HOSPITAL SKETCHES.
THOREAU'S FLUTE.
We sighing said, "Our Pan is dead;
His pipe hangs mute beside the river
Around it wistful sunbeams quiver,
But Music's airy voice is fled.
Spring mourns as for untimely frost;
The bluebird chants a requiem;
The willow-blossom waits for him;--
The Genius of the wood is lost."
Then from the flute, untouched by hands,
There came a low, harmonious breath:
"For such as he there is no death;--
His life the eternal life commands;
Above man's aims his nature rose.
The wisdom of a just content
Made one small spot a continent,
And tuned to poetry life's prose.
"Haunting the hills, the stream, the wild,
Swallow and aster, lake and pine,
To him grew human or divine,--
Fit mates for this large-hearted child.
Such homage Nature ne'er forgets,
And yearly on the coverlid
'Neath which her darling lieth hid
Will write his name in violets.
"To him no vain regrets belong
Whose soul, that finer instrument,
Gave to the world no poor lament,
But wood-notes ever sweet and strong.
O lonely friend! he still will be
A potent presence, though unseen,--
Steadfast, sagacious, and serene;
Seek not for him--he is with thee."
Miss Alcott could not help feeling deeply the excitement of the hour
when the war broke out. Her father had been one of the earliest
Abolitionists, having joined the Antislavery Society with Garrison,
and she well remembered the fugitive slave whom her mother had hidden
in the oven. Now this feeling could be united with her patriotic zeal
and her strong love of active life, and it was inevitable that she
should long to share personally in the dangers and excitement of the
war.
Louisa had always been the nurse in the family, and had by nature the
magnetic power which encourages and helps the feeble and suffering;
therefore, since no other way of serving the cause opened to her, it
was most like her to take her own life in her hands and join the corps
of devoted nurses. She was accepted, and went to Washington. Her
journal gives an account of her situation in the Union Hospital at
Georgetown. It was a small hospital, much inferior in its appointments
to those which were afterward arranged. Although Louisa had never been
very ill up to that time, and thought herself exceptionally strong,
yet she had not the rugged constitution fit to bear the labors and
exposures of such a position; and the healthful habits of outdoor life
and simple food to which she had always been accustomed made the
conditions of the crowded, ill-ventilated hospital peculiarly perilous
to her. She says, "I was never ill before this time, and never well
afterward."
But with all its hardships, Miss Alcott found in the hospital the
varied and intense human life she had longed to know. Her great heart
went out to all the men, black or white, the Virginia blacksmith and
the rough Michigander. She even tried to befriend the one solitary
rebel who had got left behind, and who was taken into the hospital to
the disgust of some of the men; but he was impervious to all kindness,
and she could find nothing in him for sympathy or romance to fasten
upon.
Miss Alcott remained in the hospital only about six weeks. Yet this
short period had a very strong influence, both for good and evil, on
her future life. The severe attack of fever which drove her from her
post left her with shattered nerves and weakened constitution, and she
never again knew the fulness of life and health which she had before.
The chamber in her quiet home at Concord was evermore haunted by the
fearful visions of delirium, and she could not regain there the peace
she needed for work. But the experience of life, the observation of
men under the excitement of war, the way in which they met the great
conqueror Death, the revelations of heroism and love, and sometimes of
bitterness and hate, brought her a deeper insight into human life than
she ever had before, and gave to her writings greater reality.
Louisa constantly wrote to the family of her experiences, and these
letters were so interesting that she was persuaded to publish them in
the "Commonwealth" newspaper. They attracted great attention, and
first made her widely and favorably known to a higher public than that
which had read her stories.
These letters were published by James Redpath in book form, and Miss
Alcott received $200 for the book,--a welcome sum to her at that time.
The sketches are almost a literal reproduction of her letters to her
family; but as they have been so extensively read, and are accessible
to every one, I shall give in preference to them extracts from her
journal kept at the hospital. Other stories growing out of her
experience in the hospital, or more remotely connected with it, have
been published in the same volume in later editions. "My Contraband"
is one of the most dramatic and powerful stories she ever wrote. She
portrays the intensity of hatred in a noble nature,--hatred justified
by the provocation, and yet restrained from fatal execution by the
highest suggestions of religion. This story called forth a letter of
commendation and frank criticism from Col. T. W. Higginson, which was
very encouraging to the young writer.
The beautiful lines on Thoreau's flute, the most perfect of her poems,
excepting the exquisite tribute to her mother, were first composed in
the watches of the night in the hospital, and afterwards recalled
during the tedious days of convalescence at Concord. This poem was
printed in the "Atlantic," and brought her a welcome ten-dollar bill.
"Hospital Sketches" were hastily written, and with little regard to
literary execution, but they are fresh and original, and, still more,
they are true, and they appeared at just the time the public wanted
them. Every heart was longing to hear not only from field and camp,
but from the hospitals, where sons and brothers were tenderly cared
for. The generous, hopeful spirit with which Miss Alcott entered into
the work was recognized as that which animated the brave corps of
women who answered so promptly to their country's call, and every
loyal and loving heart vibrated in unison with the strings she touched
so skilfully.
_Journal kept at the Hospital, Georgetown, D. C., 1862._
_November._--Thirty years old. Decided to go to Washington as
nurse if I could find a place. Help needed, and I love nursing,
and _must_ let out my pent-up energy in some new way. Winter is
always a hard and a dull time, and if I am away there is one less
to feed and warm and worry over.
I want new experiences, and am sure to get 'em if I go. So I've
sent in my name, and bide my time writing tales, to leave all
snug behind me, and mending up my old clothes,--for nurses don't
need nice things, thank Heaven!
_December._--On the 11th I received a note from Miss H. M.
Stevenson telling me to start for Georgetown next day to fill a
place in the Union Hotel Hospital. Mrs. Ropes of Boston was
matron, and Miss Kendall of Plymouth was a nurse there, and
though a hard place, help was needed. I was ready, and when my
commander said "March!" I marched. Packed my trunk, and reported
in B. that same evening.
