Note: Project Gutenberg also has an HTML version of this
file which includes the original illustrations.
See 44527-h.htm or 44527-h.zip:
(https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/44527/pg44527-images.html)
or
(https://www.gutenberg.org/files/44527/44527-h.zip)
Images of the original pages are available through
Internet Archive. See
https://archive.org/details/reportonradiolar00haecrich
Project Gutenberg has the other two parts of this work.
First Part: First Part: Porulosa (Spumellaria and Acantharia)
see https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/44525.
Second Part: Subclass Osculosa; Index
see https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/44526.
Transcriber's note:
Text enclosed by underscores is in italics (_Actissa_).
A carat character is used to denote superscription: a
single character following the carat is superscripted
(example: _g_^2).
Some typographical errors in the printed work have been
corrected. They are listed at the end of the text.
REPORT ON THE SCIENTIFIC RESULTS OF THE VOYAGE OF H.M.S. CHALLENGER
DURING THE YEARS 1873-76
Under the Command of Captain George S. Nares, R.N., F.R.S.
and the Late Captain Frank Tourle Thomson, R.N.
Prepared Under the Superintendence of
the Late Sir C. Wyville Thomson, KNT., F.R.S., &c.
Regius Professor of Natural History in the University of Edinburgh
Director of the Civilian Scientific Staff on Board
and Now of
John Murray
One of the Naturalists of the Expedition
ZOOLOGY--VOL. XVIII.
PLATES
Published by Order of Her Majesty's Government
Printed for Her Majesty's Stationary Office
and Sold by
London:--Eyre & Spottiswoode, East Harding Street, Fetter Lane
Edinburgh:--Adam & Charles Black
Dublin:--Hodges, Figgis, & Co.
1887
Price (in Two Parts, with a Volume of Plates) £5, 10s.
CONTENTS.
REPORT on the RADIOLARIA collected by H.M.S. CHALLENGER during the years
1873-1876.
By ERNST HAECKEL, M.D., Ph.D., Professor of Zoology in the University of
Jena.
PLATES.
CONTENTS.
PLATES 1-50. SPUMELLARIA.
" 51-98. NASSELLARIA.
" 99-128. PHÆODARIA.
" 129-140. ACANTHARIA.
MAP, SHOWING THE GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION OF THE RADIOLARIA.
PLATE 1.
LEGION SPUMELLARIA.
Order COLLOIDEA.
Family THALASSICOLLIDA.
Fig. 1. _Actissa princeps_, n. sp., × 300 13
The entire living Spumellarium. _c_, The spherical central
capsule containing finely granulated protoplasm, which
is radially striated in the cortical zone; _v_,
spherical vacuoles enclosed by the protoplasm; _n_, the
spherical nucleus in the centre; _l_, the concentric
nucleolus; _f_, the radial pseudopodia which pierce the
calymma or the (yellowish) jelly-envelope of the
central capsule and arise from the granular
sarcomatrix.
Fig. 1_a_. Half of the central capsule of another specimen,
in which the original central nucleus is cleft into
numerous small nuclei, × 400
Fig. 1_b_. Half of the central capsule of another specimen,
filled up by flagellate spores, × 400
Fig. 1_c_. Eight isolated flagellate spores, × 800
Fig. 2. _Thalassolampe maxima_, n. sp., × 8 17
The entire living Spumellarium. _c_, The big spherical
central capsule; _a_, the large alveoles filling the
central capsule and surrounding a central nucleus; _f_,
the pseudopodia piercing the extracapsular calymma.
Fig. 2_a_. The nucleus alone, with numerous nucleoli, × 30
Fig. 3. _Thalassopila cladococcus_, n. sp., × 20 17
_c_, The big central capsule; _a_, numerous large alveoles
contained in the central capsule; _k_, oil globules,
many of which are placed in the radially striped
cortical zone; the nucleus placed centrally, is covered
with numerous radial apophyses or cæcal sacs. _f_, The
radially striped calymma.
Fig. 4. _Thalassicolla maculata_, n. sp., × 100 21
_c_, The central capsule; _v_, vacuoles filling this
capsule; _n_, the central nucleus; _l_, the concentric
nucleolus; _g_, the voluminous calymma, a small radial
piece of which is only represented; _a_, the large
alveoles; _b_, peculiar exoplasmatic bodies; _p_, black
pigment in the inner zone; _f_, the retracted
pseudopodia in the outer zone.
Fig. 4_a_. An exoplasmatic body, × 300
Fig. 4_b_, Vacuoles in the endoplasm, × 300
Fig. 5. _Thalassicolla melacapsa_, n. sp., × 300 21
_n_, The large nucleus; _l_, numerous small nucleoli inside
the nucleus; _v_, the vacuoles filling up the central
capsule and separated by black pigment; _a_, large
alveoles in the calymma; _k_, oil globules; _b_,
exoplasmatic bodies; _f_, the retracted pseudopodia in
the outer zone of the calymma.
Fig. 5_a_. An endoplasmatic vacuole, resembling a cell, × 600
Fig. 5_b_. A piece of the central capsule, × 600
[Illustration: 1. ACTISSA. 2. THALASSOLAMPE. 3. THALASSOPILA. 4. 5.
THALASSOCOLLA.]
PLATE 2.
LEGION SPUMELLARIA.
Order BELOIDEA.
Family THALASSOSPHÆRIDA.
Fig. 1. _Lampoxanthium pandora_, n. sp., × 120 38
The central capsule exhibits distinct pore-canals in its
membrane, and a clear interval between this and the
coagulated and vacuolated protoplasm. The central
nucleus contains numerous dark nucleoli. The spicula
are scattered throughout the alveolate calymma.
Fig. 2. _Thalassoplancta brevispicula_, n. sp. (vel
_Lampoxanthium brevispiculum_), × 120 36
The central capsule contains numerous clear vacuoles, and
in the cortical zone a layer of large oil-globules. The
central nucleus includes numerous dark nucleoli. The
calymma is alveolate. The spicula lie only in the
cortical zone.
Fig. 3. _Thalassoxanthium cervicorne_, n. sp., × 300 33
The central capsule is filled up by clear vacuoles and
contains a large central nucleus, with a single
nucleolus. The spicula surround the thin calymma.
Fig. 4. _Thalassoxanthium cervicorne_, n. sp., × 600 33
A single spiculum.
Fig. 5. _Thalassoxanthium medusinum_, n. sp., × 120 32
The central capsule is filled up by clear vacuoles and
contains on its cortical zone a layer of large
oil-globules. The central nucleus contains numerous
dark nucleoli. The calymma is radially striped,
contains numerous small xanthellæ, and is surrounded by
the spicula.
Fig. 6. _Thalassoxanthium octoceras_, n. sp., × 400 34
Three isolated spicula.
[Illustration: LAMPOXANTHIUM.]
PLATE 3.
LEGION SPUMELLARIA.
Order COLLOIDEA.
Family COLLOZOIDA.
Fig. 1. _Collozoum serpentinum_, n sp (vel _Collophidium
serpentinum_, Hkl), × 10 26
A living coenobium, with expanded pseudopodia. The
spherical calymma (or the common jelly-mass of the
colony) is alveolate and contains numerous cylindrical,
serpentine, central capsules. Numerous yellow cells or
xanthellæ are scattered between the radial pseudopodia
in the periphery.
Fig. 2. _Collozoum serpentinum_, n. sp., × 50 26
An isolated, cylindrical, worm-shaped, central capsule,
with an axial series of oil-globules; the red points
are nuclei.
Fig. 3. _Collozoum serpentinum_, n. sp., × 150 26
An isolated, cylindrical, serpentine, central capsule. _k_,
Oil-globules forming an axial series; _n_, densely
placed, red-coloured nuclei;, _c_, the capsule membrane
under which are scattered small black pigment spots in
the colourless cortical zone of the endoplasm; _a_,
extracapsular alveoles; _x_, xanthellæ or "yellow
cells."
Fig. 4. _Collozoum amoeboides_, n. sp., × 100 28
A spherical coenobium or jelly-colony. Each amoeboid
central capsule contains an oil-globule; the small red
points are nuclei.
