Fig. 8. _Zygostaurus sagittalis_, n. sp., × 300 775
Fig. 9. _Lithoptera tetraptera_, n. sp., × 300 779
Fig. 10. _Lithoptera quadrata_, n. sp., × 300 780
The central part of the skeleton is enclosed by the
four-lobed central capsule.
[Illustration: 1.-3. QUADRILONCHE, 4.-6. BELONOSTAURUS, 7. 8.
LONCHOSTAURUS, 9. 10. LITHOPTERA.]
PLATE 132.
LEGION ACANTHARIA.
Orders ACTINELLIDA ET ACANTHONIDA.
Families ASTROLOPHIDA, ASTROLONCHIDA et AMPHILONCHIDA.
Fig. 1. _Amphilonche lanceolata_, n. sp., × 300 783
Fig. 2. _Amphilonche hydrotomica_, n. sp., × 300 786
The spindle-shaped central capsule is filled up with small
granules. The clear calymma forms conical sheaths for
the spines, with myophriscs.
Fig. 3. _Amphilonche diodon_, n. sp., × 300 783
Fig. 4. _Amphilonche concreta_, n. sp., × 100 787
A complete specimen with the cylindrical central capsule.
Fig. 4_a_. Central part of the skeleton, × 400
Fig. 5. _Amphilonche violina_, n. sp., × 300 787
Fig. 6. _Amphilonche conica_, n. sp., × 300 785
The ellipsoidal central capsule contains numerous nuclei
and is enclosed by the calymma. The conical sheaths of
the latter include the radial spines completely and
exhibit coronets of myophriscs.
Fig. 7. _Acantholonche amphipolaris_, n. sp., × 200 790
Fig. 8. _Acantholonche peripolaris_, n. sp., × 300 791
Fig. 9. _Amphibelone pyramidata_, n. sp., × 300 789
Fig. 10. _Amphibelone cultellata_, n. sp., × 400 789
The central capsule contains numerous spherical nuclei and
is enclosed by the hyaline calymma, which forms conical
sheaths around the spines.
Fig. 11. _Stauracantha johannis_, n. sp., × 400 763
Basal part of a radial spine, exhibiting the peculiar
torsion of the basal leaf-cross and the central apex.
Fig. 12. _Astrolophus solaris_, n. sp., × 200 732
Fig. 12_a_. A group of larger and smaller radial spines
united in the centre.
Fig. 12_b_. Three isolated spines (one larger and two
smaller), × 200
[Illustration: 1.-6. AMPHILONCHE, 7. 8. ACANTHOLONCHE, 9.-12. AMPHIBELONE.]
PLATE 133.
LEGION ACANTHARIA.
Order SPHÆROPHRACTA.
Families SPHÆROCAPSIDA, DORATASPIDA et PHRACTOPELTIDA.
Fig. 1. _Phractopelta dorataspis_, n. sp., × 300 852
Fig. 2. _Dorypelta tessaraspis_, n. sp., × 300 858
Fig. 3. _Stauropelta cruciata_, n. sp., × 400 859
Fig. 4. _Pantopelta icosaspis_, n. sp., × 400 855
Meridional section through the double shell.
Fig. 5. _Octopelta scutella_, n. sp., × 400 856
Proximal part of two meeting spines, isolated.
Fig. 6. _Orophaspis furcata_, n. sp., × 400 818
Fig. 7. _Porocapsa murrayana_, n. sp., × 300 800
The central capsule is filled up by spherical vacuoles and
enclosed by the porous shell; in the centre radii of
small granules (nuclei ?) occur.
Fig. 8. _Cannocapsa stethoscopium_, n. sp., × 300 801
The shell alone.
Fig. 9. _Astrocapsa coronata_, n. sp., × 400 799
Middle part of one spine with the four aspinal holes.
Fig. 9_a_. Transverse section of a radial spine, with the
four surrounding aspinal holes and the neighbouring
part of the shell, × 400
Fig. 10. _Astrocapsa stellata_, n. sp., × 400 799
Part of one spine, with the aspinal holes and their four
triangular teeth.