[Illustration: _From a photograph of Miss Alcott taken about
1862._]
We had all been full of courage till the last moment came; then
we all broke down. I realized that I had taken my life in my
hand, and might never see them all again. I said, "Shall I stay,
Mother?" as I hugged her close. "No, go! and the Lord be with
you!" answered the Spartan woman; and till I turned the corner
she bravely smiled and waved her wet handkerchief on the
door-step. Shall I ever see that dear old face again?
So I set forth in the December twilight, with May and Julian
Hawthorne as escort, feeling as if I was the son of the house
going to war.
Friday, the 12th, was a very memorable day, spent in running all
over Boston to get my pass, etc., calling for parcels, getting a
tooth filled, and buying a veil,--my only purchase. A. C. gave me
some old clothes; the dear Sewalls money for myself and boys,
lots of love and help; and at 5 P.M., saying "good-by" to a group
of tearful faces at the station, I started on my long journey,
full of hope and sorrow, courage and plans.
A most interesting journey into a new world full of stirring
sights and sounds, new adventures, and an ever-growing sense of
the great task I had undertaken.
I said my prayers as I went rushing through the country white
with tents, all alive with patriotism, and already red with
blood.
A solemn time, but I'm glad to live in it; and am sure it will do
me good whether I come out alive or dead.
All went well, and I got to Georgetown one evening very tired.
Was kindly welcomed, slept in my narrow bed with two other
room-mates, and on the morrow began my new life by seeing a poor
man die at dawn, and sitting all day between a boy with pneumonia
and a man shot through the lungs. A strange day, but I did my
best; and when I put mother's little black shawl round the boy
while he sat up panting for breath, he smiled and said, "You are
real motherly, ma'am." I felt as if I was getting on. The man
only lay and stared with his big black eyes, and made me very
nervous. But all were well behaved; and I sat looking at the
twenty strong faces as they looked back at me,--the only new
thing they had to amuse them,--hoping that I looked "motherly" to
them; for my thirty years made me feel old, and the suffering
round me made me long to comfort every one.
_January, 1863. Union Hotel Hospital, Georgetown, D. C._--I never
began the year in a stranger place than this: five hundred miles
from home, alone, among strangers, doing painful duties all day
long, and leading a life of constant excitement in this great
house, surrounded by three or four hundred men in all stages of
suffering, disease, and death. Though often homesick, heartsick,
and worn out, I like it, find real pleasure in comforting,
tending, and cheering these poor souls who seem to love me, to
feel my sympathy though unspoken, and acknowledge my hearty
good-will, in spite of the ignorance, awkwardness, and
bashfulness which I cannot help showing in so new and trying a
situation. The men are docile, respectful, and affectionate, with
but few exceptions; truly lovable and manly many of them. John
Sulie, a Virginia blacksmith, is the prince of patients; and
though what we call a common man in education and condition, to
me is all I could expect or ask from the first gentleman in the
land. Under his plain speech and unpolished manner I seem to see
a noble character, a heart as warm and tender as a woman's, a
nature fresh and frank as any child's. He is about thirty, I
think, tall and handsome, mortally wounded, and dying royally
without reproach, repining, or remorse. Mrs. Ropes and myself
love him, and feel indignant that such a man should be so early
lost; for though he might never distinguish himself before the
world, his influence and example cannot be without effect, for
real goodness is never wasted.
_Monday, 4th._--I shall record the events of a day as a sample of
the days I spend:--
Up at six, dress by gaslight, run through my ward and throw up
the windows, though the men grumble and shiver; but the air is
bad enough to breed a pestilence; and as no notice is taken of
our frequent appeals for better ventilation, I must do what I
can. Poke up the fire, add blankets, joke, coax, and command; but
continue to open doors and windows as if life depended upon it.
Mine does, and doubtless many another, for a more perfect
pestilence-box than this house I never saw,--cold, damp, dirty,
full of vile odors from wounds, kitchens, wash-rooms, and
stables. No competent head, male or female, to right matters, and
a jumble of good, bad, and indifferent nurses, surgeons, and
attendants, to complicate the chaos still more.
After this unwelcome progress through my stifling ward, I go to
breakfast with what appetite I may; find the uninvitable fried
beef, salt butter, husky bread, and washy coffee; listen to the
clack of eight women and a dozen men,--the first silly, stupid,
or possessed of one idea; the last absorbed with their breakfast
and themselves to a degree that is both ludicrous and provoking,
for all the dishes are ordered down the table _full_ and returned
_empty_; the conversation is entirely among themselves, and each
announces his opinion with an air of importance that frequently
causes me to choke in my cup, or bolt my meals with undignified
speed lest a laugh betray to these famous beings that a "chiel's
amang them takin' notes."
Till noon I trot, trot, giving out rations, cutting up food for
helpless "boys," washing faces, teaching my attendants how beds
are made or floors are swept, dressing wounds, taking Dr. F. P.'s
orders (privately wishing all the time that he would be more
gentle with my big babies), dusting tables, sewing bandages,
keeping my tray tidy, rushing up and down after pillows,
bed-linen, sponges, books, and directions, till it seems as if I
would joyfully pay down all I possess for fifteen minutes' rest.
At twelve the big bell rings, and up comes dinner for the boys,
who are always ready for it and never entirely satisfied. Soup,
meat, potatoes, and bread is the bill of fare. Charley Thayer,
the attendant, travels up and down the room serving out the
rations, saving little for himself, yet always thoughtful of his
mates, and patient as a woman with their helplessness. When
dinner is over, some sleep, many read, and others want letters
written. This I like to do, for they put in such odd things, and
express their ideas so comically, I have great fun interiorally,
while as grave as possible exteriorally. A few of the men word
their paragraphs well and make excellent letters. John's was the
best of all I wrote. The answering of letters from friends after
some one had died is the saddest and hardest duty a nurse has to
do.
Supper at five sets every one to running that can run; and when
that flurry is over, all settle down for the evening amusements,
which consist of newspapers, gossip, the doctor's last round,
and, for such as need them, the final doses for the night. At
nine the bell rings, gas is turned down, and day nurses go to
bed. Night nurses go on duty, and sleep and death have the house
to themselves.