Fig. 5. _Collozoum amoeboides_, n. sp., × 400 28
_c_, A single isolated central capsule; _n_, nuclei; _k_,
oil-globule.
Fig. 6. _Collozoum vermiforme_, n. sp., × 30 27
_g_, A spherical coenobium or jelly-colony; _a_, large
alveoles, forming a cortical zone; _c_, central
capsules; _k_, oil-globules.
Fig. 7. _Collozoum vermiforme_, n. sp., × 100 27
_c_, A single isolated central capsule; _x_, xanthellæ
surrounding this central capsule; _k_, oil-globules;
_n_, nuclei.
Fig. 8. _Collozoum ellipsoides_, n. sp., × 2 26
A spherical colony; the red points are central capsules.
Fig. 9. _Collozoum ellipsoides_, n. sp., × 150 26
_c_, A single isolated central capsule; _k_, oil-globules;
_n_, nuclei.
Fig. 10. _Collozoum inerme_, Hkl., × 2 25
An old, cylindrical, articulated coenobium; the red points
are centralcapsules.
Fig. 11. _Collozoum inerme_, Hkl., × 2 25
A young cylindrical coenobium; the red points are central
capsules.
Fig. 12. _Collozoum inerme_, Hkl., × 400 25
A piece of a young colony with eight small central
capsules, without oil-globules. _n_, The central
nucleus in different stages of division. Two capsules
are also dividing. _x_, Xanthellæ in the jelly-like
calymma (blue), which also contains numerous vacuoles.
[Illustration: COLLOZOUM.]
PLATE 4.
LEGION SPUMELLARIA.
Orders BELOIDEA.
Families Sphærozoida.
Fig. 1. _Sphærozoum trigeminum_, n. sp., × 50 43
An annular colony. The main mass of the jelly-colony is
filled up by large alveoles; the entire surface is
densely covered with spicula, and beyond this
skeleton-cover lie the spherical central capsules, each
with an oil-globule. This species is by mistake not
mentioned in the text.
Fig. 2. _Sphærozoum alveolatum_, n. sp., × 50 43
Section through a spherical colony; displaying the inside
of a hemisphere. All the central capsules lie in a
single stratum on the surface of the jelly-sphere, each
being surrounded by a thick-walled alveole. The spicula
lie between the alveole and the capsule, which includes
a central oil-globule.
Fig. 3. _Sphærozoum alveolatum_, n. sp., × 400 43
A single central capsule, filled up by crystal-spores.
Numerous geminato-radiate spicula and spherical
xanthellæ lie between the capsule and the including
thick-walled alveole. In the jelly-calymma, between the
capsule and the alveole, numerous thin ramified
pseudopodia are expanded.
Fig. 4. _Sphærozoum geminatum_, n. sp., × 400 45
A single central capsule, with a central oil-globule,
surrounded by numerous spicula and spherical xanthellæ.
The jelly-substance of the calymma is expanded between
the points of the spicula.
Fig. 5. _Sphærozoum variabile_, n. sp., × 300 45
Three isolated spicula.
Fig. 6. _Sphærozoum pandora_, n. sp. (vel _Rhaphidozoum
pandora_), × 300 49
A group of various spicula.
Fig. 7. _Sphærozoum verticillatum_, n. sp., × 300 44
A single spiculum.
Fig. 8. _Sphærozoum arborescens_, n. sp., × 300 44
A single spiculum.
Fig. 9. _Sphærozoum armatum_, n. sp., × 300 43
A single spiculum.
[Illustration: SPHAEROZOUM.]
PLATE 5.
LEGION SPUMELLARIA.
Order SPHÆROIDEA.
Family COLLOSPHÆRIDA.
Fig. 1. _Trypanosphæra transformata_, n. sp., × 150 111
A living colony. The centre of the spherical coenobium
contains a large alveole, surrounded by a net of
sarcode. The entire calymma is filled up by smaller,
thin-walled alveoles. Its inner part contains numerous
small, young, central capsules (each with an
oil-globule) without shells; in the cortical zone of
the calymma lie larger capsules, each of which is
enclosed by a fenestrated shell with from two to four
or more dentated tubes. Between the radiant pseudopodia
very numerous small yellow cells (xanthellæ), which are
scattered everywhere.
Fig. 2. _Trypanosphæra transformata_, n. sp., × 300 111
A single shell.
Fig. 3. _Trypanosphæra coronata_, n. sp., × 300 110
Fig. 4. _Trypanosphæra trepanata_, n. sp., × 300 110
Fig. 5. _Odontosphæra monodon_, n. sp., × 300 102
Fig. 6. _Odontosphæra cyrtodon_, n. sp., × 300 102
Fig. 7. _Acrosphæra inflata_, n. sp., × 300 101
Fig. 8. _Mazosphæra hippotis_, n. sp., × 400 108
Fig. 9. _Mazosphæra lagotis_, n. sp., × 300 108
Fig. 10. _Pharyngosphæra stomodæa_, n. sp., × 400 98
Fig. 11. _Buccinosphæra invaginata_. n. sp., × 500 99
Each shell contains numerous larger and smaller crystals.
Fig. 12. _Tribonosphæra centripetalis_, n. sp., × 500 98
Each shell contains numerous large crystals.
Fig. 13. _Collosphæra polygona_, n. sp., × 200 96
[Illustration: 1-4. TRYPANOSPHAERA. 5-9. MAZOSPHAERA. 10. 11.
BUCCINOSPHAERA. 12. 13. COLLOSPHAERA.]
PLATE 6.
LEGION SPUMELLARIA.
Order SPHÆROIDEA.
Family COLLOSPHÆRIDA.
Fig. 1. Siphonosphæra socialis, n. sp., × 500 106
A small piece of the surface of a living coenobium, seen
from the surface. Only four individuals are visible,
the central capsule of which contains numerous small
nuclei and a central oil-globule. The including
spherical lattice-shell is provided with a few (one to
four) larger apertures, which are prolonged into short
cylindrical tubules. Through these latter radiate
bundles of fine pseudopodia, branching and
anastomosing, and forming a fine sarcode network
between the alveoles of the calymma. On the surface of
the alveolated jelly-sphere the pseudopodia form a
dense radiating zone. Xanthella or yellow cells are
everywhere scattered.
Fig. 2. _Siphonosphæra socialis_, n. sp., × 300 106
A small coenobium or colony in the state of alveolation,
forming a jelly-sphere, composed of a great number of
capsulated individuals, densely aggregated. Each
central capsule contains an oil-globule, and is
enclosed by a spherical lattice-shell, which bears a
few (one to four) short cylindrical tubules. Each shell
is again enveloped by a membranous polyhedral alveole
and separated from it by structureless jelly. The thick
cortical jelly-envelope, which surrounds the whole
spherical colony, exhibits a fine radial striation,
produced by radiating pseudopodia; many xanthellæ or
yellow cells are scattered in the calymma.
Fig. 3. _Siphonosphæra pipetta_, n. sp., × 300 108
Fig. 4. _Siphonosphæra tubulosa_, J. Müller, × 300 105
The central capsule, enclosed in the cavity of the shell,
has a central oil-globule, and is surrounded by a few
xanthella.
Fig. 5. _Siphonosphæra chonophora_, n. sp., × 300 107
Fig. 6. _Siphonosphæra serpula_, n. sp., × 300 107
Fig. 7. _Siphonosphæra patinaria_, n sp., × 300 105
The central capsule, enclosed in the cavity of the shell,
contains a central oil-globule, and is surrounded by a
few xanthella.
Fig. 8. _Siphonosphæra patinaria_, n. sp., × 300 105
Fig. 9. _Siphonosphæra conifera_, n. sp., × 300 106
Fig. 10. _Siphonosphæra cyathina_, n. sp., × 300 105
[Illustration: SIPHONOSPHAERA.]
PLATE 7.
LEGION SPUMELLARIA.
Order SPHÆROIDEA.
Family COLLOSPHÆRIDA.