Fig. 11. _Cenocapsa nirvana_, n. sp., × 200 802
The entire shell, with its pavement of small plates and the
twenty cruciform perspinal holes.
Fig. 11_a_. A group of small ovate plates which compose the
shell; in each plate a dimple with a porule, × 400
Fig. 11_b_. A cruciform perspinal hole, seen from the face, × 400
Fig. 11_c_. A cruciform perspinal hole, with its four
teeth, seen in profile, × 400
[Illustration: 1.-5. PHRACTOPELTA, 6. OROPHASPIS, 7. POROCAPSA, 8.
CANNOCAPSA, 9. 10. ASTROCAPSA, 11. CENOCAPSA.]
PLATE 134.
LEGION ACANTHARIA.
Order SPHÆROPHRACTA.
Family DORATASPIDA.
Fig. 1. _Dodecaspis tricincta_, n. sp., × 400 834
The enclosed central capsule contains numerous spherical
nuclei.
Fig. 2. _Lychnaspis minima_, n. sp., × 400 841
Six-sided basal pyramid of an equatorial spine, with the
leaf-cross, seen from the centre.
Fig. 3. _Zonaspis cingulata_, n. sp., × 400 834
Equatorial section through the central capsule. n, nuclei;
g, yellow bodies (intracapsular xanthellæ).
Fig. 4. _Zonaspis cingulata_, n. sp., × 800 834
Central pyramidal base of an equatorial spine, with the
leaf-cross.
Fig. 5. _Stauraspis cruciata_, n. sp., × 400 831
Central union of the radial spines, three polar spines
being taken off.
Fig. 6. _Lychnaspis longissima_, n. sp., × 400 841
Fig. 7. Lychnaspis minima, n. sp., × 400 841
Five-sided basal pyramid of a tropical spine, with the
leaf-cross, seen from the centre.
Fig. 8. _Lychnaspis minima_, n. sp., × 400 841
Six-sided basal pyramid of a polar spine, with the
leaf-cross, seen from the centre.
Fig. 9. _Icosaspis elegans_, n. sp., × 400 844
An isolated polar plate.
Fig. 10. _Icosaspis cruciata_, n. sp., × 400 844
An isolated equatorial plate.
Fig. 11, 12. _Dorataspis species_, × 100
Diagram of the composition of the shell of twenty plates
(and also of the central union of the basal
leaf-cross).
Fig. 11. Oblique equatorial aspect.
Fig. 12. Accurate polar aspect (compare p. 804, 805).
Fig. 13. _Coscinaspis isopora_, n. sp., × 400 828
An isolated equatorial plate (with two aspinal and six
coronal pores).
Fig. 14. _Coscinaspis isopora_, n. sp., × 400 828
Two isolated tropical plates (_b_, northern; _d_,
southern), each with two aspinal and five coronal
pores.
Fig. 15. _Diporaspis nephropora_, n. sp., × 400 816
Fig. 16. _Acontaspis hastata_, n. sp., × 400 829
[Illustration: 1.-5. DODECASPIS, 6.-8. LYCHNASPIS, 9. 10. ICOSASPIS,
11.-14. COSCINASPIS, 15. DIPORASPIS, 16. ACONTASPIS.]
PLATE 135.
LEGION ACANTHARIA.
Order SPHÆROPHRACTA.
Families SPHÆROCAPSIDA et DORATASPIDA.
Fig. 1. _Hylaspis serrulata_, n. sp., × 300 846
Fig. 2. _Lychnaspis undulata_, n. sp., × 400 841
Fig. 3. _Lychnaspis giltschii_, n. sp., × 400 839
The spherical central capsule is enclosed in the shell.
Fig. 4. _Lychnaspis rottenburgii_, n. sp., × 400 841
Fig. 5. _Zonaspis æquatorialis_, n. sp., × 300 834
Fig. 6. _Sphærocapsa cruciata_, n. sp., × 150 798
The entire shell, with its twenty cruciate perspinal holes.