My work is changed to night watching, or half night and half
day,--from twelve to twelve. I like it, as it leaves me time for
a morning run, which is what I need to keep well; for bad air,
food, and water, work and watching, are getting to be too much
for me. I trot up and down the streets in all directions,
sometimes to the Heights, then half way to Washington, again to
the hill, over which the long trains of army wagons are
constantly vanishing and ambulances appearing. That way the
fighting lies, and I long to follow.
Ordered to keep my room, being threatened with pneumonia. Sharp
pain in the side, cough, fever, and dizziness. A pleasant
prospect for a lonely soul five hundred miles from home! Sit and
sew on the boys' clothes, write letters, sleep, and read; try to
talk and keep merry, but fail decidedly, as day after day goes,
and I feel no better. Dream awfully, and wake unrefreshed, think
of home, and wonder if I am to die here, as Mrs. R., the matron,
is likely to do. Feel too miserable to care much what becomes of
me. Dr. S. creaks up twice a day to feel my pulse, give me doses,
and ask if I am at all consumptive, or some other cheering
question. Dr. O. examines my lungs and looks sober. Dr. J. haunts
the room, coming by day and night with wood, cologne, books, and
messes, like a motherly little man as he is. Nurses fussy and
anxious, matron dying, and everything very gloomy. They want me
to go home, but I _won't_ yet.
_January 16th._--Was amazed to see Father enter the room that
morning, having been telegraphed to by order of Mrs. R. without
asking leave. I was very angry at first, though glad to see him,
because I knew I should have to go. Mrs. D. and Miss Dix came,
and pretty Miss W., to take me to Willard's to be cared for by
them. I wouldn't go, preferring to keep still, being pretty ill
by that time.
On the 21st I suddenly decided to go home, feeling very
strangely, and dreading to be worse. Mrs. R. died, and that
frightened the doctors about me; for my trouble was the
same,--typhoid pneumonia. Father, Miss K., and Lizzie T. went
with me. Miss Dix brought a basket full of bottles of wine, tea,
medicine, and cologne, besides a little blanket and pillow, a
fan, and a testament. She is a kind old soul, but very queer and
arbitrary.
Was very sorry to go, and "my boys" seemed sorry to have me.
Quite a flock came to see me off; but I was too sick to have but
a dim idea of what was going on.
Had a strange, excited journey of a day and night,--half asleep,
half wandering, just conscious that I was going home; and, when I
got to Boston, of being taken out of the car, with people looking
on as if I was a sight. I daresay I was all blowzed, crazy, and
weak. Was too sick to reach Concord that night, though we tried
to do so. Spent it at Mr. Sewall's; had a sort of fit; they sent
for Dr. H., and I had a dreadful time of it.
Next morning felt better, and at four went home. Just remember
seeing May's shocked face at the depot, Mother's bewildered one
at home, and getting to bed in the firm belief that the house was
roofless, and no one wanted to see me.
As I never shall forget the strange fancies that haunted me, I
shall amuse myself with recording some of them.
The most vivid and enduring was the conviction that I had married
a stout, handsome Spaniard, dressed in black velvet, with very
soft hands, and a voice that was continually saying, "Lie still,
my dear!" This was Mother, I suspect; but with all the comfort I
often found in her presence, there was blended an awful fear of
the Spanish spouse who was always coming after me, appearing out
of closets, in at windows, or threatening me dreadfully all night
long. I appealed to the Pope, and really got up and made a
touching plea in something meant for Latin, they tell me. Once I
went to heaven, and found it a twilight place, with people
darting through the air in a queer way,--all very busy, and
dismal, and ordinary. Miss Dix, W. H. Channing, and other people
were there; but I thought it dark and "slow," and wished I hadn't
come.
A mob at Baltimore breaking down the door to get me, being hung
for a witch, burned, stoned, and otherwise maltreated, were some
of my fancies. Also being tempted to join Dr. W. and two of the
nurses in worshipping the Devil. Also tending millions of rich
men who never died or got well.
_February._--Recovered my senses after three weeks of delirium,
and was told I had had a very bad typhoid fever, had nearly died,
and was still very sick. All of which seemed rather curious, for
I remembered nothing of it. Found a queer, thin, big-eyed face
when I looked in the glass; didn't know myself at all; and when I
tried to walk discovered that I couldn't, and cried because my
legs wouldn't go.
Never having been sick before, it was all new and very
interesting when I got quiet enough to understand matters. Such
long, long nights; such feeble, idle days; dozing, fretting about
nothing; longing to eat, and no mouth to do it with,--mine being
so sore, and full of all manner of queer sensations, it was
nothing but a plague. The old fancies still lingered, seeming so
real I believed in them, and deluded Mother and May with the most
absurd stories, so soberly told that they thought them true.
Dr. B. came every day, and was very kind. Father and Mother were
with me night and day, and May sang "Birks of Aberfeldie," or
read to me, to wile away the tiresome hours. People sent
letters, money, kind inquiries, and goodies for the old "Nuss." I
tried to sew, read, and write, and found I had to begin all over
again. Received $10 for my labors in Washington. Had all my hair,
a yard and a half long, cut off, and went into caps like a
grandma. Felt badly about losing my one beauty. Never mind, it
might have been my head, and a wig outside is better than a loss
of wits inside.
_March._--Began to get about a little, sitting up nearly all day,
eating more regularly, and falling back into my old ways. My
first job was characteristic: I cleared out my piece-bags and
dusted my books, feeling as tired as if I had cleaned the whole
house. Sat up till nine one night, and took no lunch at three
A.M.,--two facts which I find carefully recorded in my pocket
diary in my own shaky handwriting.
Father had two courses of conversations: one at Mr. Quincy's,
very select and fine; the other at a hall not so good. He was
tired out with taking care of me, poor old gentleman; and typhus
was not inspiring.
Read a great deal, being too feeble to do much else. No end of
rubbish, with a few good things as ballast. "Titan" was the one I
enjoyed the most, though it tired my weak wits to read much at a
time. Recalled, and wrote some lines on "Thoreau's Flute," which
I composed one night on my watch by little Shaw at the hospital.