Fig. 1 _Caminosphæra dendrophora_, n. sp., × 300 112
Fig. 2. _Caminosphæra dichotoma_, n. sp., × 300 112
Fig. 3. _Coronosphæra diadema_, n. sp., × 300 117
Fig. 4. _Coronosphæra calycina_, n. sp., × 300 117
Fig. 5. _Otosphæra auriculata_, n. sp., × 300 116
Fig. 6. _Otosphæra polymorpha_, n. sp., × 300 116
Fig. 7. _Solenosphæra serpentina_, n. sp., × 300 114
Fig. 8. _Solenosphæra cornucopia_, n. sp., × 300 115
Fig. 9. _Solenosphæra ascensionis_, n. sp., × 300 115
Fig. 10. _Solenosphæra pandora_, n. sp., × 300 113
Fig. 11. _Solenosphæra pandora_, n. sp., × 100 113
An entire spherical coenobium. The shells of the colony
bear a variable number of fenestrated radial tubes and
are densely crowded in the jelly-sphere of the calymma,
the cortical zone of which is radially striped.
[Illustration: 1. 2. CAMINOSPHAERA. 3. 4. CORONOSPHAERA. 5. 6. OTOSPHAERA.
7.-11. SOLENOSPHAERA.]
PLATE 8.
LEGION SPUMELLARIA.
Order SPHÆROIDEA.
Family COLLOSPHÆRIDA.
Fig. 1. _Acrosphæra echinoides_, n. sp., × 400 100
Fig. 2. _Acrosphæra collina_, n. sp., × 300 101
Fig. 3. _Chænicosphæra nassiterna_, n. sp., × 400 103
Fig. 4. _Chænicosphæra murrayana_, n. sp., × 300 102
Fig. 5. _Chænicosphæra flammabunda_, n. sp., × 300 103
Fig. 6. _Clathrosphæra circumtexta_, n. sp., × 400 118
Fig. 7. _Clathrosphæra arachnoides_, n. sp., × 300 119
Fig. 8. _Clathrosphæra lamellosa_, n. sp., × 300 119
Fig. 9. _Xanthiosphæra erinacea_, n. sp., × 400 120
Fig. 10. _Xanthiosphæra lappacea_, n. sp., × 300 120
Fig. 11. _Xanthiosphæra lappacea_, n. sp., × 100 120
A complete spherical coenobium. The associated central
capsules (each with a double shell) are densely crowded
in the central part of the calymma, whilst its
peripheral part is occupied by a layer of large
alveoles. Numerous xanthellæ or yellow cells an
scattered in the calymma.
[Illustration: 1. 2. ACROSPHAERA. 3.-5. CHOENICOSPHAERA. 6.-8.
CLATHROSPHAERA. 9.-11. XANTHIOSPHAERA.]
PLATE 9.
LEGION SPUMELLARIA.
Order LARCOIDEA.
Family PYLONIDA.
Fig. 1. _Monozonium alatum_, n. sp., × 300 633
Dorsal view.
Fig. 1_a_. Apical view.
Fig. 2. _Dizonium pleuracanthum_, n. sp., × 400 636
Fig. 3. _Dizonium stauracanthum_, n. sp., × 300 636
Fig. 4. _Trizonium tricinctum_, n. sp., × 300 637
Dorsal view.
Fig. 4_a_. Lateral view.
Fig. 4_b_. Apical view.
Fig. 5. _Amphipyle tetraceros_, n. sp., × 400 642
Dorsal view.
Fig. 6. _Amphipyle callizona_, n. sp., × 300 644
Dorsal view.
Fig. 7. _Amphipyle amphiptera_, n. sp., × 300 642
Dorsal view.
Fig. 7_a_. Lateral view.
Fig. 8. _Tetrapyle circularis_, n. sp., × 300 645
Dorsal view.
Fig. 9. _Tetrapyle pleuracantha_, n. sp., × 400 646
Dorsal view. The lentelliptical central capsule is visible
between medullary and cortical shell.
Fig. 10. _Tetrapyle turrita_, n. sp., × 400 649
Oblique view, half dorsal, half lateral.
Fig. 11. _Octopyle stenozona_, n. sp., × 400 652
Dorsal view.
Fig. 12. _Octopyle sexangulata_, n. sp., × 300 653
Dorsal view.
Fig. 13. _Octopyle decastyle_, n. sp., × 300 654
Dorsal view.
Fig. 13_a_. Lateral view.
Fig. 14. _Pylonium quadricorne_, n. sp., × 400 655
Dorsal view.
Fig. 15. _Tetrapylonium quadrangulare_, n. sp., × 300 658
Dorsal view.
Fig. 16. _Pylozonium octacanthum_, n. sp., × 300 660
Dorsal view.
[Illustration: 1.-4. TRIZONIUM, 5.-7. AMPHIPYLE. 8.-10. TETRAPYLE, 11.-13.
OCTOPYLE, 14.-16. PYLONIUM.]
PLATE 10.
LEGION SPUMELLARIA.
Order LARCOIDEA.
Family THOLONIDA.
Fig. 1. _Tholartus tricolus_, n. sp., × 200 664
Fig. 2. _Tholodes cupula_, n. sp., × 500 665
Fig. 3. _Amphitholus artiscus_, n. sp., × 400 666
Fig. 4. _Amphitholus panicium_, n. sp., × 500 668
Fig. 5. _Amphitholus acanthometra_, n. sp., × 300 667
Fig. 6. _Amphitholus acanthometra_, n. sp., × 300 667
Frontal section of the shell.
Fig. 7. _Amphitholonium tricolonium_, n. sp., × 300 669
Fig. 8. _Staurotholus tetrastylus_, n. sp., × 300 673
Fig. 9. _Staurotholus dodecastylus_, n. sp., × 400 674
Fig. 10. _Tholoma quadrigeminum_, n. sp., × 200 672
Fig. 11. _Staurotholonium octodoronium_, n. sp., × 300 676
Fig. 12. _Tholocubus tessellatus_, n. sp., × 200 677
Fig. 13. _Tholoma metallasson_, n. sp., × 300 672
Fig. 14. _Cubotholus regularis_, n. sp., × 200 680
Fig. 15. _Cubotholonium ellipsoides_, n. sp., × 300 682
Fig. 16. _Tholocubus tesseralis_, n. sp., × 400 678
Fig. 17. _Tholonium hexonium_, × 400 679
[Illustration: 1. 2. THOLARTUS, 3.-7. AMPHITHOLUS, 8.-10. STAUROTHOLUS,
11.-13. THOLOMA, 14. 15. CUBOTHOLUS, 16. 17. THOLONIUM.]
PLATE 11.
LEGION SPUMELLARIA.
Order SPHÆROIDEA.
Family ASTROSPHÆRIDA.
Fig. 1. _Lychnosphæra regina_, n. sp., × 200 277
The entire shell and the central capsule. Numerous
club-shaped radial apophyses or coecal sacs arise from
the pink central capsule and are protruded through the
pores of the medullary shell, which is completely
hidden by them. The sarcomatrix in the calymma,
surrounding the central capsule, exhibits a fine radial
striation. Numerous retracted pseudopodia, bearing red
granules, arise from the sarcomatrix and pierce the
calymma radially. The interval between the two
concentric shells is filled up by the hyaline calymma.
Fig. 2. _Lychnosphæra regina_, n. sp., × 400 277
A part of the cortical shell, with a radial spine.
Fig. 3. _Lychnosphæra regina_, n. sp., × 400 277
The medullary shell and the basal parts of the radial
spines arising from it.
Fig. 4. _Lychnosphæra regina_, n. sp., × 400 277
Distal end of a radial spine.
Fig. 5. _Rhizoplegma lychnosphæra_, n. sp., × 200 276
The central capsule and the enclosed parts of the skeleton.
The protoplasm is radially striped. The central nucleus
(red) sends out numerous radial apophyses, which are
protruded through the pores of the medullary shell.
[Illustration: LYCHNOSPHAERA.]
PLATE 12.
LEGION SPUMELLARIA.
Orders PHÆOSPHÆRIA ET SPHÆROIDEA.
