_Gascons_, _see_ Basques.
_Gaul_, Cisalpine, Roman conquest of, 49;
its Roman life, 61, 62;
Teutonic settlements in, 87;
how affected by the Teutonic invasions, 90, 91;
Southern, Romance growth in, 91;
its disunion, 189;
national elements in, 195-197.
_Gauls_, their relation to Rome, 86;
their adoption of the Roman name, 87.
_Gela_, its time of greatness, 25.
_George Maniakês_, his recovery of Syracuse, 135.
_German_, use of the name, 113.
_German Empire_, 153.
_Germans_, their invasions, 77;
their relation to the Empire, ib.
_Germany_, its connexion with the Western Empire, 147;
its disunion, 189;
less divided than Italy, 193;
position of cities in, 200-205.
_Ghibelline theory_, carried out in the East, 159.
_Gibbon_, Edward, extent of his history, 75.
Gothia, name of, 88.
_Goths_, their dealings with the Empire, 77-79;
their settlement in Gaul, 89;
their taking of Rome, 95;
their position in East and West, 99;
their settlement in Gaul and Spain, 123.
Græci, use of the name, 112.
_Gratian_, refuses the Pagan pontificate, 155.
_Greece_, its geographical character, 6;
its historic calling, 7;
its connexion with other Aryan lands, 7, 8;
its influence compared with that of Rome, 8-10;
its position towards the East, 11, 12;
its relations to Rome, 15;
various forms of its influence, 16;
its geographical boundary, 17;
two main periods of its influence, 21, 22;
its decline in the fourth century B.C., 32;
its influence in East and West, 34;
relations of Rome to, after the first Macedonian war, 54, 55;
its influence extended by Rome, 92, 93;
international law in its oldest times, 178;
in Macedonian times, 179;
highest developement of cities in, 186;
survival of Federal systems in, 225;
its position under Trajan, 229.
_Greece_, Greater, 14;
falls away from Greek life, 17;
its most brilliant time, 25.
_Greek_, use of the name, 113;
in the sixth century, 126, 127;
in the thirteenth, 140, 141.
_Greek cities_, their position under the Roman Empire, 239;
gradual extinction of their freedom, 239, 240.
_Greek language_, its history in the Eastern Empire, 115-117.
_Greek nation_, modern, its origin, 16.
_Greek studies_, their value, 9, 10.
_Greeks_, their relations to other nations, 13;
their geographical position, 17, 18;
their relation to Rome, 86;
their adoption of the Roman name, ib.
_Gregory the Great_, his letter to Phocas, 125; 158.
_Gregory the Seventh_, his career and death, 156, 157.