On the 28th Father came home from Boston, bringing word that Nan
had a fine boy. We all screamed out when he burst in, snowy and
beaming; then Mother began to cry, May to laugh, and I to say,
like B. Trotwood, "There, I knew it wouldn't be a girl!" We were
all so glad it was safely over, and a jolly little lad was added
to the feminine family.
Mother went straight down to be sure that "mother and child were
doing well," and I fell to cleaning house, as good work for an
invalid and a vent for a happy aunt.
_First Birth in the Alcott and Pratt Branch, 1863._
MONDAY EVE.
DEAREST LITTLE MOTHER,--Allow me to ask who was a true prophet.
Also to demand, "Where is my niece, Louisa Caroline?"
No matter, I will forgive you, and propose three cheers for my
_nephew_. Hurrah! hurrah! Hurray!
I wish you could have seen the performance on Saturday evening.
We were all sitting deep in a novel, not expecting Father home
owing to the snowstorm, when the door burst open, and in he came,
all wet and white, waving his bag, and calling out, "Good news!
good news! Anna has a fine boy!"
With one accord we opened our mouths and screamed for about two
minutes. Then Mother began to cry; I began to laugh; and May to
pour out questions; while Papa beamed upon us all,--red, damp,
and shiny, the picture of a proud old Grandpa. Such a funny
evening as we had! Mother kept breaking down, and each time
emerged from her handkerchief saying solemnly, "I must go right
down and see that baby!" Father had told every one he met, from
Mr. Emerson to the coach driver, and went about the house saying,
"Anna's boy! yes, yes, Anna's boy!" in a mild state of
satisfaction.
May and I at once taxed our brains for a name, and decided upon
"Amos Minot Bridge Bronson May Sewall Alcott Pratt," so that all
the families would be suited.
I was so anxious to hear more that I went up to town this A.M.
and found John's note.
Grandma and Grandpa Pratt came to hear the great news; but we
could only inform them of the one tremendous fact, that Pratt,
Jr., had condescended to arrive. Now tell us his weight, inches,
color, etc.
I know I shall fall down and adore when I see that mite; yet my
soul is rent when I think of the _L. C._ on the pincushion, and
all the plans I had made for "my niece."
Now get up quickly, and be a happy mamma. Of course John does
_not_ consider his son as _the_ most amazing product of the
nineteenth century.
Bless the baby!
Ever your admiring LU.
_April._--Had some pleasant walks and drives, and felt as if born
again, everything seemed so beautiful and new. I hope I was, and
that the Washington experience may do me lasting good. To go very
near to death teaches one to value life, and this winter will
always be a very memorable one to me.
Sewed on little shirts and gowns for my blessed nephew, who
increased rapidly in stature and godliness.
Sanborn asked me to do what Conway suggested before he left for
Europe; viz., to arrange my letters in a printable shape, and put
them in the "Commonwealth." They thought them witty and pathetic.
I didn't; but I wanted money; so I made three hospital sketches.
Much to my surprise, they made a great hit; and people bought the
papers faster than they could be supplied. The second, "A Night"
was much liked, and I was glad; for my beautiful "John Sulie" was
the hero, and the praise belonged to him. More were wanted; and I
added a postscript in the form of a letter, which finished it
up, as I then thought.
Received $100 from F. L. for a tale which won the prize last
January; paid debts, and was glad that my winter bore visible
fruit. Sent L. another tale. Went to Boston, and saw "our baby;"
thought him ugly, but promising. Got a set of furniture for my
room,--a long-talked-of dream of ours.
_May._--Spent the first week or two in putting the house in
order. May painted and papered the parlors. I got a new carpet
and rug besides the paper, and put things to rights in a thorough
manner. Mother was away with Nan, so we had full sweep; and she
came home to a clean, fresh house.
Nan and the Royal Infanta came as bright as a whole gross of
buttons, and as good as a hairless brown angel. Went to
Readville, and saw the 54th Colored Regiment, both there and next
day in town as they left for the South. Enjoyed it very much;
also the Antislavery meetings.
Had a fresh feather in my cap; for Mrs. Hawthorne showed Fields
"Thoreau's Flute," and he desired it for the "Atlantic." Of
course I didn't say no. It was printed, copied, praised, and
glorified; also _paid for_, and being a mercenary creature, I
liked the $10 nearly as well as the honor of being "a new star"
and "a literary celebrity."
_June._--Began to write again on "Moods," feeling encouraged by
the commendation bestowed on "Hospital Sketches," which were
noticed, talked of, and inquired about, much to my surprise and
delight. Had a fine letter from Henry James, also one from
Wasson, and a request from Redpath to be allowed to print the
sketches in a book. _Roberts Bros. also asked, but I preferred
the _Redpath_, and said yes; so he fell to work with all his
might.
Went to Class Day for the first time; had a pleasant day seeing
new sights and old friends.
G. H. came to the H.'s. Didn't like her as well as Miss H.; too
sharp and full of herself; insisted on talking about religion
with Emerson, who glided away from the subject so sweetly, yet
resolutely, that the energetic lady gave it up at last.
[1877.--Short-sighted Louisa! Little did you dream that this same
Roberts Bros. were to help you to make your fortune a few years
later. The "Sketches" never made much money, but showed me "my
style," and taking the hint, I went where glory waited me.--L. M.
A.]
_July._--Sanborn asked for more contributions, and I gave him
some of my old Mountain Letters vamped up. They were not good,
and though they sold the paper, I was heartily ashamed of them,
and stopped in the middle, resolving never again to try to be
funny, lest I should be rowdy and nothing more. I'm glad of the
lesson, and hope it will do me good.
Had some pleasant letters from Sergeant Bain,--one of my boys who
has not forgotten me, though safely at home far away in Michigan.
It gratified me very much, and brought back the hospital days
again. He was a merry, brave little fellow, and I liked him very
much. His right arm was amputated after Fredericksburg, and he
took it very cheerfully, trying at once to train his left hand to
do duty for both, and never complained of his loss. "Baby B."
_August._--Redpath carried on the publishing of the "Sketches"
vigorously, sending letters, proof, and notices daily, and making
all manner of offers, suggestions, and prophecies concerning the
success of the book and its author.