Families OROSPHÆRIDA, ASTROSPHÆRIDA et LIOSPHÆRIDA.
Fig. 1. _Orosphæra huxleyii_, n. sp. (vel _Oroscena
huxleyii_), × 50 1599
Fig. 1_a_. A piece of the network, the bars of which
contain partly an axial canal, × 200 1599
Fig. 2. _Conosphæra orthoconus_, n. sp., × 200 221
Fig. 3. _Conosphæra platyconus_, n. sp., × 300 221
Fig. 4. _Conosphæra plagioconus_, n. sp., × 300 222
Fig. 5. _Ethmosphæra conosiphonia_, n. sp., × 400 69
Fig. 5_a_. Vertical section through the wall.
Fig. 6. _Ethmosphæra polysiphonia_, n. sp., × 400 70
Fig. 7. _Cenosphæra compacta_, n. sp., × 300 65
Fig. 8. _Cenosphæra elysia_, n. sp., × 300 64
Fig. 8_a_. Vertical section through the wall.
Fig. 9. _Cenosphæra mellifica_, n. sp., × 300 62
Fig. 10. _Cenosphæra favosa_, n. sp., × 300 62
Fig. 10_a_. Vertical section through the wall.
Fig. 11. _Cenosphæra vesparia_, n. sp., × 300 62
Fig. 11_a_. Vertical section through the wall.
[Illustration: 1. OROSPHAERA, 2.-4. CONOSPHAERA, 5. 6. ETHMOSPHAERA, 7.-11.
CERIOSPHAERA.]
PLATE 13.
LEGION SPUMELLARIA.
Orders SPHÆROIDEA ET PRUNOIDEA.
Families STYLOSPHÆRIDA et ELLIPSIDA.
Fig. 1. _Ellipsostylus aquila_, n. sp., × 300 300
Fig. 2. _Ellipsostylus hirundo_, n. sp., × 300 301
Fig. 3. _Ellipsostylus columba_, n. sp., × 300 300
Fig. 4. _Xiphostylus alcedo_, n. sp., × 400 127
Fig. 5. _Xiphostylus edolius_, n. sp., × 400 130
Fig. 6. _Ellipsostylus psittacus_, n. sp., × 400 300
Fig. 7. _Stylostaurus caudatus_, n. sp., × 400 157
Fig. 8. _Ellipsostylus ciconia_, n. sp., × 300 300
Fig. 9. _Xiphostylus phasianus_, n. sp., × 400 127
Fig. 10. _Xiphostylus trochilus_, n. sp., × 300 129
Fig. 11. _Xiphostylus emberiza_, n. sp., × 300 131
Fig. 12. _Saturnalis circoideus_, n. sp., × 400 132
Not fully developed.
Fig. 13. _Xiphostylus alca_, n. sp., × 300 130
Fig. 14. _Xiphostylus falco_, n. sp., × 300 130
Fig. 15. _Saturnalis rotula_, n. sp., × 400 133
Fig. 16. _Saturnalis annularis_, n. sp., × 400 132
[Illustration: 1.-14. XIPHOSTYLUS. 15. 16. SATURNALIS.]
PLATE 14.
LEGION SPUMELLARIA.
Orders SPHÆROIDEA ET PRUNOIDEA.
Families STYLOSPHÆRIDA et ELLIPSIDA.
Fig. 1. _Ellipsoxiphus atractus_, n. sp., × 300 298
Fig. 2. _Xiphosphæra venus_, n. sp., × 300 123
Fig. 3. _Ellipsoxiphus claviger_, n. sp., × 300 297
Fig. 4. _Xiphosphæra pallas_, n. sp., × 400 124
Fig. 5. _Xiphosphæra gæa_, n. sp., × 400 123
Fig. 6. _Xiphosphæra vesta_, n. sp., × 300 126
Fig. 7. _Ellipsoxiphus elegans_, n. sp., var. _palliatus_, × 400 296
Fig. 8. _Lithapium halicapsa_, n. sp., × 300 303
Fig. 9. _Lithapium pyriforme_, n. sp., × 300 303
Fig. 10. _Lithapium monocyrtis_, n. sp., × 300 304
Fig. 11. _Ellipsoxiphus bipolaris_, n. sp., × 600 297
Fig. 12. _Xiphostylus trogon_, n. sp., × 400 129
Fig. 13. _Xiphostylus picus_, n. sp., × 300 129
Fig. 14. _Lithomespilus flammabundus_, n. sp., × 400 303
Fig. 15. _Xiphostylus alauda_, n. sp., × 400 128
Fig. 16. _Lithomespilus phloginus_, n. sp., × 600 302
Fig. 17. _Lithomespilus phlogoides_, n. sp., × 600 302
[Illustration: 1.-11. XIPHOSPHAERA, 12-17. LITHOMESPILUS.]
PLATE 15.
LEGION SPUMELLARIA.
Orders SPHÆROIDEA ET PRUNOIDEA.
Families STAUROSPHÆRIDA et DRUPPULIDA.
Fig. 1. _Cromyatractus tetracelyphus_, n. sp., × 300 335
Fig. 1_a_. The two inner medullary shells.
Fig. 2. _Cromyatractus tetraphractus_, n. sp., × 300 335
Fig. 3. _Cromyatractus cepicius_, n. sp., × 300 336
The spongy distal part of a polar spine.
Fig. 4. _Cromyatractus ceparius_, n. sp. (vel _Caryostylus
ceparius_), × 300 336
Fig. 5. _Staurolonche pertusa_, n. sp., × 300 159
Fig. 5_a_. Its medullary shell.
Fig. 6. _Staurosphæra philippi_, n. sp., × 300 154
Fig. 7. _Stauroxiphus gladius_, n. sp., × 400 163
Fig. 8. _Staurocaryum arborescens_, n. sp., × 300 167
Fig. 9. _Rhizoplegma radicatum_, n. sp., × 200 276
Fig. 9_a_. The medullary shell, which is completely hidden
in fig. 9 by the numerous club-shaped apophyses of the
central capsule.
[Illustration: 1. 2. STYLOCROMYUM, 3. 4. CARYOSTYLOS, 5.-7. STAUROLONCHE,
8. STAUROCARYUM, 9. RHIZOPLEGMA.]
PLATE 16.
LEGION SPUMELLARIA.
Orders SPHÆROIDEA ET PRUNOIDEA.
Families STYLOSPHÆRIDA et DRUPPULIDA.
Fig. 1. _Stylosphæra melpomene_, n. sp., × 300 135
Fig. 2. _Lithatractus jugatus_, n. sp., (vel _Stylosphæra
jugata_), × 400 323
Fig. 3. _Lithatractus fragilis_, n. sp. (vel _Stylosphæra
fragilis_), × 400 319
Fig. 4. _Stylosphæra lithatractus_, n. sp., × 300
The entire shell.
Fig. 5. _Stylosphæra lithatractus_, n. sp., × 300
The greater part of the cortical shell and the two spines
taken off.
The description of _Stylosphæra lithatractus_ (intermediate
between _Stylosphæra jugata_ and _Stylosphæra
terpsichore_, p. 137) is by mistake not given in the
text.
Fig. 6. _Stylosphæra calliope_, n. sp., × 400 134
Fig. 7. _Stylosphæra clio_, n. sp., × 400 134
Fig. 8. _Druppatractus ostracion_, n. sp., × 300 326
The entire shell.
Fig. 9. _Druppatractus ostracion_, n. sp., × 300 326
The anterior half of the cortical shell has been removed.
Fig. 10. _Druppatractus hippocampus_, n. sp., × 300 324
The entire shell.
Fig. 11. _Druppatractus hippocampus_, n. sp., × 300 324
The greater part of the cortical shell has been removed.
Fig. 12. _Stylosphæra nana_, n. sp., × 300 136
The entire shell
Fig. 13. _Stylosphæra nana_, n. sp., × 300 136
The greater part of the cortical shell taken off.
Fig. 14. _Sphærostylus ophidium_, n. sp., × 300 140
The entire shell.
Fig. 15. _Sphærostylus ophidium_, n. sp., × 300 140
The medullary shell alone.
