Muscicapa banyumas Horsfield, Trans. Linn. Soc. (1822), 13, 146.
Siphia banyumas Sharpe, Cat. Birds Brit. Mus. (1879), 4, 449;
Everett, Jour. St. Br. As. Soc. (1889), 20, 132; Meyer and
Wiglesworth, Birds of Celebes (1898), 1, 368; pl. 14, fig. 1.
Cyornis banyumas Sharpe, Hand-List (1901), 3, 216 (Java); McGregor
and Worcester, Hand-List (1906), 71.
Cyornis mindorensis Mearns, Phil. Jour. Sci. (1907), 2, sec. A,
356.
Mindoro (Mearns, McGregor); Palawan (Everett). Java.
"Adult male.--General color above uniform blue, the forehead brighter
blue, extending backward over the eye; ear-coverts deep blue; a narrow
frontal line from the base of the nostrils, lores, feathers round the
eye, chin, and fore part of cheeks black; remainder of under surface
of body rich orange-rufous, a little paler and inclining to white on
the abdomen; sides of upper breast and thighs blue; wing-coverts blue
like the back, the least and median series brighter blue, of about the
same color as the forehead and eyebrow; quills dusky brown, externally
blue, the inner secondaries entirely blue; tail-feathers dark blue,
the outer ones black on the inner web; under wing-coverts and axillars
orange-rufous, the edge of the wing blue; quills dusky brown below,
lighter on the inner web. 'Bill black; legs pale brownish lead-color;
iris dark brown.' (Everett.) Length, 142; culmen, 14; wing, 81; tail,
72; tarsus, 16.5.
"Adult female.--Similar to the male but distinguished by the
white lores. 'Bill black; legs purplish leaden gray; iris
brown.' (Everett.) Wing, 70; tail, 60; tarsus, 16.
"Young.--Robin like. Dusky brown with subterminal spots of orange-buff
to all the feathers of the upper surface; wings and tail dusky,
externally blue, the secondaries tipped with buff like the coverts;
underneath orange-rufous, mottled with dusky margins to the feathers;
abdomen whitish." (Sharpe.)
"The existence of this species in Palawan rests upon a single skin
collected at Puerto Princesa, which is indistinguishable from the
male of S. banyumas as represented by a considerable series in the
British Museum." (Everett.)
In the Hand-List Sharpe restricts the distribution of the Javan cyornis
to Java, although in the Catalogue of Birds he places in the synonymy
of Siphia banyumas, the male collected in Palawan by Everett. Mearns
has recently described, under the name of Cyornis mindorensis, two
specimens which certainly seem to be distinct from C. philippinensis,
but they agree with the description of C. banyumas and with the plate
of that species in the Birds of Celebes. Mearns does not compare his
species with C. banyumas, and he could not have done so, as there
were no authentic specimens of C. banyumas at hand when he wrote his
description. Unfortunately such specimens are still lacking. A male
from Mariveles, Luzon and a female from Ticao Island differ from
ordinary C. philippinensis in having the crissum orange-buff, but
the color is not so deep as in the specimens from Mindoro. Cyornis
mindorensis may eventually prove to be a distinct species, but for
the present I shall consider it to be the same as C. banyumas.