CYLINDERS.
Diameter of cylinders 15 inches.
Length of stroke 22 "
DRIVING-WHEELS.
Diameter of drivers 44 inches.
WHEEL-BASE.
Total wheel-base 9 ft. 9 inches.
Rigid " 9 ft. 9 inches.
TANK.
Capacity 750 gallons.
WEIGHT OF ENGINE IN WORKING ORDER.
Total weight of engine, about 60,000 pounds.
LOAD.
IN ADDITION TO WEIGHT OF ENGINE.
On a level 1375 gross tons.
" 20 ft. grade 650 " "
" 40 " 420 " "
" 60 " 310 " "
" 80 " 240 " "
" 100 " 195 " "
DIVISION VI.
TANK SWITCHING ENGINES.
CLASS 27-1/2 D.
General Design Illustrated by Print on Page 120.
CYLINDERS.
Diameter of cylinders 16 inches.
Length of stroke 22 "
DRIVING-WHEELS.
Diameter of drivers 44 to 48 inches.
WHEEL-BASE.
Total wheel-base 10 feet.
Rigid " 10 "
TANK.
Capacity 900 gallons.
WEIGHT OF ENGINE IN WORKING ORDER.
Total weight of engine, about 66,000 pounds.
LOAD.
IN ADDITION TO WEIGHT OF ENGINE.
On a level 1470 gross tons.
" 20 ft. grade 700 " "
" 40 " 455 " "
" 60 " 335 " "
" 80 " 260 " "
" 100 " 210 " "
[Illustration: Locomotive.]
DIVISION VII.
NARROW-GAUGE PASSENGER AND FREIGHT LOCOMOTIVES.
CLASS 8-1/2 C.
General Design Illustrated by Print on Page 124.
CYLINDERS.
Diameter of cylinders 9 inches.
Length of stroke 16 "
DRIVING-WHEELS.
Diameter of drivers 36 to 40 inches.
TRUCK.
TWO-WHEELED, WITH SWING BOLSTER AND RADIUS-BAR.
Diameter of wheels 24 inches.
WHEEL-BASE.
Total wheel-base 11 ft 11-1/2 inches.
Rigid " 6 ft. 3 inches.
TENDER.
ON FOUR OR SIX WHEELS.
Capacity of tank 500 gallons.
WEIGHT OF ENGINE IN WORKING ORDER.
On drivers 20,000 pounds.
On truck 5,000 "
------
Total weight of engine, about 25,000 "
LOAD.
IN ADDITION TO ENGINE AND TENDER.
On a level 480 gross tons.
" 20 ft. grade 225 " "
" 40 " 140 " "
" 60 " 105 " "
" 80 " 75 " "
" 100 " 60 " "
Engines of this class can be adapted to a gauge of 3 feet or upward.
DIVISION VII.
NARROW-GAUGE PASSENGER AND FREIGHT LOCOMOTIVES.
CLASS 9-1/2 C.
General Design Illustrated by Print on Page 124.
CYLINDERS.
Diameter of cylinders 10 inches.
Length of stroke 16 "
DRIVING-WHEELS.
Diameter of drivers 36 to 40 inches.
TRUCK.
TWO-WHEELED-WITH SWING BOLSTER AND RADIUS-BAR.
Diameter of wheels 24 inches.
WHEEL-BASE.
Total wheel-base 12 ft. 4-1/2 inches.
Rigid " 6 ft. 6 inches.
TENDER.
ON FOUR OR SIX WHEELS.
Capacity of tank 600 gallons.
WEIGHT OF ENGINE IN WORKING ORDER.
On drivers 25,000 pounds.
On pony truck 5,000 "
------
Total weight of engine, about 30,000 "
LOAD.
IN ADDITION TO ENGINE AND TENDER.
On a level 605 gross tons.
" 20 ft. grade 285 " "
" 40 " 175 " "
" 60 " 125 " "
" 80 " 95 " "
" 100 " 75 " "
Engines of this class can be adapted to a gauge of 3 feet or upward.
[Illustration: Locomotive.]
DIVISION VIII.
NARROW-GAUGE FREIGHT LOCOMOTIVES.
CLASS 12 D.
General Design Illustrated by Print on Page 128.
CYLINDERS.
Diameter of cylinders 11 inches.
Length of stroke 16 "
DRIVING-WHEELS.
Diameter of drivers 36 inches.