Wrote a story, "My Contraband," and sent it to Fields, who
accepted and paid $50 for it, with much approbation for it and
the "Sketches." L. sent $40 for a story, and wanted another.
Major M. invited me to Gloucester; but I refused, being too busy
and too bashful to be made a lion of, even in a very small way.
Letters from Dr. Hyde, Wilkie (home with a wound from Wagner),
Charles Sumner, Mr. Hale, and others,--all about the little
"Sketches," which keep on making friends for me, though I don't
get used to the thing at all, and think it must be all a mistake.
On the 25th my first morning-glory bloomed in my room,--a hopeful
blue,--and at night up came my book in its new dress. I had added
several chapters to it, and it was quite a neat little affair. An
edition of one thousand, and I to have five cents on each copy.
_September._--Redpath anxious for another book. Send him a volume
of stories and part of a book to look at. He likes both; but I
decide on waiting a little, as I'm not satisfied with the
stories, and the novel needs time. "Sketches" sell well, and a
new edition is called for.
Dear old Grandma died at Aunt Betsey's in her eighty-ninth
year,--a good woman, and much beloved by her children. I sent
money to help lay her away; for Aunt B. is poor, and it was all I
could do for the kind little old lady.
Nan and Freddy made us a visit, and we decided that of all
splendid babies he was the king. Such a hearty, happy, funny boy,
I could only play with and adore him all the while he stayed, and
long for him when he went. Nan and John are very fond of "our
son," and well they may be. Grandma and Grandpa think him
perfect, and even artistic Aunty May condescends to say he is "a
very nice thing."
"My Contraband; or, The Brothers," my story in the "Atlantic,"
came out, and was liked. Received $40 from Redpath for
"Sketches,"--first edition; wanted me to be editor of a paper;
was afraid to try, and let it go.
Poor old "Moods" came out for another touching up.
_October._--Thought much about going to Port Royal to teach
contrabands. Fields wanted the letters I should write, and asked
if I had no book. Father spoke of "Moods," and he desired to see
it. So I fell to work, and finished it off, thinking the world
must be coming to an end, and all my dreams getting fulfilled in
a most amazing way. If there was ever an astonished young woman,
it is myself; for things have gone on so swimmingly of late I
don't know who I am. A year ago I had no publisher, and went
begging with my wares; now _three_ have asked me for something,
several papers are ready to print my contributions, and F. B. S.
says "any publisher this side of Baltimore would be glad to get a
book." There is a sudden hoist for a meek and lowly scribbler,
who was told to "stick to her teaching," and never had a literary
friend to lend a helping hand! Fifteen years of hard grubbing may
be coming to something after all; and I may yet "pay all the
debts, fix the house, send May to Italy, and keep the old folks
cosey," as I've said I would so long, yet so hopelessly.
May began to take anatomical drawing lessons of Rimmer. I was
very glad to be able to pay her expenses up and down and clothe
her neatly. Twenty dollars more from Redpath on account.
_December._--Earnings 1863, $380.
The principal event of this otherwise quiet month was the
Sanitary Fair in Boston, and our part in it. At G. G. B.'s
request, I dramatized six scenes from Dickens, and went to town
on the 14th to play. Things did not go well for want of a good
manager and more time. Our night was not at all satisfactory to
us, owing to the falling through of several scenes for want of
actors. People seemed to like what there was of it, and after a
wearisome week I very gladly came home again. Our six
entertainments made twenty-five hundred dollars for the Fair.
Rewrote the fairy tales, one of which was published; but owing to
delays it was late for the holidays, and badly bound in the
hurry; so the poor "Rose Family" fared badly.
Had a letter from the publisher of a new magazine, called the
"Civil Service Magazine," asking for a long tale. Had no time to
write one; but will by and by, if the thing is good.
While in town received $10 of F. B. S. and $20 of Redpath, with
which I bought May hat, boots, gloves, ribbons, and other little
matters, besides furnishing money for her fares up and down to
Rimmer.
_January, 1864._--New Year's Day was a very quiet one. Nan and
Freddy were here, and in the evening we went to a dance at the
hall. A merry time; for all the town was there, as it was for the
Soldiers' Aid Society, and every one wanted to help. Nan and I
sat in the gallery, and watched the young people dance the old
year out, the new year in as the clock struck twelve.
On looking over my accounts, I find I have earned by my _writing_
alone nearly _six hundred dollars_ since last January, and spent
less than a hundred for myself, which I am glad to know. May has
had $70 for herself, and the rest has paid debts or bought
necessary things for the family.
Received from the "Commonwealth" $18 for "A Hospital Christmas."
Wrote a fairy tale, "Fairy Pinafores." "Picket Duty" and other
tales came out,--first of Redpath's series of books for the "Camp
Fires." Richardson sent again for a long story for the "Civil
Service Magazine." Tried a war story, but couldn't make it go.
_February._--Nan quite sick again. Mother passed most of the
month with her; so I had to be housekeeper, and let my writing
go,--as well perhaps, as my wits are tired, and the "divine
afflatus" don't descend as readily as it used to do. Must wait
and fill up my idea-box before I begin again. There is nothing
like work to set fancy a-going.
Redpath came flying up on the 4th to get "Moods," promising to
have it out by May. Gave it to him with many fears, and he
departed content. The next day received a telegram to come down
at once and see the printers. Went, and was told the story was
too long for a single volume, and a two-volume novel was bad to
begin with. Would I cut the book down about half? No, I wouldn't,
having already shortened it all it would bear. So I took my
"opus" and posted home again, promising to try and finish my
shorter book in a month.
A dull, heavy month, grubbing in the kitchen, sewing, cleaning
house, and trying to like my duty.
Mrs. S. takes a great fancy to May; sends her flowers, offers to
pay for her to go to the new Art School, and arranges everything
delightfully for her. She is a fortunate girl, and always finds
some one to help her as she wants to be helped. Wish I could do
the same, but suppose as I never do that it is best for me to
work and wait and do all for myself.
Mr. Storrs, D.D., wrote for a sketch for his little paper, "The
Drum Beat," to be printed during the Brooklyn Sanitary Fair. A
very cordial, pleasant letter, which I answered by a little
sketch called "A Hospital Lamp." He sent me another friendly
letter, and all the daily papers as they came out. A very
gentlemanly D.D. is Dr. Storrs.