Fig. 16. _Saturnulus ellipticus_, n. sp., × 400 141
Fig. 17. _Saturnulus planetes_, n. sp., × 400 142
[Illustration: 1.-15. STYLOSPHAERA. 16. 17. SATURNULUS.]
PLATE 17.
LEGION SPUMELLARIA.
Orders SPHÆROIDEA ET PRUNOIDEA.
Families STYLOSPHÆRIDA, DRUPPULIDA et SPONGURIDA.
Fig. 1. _Stylatractus giganteus_, n. sp. (vel _Amphistylus
giganteus_), × 300 329
Fig. 2. _Stylatractus sethoporus_, n. sp., × 400 330
The greater part of the cortical shell taken off.
Fig. 3. _Stylatractus sethoporus_, n. sp., × 400 330
The entire cortical shell.
Fig. 4. _Stylatractus compactus_, n. sp., × 400 329
Fig. 5. _Amphisphæra cronos_, n. sp. (vel _Amphistylus
cronos_), × 400 144
Fig. 6. _Stylatractus neptunus_, n. sp. (vel _Amphisphæra
neptunus_), × 300 328
Fig. 7. _Amphisphæra pluto_, n. sp., × 300 144
The entire cortical shell.
Fig. 8. _Amphisphæra pluto_, n. sp., × 300 144
Meridional section through the three concentric shells.
Fig. 9. _Xiphatractus glyptodon_, n. sp., × 400 334
The entire cortical shell.
Fig. 10. _Xiphatractus glyptodon_, n. sp., × 400 334
The greater part of the cortical shell taken off.
Fig. 11. _Xiphatractus armadillo_, n. sp., × 400 332
Fig. 12. _Spongoxiphus prunococcus_, n. sp., × 300 354
The spongy cortical shell.
Fig. 13. _Spongoxiphus prunococcus_, n. sp., × 600 354
The two concentric latticed medullary shells.
[Illustration: 1.-11. AMPHISTYLUS, 12. 13. SPONGOSTYLUS.]
PLATE 18.
LEGION SPUMELLARIA.
Order SPHÆROIDEA.
Families LIOSPHÆRIDA et ASTROSPHÆRIDA.
Fig. 1. _Centrocubus cladostylus_, n. sp., × 100 278
Fig. 2. _Octodendron spathillatum_, n. sp., × 300 280
The entire inner shell, but a small part only of the outer
shell is represented.
Fig. 3. _Octodendron cubocentron_, n. sp., × 400 279
The central capsule (somewhat irregular by compression?)
exhibits a large excentric nucleus (probably dislocated
artificially?).
Fig. 4. _Octodendron spathillatum_, n. sp., × 800 280
Free distal end of a radial spine, with the spathillæ on
the end of the branches.
Fig. 5. _Rhizosphæra serrata_, n. sp., × 300 284
Fig. 6. _Rhizosphæra serrata_, n. sp., × 300 284
Medullary shell.
Fig. 7. _Rhizosphæra serrata_, n. sp., × 600 284
A single radial spine.
Fig. 8. _Plegmosphæra exodictyon_, n. sp., × 200 89
The central shell-cavity encloses the spherical central
capsule and the concentric nucleus.
Fig. 9. _Spongodrymus elaphococcus_, n. sp., × 150 272
The entire inner shell, but only a small part of the outer
spongy envelope is represented.
[Illustration: 1.-4. CENTROCUBUS, 5.-7. RHIZOSPHAERA, 8. PLEGMOSPHAERA, 9.
SPONGODRYMUS.]
PLATE 19.
LEGION SPUMELLARIA.
Order SPHÆROIDEA.
Family ASTROSPHÆRIDA.
Fig. 1. _Drymosphæra polygonalis_, n. sp., × 200 249
Fig. 2. _Leptosphæra hexagonalis_, n. sp., × 200 244
Showing the central capsule (forming numerous club-shaped
protuberances) and the simple spherical nucleus in its
centre. The skeleton is nearly the same as in
_Diplosphæra hexagonalis_ (fig. 3).
Fig. 3. _Diplosphæra hexagonalis_, n. sp., × 200 246
The spherical central capsule, with radially striped
protoplasm, is enclosed in the inner shell, and
exhibits in its centre the clear spherical nucleus.
Fig. 4. _Astrosphæra hexagonalis_, n. sp., × 300 250
Fig. 5. _Astrosphæra stellata_, n. sp., × 300 251
The central capsule, enclosed in the inner shell, exhibits
a distinct radial striation of the protoplasm, and in
the centre a clear spherical nucleus.
Fig. 6. _Haliomma rhodococcus_, n. sp. (vel _Sethosphæra
rhodococcus_), × 400 237
The greater part of the outer shell is removed.
[Illustration: 1.-5. DIPLOSPHAERA, 6. SETHOSPHAERA.]
PLATE 20.
LEGION SPUMELLARIA.
Order SPHÆROIDEA.
Families LIOSPHÆRIDA et ASTROSPHÆRIDA.
Fig. 1. _Drymosphæra dendrophora_, n. sp., × 300 249
Fig. 1_a_. Meridional section through the central capsule.
In the centre the large spherical nucleus is visible.
The protoplasm around it is distinctly radiate. From
the central capsule arise numerous club-shaped
apophyses or cæcal sacs, which are protruded through
the meshes of the inner shell, × 300
Fig. 1_b_. Basal part of a single radial spine, and its
connection with the network of the two shells, × 400
Fig. 2. _Liosphæra polypora_, n. sp., × 300 78
The greater part of the outer shell is removed.
Fig. 3. _Liosphæra hexagonia_, n. sp., × 400 76
Fig. 4. _Carposphæra melitomma_, n. sp. (vel _Melitomma
melittosphæra_), × 400 73
[Illustration: 1. DRYMOSPHAERA, 2.-4. MELITOMMA.]
PLATE 21.
LEGION SPUMELLARIA.
Order SPHÆROIDEA.
Family CUBOSPHÆRIDA.
Fig. 1. _Hexastylus cochleatus_, n. sp., × 400 174
From the central capsule, enclosed in the shell, numerous
delicate radial pseudopodia arise, which are protruded
through the pores of the shell.
Fig. 2. _Hexastylus triaxonius_, n. sp., × 400 175
Fig. 3. _Hexastylus phænaxonius_, n. sp., × 300 171
Fig. 4. _Hexastylus thaletis_, n. sp., × 400 172
Fig. 5. _Hexastylus minimus_, n. sp., × 400 172
Fig. 6. _Hexastylus dimensivus_, n. sp., × 400 175
Fig. 7. _Hexastylus spiralis_, n. sp., × 400 177
Fig. 8. _Hexastylus dictyotus_, n. sp., × 400 176
Fig. 9. _Hexastylus dictyotus_, n. sp., × 400 176
Central capsule with concentric nucleus and nucleolus; the
protoplasm is radially striped.
Fig. 10. _Hexastylus marginatus_, n. sp., × 400 176
Fig. 10_a_. Radial section through the shell-wall.
Fig. 11. _Hexastylus solonis_, n. sp., × 400 173
Fig. 12. _Hexastylus contortus_, n. sp., × 300 177
[Illustration: HEXASTYLUS.]
PLATE 22.
LEGION SPUMELLARIA.
Order SPHÆROIDEA.
Family CUBOSPHÆRIDA.
Fig. 1. _Hexalonche pythagoræa_, n. sp., × 300 185
Fig. 2. _Hexalonche conicornis_, n. sp., × 300 181
Fig. 3. _Hexalonche aristarchi_, n. sp., × 400 185
Fig. 4. _Hexalonche philosophica_, n. sp., × 400 186
Fig. 5. _Hexalonche anaximandri_, n. sp., × 400 182
Fig. 6. _Hexalonche octocolpa_, n. sp., × 300 183
Fig. 6_a_. The inner shell alone.
Fig. 7. _Hexalonche heracliti_, n. sp., × 300 187
Fig. 8. _Hexalonche octahedra_, n. sp., × 400 181
Fig. 8_a_. The inner shell alone.
