroi and Kumai,' p. 211:

"The term whilpra being a corruption of wheelbarrow, which the

Lake Torrens natives have acquired from the whites as the name

for a cart or waggon."

<hw>Whio</hw>, n. (originally <hw>Whio-Whio</hw>),

also<hw>Wio</hw>, Maori name for the New Zealand Duck,

Hymenolaemus malacorhynchus, Gmell., called the

Blue-Duck or Mountain Duck of New Zealand.

See Duck, Professor Parker's quotation, 1889.

The bird has a whistling note. The Maori verb, whio,

means to whistle.

1855. Rev. R. Taylor, `Te Ika a Maui,' p. 407:

"Wio (Hymenolaemus malacorhynchus), the blue duck,

is found abundantly in the mountain-streams of the south part

of the North Island, and in the Middle Island. It takes its

name from its cry."

1877. W. Buller, `Transactions of New Zealand Institute,'

vol. x. art. xix. p. 199:

"Captain Mair informs me that the wio is plentiful in all the

mountain-streams in the Uriwera country. When marching with the

native contingent in pursuit of Te Kooti, as many as forty or

fifty were sometimes caught in the course of the day, some

being taken by hand, or knocked over with sticks or stones,

so very tame and stupid were they."

1885. H. Martin, `Transactions of New Zealand Institute,'

vol. xviii. art. xxii. p. 113:

"Hymenolaemus malacorhynchus, Whio, Blue Duck.

Both Islands." [From a list of New Zealand birds that

ought to be protected.]

<hw>Whip-bird</hw>, n. See Coach-whip.

<hw>Whip-snake</hw>, n. or Little Whip-Snake.

See under Snake.

<hw>Whip-stick</hw>, n. variety of dwarf

Eucalypt; one of the Mallees; forming thick scrub.

1874. M. C., `Explorers,' p. 123:

"He had lost his way, when he would fain have crost

A patch of whip-stick scrub."

<hw>Whip-tail</hw>, n. (1) A fancy name for a small

Kangaroo. See Pretty-Faces, quotation.

(2) A Tasmanian fish; see under Tasmanian Whiptail.

<hw>Whistling Dick</hw>, n. Tasmanian name for a

Shrike-Thrush. Called also Duke- Willy.

1848. J. Gould, `Birds of Australia,'vol. ii. pl. 77:

"Colluricincla Selbii, Jard., Whistling Dick of the

Colonists of Van Diemen's Land."

<hw>Whistling Duck</hw>, n. See Duck. The bird

named below by Leichhardt appears to be a mistake; vide Gould's

list at word Duck.

1847. L. Leichhardt, `Overland Expedition,' p. 287:

"The Leptotarsis, Gould (whistling duck), which

habitually crowd close together on the water."

<hw>Whitebait</hw>, n. a fish; not, as in England,

the fry of the herring and sprat, but in Victoria, Engraulis

antarcticus, Castln.; and in New Zealand, the young fry of

Galaxias attenuatus, Jenyns (Inanga, q.v.).

The young of the New Zealand Smelt (q.v.), Retropinna

richardsonii, Gill, are also called Whitebait,

both in New Zealand and in Tasmania.

1882. Rev. J. E. Tenison-Woods, `Fish of New South Wales,'

p. 85:

"Anchovies or Engraulis have a compressed body with a

very wide lateral mouth, and a projecting upper jaw. Scales

large. We have two species--E. antarcticus, Casteln.,

and E. nasutus, Casteln. The first-named species is by

many erroneously believed to be identical, or at most a variety

of E. encrassicholus of Europe. Count Castelnau states

that it is very common in the Melbourne market at all seasons,

and goes by the name of `whitebait.'"

1883. `Royal Commission on Fisheries of Tasmania, p. iv:

"Retropinna Richardsonii, whitebait or smelt. Captured

in great abundance in the river Tamar, in the prawn nets,

during the months of February and March, together with a

species of Atherina, and Galaxias attenuatus,

and are generally termed by fishermen whitebait. Dr. Guenther

had formerly supposed that this species was confined to New

Zealand; it appears, however, to be common to Australia and

Tasmania."

<hw>Whitebeard</hw>, n. name applied to the plant

Styphelia ericoides, N.O. Epacrideae.

<hw>White-Eye</hw>, n. another name for the bird called

variously Silver-Eye, Wax-Eye,

Blight-Bird, etc., Zosterops (q.v.).

1848. J. Gould, `Birds of Australia,' vol. iv. pl. 81:

"Zosterops Dorsalis, Vig. and Horsf, Grey-backed

Zosterops; White-eye, Colonists of New South Wales."