The "Hospital Sketches" were fully entitled to their wide and rapid
popularity; and for the first time perhaps Miss Alcott felt sure of
her vocation, and knew that it would bring at last the success which
would enable her to carry out her plans for the family. And yet the
battle was not over. She gained in reputation, was received with great
attention in society, and lionized more than she cared for. But she
still continued writing stories for the various papers at very low
prices. Some of them were refused by the publishers, as she thinks, on
account of the Antislavery sentiments expressed in them. Her "blood
and thunder" stories continued in demand, and she wrote them rapidly,
and was glad of the money they brought. But she had not yet found her
true path, and she suffered at times from keen depression of spirits;
for the way seemed long and dark, and she did not see the end. In more
than one sense she struggled with Moods; for that unhappy book was
still tossed from publisher to publisher, who gave her much praise,
but no satisfaction.
_Journal._
A busy month getting settled. Freddy's birthday on the 28th, one
year old. He had a dozen nice little presents laid out in a row
when he came down to breakfast, and seemed quite overpowered with
his riches. On being told to take what he liked best, he chose
the picture of little Samuel which Father gave him, and the good
pope was much delighted at that.
Was asked for a poem for the great album at the St. Louis Fair,
and sent "Thoreau's Flute" as my best. Also received a letter
from the Philadelphia managers asking contributions for the paper
to be printed at their Fair.
Wrote nothing this month.
_April._--At Father's request I sent "Moods" to T., and got a
very friendly note from him, saying they had so many books on
hand that they could do nothing about it now. So I put it back on
the shelf, and set about my other work. Don't despair, "Moods,"
we'll try again by and by!
[Alas! we did try again.--L. M. A.]
Wrote the first part of a story for Professor C. called "Love and
Loyalty,"--flat, patriotic, and done to order. Wrote a new fairy
tale, "Nelly's Hospital."
_May._--Had a letter from Mrs. Gildersleeve, asking for my
photograph and a sketch of my life, for a book called "Heroic
Women" which she was getting up. Respectfully refused. Also a
letter and flattering notice from "Ruth Hall," and a notice from
a Chicago critic with a long extract from "Rose Family." My tale
"Enigmas" came out, and was much liked by readers of sensation
rubbish. Having got my $50, I was resigned.
_June._--To town with Father on the 3d to a Fraternity Festival
to which we were invited. Had a fine time, and was amazed to find
my "'umble" self made a lion of, set up among the great ones,
stared at, waited upon, complimented, and made to hold a "layvee"
whether I would or no; for Mr. S. kept bringing up people to be
introduced till I was tired of shaking hands and hearing the
words "Hospital Sketches" uttered in every tone of interest,
admiration, and respect. Mr. Wasson, Whipple, Alger, Clarke,
Calthrop, and Chadwick came to speak to me, and many more whose
names I forget. It was a very pleasant surprise and a new
experience. I liked it, but think a small dose quite as much as
is good for me; for after sitting in a corner and grubbing _à la_
Cinderella, it rather turns one's head to be taken out and be
treated like a princess all of a sudden.
_August._--Went to Gloucester for a fortnight with May at the
M.'s. Found a family of six pretty daughters, a pleasant mother,
and a father who was an image of one of the Cheeryble brothers.
Had a jolly time boating, driving, charading, dancing, and
picnicking. One mild moonlight night a party of us camped out on
Norman's Woe, and had a splendid time, lying on the rocks
singing, talking, sleeping, and rioting up and down. Had a fine
time, and took coffee at all hours. The moon rose and set
beautifully, and the sunrise was a picture I never shall forget.
Wrote another fairy tale, "Jamie's Wonder Book," and sent the
"Christmas Stories" to W. & W., with some lovely illustrations by
Miss Greene. They liked the book very much, and said they would
consult about publishing it, though their hands were full.
_September._--Mrs. D. made a visit, and getting hold of my old
book of stories liked them, and insisted on taking "Moods" home
to read. As she had had experience with publishers, was a good
business woman, and an excellent critic, I let her have it,
hoping she might be able to give the poor old book the lift it
has been waiting for all these years. She took it, read it, and
admired it heartily, saying that "no American author had showed
so much promise; that the plan was admirable; the execution
unequal, but often magnificent; that I had a great field before
me, and my book must be got out."
Mrs. D. sent it to L., who liked it exceedingly, and asked me to
shorten it if I could, else it would be too large to sell well.
Was much disappointed, said I'd never touch it again, and tossed
it into the spidery little cupboard where it had so often
returned after fruitless trips.
At last, in the excited hours of a wakeful night, Miss Alcott thought
of a way to curtail the objectionable length of the book, and she
spent a fortnight in remodelling it,--as she then thought improving it
greatly,--although she afterwards returned to her original version as
decidedly the best. The book was brought out, and she had the pleasure
of presenting the first copy to her mother on her sixty fourth
birthday. She had various projects in her mind, one of which was a
novel, with two characters in it like Jean Paul Richter and Goethe. It
is needless to say this was never carried out. Miss Alcott had great
powers of observation, and a keen insight into character as it fell
within her own range of life, but she had not the creative
imagination which could paint to the life the subtlest workings of
thought and feeling in natures foreign to her own experience. She
could not have portrayed such men: but who could?
_Journal._
_October._--Wrote several chapters of "Work," and was getting on
finely, when, as I lay awake one night, a way to shorten and
arrange "Moods" came into my head. The whole plan laid itself
smoothly out before me, and I slept no more that night, but
worked on it as busily as if mind and body had nothing to do with
one another. Up early, and began to write it all over again. The
fit was on strong, and for a fortnight I hardly ate, slept, or
stirred, but wrote, wrote, like a thinking machine in full
operation. When it was all rewritten without copying, I found it
much improved, though I'd taken out ten chapters, and sacrificed
many of my favorite things; but being resolved to make it simple,
strong, and short, I let everything else go, and hoped the book
would be better for it.
[It wasn't. 1867.]