Fig. 9. _Hexancistra tricuspis_, n. sp., × 300 188
Fig. 10. _Hexancistra triserrata_, n. sp., × 300 188
Fig. 11. _Hexancistra quadricuspis_, n. sp., × 300 189
[Illustration: 1.-8. HEXALONCHE, 9.-11. HEXANCISTRA.]
PLATE 23.
LEGION SPUMELLARIA.
Order SPHÆROIDEA.
Family CUBOSPHÆRIDA.
Fig. 1. _Hexadendron bipinnatum_, n. sp., × 400 200
Fig. 2. _Hexacromyum octahedrum_, n. sp., × 400 202
Fig. 3. _Hexancistra mirabilis_, n. sp. (= _Hexapitys
mirabilis_), × 400 189
The spherical central capsule encloses the concentric
spherical inner shell (which is filled up by the
nucleus), and is surrounded by the octahedral outer
shell. The latter is enveloped by the octahedral
calymma, which is radially striated and contains
numerous xanthellæ.
Fig. 4. _Hexacaryum arborescens_, n. sp., × 400 203
Fig. 5. _Hexacontium clavigerum_, n. sp., × 300 19
[Illustration: 1. 2. HEXADENDRUM, 3. HEXAPYTIS, 4. HEXACARYUM, 5.
HEXACONTIUM.]
PLATE 24.
LEGION SPUMELLARIA.
Order SPHÆROIDEA.
Family CUBOSPHÆRIDA.
Fig. 1. _Hexacontium sceptrum_, n. sp., × 400 194
Fig. 1_a_. The two medullary shells.
Fig. 2. _Hexacontium favosum_, n. sp., × 400 194
Fig. 2_a_. The two medullary shells.
Fig. 3. _Hexacontium axotrias_, n. sp., × 300 192
The six lattice-plates, which form the cortical shell, are
not yet fully developed.
Fig. 4. _Hexacontium floridum_, n. sp., × 300 195
Fig. 4_a_. The two medullary shells.
Fig. 5. _Hexacontium papillosum_, n. sp., × 400 197
Fig. 5_a_. The two medullary shells.
Fig. 6. _Hexacontium lævigatum_, n. sp., × 400 193
The contours of the two medullary shells are visible in the
centre.
Fig. 7. _Hexacontium prionacanthum_, n. sp., × 400 195
Fig. 7_a_. The two medullary shells, connected with a
fragment of the cortical shell.
Fig. 8. _Cubosphæra cubaxonia_, n. sp., × 400 203
Fig. 8_a_. A single radial spine.
Fig. 9. _Hexacromyum elegans_, n. sp., × 400 201
A part of the two cortical shells is broken off.
[Illustration: 1.-7. HEXACONTIUM, 8. 9. HEXACROMYUM.]
PLATE 25.
LEGION SPUMELLARIA.
Order SPHÆROIDEA.
Family CUBOSPHÆRIDA.
Fig. 1. _Hexadoridium streptacanthum_, n. sp., × 400 206
Fig. 1_a_. The two concentric medullary shells.
Fig. 2. _Hexalonche amphisiphon_, n. sp., × 300 182
Fig. 2_a_. Medullary shell connected with a fragment of the
cortical shell.
Fig. 2_b_. Vertical section through the wall of the
cortical shell. (Below the centre of the Plate, also
lettered 3_a_ by mistake.)
Fig. 3. _Hexalonche rosetta_, n. sp., × 400 180
Fig. _3a_. Medullary shell.
Fig. _3b_. Vertical section through the wall of the
cortical shell.
Fig. 4. _Hexalonche curvicornis_, n. sp., × 300 181
Outer shell not yet complete, or partly broken off (?).
Fig. 5. _Hexalonche anaximenis_, n. sp., × 400 183
Fig. 6. _Hexalonche hystricina_, n. sp., × 300 187
Fig. 7. _Hexacontium circumtextum_, n. sp., × 400 193
Fig. 7_a_. Vertical section through the double wall of the
cortical shell.
Fig. 8. _Hexacontium gladiatum_, n. sp., × 400 198
A part of the two outer shells and of the radial spines is
broken off.
[Illustration: 1. HEXADORAS, 2.-6. HEXALONCHE, 7. 8. HEXACONTIUM.]
PLATE 26.
LEGION SPUMELLARIA.
Order SPHÆROIDEA.
Families LIOSPHÆRIDA et ASTROSPHÆRIDA.
Fig. 1. _Coscinomma amphisiphon_, n. sp., × 300 222
Fig. 1_a_. A piece of the lattice-shell, × 600
Fig. 1_b_. Vertical section through the shell-wall, × 600
Fig. 2. _Heliosphæra hexagonaria_, n. sp., × 300 217
Fig. 3. _Acanthosphæra castanea_, n. sp., × 400 211
Fig. 4. _Acanthosphæra angulata_, n. sp., × 300 216
Fig. 5. _Acanthosphæra reticulata_, n. sp., × 300 217
Fig. 6. _Heliosphæra coronata_, n. sp., × 400 219
Fig. 6_a_. A single pore with its coronal, × 300
Fig. 7. _Acanthosphæra mucronata_, n. sp., × 400 212
Fig. 8. _Acanthosphæra clavata_, n. sp., × 400 212
Fig. 9. _Heliosphæra pectinata_, n. sp., × 400 218
Fig. 10. _Cenosphæra perforata_, n. sp., × 400 66
Fig. 11. _Cenosphæra coronata_, n. sp., × 400 67
[Illustration: 1. 2. HELIOSPHAERA, 3.-9. ACANTHOSPHAERA, 10. 11.
CERIOSPHAERA.]
PLATE 27.
LEGION SPUMELLARIA.
Order SPHÆROIDEA.
Family ASTROSPHÆRIDA.
Fig. 1. _Cladococcus pinetum_, n. sp., × 300 226
Fig. 2. _Cladococcus scoparius_, n. sp., × 300 225
Fig. 3. _Cladococcus abietinus_, n. sp., × 300 226
The central capsule, enclosed originally in the shell,
sends out numerous club-shaped apophyses through the
pores of the lattice-sphere. The central spherical
nucleus fills up half the shell-cavity.
Fig. 4. _Cladococcus stalactites_, n. sp., × 300 227
Fig. 5. _Cladococcus dendrites_, n. sp., × 200 227
[Illustration: CLADOCOCCUS.]
PLATE 28.
LEGION SPUMELLARIA.
Order SPHÆROIDEA.
Families LIOSPHÆRIDA et ASTROSPHÆRIDA.
Fig. 1. _Haliomma lirianthus_, n. sp., × 300 232
Fig. 1_a_. Medullary shell, × 300
Fig. _1b_. Three pores of the cortical shell, × 900
Fig. 2. _Carposphæra nodosa_, n. sp., × 300 76
Fig. 2_a_. The medullary shell is visible, the upper half
of the cortical shell being taken off, × 300
Fig. 3. _Heliosoma radians_, n. sp., × 300 240
Fig. 3_a_. Medullary shell, × 300
Fig. 4. _Heliosoma hastatum_, n. sp., × 400 241
Fig. 5. _Haliomma compactum_, n. sp., × 400 239
Fig. 5_a_. The upper half of the cortical shell is removed, × 300
Fig. 6. _Haliomma macrodoras_, n. sp., × 400 238
Fig. 7. _Haliomma circumtextum_, n sp., × 400 233
Fig. 8. _Elatomma juniperinum_, n. sp., × 400 243
Fig. 8_a_. Medullary shell, × 400
[Illustration: 1. 2. ANTHOMMA, 3. HELIOSOMA, 4.-7. HALIOMMA, 8. ELATOMMA.]
PLATE 29.
LEGION SPUMELLARIA.
Order SPHÆROIDEA.
Family ASTROSPHÆRIDA.
Fig. 1. _Echinomma toxopneustes_, n. sp., × 400 259
Fig. 2. _Echinomma sphærechinus_, n. sp., × 400 258
Fig. 3. _Actinomma denticulatum_, n. sp., × 400 254
Fig. 4. _Actinomma pachyderma_, n. sp., × 400 254
The half of the cortical shell is removed.