1896. `The Australasian,' Nov. 14, p. 461:

"The unique migration on the part of the white-eyes has not

been satisfactorily accounted for. One authority invents the

ingenious theory that the original white-eyes went to New

Zealand after the memorable `Black Thursday' of Australia in

1851."

<hw>White-face</hw>, n. a name applied to the Australian

bird, Xerophila leucopsis, Gould. Another species is

the Chestnut-breasted White face, X. pectoralis,

Gould.

<hw>White Gallinule</hw>, n. one of the birds of the

family called Rails. The White Gallinule was

recorded from New South Wales in 1890, and also from Lord Howe

Island, off the coast, and from Norfolk Island. The modern

opinion is that it never existed save in these two islands, and

that it is now extinct. It was a bird of limited powers of

flight, akin to the New Zealand bird, Notornis mantilli

which is also approaching extinction. Only two skins of the

White Gallinule are known to be in existence.

1789. Governor Phillip,' Voyage to Botany Bay,' p. 273 and

fig.:

"White Gallinule. This beautiful bird greatly resembles the

purple Gallinule in shape and make, but is much superior in

size, being as large as a dunghill fowl. . . . This species

is pretty common on Lord Howe's Island, Norfolk Island, and

other places, and is a very tame species."

1882. E. P. Ramsay, `Proceedings of the Linnaean Society of

New South Wales,' p. 86:

"The attention of some of our early Naturalists was drawn

to this Island by finding there, the now extinct `White

Gallinule,' then called (Fulica alba), but which

proves to be a species of Notornis."

<hw>White-head</hw>, n. a bird of New Zealand,

Clitonyx albicapilla, Buller. Found in North Island,

but becoming very rare. See Clitonyx.

<hw>White-lipped Snake</hw>, n. See under Snake.

<hw>White-Pointer</hw>, n. a New South Wales name for

the White-Shark. See Shark.

<hw>White-top</hw>, n. another name for Flintwood

(q.v.).

<hw>White-Trevally</hw>, n. an Australian fish.

See Trevally.

1882. Rev. J. E. Tenison-Woods, `Fish and Fisheries of New

South Wales,' p. 59:

"Caranx georgianus, the `white trevally.' . . There are

several other species of Caranx in Port Jackson. In Victoria

it is called silver bream. Count Castelnau says it is very

beautiful when freshly taken from the water, the upper part

being a light celestial blue or beautiful purple, the lower

parts of a silvery white with bright iridescent tinges . . .

There is another fish called by this name which has already

been described amongst the Teuthidae, but this is the

White Trevally as generally known by New South Wales

fishermen."

<hw>Whitewood</hw>, n. another name for

Cattle-Bush (q.v.). A Tasmanian name for

Pittosporum bicolor, Hook., N.O. Pittosporeae.

Called Cheesewood in Victoria, and variously applied,

as a synonym, to other trees; it is also called Waddy-wood

(q.v.).

<hw>Whiting</hw>, n. Four species of the fish of the

genus Sillago are called Whiting in Australia

(see quotation). The New Zealand Whiting is

Pseudophycis breviusculus, Richards., and the

Rock-Whiting of New South Wales is Odax

semifaciatus, Cuv. and Val., and O. richardsonii,

Gunth.; called also Stranger (q.v.). Pseudophycis

is a Gadoid, Sillago belongs to the

Trachinidae, and Odax to the family

Labridae or Wrasses.

1882. Rev. J. E. Tenison-Woods, `Fish of New South Wales,'

p. 65:

"The `whitings' are not like those of Europe. There are, in

all, four Australian species--the common sand-whiting

(Sillago maculata), abundant on the New South Wales

coast; the trumpeter-whiting (S. bassensis),

also abundant here, and the most common species in Brisbane;

S. punctata, the whiting of Melbourne, and rare on

this coast; and S. ciliata."

<hw>Widgeon</hw>, n. the common English name for a Duck

of the genus Mareca, extended generally by sportsmen to

any wild duck. In Australia, it is used as another name for

the Pink-eyed (or Pink-eared) Duck. It is

also used, as in England, by sportsmen as a loose term for many

species of Wild-Duck generally.

<hw>Wild Dog</hw>, n. i.q. Dingo (q.v.).

<hw>Wild Geranium</hw>, n. In Australia, the species

is Pelargonium australe, Willd., N.O. Geraniaceae.

<hw>Wild Irishman</hw>, a spiny New Zealand shrub, Discaria

toumatou, Raoul, N.O. Rhamneae. The Maori name is

Tumata-Kuru (q.v.).