TRUCK.
TWO-WHEELED, WITH SWING BOLSTER AND RADIUS-BAR.
Diameter of wheels 24 inches.
WHEEL-BASE.
Total wheel-base 14 ft. 3 inches.
Rigid " 8 ft. 7 inches.
TENDER.
ON FOUR OR SIX WHEELS.
Capacity of tank 750 gallons.
WEIGHT OF ENGINE IN WORKING ORDER.
On drivers 31,000 pounds.
On truck 4,000 "
------
Total weight of engine, about 35,000 "
LOAD.
IN ADDITION TO ENGINE AND TENDER.
On a level 730 gross tons.
" 20 ft. grade 340 " "
" 40 " 220 " "
" 60 " 160 " "
" 80 " 120 " "
" 100 " 100 " "
Engines of this class can be adapted to a gauge of 3 feet or upward.
DIVISION VIII.
NARROW-GAUGE FREIGHT LOCOMOTIVES.
CLASS 14 D.
General Design Illustrated by Print on Page 128.
CYLINDERS.
Diameter of cylinders 12 inches.
Length of stroke 16 "
DRIVING-WHEELS.
Diameter of drivers 36 to 40 inches.
TRUCK.
TWO-WHEELED, WITH SWING BOLSTER AND RADIUS-BAR.
Diameter of wheels 24 inches.
WHEEL-BASE.
Total wheel-base 15 ft. 4 inches.
Rigid " 9 ft. 4 inches.
TENDER.
ON FOUR OR SIX WHEELS.
Capacity of tank 900 gallons.
WEIGHT OF ENGINE IN WORKING ORDER.
On drivers 36,000 pounds.
On truck 4,000 "
------
Total weight of engine, about 40,000 "
LOAD.
IN ADDITION TO ENGINE AND TENDER.
On a level 870 gross tons.
" 20 ft. grade 405 " "
" 40 " 255 " "
" 60 " 185 " "
" 80 " 140 " "
" 100 " 110 " "
Engines of this class can be adapted to a gauge of 3 feet or upward.
GENERAL SPECIFICATION.
The following general specification of an ordinary freight or
passenger locomotive is given to show principal features of
construction.
BOILER.
Of the best Pennsylvania cold-blast charcoal iron, three-eighths inch
thick, or of best homogeneous cast-steel, five-sixteenths inch thick;
all horizontal seams and junction of waist and fire-box
double-riveted. Boiler well and thoroughly stayed in all its parts,
provided with cleaning holes, etc. Extra welt-pieces riveted to inside
of side-sheets, providing double thickness of metal for studs of
expansion braces. Iron sheets three-eighths inch thick riveted with
three-fourths inch rivets, placed two inches from centre to centre.
Steel sheets five-sixteenths inch thick riveted with five-eighths inch
rivets, placed one and seven-eighths inches from centre to centre.
WAIST made straight, with two domes, steam being taken from the
forward dome; or with wagon-top and one dome.
FLUES of iron, lap-welded, with copper ferrules on fire-box ends; or
of seamless drawn copper or brass.
FIRE-BOX of best homogeneous cast-steel; side- and back-sheets
five-sixteenths inch thick; crown-sheet three-eighths inch thick;
flue-sheet one-half inch thick. Water space three inches sides and
back, four inches front. Stay bolts seven-eighths inch diameter,
screwed and riveted to sheets, and not over four and one-half inches
from centre to centre. Crown bars made of two pieces of wrought-iron
four and one-half inches by five-eighths inch, set one and one-half
inches above crown, bearing on side-sheets, placed not over four and
one-half inches from centre to centre, and secured by bolts fitted to
taper hole in crown-sheet, with head on under side of bolt, and nut on
top bearing on crown bars. Crown stayed by braces to dome and outside
shell of boiler. Fire-door opening formed by flanging and riveting
together the inner and outer sheets. Blow-off cock in back or side of
furnace operated from the footboard.
GRATES of cast-iron, plain or rocking, for wood and soft coal; and of
water tubes, for hard coal.
ASH-PAN, with double dampers, operated from the footboard, for wood
and soft coal; and with hopper with slide in bottom, for hard coal.
SMOKE-STACK of approved pattern suitable for the fuel.
CYLINDERS.