Sent it to L.; and a week after, as I sat hammering away at the
parlor carpet,--dusty, dismal, and tired,--a letter came from L.
praising the story more enthusiastically than ever, thanking me
for the improvements, and proposing to bring out the book at
once. Of course we all had a rapture, and I finished my work
"double quick," regardless of weariness, toothache, or blue
devils.
Next day I went to Boston and saw L. A brisk, business-like man
who seemed in earnest and said many complimentary things about
"Hospital Sketches" and its author. It was agreed to bring out
the book immediately, and Mrs. D. offered to read the proof with
me.
Was glad to have the old thing under way again, but didn't quite
believe it would ever come out after so many delays and
disappointments.
Sewed for Nan and Mary, heard Anna Dickinson and liked her. Read
"Emily Chester" and thought it an unnatural story, yet just
enough like "Moods" in a few things to make me sorry that it came
out now.
On Mother's sixty-fourth birthday I gave her "Moods" with this
inscription,--"To Mother, my earliest patron, kindest critic,
dearest reader, I gratefully and affectionately inscribe my first
romance."
A letter from T. asking me to write for the new magazine "Our
Young Folks," and saying that "An Hour" was in the hands of the
editors.
_November._--Proof began to come, and the chapters seemed small,
stupid, and no more my own in print. I felt very much afraid that
I'd ventured too much and should be sorry for it. But Emerson
says "that what is true for your own private heart is true for
others." So I wrote from my own consciousness and observation and
hope it may suit some one and at least do no harm.
I sent "An Hour" to the "Commonwealth" and it was considered
_excellent_. Also wrote a Christmas Story, "Mrs. Todger's
Teapot." T. asked to see the other fairy tales and designs and
poems, as he liked "Nelly's Hospital" so much.
On my thirty-second birthday received Richter's Life from Nan and
enjoyed it so much that I planned a story of two men something
like Jean Paul and Goethe, only more every-day people. Don't know
what will come of it, but if "Moods" goes well "Success" shall
follow.
Sewed for Wheeler's colored company and sent them comfort-bags,
towels, books, and bed-sacks. Mr. W. sent me some relics from
Point Look Out and a pleasant letter.
_December._--Earnings, 1864,--$476.
On Christmas Eve received ten copies of "Moods" and a friendly
note from L. The book was hastily got out, but on the whole
suited me, and as the inside was considered good I let the
outside go. For a week wherever I went I saw, heard, and talked
"Moods;" found people laughing or crying over it, and was
continually told how well it was going, how much it was liked,
how fine a thing I'd done. I was glad but not proud, I think, for
it has always seemed as if "Moods" grew in spite of me, and that
I had little to do with it except to put into words the thoughts
that would not let me rest until I had. Don't know why.
By Saturday the first edition was gone and the second ready.
Several booksellers ordered a second hundred, the first went so
fast, and friends could not get it but had to wait till more were
ready.
Spent a fortnight in town at Mary's, shopping, helping Nan, and
having plays. Heard Emerson once. Gave C. "Mrs. Todger's Teapot,"
which was much liked. Sent L. the rest of his story and got $50.
S. paid $35 for "An Hour." R. promised $100 for "Love and
Loyalty," so my year closes with a novel well-launched and about
$300 to pay debts and make the family happy and comfortable till
spring. Thank God for the success of the old year, the promise of
the new!
The sale of "Moods" was at first very rapid; for "Hospital Sketches"
had created an interest in the author, and welcome recognition came to
her from many sources. She received a handsome sum from the
copyright, and "the year closed with enough to make her feel free of
debt and the family comfortable." She ends the year's journal
triumphantly.
The following year was spent mostly in Boston. Miss Alcott went into
society and enjoyed the friendly attentions of men and women of
ability. She continued to write stories for money, but now received
fifty, seventy-five, or a hundred dollars for them. She frequently
took part in theatrical performances for charities. She was always
brilliant and successful and enjoyed them with something of her early
zest.
Her long story of "Success," or "Work," as she afterwards named it,
was still in her mind, but she did not finish it at this time.
_Journal._
_January, 1865._--The month began with some plays at the town
hall to raise funds for the Lyceum. We did very well and some
Scenes from Dickens were excellent. Father lectured and preached
a good deal, being asked like a regular minister and paid like
one. He enjoyed it very much and said good things on the new
religion which we ought to and shall have. May had orders from
Canada and England for her pretty pen-and-ink work and did well
in that line.
Notices of "Moods" came from all directions, and though people
didn't understand my ideas owing to my shortening the book so
much, the notices were mostly favorable and gave quite as much
praise as was good for me. I had letters from Mrs. Parker,
Chadwick, Sanborn, E. B. Greene, the artist, T. W. Higginson and
some others. All friendly and flattering.
Saw more notices of "Moods" and received more letters, several
from strangers and some very funny. People seemed to think the
book finely written, very promising, wise, and interesting; but
some fear it isn't moral, because it speaks freely of marriage.
Wrote a little on poor old "Work" but being tired of novels, I
soon dropped it and fell back on rubbishy tales, for they pay
best, and I can't afford to starve on praise, when sensation
stories are written in half the time and keep the family cosey.
Earned $75 this month.
I went to Boston and heard Father lecture before the Fraternity.
Met Henry James, Sr., there, and he asked me to come and dine,
also called upon me with Mrs. James. I went, and was treated like
the Queen of Sheba. Henry Jr. wrote a notice of "Moods" for the
"North American," and was very friendly. Being a literary youth
he gave me advice, as if he had been eighty and I a girl. My
curly crop made me look young, though thirty-one.
Acted in some public plays for the N. E. Women's Hospital and had
a pleasant time.
L. asked me to be a regular contributor to his new paper, and I
agreed if he'd pay beforehand; he said he would, and bespoke two
tales at once, $50 each, longer ones as often as I could, and
whatever else I liked to send. So here's another source of income
and Alcott brains seem in demand, whereat I sing "Hallyluyer" and
fill up my inkstand.
_April._--Richmond taken on the 2d. Hurrah! Went to Boston and
enjoyed the grand jollification. Saw Booth again in Hamlet and
thought him finer than ever. Had a pleasant walk and talk with
Phillips.