1867. F. Hochstetter, `New Zealand,' p. 133:

"Certain species of Acyphilla and Discaria,

rendering many tracts, where they grow in larger quantities,

wholly inaccessible. On account of their slender blades

terminating in sharp spines the colonists have named them

`spear-grass,' `wild Irishman,' and `wild Spaniard.'"

[This is a little confused. There are two distinct plants in

New Zealand--

(1) Discaria toumatou, a spiny shrub or tree;

called Tumatakuru Matagory, and Wild Irishman.

(2) Aciphylla colensoi, a grass, called

Sword-grass, Spear grass, Spaniard,

and Scotchman.

1875. Lady Barker, `Station Amusements in New Zealand,' p. 35:

"Interspersed with the Spaniards are generally clumps

of `Wild Irishman'--a straggling sturdy bramble, ready

to receive and scratch you well if you attempt to avoid the

Spaniard's weapons."

1883. J. Hector, `Handbook of New Zealand, p. 131:

"Tumata kuru, Wild Irishman. A bush or small tree with

spreading branches; if properly trained would form a handsome

hedge that would be stronger than whitethorn. The species were

used by the Maoris for tattooing."

1892. Malcolm Ross, `Aorangi,' p. 37:

"Almost impenetrable scrub, composed mainly of wild

Irishman (Discaria toumatou) and Sword-grass

(Aciphylla Colensoi)."

1896. `The Australasian,' Aug. 28, p. 407, col. 5:

". . . national appellations are not satisfactory. It seems

uncivil to a whole nation--another injustice to Ireland--to

call a bramble a wild Irishman, or a pointed grass, with the

edges very sharp and the point like a bayonet, a Spaniard. One

could not but be amused to find the name Scotchman applied to a

smaller kind of Spaniard."

<hw>Wild Parsnip</hw>, n. See Parsnip.

<hw>Wild Rosemary</hw>, n. See Rosemary.

<hw>Wild Turkey</hw>, n. See Turkey.

<hw>Wild Yam</hw>, n. a parasitic orchid, Gastrodia

sesamoides, R. Br., N.O. Orchideae.

<hw>Wilga</hw>, n. a tree. Called also Dogwood

and Willow, Geijera parviflora, Lindl.,

N.O. Rutaceae. Adopted by the colonists from the

aboriginal name.

1891. Rolf Boldrewood, `A Sydney-side Saxon,' p. 123:

"We rode out through a wilga scrub."

(p. 230): "She'd like to be buried there--under a spreading

wilga tree."

<hw>Willow Myrtle</hw>, n. a tree, Agonis

flexuosa, De C., N.O. Myrtaceae, with willow-like

leaves and pendent branches, native of West Australia, and

cultivated for ornament as a greenhouse shrub.

<hw>Willow, Native</hw>, n. i.q. Boobialla

(q.v.), and also another name for the Poison-berry Tree

(q.v.).

<hw>Willy-Wagtail</hw>, n. i.q. Wagtail (q.v.).

<hw>Willy Willy</hw>, n. native name for a storm on

North-west of Australia.

1894. `The Age,' Jan. 20, p. 13, col. 4 [Letter by `Bengalee']:

"Seeing in your issue of this morning a telegraphic report of a

`willy willy' in the north-west portion of West Australia, it

may be of interest to hear a little about these terrific storms

of wind and rain. The portion of the western coast most

severely visited by these scourges is said to be between the

North-wet Cape and Roebuck Bay; they sometimes reach as far

south as Carnarvon and north as far as Derby. The approach of

one of these storms is generally heralded by a day or too of

hot, oppressive weather, and a peculiar haze. Those having

barometers are warned of atmospheric disturbances; at other

times they come up very suddenly. The immense watercourses to

be seen in the north-west country, the bed of the Yule River,

near Roebourne, for instance, and many other large creeks and

rivers, prove the terrible force and volume of water that falls

during the continuance of one of these storms. The bed of the

Yule River is fully a mile wide, and the flood marks on some of

the trees are sufficient proof of the immense floods that

sometimes occur. Even in sheltered creeks and harbours the

wind is so violent that luggers and other small craft are blown

clean over the mangrove bushes and left high and dry, sometimes

a considerable distance inland. The willy willy is the name

given to these periodical storms by the natives in the

north-west."

1895. C. M. Officer, Private Letter:

"In the valley of the Murray between Swan Hill and Wentworth,

in the summer time during calm weather, there are to be seen

numerous whirlwinds, carrying up their columns of dust many

yards into the air. These are called by the name willy willy."

<hw>Windmill J.P.</hw>, expression formerly used in New South

Wales for any J.P. who was ill-educated and supposed to sign

his name with a cross x.

