_Frontispiece._ Terminal bust of Pericles, after an original by
Cresilas. Approximate date, 440-430 B. C. In the British Museum, London.
1. _Bust of Zeus Otricoli._ Considered by Brunn and others a copy from a
head of the statue by Phidias. Later critics do not agree with this
opinion, and Furtw[:a]ngler calls the head a Praxitelean development of the
type of Zeus created in the time of Myron. Now in the Vatican Gallery,
Rome.
2. _Athena Giustiniana_ (_Minerva Medica_). Considered by Furtw[:a]ngler a
copy, after Euphranor, of a statue dedicated below the Capitol, called
Minerva Catuliana, set up by A. Lutatius Catulus. The [ae]gis and sphinx
are copyist's additions. Found in the gardens of the convent of S. Maria
sopra Minerva, Rome. Both arms are restored. Now in the Vatican Gallery,
Rome.
3. _Horsemen from the Parthenon Frieze._ The frieze of the Parthenon is
part of the decorative scheme of the marble temple of Athena, built
during the age of Pericles (480-430 B. C.) on the Acropolis, Athens, and
decorated under the direction of Phidias. The frieze consisted of a
series of panels or slabs, about 3 ft. 4 in. in height, and was set on
the outer wall of the cella. Being lighted from below, the lower portion
is cut in low relief (1-1/4 in.) and the upper parts in high relief
(2-1/4 in.). The panel of the Horsemen is one of the Elgin Marbles,
removed by Lord Elgin from the Parthenon in 1801-1802, and now in the
British Museum, London.
4. _Bust of Hera._ Considered by Murray a copy after Polyclitus.
Regarded by Furtw[:a]ngler as a "Roman creation based on a Praxitelean
model." Catalogued in Hare's "Walks in Rome" as a probable copy after
Alcamenes. In the Ludovisi Villa, Rome.
5. _The Apoxyomenos._. A marble copy of the original bronze statue by
Lysippus, who flourished in the 4th century B. C. According to Pliny the
original was brought from Greece to Rome by Agrippa to adorn the public
baths. This copy was found in 1849 in the Trastevere, Rome, and is now
in the Vatican Gallery.
6. _Head of the Apollo Belvedere._ According to Gardner, a marble copy
(Roman) of a bronze original of the Hellenistic Age (320-100 B. C.).
Some (Winter and Furtw[:a]ngler) have assigned the original to Leochares, a
sculptor of the 4th century, and others to Calamis, in the 5th century.
This copy was found in the 16th century at Antium, and was purchased by
Pope Julius II. for the Belvedere Palace. Now in the Vatican Gallery,
Rome.
7. _Demeter_ (_Ceres_) Considered by Furtw[:a]ngler a copy from an original
by Agoracritus, who was a pupil of Phidias, and whose works are closely
allied to those of Alcamenes. By the same authority the statue is called
the Nemesis. In the Vatican Gallery, Rome.
8. _The Faun of Praxiteles._ A copy of the original statue by
Praxiteles, which was in the street of the Tripods, Athens. In the
Capitol Museum, Rome.
9. _Sophocles._ Referred to by Collignon as a faithful copy of the
bronze statue raised by Lycurgus. Found at Terracina in 1838, and now in
the Lateran Museum, Rome.
10. _Ares Seated._ Considered by Furtw[:a]ngler and others a copy on a
reduced scale of a colossal statue by Scopas. The little god Eros is the
copyist's addition. Found in the portico of Octavia, and restored by
Bernini. Now in the Ludovisi Villa, Rome.
11. _Head of the Olympian Hermes._ An undisputed original work of
Praxiteles, dating from the middle of the 4th century B. C. It was in
the Her[ae]um (or Temple of Hera) at Olympia, and was discovered by German
excavators, May 8, 1877. Now in the museum at Olympia, Greece.
12. _The Discobolus_, a copy from an original by Myron, one of the last
masters of the "severe style," whose career culminated 465-450 B. C. In
the Lancelotti Palace, Rome.
13. _The Aphrodite of Melos (The Venus of Milo)._ Formerly attributed to
the period of transition between Phidias and Praxiteles, but assigned by
late critics to the Hellenistic Age (320-100 B. C.). Believed by
Furtw[:a]ngler to be based on a work by Scopas, with considerable
modification of the original. Found in 1820 on the island of Melos at
the entrance of the Greek Archipelago. Purchased by the French
government for 6000 francs, and now in the Louvre, Paris.
14. _Orpheus and Eurydice._ One of several copies of an original
bas-relief referred by Collignon to the second half of 5th century B. C.
In the Albani Villa, Rome.
15. _Nike (The Winged Victory)._ A marble statue believed to have been
set up by Demetrius Poliorcetes to celebrate a naval victory in 306 B.
C. Found in 1863 by the French consul on the island of Samothrace. Now
in the Louvre, Paris.
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