Fig. 5. _Actinomma pachyderma_, n. sp., × 400 254
Fig. 6. _Actinomma capillaceum_, n. sp., × 300 255
Fig. 7. _Actinomma arcadophorum_, n. sp., × 400 255
A part of the two outer shells is removed.
Fig. 8. _Actinomma arcadophorum_, n. sp., × 400 255
Inner medullary shell.
Fig. 9. _Pityomma drymodes_, n. sp., × 300 260
A part of the two outer shells is removed.
[Illustration: 1.-8. ACTINOMMA, 9. PITYOMMA.]
PLATE 30.
LEGION SPUMELLARIA.
Order SPHÆROIDEA.
Families LIOSPHÆRIDA et ASTROSPHÆRIDA.
Fig. 1. _Cromyechinus icosacanthus_, n. sp., × 300 263
Fig. 2. _Cromyomma villosum_, n. sp., × 300 261
Fig. 3. _Cromyechinus dodecacanthus_, n. sp., × 400 264
Fig. 3_a_. The innermost shells.
Fig. 4. _Cromyomma circumtextum_, n. sp., × 300 262
Fig. 5. _Cromyomma mucronatum_, n. sp., × 200 263
Fig. 5_a_. The innermost shells.
Fig. 6. _Cromyodrymus abietinus_, n. sp., × 300 265
Fig. 7. _Cromyodrymus quadricuspis_, n. sp., × 400 264
Fig. 7_a_. The inner concentric shells.
Fig. 8. _Cromyomma perspicuum_, n. sp., × 300 262
Fig. 9. _Cromyosphæra quadruplex_, n. sp., × 300 84
Fig. 9_a_. The innermost shells.
[Illustration: 1.-5. CROMYOMMA, 6. 7. CROMYODRYMUS, 8. 9. CROMYOSPHAERA.]
PLATE 31.
LEGION SPUMELLARIA.
Order DISCOIDEA.
Families CENODISCIDA et PHACODISCIDA.
Fig. 1. _Sethostaurus orthostaurus_, n. sp., × 300 433
Fig. 2. _Sethostaurus orthostaurus_, n. sp., × 300 433
Vertical section through the centrum.
Fig. 3. _Sethostaurus recurvatus_, n. sp., × 100 434
Optical section through the equatorial plane.
Fig. 4. _Sethostaurus rhombostaurus_, n. sp., × 100 434
Optical section through the equatorial plane.
Fig. 5. _Sethostaurus cruciatus_, n. sp. (vel _Heliostaurus
cruciatus_), × 300 434
Fig. 6. _Phacostaurus oceanidum_, n. sp., × 300 435
Fig. 7. _Phacostaurus magnificus_, n. sp., × 400 436
Fig. 8. _Phacostaurus magnificus_, n. sp., × 200 436
Vertical section through the centrum.
Fig. 9. _Sethostylus distyliscus_, n. sp., × 400 428
Fig. 10. _Sethostylus dicylindrus_, n. sp., × 300 428
Marginal view.
Fig. 11. _Stylodiscus endostylus_, n. sp. (vel _Sethostylus
endostylus_), × 300 413
Fig. 12. _Phacostylus amphistylus_, n. sp., × 300 430
[Illustration: 1.-4. SETHOSTAURUS, 5. HELIOSTAURUS, 6. PHACOSTAURUS, 7. 8.
ASTROSTAURUS, 9.-11. SETHOSTYLUS, 12. PHACOSTYLUS.]
PLATE 32.
LEGION SPUMELLARIA.
Order DISCOIDEA.
Family PHACODISCIDA.
Fig. 1. _Astrophacus solaris_, n. sp., × 300 453
Fig. 2. _Astrophacus apollinis_, n. sp., × 300 455
Fig. 3. _Astrophacus phacodiscus_, n. sp., × 300 454
Vertical section through the centrum.
Fig. 4. _Astrosestrum ephyra_, n. sp., × 300 442
Fig. 4_a_. Transverse section through the double medullary
shell, × 300 442
Fig. 5. _Astrosestrum nauphanta_, n. sp., × 300 442
Fig. 6. _Phacostylus caudatus_, n. sp. (vel _Astrosestrum
caudatum_), × 200 431
Fig. 7. _Perizona scutella_, n. sp., × 400 427
Fig. 8. _Perizona pterygota_, n. sp., × 400 427
Fig. 8_a_. Medullary shells and radial beams connecting
them with the disk, × 300 427
[Illustration: 1.-3. ASTROPHACUS, 4.-6. ASTROSESTRUM, 7. 8. PERIZONA.]
PLATE 33.
LEGION SPUMELLARIA.
Order DISCOIDEA.
Family PHACODISCIDA.
Fig. 1. _Sethodiscus lenticula_, n. sp., × 300 423
Fig. 2. _Sethodiscus lenticula_, n. sp., × 300 423
Vertical section.
Fig. 3. _Sethodiscus macrococcus_, n. sp., × 300 423
Young shell, not yet closed, seen from the margin.
Fig. 4. _Periphæna cincta_, n. sp., × 400 426
Fig. 5. _Triactiscus tricuspis_, n. sp., × 300 432
Marginal view.
Fig. 6. _Triactiscus tripyramis_, n. sp., × 400 432
Fig. 7. _Heliodiscus cingillum_, n. sp., × 300 448
Fig. 8. _Heliodiscus asteriscus_, n. sp., × 300 445
Fig. 9. _Heliodrymus dendrocyclus_, n. sp.(vel _Heliocladus
dendrocyclus_), × 300 451
[Illustration: 1.-3. SETHODISCUS, 4. PERIPHAENA, 5. 6. TRIACTIS, 7. 8.
HELIODISCUS, 9. HELIOCLADUS.]
PLATE 34.
LEGION SPUMELLARIA.
Order DISCOIDEA.
Family PHACODISCIDA.
Fig. 1. _Sethostylus dentatus_, n. sp. (vel _Heliostylus
dentatus_), × 300 429
Upper half of the disk.
Fig. 2. _Sethostylus serratus_, n. sp. (vel _Heliostylus
serratus_), × 300 429
Lower half of the disk.
Fig. 3. _Heliosestrum octonum_, n. sp., × 300 440
Fig. 4. _Heliodiscus solaster_, n. sp., × 300 447
Fig. 5. _Heliodiscus echiniscus_, n. sp., × 400 448
Fig. 6. _Heliosestrum medusinum_, n. sp., × 300 438
Fig. 7. _Sethostaurus conostaurus_, n. sp., × 100 433
Normal form with four regular spines.
Fig. 8. _Sethostaurus conostaurus_, n. sp., × 100 433
Abnormal form with five spines.
Fig. 9. _Heliodiscus marginatus_, n. sp., × 100 449
Fig. 10. _Heliodiscus trochiscus_, n. sp., × 100 445
Fig. 11. _Heliodiscus polymorphus_, n. sp., × 100 447
Fig. 12. _Heliodiscus polymorphus_, n. sp., × 100 447
Fig. 13. _Heliodiscus trochiscus_, n. sp., × 100 445
Fig. 14. _Astrophacus trochiscus_, n. sp., × 100 453
[Illustration: 1. 2. HELIOSTYLUS, 3.-14. HELIODISCUS.]
PLATE 35.
LEGION SPUMELLARIA.
Order DISCOIDEA.
Family PHACODISCIDA.
Fig. 1. _Heliodiscus pertusus_, n. sp. (vel _Heliosestrum
pertusum_), × 400 448
Irregular form with ten (instead of eight) larger latticed
spines.
Fig. 2. _Heliodiscus glyphodon_, n. sp. (vel _Heliosestrum
glyphodon_), × 300 446
Fig. 3. _Heliodrymus ramosus_, n. sp., × 300 452
Fig. 4. _Heliodrymus ramosus_, n. sp., × 500 452
Medullary shell and a segment of the disk.
Fig. 5. _Heliodrymus viminalis_, n. sp., × 400 452
Marginal view.