<hw>Wine-berry</hw>, n. See Tutu. In Australia,

the name is given to Polyosma cunninghamii, Benn.,

N.O. Saxifrageae.

<hw>Winery</hw>, n. an establishment for making

wines. An American word which is being adopted in Australia.

1893. `The Argus,' Oct. 6, p. 7, col. 6

[Letter headed `Wineries']:

"I would suggest that the idea of small local wineries, each

running on its own lines, be abandoned, and one large company

formed, having its headquarters in Melbourne with wineries in

various centres. The grapes could be brought to these depots

by the growers, just as the milk is now brought to the

creameries."

<hw>Winter Cherry</hw>, n. See Balloon Vine.

<hw>Winter Country</hw>, in New Zealand (South Island),

land so far unaffected by snow that stock is wintered on it.

<hw>Wire-grass</hw>, and <hw>Wiry-grass</hw>. See

Grass.

1883. E. M. Curr, `Recollections of Squatting in Victoria'

(1841-1851), p. 81:

"Sparsely-scattered tussocks of the primest descriptions;

the wire-grass, however, largely predominating over the

kangaroo-grass."

<hw>Wirrah</hw>, n. aboriginal name for a fish

of New South Wales, Plectropoma ocellatum, Gunth.

1884. E. P. Ramsav. `Fisheries Exhibition Literature,'

vol. v. p. 311:

"Another of the Percidae . . . the wirrah of the

fishermen, is more plentiful. It is when first caught a

handsome fish, of a pale olive-brown or olive-green colour,

with numerous bright blue dots on spots of a lighter tint."

<hw>Witchetty</hw>, n. native name for the grub-like

larva of one or more species of longicorn beetles. The natives

dig it out of the roots of shrubs, decaying timber and earth,

in which it lives, and eat it with relish. It is sometimes

even roasted and eaten by white children.

1894. R. Lydekker, `Marsupialia,' p. 191:

"Dr. Stirling writes . . . [The marsupial mole] was fed on

the `witchetty' (a kind of grub) . . . two or three small

grubs, or a single large one, being given daily."

<hw>Wiwi</hw>, n. Maori name for a jointed rush.

1842. W. R. Wade, `A Journey in the Northern Island of New

Zealand,' `New Zealand Reader,' p. 122:

"The roof is usually completed with a thick coating of wiwi

(a small rush), and then the sides receive a second coating

of raupo, and sometimes of the wiwi over all."

1845. E. J. Wakefield, `Adventures in New Zealand,' vol. i.

p. 380:

"[The walls] were lined outside with the wiwi or fine grass."

[See also Raupo, 1843 quotation.]

<hw>Wiwi/2</hw>, n. slang name for a Frenchman,

from "Oui, Oui!"

1845. E. J. Wakefield, `Adventures in New Zealand,' vol. i.

p. 94:

"If I had sold the land to the white missionaries, might they

not have sold it again to the Wiwi (Frenchmen) or Americans."

1857. C. Hursthouse, `New Zealand, the Britain of the South,'

vol. i. p. 14:

"De Surville's painful mode of revenge, and the severe

chastisement which the retaliatory murder of Marion brought on

the natives, rendered the Wee-wees (Oui, oui), or people of the

tribe of Marion, hateful to the New Zealanders for the next

half-century."

1859. A. S. Thomson, `Story of New Zealand,' vol. i. p. 236:

"Before the Wewis, as the French are now called, departed."

1873. H. Carleton, `Life of Henry Williams,' p. 92:

"The arrival of a French man-of-war was a sensational event

to the natives, who had always held the Oui-oui's in dislike."

1881. Anon., `Percy Pomo,' p. 207:

"Has [sic] the Weewees puts it."

<hw>Wiwi/3</hw>, n. aboriginal name for a native weapon.

1845. Charles Griffith, `Present State and Prospects of the

Port Phillip District of New South Wales,' p. 155:

"The wiwi is an instrument not so well known. It is composed

of a long straight withy, about two feet long, to which is

attached a head, made of a piece of wood four inches long,

in the shape of two cones joined together at the base . . .

This they strike against the ground, at a little distance to

one side of them, whence it rises at right angles to its first

direction, and flies with the swiftness of an arrow for about

one hundred yards, and at a height of about ten feet from the

ground."

<hw>Wobbegong</hw>, n. a New South Wales aboriginal name

for a species of Shark, Crassorhinus barbatus, Linn.,

family Scyllidae; also known as the Carpet-Shark,

from the beautifully mottled skin. The fish is not peculiar to

Australia, but the name is.

<hw>Wobbles</hw>, n. a disease in horses caused by

eating palm-trees in Western Australia.

