_Question_. What is your idea as to the difference between honest
belief, as held by honest religious thinkers, and heterodoxy?
_Answer_. Of course, I believe that there are thousands of men
and women who honestly believe not only in the improbable, not only
in the absurd, but in the impossible. Heterodoxy, so-called,
occupies the half-way station between superstition and reason. A
heretic is one who is still dominated by religion, but in the east
of whose mind there is a dawn. He is one who has seen the morning
star; he has not entire confidence in the day, and imagines in some
way that even the light he sees was born of the night. In the mind
of the heretic, darkness and light are mingled, the ties of
intellectual kindred bind him to the night, and yet he has enough
of the spirit of adventure to look toward the east. Of course, I
admit that Christians and heretics are both honest; a real Christian
must be honest and a real heretic must be the same. All men must
be honest in what they think; but all men are not honest in what
they say. In the invisible world of the mind every man is honest.
The judgment never was bribed. Speech may be false, but conviction
is always honest. So that the difference between honest belief,
as shared by honest religious thinkers and heretics, is a difference
of intelligence. It is the difference between a ship lashed to
the dock, and on making a voyage; it is the difference between
twilight and dawn--that is to say, the coming of the sight and the
coming of the morning.
_Question_. Are women becoming freed from the bonds of sectarianism?
_Answer_. Women are less calculating than men. As a rule they do
not occupy the territory of compromise. They are natural extremists.
The woman who is not dominated by superstition is apt to be absolutely
free, and when a woman has broken the shackles of superstition,
she has no apprehension, no fears. She feels that she is on the
open sea, and she cares neither for wind nor wave. An emancipated
woman never can be re-enslaved. Her heart goes with her opinions,
and goes first.
_Question_. Do you consider that the influence of religion is
better than the influence of Liberalism upon society, that is to
say, is society less or more moral, is vice more or less
conspicuous?
_Answer_. Whenever a chain is broken an obligation takes its place.
There is and there can be no responsibility without liberty. The
freer a man is, the more responsible, the more accountable he feels;
consequently the more liberty there is, the more morality there
is. Believers in religion teach us that God will reward men for
good actions, but men who are intellectually free, know that the
reward of a good action cannot be given by any power, but that it
is the natural result of the good action. The free man, guided by
intelligence, knows that his reward is in the nature of things,
and not in the caprice even of the Infinite. He is not a good and
faithful servant, he is an intelligent free man.
The vicious are ignorant; real morality is the child of intelligence;
the free and intelligent man knows that every action must be judged
by its consequences; he knows that if he does good he reaps a good
harvest; he knows that if he does evil he bears a burden, and he
knows that these good and evil consequences are not determined by
an infinite master, but that they live in and are produced by the
actions themselves.
--_Evening Advertiser_, New York, February 6, 1892.