_Cæsar_, his work in Gaul, 61, 65.
_Capitular elections_, their analogy with Greek cities, 228.
_Carthage_, her beginnings, 24;
the rival of Greece, 29;
her wars in Sicily, 30;
her rivalry and first war with Rome, 46, 47;
strife of with Rome for Spain, 48, 49;
her fall and new birth, 54.
_Catalaunian Fields_, battle of, 44.
_Catalogue_, the Homeric, its historic value, 18-20.
_Charles Martel_, his defeat of the Saracens, 134.
_Charles the Great_, effect of his coronation, 104;
nature of his Empire, 106, 107;
successor of Constantine the Sixth, 106;
his position towards the East, 107, 108;
his successors, 130.
_Charles the Fourth_, Emperor, his coronations, 147.
_Charles the Fifth_, last _Imperator_, 138;
his coronation at Bologna, ib.;
real source of his power, 139.
_Charles the Sixth_, Emperor, 152.
_Cherson_, its beginnings, 24;
its relations to Rome, 84;
Roman annexation of, 221-222.
_Chlodowig_, unites the Frankish kingdoms, 189.
_Christianity_, its relation to the Roman power, 67-69;
its special rivalry with Mahometanism, 133.
_Cities_, answer to nations, 177, 178; 183;
contrasted with nations, 186-188;
their chief developement among Southern nations, 186;
difficulty of uniting, 187;
their position in Northern and Southern Gaul, 191, 192;
their history and position in modern Europe, 199-205;
their history in Germany, 200-205;
suppression of, 201-202.
_Civilis_, compared with Buonaparte, 151.
_Clermont_, Council of, 162.
_Colonies_, Greek, 14;
their relation to Macedonian conquests, 16;
their beginnings, 19;
their time of greatness, 23-26;
their extent, 24-26.
Condominium, survival of, 211.
_Conquest_, Roman and Teutonic compared, 85.
_Constance_, Peace of, compared with that of Westfalia, 139.
_Constantine the Great_, his changes at Rome, 74;
his foundation of Constantinople, ib.
_Constantine Palaiologos_, his death, 170;
compared with Leopold the First, 171.
_Constantinople_, its various names, 74;
Christian from the beginning, ib.;
its position compared with that of old Rome, 100-103;
never without a resident Emperor, 101;
its loss in 1204, 139;
its recovery, 142;
Latin Empire at, 145;
its position, 160;
taking of, May 29, 1453, 168-170;
Latin rites in Saint Sophia, 170.
_Convocation_, English, its analogy with Greek cities, 227, 228.
_Crete_, mention of in Homer, 19.
_Crusade_, _First_, 161, 162.
_Crusade_, _Fourth_, 164, 165.
_Cyprus_, rivalry of Greek and Phœnician in, 24;
Empire of, 143;
conquered by Richard, ib.