1896. `The Australasian,' Feb. 15, p. 319:

"The palm-trees for years cost annoyance and loss to farmers

and graziers. Their stock being troubled with a disease called

`wobbles,' which attacked the limbs and ended in death.

A commission of experts was appointed, who traced the disease

to the palms, of which the cattle were very fond."

<hw>Wolf</hw>, n. called also Native Wolf,

Marsupial Wolf and Zebra Wolf, Tasmanian

Tiger and Hyaena; genus, Thylacinus (q.v.).

It is the largest carnivorous marsupial extant, and is so much

like a wolf in appearance that it well deserves its vernacular

name of Wolf, though now-a-days it is generally called

Tiger. See Tasmanian Tiger.

1891. `Guide to Zoological Gardens, Melbourne':

"The first occupants we notice in this cage are two marsupial

wolves, Thylacinus cynocephalus, or Tasmanian tigers as

they are commonly called. These animals are becoming scarce,

as, owing to their destructiveness among sheep, they are

relentlessly persecuted by run-holders."

<hw>Wollomai</hw>, n. the aboriginal name of the fish

called Schnapper (q.v.). In 1875 a horse named

Wollomai won the Melbourne Cup. Since then numerous

houses and estates have been named Wollomai.

<hw>Wombat</hw>, n. a marsupial animal of the genus

Phascolomys (q.v.). It is a corruption of the

aboriginal name. There are various spellings; that nearest

to the aboriginal is womback, but the form wombat

is now generally adopted. The species are--the Common Wombat,

Phascolomys mitchelli, Owen; Tasmanian W.,

P. ursinus, Shaw; Hairy-nosed W., P. latifrons,

Owen.

1798. M. Flinders, `Voyage to Terra Australis (1814),'

Intro. p. cxxviii, `Journal,' Feb. 16:

"Point Womat, a rocky projection of Cape Barren Island, where a

number of the new animals called womit were seen, and killed."

Ibid. p. cxxxv:

"This little bear-like quadruped is known in New South Wales,

and called by the natives, womat, wombat, or

womback, according to the different dialects,

or perhaps to the different renderings of the wood rangers

who brought the information . . . It burrows like the badger."

1799. D. Collins, `Account of New South Wales (1802),'

vol. ii. p. 153 [`Bass's Journal,' Jan.]:

"The Wom-bat (or, as it is called by the natives of Port

Jackson, the Womback,) is a squat, thick, short-legged,

and rather inactive quadruped, with great appearance of stumpy

strength, and somewhat bigger than a large turnspit dog."

1802. D. Collins, `Account of English Colony in New South

Wales,' vol. ii. p. 156:

"In the opinion of Mr. Bass this Wombat seemed to be very

oeconomically made."

18x3. `History of New South Wales' 0818), p. 431:

"An animal named a wombat, about the size of a small

turnspit-dog, has been found in abundance in Van Diemen's Land,

and also, though less frequently, in other parts of New South

Wales. Its flesh has in taste a resemblance to pork."

1827. P. Cunningham, `Two Years in New South Wales,' vol. i.

p. 318:

"The wombat, a large animal of the size of a mastiff,

burrowing in the ground, feeding on grass and roots

and attaining considerable fatness."

1832. J. Bischoff, `Van Diemen's Land,' p. 175:

"The dogs had caught . . . two badgers or woombacks."

1846. G. H. Haydon, `Five Years in Australia Felix,' p. 58:

"The Wombat is a large kind of badger, which burrows in the

ground to a considerable depth, and is taken by the blacks for

food; it makes a noise, when attacked in its hole, something

similar to the grunting of a pig."

1848. W. Westgarth, `Australia Felix,' p. 129:

"Mere rudimentary traces (of a pouch) in the pig-like wombat."

1853. J. West, `History of Tasmania,' vol. i. p. 325:

"The Wombat, commonly called in the colony Badger

(Phascolomys wombat, Peron.), is an animal weighing

forty to eighty pounds, having a large body with short legs.

Notwithstanding its burrowing habits, and the excessive

thickness and toughness of its skin, it is usually so easily

killed that it is becoming less and less common."

1855. W. Blandowski, `Transactions of Philosophical Society

of Victoria,' vol. i. p. 67:

"Wombat. This clumsy, but well-known animal (Phascolomys

wombat), during the day conceals himself in his gloomy lair

in the loneliest recesses of the mountains, and usually on the

banks of a creek, and at night roams about in search of food,

which it finds by grubbing about the roots of gigantic

eucalypti."

1855. W. Howitt, `Two Years in Vic. toria,' vol. i. p. 211:

"The wombat resembles a large badger in the shortness of its

legs, but has a little of the pig and the bear in its shape,

hair, and movements."