Fig. 6. _Phacodiscus clypeus_, n. sp., × 400 425
Fig. 7. _Phacodiscus rotula_, n. sp., × 400 424
Marginal view.
Fig. 8. _Phacodiscus lentiformis_, n. sp., × 400 425
Vertical section nearly through the centre.
Fig. 9. _Phacodiscus clypeus_, n. sp., × 400 425
Vertical section nearly through the centre.
[Illustration: 1. 2. HELIOSESTRUM, 3.-5. HELIODRYMUS, 6.-9. PHACODISCUS.]
PLATE 36.
LEGION SPUMELLARIA.
Order DISCOIDEA.
Family COCCODISCIDA.
Fig. 1. _Coccodiscus lamarckii_, n. sp., × 500 459
The left half of the figure represents a horizontal section
through the peripheral shell, the right half a view of
the surface.
Fig. 2. _Coccodiscus goethei_, n. sp., × 500 461
Vertical section nearly through the centre.
Fig. 3. _Lithocyclia lenticula_, n. sp., × 400 459
Fig. 4. _Lithocyclia lenticula_, n. sp., × 400 459
Vertical section through the centre.
Fig. 5. _Coccocyclia helianthus_, n. sp., × 400 468
Fig. 6. _Coccocyclia helianthus_, n. sp., × 500 468
Vertical section through the outer medullary shell, showing
the inner.
Fig. 7. _Astrocyclia solaster_, n. sp., × 300 466
Fig. 8. _Astrocyclia heterocycla_, n. sp., × 400 468
Horizontal section through the equatorial plane.
[Illustration: 1. 2. COCCODISCUS, 3. 4. LITHOCYCLIA, 5. 6. COCCOCYCLIA, 7.
8. ASTROCYCLIA]
PLATE 37.
LEGION SPUMELLARIA.
Order DISCOIDEA.
Family COCCODISCIDA.
Fig. 1. _Staurocyclia cruciata_, n. sp., × 400 465
Fig. 2. _Staurocyclia phacostaurus_, n. sp., × 300 465
Fig. 3. _Staurocyclia phacostaurus_, n. sp., × 300 465
Vertical section through the centre.
Fig. 4. _Staurocyclia magniducis_, n. sp. (_Coccostaurus
magniducis_), × 300 466
Fig. 5. _Trigonocyclia triangularis_, n. sp., × 400 464
Fig. 6. _Stylocyclia prionacantha_, n. sp., × 500 462
A great part of the peripheral shell is removed.
Fig. 7. _Amphicyclia amphistyla_, n. sp., × 300 464
Vertical section through the centre.
Fig. 8. _Stylocyclia excavata_, n. sp., × 200 463
Vertical section through the centre.
[Illustration: 1.-3. STAUROCYCLIA, 4. COCCOSTAURUS, 5. TRIGONOCYCLIA, 6.-8.
STYLOCYCLIA.]
PLATE 38.
LEGION SPUMELLARIA.
Order DISCOIDEA.
Family COCCODISCIDA.
Fig. 1. _Amphicyclia chronometra_, n. sp., × 400 463
Fig. 2. _Amphicyclia pachydiscus_, n. sp., × 500 464
Vertical section through the centre.
Fig. 3. _Amphiactura amphibrachia_, n. sp., × 300 470
Fig. 4. _Amphiactura amphibrachia_, n. sp., × 150 470
Vertical section through the centre.
Fig. 5. _Diplactura diploconus_, n. sp., × 300 470
Fig. 6. _Trigonactura triacantha_, n. sp., × 200 472
Fig. 7. _Trigonactura triacantha_, n. sp., × 400 472
Vertical section nearly through the centre.
Fig. 8. _Hymenactura archimedis_, n. sp., × 300 473
Fig. 9. _Hymenactura copernici_, n. sp., × 200 475
[Illustration: 1. 2. AMPHICYCLIA, 3.-5. AMPHIACTURA, 6. 7. TRIGONACTURA, 8.
9. HYMENACTURA.]
PLATE 39.
LEGION SPUMELLARIA.
Order PRUNOIDEA.
Families ELLIPSIDA, DRUPPULIDA, ARTISCIDA et CYPHINIDA.
Fig. 1. _Cenellipsis faceta_, n. sp. (vel _Ellipsis
faceta_), × 300 291
Fig. 2. _Cenellipsis infundibulum_, n. sp. (vel _Ellipsis
infundibulum_), × 300 292
Fig. 3. _Druppula pandanus_, n. sp. (vel _Coccymelium
pandanus_), × 300 308
Fig. 4. _Prunulum coccymelium_, n. sp. (vel _Coccymelium
prunulum_), × 300 313
Fig. 5. _Prunocarpus artocarpium_, n. sp. (vel _Artocarpium
indicum_), × 300 316
Fig. 6. _Pipettella prismatica_, n. sp., × 300 305
Fig. 7. _Pipetta tuba_, n. sp., × 300 337
Fig. 8. _Pipetta fusus_, n. sp., × 300 337
Fig. 8_a_. The enclosed medullary shell.
Fig. 9. _Artiscus nodosus_, n. sp. (vel _Artidium
nodosum_), × 400 356
Fig. 10. _Cannartus violina_, n. sp., × 300 358
Fig. 11. _Cyphonium cribellum_, n. sp., × 200 365
Fig. 12. _Cyphonium virgineum_, n. sp. (vel _Ommatospyris
virginea_), × 400 363
Fig. 12_a_. Vertical section through the double medullary
shell.
Fig. 13. _Cypassis puella_, n. sp. (vel _Didymospyris
puella_), × 400 367
The enclosed central capsule is visible.
Fig. 14. _Cyphinus amphilophus_, N. sp., × 300 370
Fig. 15. _Pipettaria tubaria_, n. sp., × 300 339
Fig. 16. _Cannartidium mammiferum_, n. sp., × 300 375
Fig. 17. _Cannartidium mastophorum_, n. sp., × 150 375
Fig. 18. _Cannartidium bicinctum_, n. sp., × 300 374
Fig. 18_a_. Vertical section through the main axis.
Fig. 19. _Cannartiscus amphiconiscus_, n. sp., × 300 372
[Illustration: 1. 2. ELLIPSIS, 3. 4. COCCYMELIUM, 5. ARTOCARPIUM, 6.
PIPETTELLA, 7. 8. PIPETTA, 9. ARTIDIUM, 10. CANNARTUS, 11. 12.
OMMATOSPYRIS, 13. DIDYMOSPYRIS, 14. CYPHINIDIUM, 15.-19. CANNARTIDIUM.]
PLATE 40.
LEGION SPUMELLARIA.
Order PRUNOIDEA.
Families PANARTIDA et ZYGARTIDA.
Fig. 1. _Panartus diploconus_, n. sp., × 300 379
Fig. 2. _Panartus pluteus_, n. sp., × 300 382
Fig. 3. _Panartus tetrathalamus_, n. sp., × 300 378
Fig. 4. _Panicium coronatum_, n. sp. (vel _Panartidium
coronatum_), × 300 386
Fig. 5. _Peripanartus amphiconus_, n. sp., × 300 383
Fig. 6. _Peripanartus cylindrus_, n. sp., × 150 384
Fig. 7. _Peripanartus atractus_, n. sp., × 300 384
Fig. 8. _Peripanicium amphicorona_, n. sp., × 300 387
Fig. 9. _Panarium tubularium_, n. sp., × 300 390
Fig. 10. _Ommatocampe nereides_, n. sp., × 300 394
Fig. 11. _Cyphocolpus virginis_, n. sp. (vel _Zygartus
virginis_) × 300 369
Fig. 12. _Desmartus larvalis_, n. sp. (vel _Zygartus
larvalis_), × 300 398
Fig. 13. _Zygartus chrysalis_, n. sp. (vel _Zygocampe
chrysalis_), × 400 401
[Illustration: 1.-3. PANARTUS, 4. PANARTIDIUM, 5.-8. PERIPANARTUS, 9.
PANARIUM, 10. OMMATOCAMPE, 11.-13. ZYGARTUS.]