Fig. 7. _Sphærocapsa cruciata_, n. sp., × 800 798
Insertion of one spine in the cruciate perspinal hole of
the shell.
Fig. 8. _Sphærocapsa quadrata_, n. sp., × 800 798
A group of pores and dimples in the shell surface.
Fig. 9. _Sphærocapsa dentata_, n. sp., × 800 798
Insertion of one spine in the cruciate perspinal hole of
the shell.
Fig. 10. _Sphærocapsa pavimentata_, n. sp., × 800 798
Insertion of one spine in the perspinal hole of the shell,
which is composed of four cruciate aspinal holes and
surrounded by a group of dimples and pores.
[Illustration: 1.-5. LYCHNASPIS, 6.-10. SPHAEROCAPSA.]
PLATE 136.
LEGION ACANTHARIA.
Orders SPHÆROPHRACTA ET PRUNOPHRACTA.
Families DORATASPIDA et BELONASPIDA.
Fig. 1. _Tessaraspis arachnoides_, n. sp., × 300 836
Fig. 2. _Icosaspis tabulata_, n. sp., × 200 843
Fig. 3. _Icosaspis icosastaura_, n. sp., × 400 846
Fig. 4. _Icosaspis elegans_, n. sp., × 300 844
Fig. 5. _Tessaraspis concreta_, n. sp., × 400 838
Fig. 6. _Phatnaspis cristata_, n. sp., × 400 869
Fig. 7. _Phatnaspis haliommidium_, n. sp., × 200 871
Central capsule within the shell--outline.
Fig. 8. _Coscinaspis polypora_, n. sp., × 300 827
A single lattice-plate of the shell.
Fig. 9. _Phatnaspis lacunaria_, n. sp., × 400 869
[Illustration: 1.-5. TESSARASPIS, 6.-9. PHATNASPIS.]
PLATE 137.
LEGION ACANTHARIA.
Order SPHÆROPHRACTA.
Family DORATASPIDA.
Fig. 1. _Phractaspis complanata_, n. sp., × 400 809
Fig. 2. _Phractaspis prototypus_, n. sp., × 400 809
Fig. 3. _Phractaspis constricta_, n. sp., × 400 810
Fig. 4. _Pleuraspis horrida_, n. sp., × 400 811
Fig. 5. _Stauruspis stauracantha_, n. sp., × 300 832
Fig. 6. _Stauruspis stauracantha_, n. sp., × 600 832
A single spine.
Fig. 7. _Echinaspis echinoides_, n. sp., × 300 833
Fig. 8. _Echinaspis echinoides_, n. sp., × 800 833
A single spine.
Fig. 9. _Coscinaspis parmipora_, n. sp., × 400 827
[Illustration: 1.-3. PHRACTASPIS, 4. PLEURASPIS, 5. 6. STAURASPIS, 7. 8.
ECHINASPIS, 9. DORATASPIS.]
PLATE 138.
LEGION ACANTHARIA.
Order SPHÆROPHRACTA.
Family DORATASPIDA.
Fig. 1. _Coscinaspis peripora_ (vel _Dorataspis peripora_),
n. sp., × 300 826
Fig. 2. _Dorataspis fusigera_, n. sp., × 400 813
Fig. 3. _Dorataspis micropora_, n. sp., × 300 815
Fig. 4. _Dorataspis typica_, n. sp., × 300 815
Fig. 4_a_. Polar view of the central union of the twenty
spines, × 300 815
Fig. 5. _Ceriaspis inermis_, n. sp., × 400 821
Fig. 6. _Ceriaspis favosa_, n. sp., × 400 821
Fig. 7. _Hystrichaspis fruticata_, n. sp., × 300 825
Fig. 8. _Hystrichaspis pectinata_, n. sp., × 300 822
Fig. 9. _Hystrichaspis furcata_, n. sp., × 400 822
Fig. 10. _Hystrichaspis dorsata_, n. sp., × 300 823
Fig. 11. _Hystrichaspis cristata_ (vel _Siphonaspis
cristata_, n. sp.), × 400 823
[Illustration: 1.-4. DORATASPIS, 5. 6. CERIASPIS. 7.-11. HYSTRICHASPIS.]