1862. W. M. Thackeray, `Roundabout Papers,' p. 82:

"Our dear wambat came up and had himself scratched very

affably. . . .

"Then I saw the grey wolf, with mutton in his maw;

Then I saw the wambat waddle in the straw."

1880. Fison and Howitt, `Kamilaroi and Kumai,' p. 265:

"Wombat is cooked, then opened and skinned."

1888. D. Macdonald, `Gum Boughs,' p. 81:

"The wombat is very powerful, and can turn a boulder almost

as large as itself out of the way when it bars the road."

1889. Cassell's `Picturesque Australasia,' vol. iv. p. 183:

"There are large numbers of wombats in the district, and these

animals, burrowing after the fashion of rabbits, at times reach

great depths, and throw up large mounds."

1894. `The Argus,' June 23, p. 11, col. 4:

"The wombat's grunt is strictly in harmony with his piggish

appearance."

<hw>Wombat-hole</hw>, n. hole made by Wombat

(q.v.).

1891. Mrs. Cross (Ada Cambridge), `The Three Miss Kings,'

p. 181:

"He took them but a little way from where they had camped, and

disclosed in the hillside what looked like a good-sized wombat

or rabbit-hole."

<hw>Wommera</hw>. See Woomera.

<hw>Wonga</hw>, n. aboriginal name for the bulrush,

Typha angustifolia, Linn. It is the same as the

Raupo (q.v.) of New Zealand, and is also known as

Bulrush, Cat's Tail and Reed Mace,

and in Europe as the `Asparagus of the Cossacks.'

For etymology, see next word.

<hw>Wonga-wonga</hw>, n. an Australian pigeon,

Leucosarcia picata, Lath.; it has very white flesh.

The aboriginal word wonga is explained as coming from

root signifying the idea of `quiver motion,' `sudden springing up'

and the word is thus applied as a name for the bulrush,

the vine, and the pigeon. Some, however, think

that the name of the pigeon is from the bird's note. In

Gippsland, it was called by the natives Wauk-wauk-au,

sc. `that which makes wauk-wauk.'

1827. P. Cunningham, `Two Years in New South Wales,' vol. i.

p. 321:

"We have a large pigeon named the Wanga-wanga, of the size and

appearance of the ringdove, which is exquisite eating also."

1846. J. L. Stokes, `Discoveries in Australia,' vol. i. c. x.

p. 314:

"At Captain King's table I tasted the Wonga-wonga pigeon."

1848. J. Gould, `Birds of Australia,' vol. v. pl. 63:

"Leucosarcia Picata, Wonga-wonga, Aborigines of New

South Wales; White-fleshed and Wonga-wonga Pigeon, Colonists

of New South Wales."

1852. G. C. Mundy, `Our Antipodes' (edition 1855), c. i.

p. 12:

"A delicate wing of the Wonga-wonga pigeon."

1860. G. Bennett, `Gatherings of a Naturalist,' p. 174:

"Nothing can surpass in delicacy the white flesh of the

Wonga-wonga (Leucosarcia picata)."

1881. A. C. Grant, `Bush Life in Queensland,' vol. i. p. 213:

"Hark! there goes a Wonga-wonga, high up in the topmost

branches of the great cedar."

1891. `Guide to Zoological Gardens, Melbourne':

"The Wonga-Wonga (Leucosarcia Picata) is also

represented. This Pigeon, though less bright in plumage than

the last-named, exceeds it in size; both are excellent eating."

<hw>Wonga-wonga Vine</hw>, n. a name for the hardy,

evergreen climber, Tecoma australis, R. Br.,

N.O. Bignoniaceae. There are several varieties, all

distinguished by handsome flowers in terminal panicles. They

are much cultivated in gardens and for ornamental bower-trees.

<hw>Woodhen</hw>, n. a name given to several birds

of New Zealand of the Rail family, and of the genus

Ocydromus; some of them are called by the Maori name

of Weka (q.v.). The species are--

Black Woodhen--

Ocydromus fuscus, Du Bus.; Maori name,

Weka-pango.

Brown W.--

O. earli, Gray.

Buff W.--

O. australis, Gray; called also Weka.

North-Island W.--

O. brachypterus, Buller; called also Weka.

South-Island W.--

Same as Buff W.; see above.

1845. E. J. Wakefield, `Adventures in New Zealand,' vol. ii.

p. 95:

"Two young weka, or wood-hens, about as large as sparrows . . .

were esteemed a valuable addition to our scanty supper."