On the 15th in the midst of the rejoicing came the sad news of
the President's assassination, and the city went into mourning. I
am glad to have seen such a strange and sudden change in a
nation's feelings. Saw the great procession, and though few
colored men were in it, one was walking arm in arm with a white
gentleman, and I exulted thereat.
Nan went to housekeeping in a pleasant house at Jamaica Plain,
and I went to help her move. It was beautiful to see how Freddy
enjoyed the freedom, after being cooped up all winter, and how
every morning, whether it rained or shone, he looked out and
said, with a smile of perfect satisfaction, "Oh, pretty
day!"--for all days _were_ pretty to him, dear little soul!
Had a fine letter from Conway, and a notice in the "Reader,"--an
English paper. He advised sending copies to several of the best
London papers. English people don't understand "transcendental
literature," as they call "Moods." My next book shall have no
_ideas_ in it, only facts, and the people shall be as ordinary as
possible; then critics will say it's all right. I seem to have
been playing with edge tools without knowing it. The relations
between Warwick, Moor, and Sylvia are pronounced impossible; yet
a case of the sort exists, and the woman came and asked me how I
knew it. I did _not_ know or guess, but perhaps felt it, without
any other guide, and unconsciously put the thing into my book,
for I changed the ending about that time. It was meant to show a
life affected by _moods_, not a discussion of marriage, which I
knew little about, except observing that very few were happy
ones.
_June._--Busy writing, keeping house, and sewing. Company often;
and strangers begin to come, demanding to see the authoress, who
does not like it, and is porcupiny. Admire the books, but let
the woman alone, if you please, dear public!
On the 24th Anna's second boy was born, at half-past three in the
morning,--Lizzie's birthday. A fine, stout, little lad, who took
to life kindly, and seemed to find the world all right. Freddy
could not understand it at first, and told his mother that "the
babee" had got his place. But he soon loved the "tunning sing,"
and would stand watching it with a grave face, till some funny
little idea found vent in still funnier words or caresses.
Nan was very happy with her two boys, so was John, though both
had wished for a daughter.
_July._--While at Nan's Mrs. B. asked me if I would go abroad
with her sister. I said "yes;" but as I spoke neither French nor
German, she didn't think I'd do. I was sorry; but being used to
disappointment, went to work for Nan, and bided my time, which
came very soon.
_To Anna._
[Date uncertain.]
MY LASS,--This must be a frivolous and dressy letter, because you
always want to know about our clothes, and we have been at it
lately. May's bonnet is a sight for gods and men. Black and white
outside, with a great cockade boiling over the front to meet a
red ditto surging from the interior, where a red rainbow darts
across the brow, and a surf of white lace foams up on each side.
I expect to hear that you and John fell flat in the dust with
horror on beholding it.
My bonnet has nearly been the death of me; for, thinking some
angel might make it possible for me to go to the mountains, I
felt a wish for a tidy hat, after wearing an old one till it fell
in tatters from my brow. Mrs. P. promised a bit of gray silk, and
I built on that; but when I went for it I found my hat was
founded on sand; for she let me down with a crash, saying she
wanted the silk herself, and kindly offering me a flannel
petticoat instead. I was in woe for a spell, having one dollar in
the world, and scorning debt even for that prop of life, a
"bonnet." Then I roused myself, flew to Dodge, demanded her
cheapest bonnet, found one for a dollar, took it, and went home
wondering if the sky would open and drop me a trimming. I am
simple in my tastes, but a naked straw bonnet is a little too
severely chaste even for me. Sky did not open; so I went to the
"Widow Cruise's oil bottle"--my ribbon box--which, by the way, is
the eighth wonder of the world, for nothing is ever put in, yet I
always find some old dud when all other hopes fail. From this
salvation bin I extracted the remains of the old white ribbon
(used up, as I thought, two years ago), and the bits of black
lace that have adorned a long line of departed hats. Of the lace
I made a dish, on which I thriftily served up bows of ribbon,
like meat on toast. Inside put the lace bow, which adorns my form
anywhere when needed. A white flower A. H. gave me sat airily on
the brim,--fearfully unbecoming, but pretty in itself, and in
keeping. Strings are yet to be evolved from chaos. I feel that
they await me somewhere in the dim future. Green ones _pro tem._
hold this wonder of the age upon my gifted brow, and I survey my
hat with respectful awe. I trust you will also, and see in it
another great example of the power of mind over matter, and the
convenience of a colossal brain in the primeval wrestle with the
unruly atoms which have harassed the feminine soul ever since Eve
clapped on a modest fig-leaf and did up her hair with a thorn for
a hairpin.
I feel very moral to-day, having done a big wash alone, baked,
swept the house, picked the hops, got dinner, and written a
chapter in "Moods." May gets exhausted with work, though she
walks six miles without a murmur.
It is dreadfully dull, and I work so that I may not "brood."
Nothing stirring but the wind; nothing to see but dust; no one
comes but rose-bugs; so I grub and scold at the "A." because it
takes a poor fellow's tales and keeps 'em years without paying
for 'em. If I think of my woes I fall into a vortex of debts,
dishpans, and despondency awful to see. So I say, "every path has
its puddle," and try to play gayly with the tadpoles in _my_
puddle, while I wait for the Lord to give me a lift, or some
gallant Raleigh to spread his velvet cloak and fetch me over dry
shod.
L. W. adds to my woe by writing of the splendors of Gorham, and
says, "When tired, run right up here and find rest among these
everlasting hills." All very aggravating to a young woman with
one dollar, no bonnet, half a gown, and a discontented mind. It's
a mercy the mountains are everlasting, for it will be a century
before _I_ get there. Oh, me, such is life!
Now I've done my Jeremiad, and I will go on twanging my harp in
the "willow tree."
You ask what I am writing. Well, two books half done, nine
stories simmering, and stacks of fairy stories moulding on the
shelf. I can't do much, as I have no time to get into a real good
vortex. It unfits me for work, worries Ma to see me look pale,
eat nothing, and ply by night. These extinguishers keep genius
from burning as I could wish, and I give up ever hoping to do
anything unless luck turns for your
LU.