Transcriber’s notes:
In this transcription, paired _underscores_ denote _italicised text_
and a ^ (caret) indicates that the next character was superscripted in
the original text. Footnotes are located at the end of the book.
The cover image of the book was created by the transcriber and is
placed in the public domain.
Potential problems:
The text contains numerous foreign and uncommon typographic characters.
In addition to Greek, there are passages of Hebrew and Arabic text
(which read from right-to-left and are normally right justified) that
will not necessarily display correctly with all devices. The book
is most easily read with a browser using the HTML version of the
transcription. If some of the characters look abnormal, first ensure
that the ‘character encoding’ of your device/browser is set to Unicode
(UTF-8). You might also need to change the default font. Standard
fonts such as Times New Roman, Georgia or Lucida Sans Unicode are
sometimes adequate, but it might be necessary to use a less-common
font such as Arial Unicode MS, DejaVu, Segoe UI Symbol or FreeSerif to
see all characters correctly. Right alignment of the Hebrew and Arabic
paragraphs will generally only be apparent with a monospaced font such
as DejaVuSansMono.
Some diacritics don’t display consistently. For example, the Greek
letter υ̑ occurs in several words and with some browsers and fonts the
inverted breve is displaced towards the following letter; the same
anomaly occurs with macrons above letters in some old English words.
The Hebrew passage contains several letters with single or double
overhead dots (of uncertain significance) that can’t be replicated on
screen – the HTML version has a hyperlinked image of the original for
anyone wishing to see it.
Roman numerals are widely used and often in archaic ways. Numerals
followed by an italicised _l_, _s_, or _d_ indicate monetary values
in imperial pounds shillings and pence units, e.g. xxxiii_l_. vi_s_.
viii_d_. represents 33 pounds 6 shillings 8 pence (a space sometimes
separates the numeral from the unit). The last ‘i’ (‘one’) in a roman
numeral was often represented by the letter ‘j’; hence iiij_d_ is
equivalent to 4 pence, and ‘ij holownesses’ should be read as ‘two
holownesses’.
Numerous portions of text enclosed within square brackets were inserted
by the author (not the transcriber) for clarification or translation,
as were several (sic) entries in the Hebrew and Arabic texts.
The index has many references to both page numbers and footnote
numbers, e.g. 24 n. (a single unnumbered footnote), 93 n. 3, 126 nn. 4,
5, (pages containing multiple footnotes), and also to numbered figures
and plates. The original footnote numbering began afresh at 1. on each
page, but in this transcription footnotes are numbered sequentially
from the beginning of the book and the numbers no longer correspond
to those shown in the index. Many of the illustrations have been
moved from their original location to be closer to the relevant text
discussion.
Errors and inconsistencies:
Punctuation anomalies have been corrected silently (e.g. missing
periods, commas and semicolons, incorrect or missing quotation marks,
unpaired parentheses).
Unambiguous typographic errors such as the following, have been
corrected silently:
Lexico nder-->Lexicon der
Aa-->As [a matter of fact]
Chiru gie-->Chirurgie
Weisbaden-->Wiesbaden
but inconsistent spellings such as those below have not been altered:
paniculi/panniculi
paniculo/panniculo
feçe/fece
Literatur/Litteratur
literae/litterae
aligati/alligati
cf./cp.
dilatare/dillatare
dilitano/dillitano
diuidendo/dividendo
judgement/judgment
Inconsistent capitalisation of Fig. and Plate has been standardised,
as has inconsistent spacing of expressions such as A.D. i.e. and § 6
(a paragraph number).
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STUDIES