1889. Vincent Pyke, `Wild Will Enderby,' p. 82:

"We-ka! we-ka! we-ka! Three times the plaintive cry

of the `wood hen `was heard. It was a preconcerted signal."

<hw>Wood-duck</hw>, n. a name given by the colonists of

New South Wales and "Swan River" to the Maned Goose,

Branta jubata, Latham.

1847. L. Leichhardt, `Overland Expedition,' p. 147:

"The wood-duck (Bernicla jubata) abounded on the larger

water-holes."

1848. J. Gould, `Birds of Australia,' vol. vii. pl. 3:

"Bernicla jubata, Maned Goose; Wood-Duck, Colonists of

New South Wales and Swan River."

<hw>Wood Natives</hw>, or <hw>Wood Savages</hw>, obsolete names

for the Australian aborigines.

1817. O'Hara, `History of New South Wales,' p. 161:

". . . robbed by a number of the inland or wood natives . . ."

Ibid. p. 201:

"The combats of the natives near Sydney were sometimes

attended by parties of the inland or wood savages."

<hw>Wooden Pear</hw>, n. a tree peculiar to New South

Wales and Queensland, Xylomelum pyriforme, Smith,

N.O. Proteaceae; called also Native Pear.

1860. G. Bennett, `Gatherings of a Naturalist,' p. 322:

"The Wooden Pear-tree of the colonists (Xylomelum

pyriforme) is peculiar to Australia; its general appearance

is very ornamental, especially when the tree is young;

the flowers grow in clusters in long spikes, but are not

conspicuous. This tree attains the height of from fifteen to

twenty feet, and a circumference of six to eight feet. It is

branchy; the wood is of dark colour, and being prettily marked,

would form an ornamental veneering for the cabinet-maker.

When young, in the Australian bush, this tree bears a close

resemblance to the young Warratah, or Tulip-tree (Telopea

speciosissima)."

1889. J. H. Maiden, `Useful Native Plants,' p. 615:

"Native Pear-Wooden Pear. This moderate-sized tree produces a

dark-coloured, prettily-marked wood. It is occasionally used

for making picture-frames, for ornamental cabinet-work, for

veneers, and walking-sticks. When cut at right-angles to the

medullary rays it has a beautiful, rich, sober marking."

<hw>Woollybutt</hw>, a name given to one of the Gum trees,

Eucalyptus longifolia, Link. See Gum.

1843. James Backhouse, `Narrative of a Visit to the Australian

Colonies,' p. 445 (October 1836.):

"One called here the Woolly Butted Gum seems identical with the

black butted gum of Tasmania."

1894. `Melbourne Museum Catalogue Economic Woods,' p. 28:

"The Woollybutt grown at Illawarra is in very high repute for

wheelwright's work "

<hw>Woolly-headed Grass</hw>, n. an indigenous

Australian grass, Andropogon bombycinus, R. Br.

1889. J. H. Maiden, `Useful Native Plants,' p. 72:

"Woolly-headed Grass, a valuable pasture-grass, highly spoken

of by stock-owners, and said to be very fattening."

<hw>Wool-man</hw>, n. aboriginal mispronunciation of

old man (q.v.).

1830. Robert Dawson, `The Present State of Australia,' p. 139:

"The male kangaroos were called by my natives old men,

`wool-man,' and the females, young ladies, `young liddy.'"

<hw>Wool-shed</hw>, n. the principal building of

a station, at which the shearing and wool-packing is done.

Often called the Shed.

1850. J. B. Clutterbuck, `Port Phillip,' vol. ii. p. 23:

"In some instances the flood has swept away the wool-sheds."

1851. `Australasian' [Quarterly], vol. i. p. 298:

". . . we next visit the `wool-shed,' and find the original

slab-built shed has been swept away, to make room for an

imposing erection of broad-paling . . ."

1873. A. Trollope, `Australia and New Zealand,' vol. i.

p. 126:

"The wool-shed is a large building open on every side, with a

high-pitched roof,--all made of wood and very rough. The sheep

are driven in either at one end or both, or at three sides,

according to the size of the station and the number of sheep to

be shorn. They are then assorted into pens, from which the

shearers take them on to the board;--two, three or four shearers

selecting their sheep from each pen. The floor, on which the

shearers absolutely work, is called `the board.'"

1890. `The Argus,' Aug. 9, p. 4, col. 1:

"You would find them down at Reed's wool-shed now."

<hw>Woomera</hw>, n. an aboriginal name for a

throwing-stick (q.v.); spelt in various ways (seven in

the quotations), according as different writers have tried to

express the sound of the aboriginal word.

1793. Governor Hunter, `Voyage,' p. 407 [in a Vocabulary]:

"Womar--a throwing stick."