Placed horizontally; each cylinder cast in one piece with half-saddle;
right and left hand cylinders reversible and interchangeable;
accurately planed, fitted and bolted together in the most approved
manner. Oil valves to cylinders placed in cab and connected to
steam-chests by pipes running under jacket. Pipes proved to two
hundred pounds pressure.
PISTONS.
Heads and followers of cast-iron, fitted with two brass rings
babbited. Piston-rods of cold-rolled iron, fitted and keyed to pistons
and crossheads.
GUIDES.
Of steel, or iron case-hardened, fitted to guide-yoke extending
across, or secured to boiler and frames.
VALVE MOTION.
Most approved shifting link motion, graduated to cut off equally at
all points of the stroke. Links made of the best hammered iron well
case-hardened. Sliding block four and one-half inches long, with
flanges seven inches long. Rock shafts of wrought-iron. Reverse shaft
of wrought-iron, made with arms forged on.
THROTTLE-VALVE.
Balanced poppet throttle-valve of cast-iron, with double seats in
vertical arm of dry-pipe.
DRIVING-WHEELS.
CENTRES of cast-iron, with hollow spokes and rims.
TIRES of cast-steel, shrunk on wheel-centres. Flanged tires five and
one-half inches wide and two and three-eighths inches thick when
finished. Plain tires six inches wide and two and three-eighths inches
thick when finished.
AXLES of hammered iron.
WRIST-PINS of cast-steel, or iron case-hardened. SPRINGS of best
quality of cast-steel.
CONNECTING-RODS of best hammered iron, furnished with all necessary
straps, keys, and brasses, well fitted and finished. EQUALIZING BEAMS
of most approved arrangement, with steel bearings. Driving-boxes of
cast-iron with brass bearings babbited.
FRAMES.
Of hammered iron, forged solid, or with pedestals separate and bolted
and keyed to place. Pedestals cased with cast-iron gibs and wedges to
prevent wear by boxes. Braces bolted between pedestals, or welded in.
FEED WATER.
Supplied by one injector and one pump, or two brass pumps, with valves
and cages of best hard metal accurately fitted. Plunger of hollow
iron. Cock in feed-pipe regulated from footboard.
ENGINE TRUCK.
SQUARE wrought-iron frame, with centre-bearing swing bolster.
WHEELS of best spoke or plate pattern.
AXLES of best hammered iron, with inside journals.
SPRINGS of cast-steel, connected by equalizing beams.
HOUSE.
Of good pattern, substantially built of hard wood, fitted together
with joint-bolts. Roof finished to carlines in strips of ash and
walnut. Backboards with windows to raise and lower.
PILOT.
Of wood or iron.
FURNITURE.
Engine furnished with sand-box, alarm and signal bells, whistle, two
safety-valves, steam and water gauges, heater and gauge cocks,
oil-cans, etc. Also a complete set of tools, consisting of two
jack-screws, pinch-bar, monkey, packing, and flat wrenches, hammer,
chisels, etc.
FINISH.
Cylinders lagged with wood and cased with brass, or iron painted.
Heads of cast-iron polished, or of cast-brass.
Steam-chests with cast-iron tops; bodies cased with brass, or iron
painted.
Domes lagged with wood, with brass or iron casing on bodies, and
cast-iron top and bottom rings.
Boiler lagged with wood and jacketed with Russia iron secured by brass
bands polished.
GENERAL FEATURES OF CONSTRUCTION.
All principal parts of engine accurately fitted to gauges and
thoroughly interchangeable. All movable bolts and nuts and all wearing
surfaces made of steel or iron case-hardened. All wearing brasses made
of ingot copper and tin, alloyed in the proportion of seven parts of
the former to one of the latter. All bolts and threads to U. S.
standard.
TENDER.
On two four-wheeled trucks. Wheels of best plate pattern, thirty
inches in diameter. Truck frames of square wrought-iron with
equalizers between springs, or of bar-iron with wooden bolsters. Axles
of best hammered iron. Oil-tight boxes with brass bearings. Tank put
together with angle iron corners and strongly braced. Top and bottom
plates of No. 6 iron; side plates of No. 8 iron. Tender frame of wood
or iron.
PAINTING.
Engine and tender to be well painted and varnished.
[Transcriber's notes: Obvious printer's errors have been corrected,
all other inconsistencies are as in the original. The author's
spelling has been maintained.
V[] is used to mark square roots; e.g.: V[6 + 1] means the square root
of 6 + 1.]