PLATE 139.
LEGION ACANTHARIA.
Order PRUNOPHRACTA.
Families BELONASPIDA et HEXALSPIDA.
Fig. 1. _Hexacolpus nivalis_, n. sp., × 300 880
Fig. 2. _Hexalaspis heliodiscus_, n. sp., × 300 875
Fig. 3. _Hexaconus ciliatus_, n. sp., × 300 876
Fig. 4. _Hexaconus serratus_, n. sp., × 300 877
_c_, Central base of an equatorial spine; _d_, central base
of a tropical spine.
Fig. 5. _Hexaconus coronatus_, n. sp., × 300 877
Fig. 6. _Hexaconus velatus_, n. sp., × 300 877
Marginal view of the shell.
Fig. 7. _Hexaconus vaginatus_, n. sp., × 300 877
Fig. 8. _Thoracaspis bipennis_, n. sp., × 300 862
Fig. 9. _Belonaspis datura_, n. sp., × 400 863
[Illustration: 1.-7. HEXALASPIS, 8. THORACASPIS, 9. BELONASPIS.]
PLATE 140.
LEGION ACANTHARIA.
Order PRUNOPHRACTA.
Families BELONASPIDA, HEXALASPIDA et DIPLOCONIDA.
Fig. 1. _Diploconus amalla_, n. sp., × 300 885
Fig. 2. _Diploconus hexaphyllus_, n. sp., × 300 886
Fig. 3. _Diploconus cyathiscus_, n. sp., × 300 885
Fig. 4. _Diploconus cotyliscus_, n. sp., × 400 886
Polar view.
Fig. 5. _Diplocolpus serratus_, n. sp., × 300 888
Fig. 6. _Diplocolpus cristatus_, n. sp., × 400 887
Fig. 7. _Diplocolpus costatus_, n. sp., × 400 887
Fig. 8. _Diplocolpus sulcatus_, n. sp., × 300 888
Fig. 9. _Diplocolpus dentatus_, n. sp., × 300 888
Meridional section through the centre of the shell.
Fig. 10. _Hexacolpus infundibulum_, n. sp., × 300 881
Fig. 11. _Hexacolpus trypanon_, n. sp., × 300 881
Fig. 12. _Hexaconus echinatus_, n. sp., × 300 878
Fig. 13. _Coleaspis vaginata_, n. sp., × 300 866
Meridional section through the shell.
Fig. 14. _Coleaspis hydrotomica_, n. sp., × 400 867
Fig. 15. _Hexonaspis hexapleura_, n. sp., × 400 879
A single spine with its thick apophyses.
Fig. 16. Hexonaspis hastata, n. sp., × 400 879
[Illustration: 1.-3. DIPLOCONUS. 4.-8. DIPLOCOLPUS. 9.-12. HEXACONUS. 13.
14. COLEASPIS. 15.-16. HEXONASPIS.]
* * * * * *
[Illustration: Track of H.M.S. Challenger, Decr. 1872 to May 1876.]
* * * * *
Corrections made to printed text
Plate 4, heading: 'Order BELOIDEA. Family Sphærozoida.' corrected from
'Order LARCOIDEA. Family Tholonida.'
Plate 22, fig. 11: 'quadricuspis' corrected from 'quadricuspsis'.
Plate 31, fig. 9: 'distyliscus' corrected from 'dictyliscus'.
Plate 45, fig. 11: 'maclaganium' corrected from 'maclagganium' (per text).
Plate 66, fig. 3: 'dioscoridis' corrected from 'discoridis'.
Plate 96, heading: 'Lithobotryida' corrected from 'Lihtobotryida'.
Plate 105, fig. 11: 'gemmascens' corrected from 'gemmasceus'
Plate 128, fig. 2: 'rhinocannæ' (first time) corrected from 'rhinnocannæ'