1798. D. Collins, `Account of English Colony in New South

Wales,' p. 613:

"Wo-mer-ra--throwing stick."

1814. L. E. Threlkeld, `Australian Grammar' [as spoken on

Hunter's River, etc.], p. 10:

"As a barbarism--wommerru, a weapon."

1830. R. Dawson, `Present State of Australia,' p. 240:

"Pieces of hard iron-bark to represent their war weapon, the

womerah . . . the whirling womerahs."

1839. T. L. Mitchell, `Three Expeditions into the Interior

of Eastern Australia,' vol. ii. p. 342:

"The spear is thrown by means of a wammera, which is

a slight rod, about three feet long, having at one end a niche

to receive the end of a spear."

1847. L. Leichhardt, `Overland Expedition,' p. 492:

"But showed the greatest reluctance in parting with their

throwing-sticks (wommalas)."

185o. J. B. Clutterbuck, `Port Phillip in 1849,' p. 58:

"They employ also, as a warlike weapon, a smaller kind of spear

or javelin, which is discharged by means of a notched stick

called a Woomera; and with this simple artillery I have seen

them strike objects at 150 yards' distance. They also employ

this minor spear in capturing the Bustard."

1863. M. K. Beveridge, `Gatherings among the Gum-trees,'

p. 13:

"Then the Wamba Wamba warriors,

Sprang unto their feet with Tchgrels

Ready fitted to their Womrahs."

Ibid. (In Glossary) pp. 84, 85:

"Tchgrel, reed spear.

Womrah, spear heaver."

1868. J. Bonwick, `John Batman, the Founder of Victoria,'

p. 20:

"Taking with him, therefore, on board the Port Phillip,

presents of spears, wommeras, boomerangs, and stone tomahawks,

he tried to get from the Williamstown waters."

1889. P. Beveridge, `Aborigines of Victoria and Riverina,'

p. 48:

"Spears all ready shipped, that is, having the hook of the

Womerar (throwing-stick) placed in the small cavity made for

that purpose in the end of the spear, with both raised in

readiness for launching at the object."

1892. J. Fraser, `Aborigines of New South Wales,' p. 73:

"The `womara' is an instrument of wood, from twenty-four to

thirty inches long, and a little thicker than a spear. Unlike

the spear, it is not thrown at the enemy in battle, but remains

always in the black man's hand . . . he ornaments it

profusely, back and front. . . . The point is turned up,

exactly like the point of a lady's crochet needle. . . .

The spears have a dimpled hole worked in their butt end, which

hole receives the point of the hook end of the `throw-stick.'"

<hw>Worm-Snake</hw>, n. See under Snake.

<hw>Wrasse</hw>, n. This English name for many fishes is

given, in New Zealand, to Labrichthys bothryocosmus,

Richards. Called also Poddly, Spotty, and

Kelp-fish.

<hw>Wreck-fish</hw>, n. The Australian species is

Polyprion ceruleum, family Percoidae. Guenther says

that the European species has the habit of accompanying

floating wood. Hence the name.

<hw>Wren</hw>, n. This common English bird-name is

assigned in Australia to birds of several genera, viz.--

Banded Wren--

Malurus splendens, Quoy and Gaim.

Black-backed W.--

M. melanotus, Gould.

Blue W.--

M. cyaneus, Lath.

Blue-breasted W.--

M. pulcherrimus, Gould.

Bower's W.--

M. cruentatus, Gould.

Chestnut-rumped Ground W.--

Hylacola pyrrhopygia, Vig. and Hors.

Emu-wren (q.v.)--

Stipiturus malachurus, Lath.

Goyder's Grass W.--

Amytis goyderi, Gould.

Grass W.--

A. textilis, Quoy and Gaim.; called by Gould

the Textile Wren.

Large-tailed Grass W.--

A. macrura, Gould.

Longtailed W.--

Malurus gouldii, Sharpe.

Lovely W.--

M. amabilis, Gould.

Orange-backed W.--

M. melanocephalus, Vig. and Hors.

Purple-crowned W.--

M. coronatus, Gould.

Red-rumped Ground W.--

Hylacola cauta, Gould.

Red-winged W.--

Malurus elegans, Gould.

Silvery Blue W.--

M. cyanochlamys, Gould.

Striated Grass W.--

Amytis striatus, Gould;

called also the Porcupine bird (q.v.).

Turquoise W.--

Malurus callainus, Gould.

Variegated W.--

M. lamberti, Vig. and Hors.

White-backed W.--

M. leuconotus, Gould.

White-winged W.--

M. leucopterus, Quoy and Gaim.