By the action of Congress during the pas_Harper's New Monthly Magazine, No. V, October, 1850, Volume I.

been passed upon all the topics which have agitated the country during the

year. The bill in regard to the Texas boundary provides that the northern

line shall run on the line of 36° 30’ from the meridian of 100° to 103° of

west longitude—thence it shall run south to the 32d parallel of latitude,

and on that parallel to the Rio del Norte, and in the channel of that

river thence to its mouth. The State of Texas is to cede to the United

States all claims to the territory north of that line, and to relinquish

all claim for liability for her debts, &c., and is to receive from the

United States as a consideration the sum of ten millions of dollars. The

law will, of course, have no validity unless assented to by the State of

Texas. No action upon this subject has been taken by her authorities.

Previous to the passage of the bill, the Legislature of the State met in

special session called by Governor BELL, and received from him a long and

elaborate message in regard to the attempt made, under his direction, to

extend the laws and jurisdiction of Texas over the Santa Fé district of

New Mexico, and to the resistance which he had met from the authorities of

the Federal Government. After narrating the circumstances of the case, he

urges the necessity of asserting, promptly and by force, the claim of

Texas to the territory in question. He recommends the enactment of laws

authorizing the Executive to raise and maintain two regiments of mounted

volunteers for the Expedition. A bill was introduced in conformity with

this recommendation; but of its fate no reliable intelligence has yet been

received.—A resolution was introduced into the Texas Legislature calling

upon the governor for copies of any correspondence he might have had with

other states of the Confederacy, but it was not passed. A letter has been

published from General QUITMAN, Governor of Mississippi, stating that in

case of a collision between the authorities of Texas and those of the

United States, he should deem it his duty to aid the former.—Hon. THOS. J.

RUSK, whose term as U.S. Senator expires with the present session, has

been re-elected by the Legislature of Texas receiving 56 out of 64 votes.

He voted in favor of the bill of adjustment, and his re-election by so

large a majority is looked upon as indicating a disposition on the part of

the authorities to accept the terms proposed.—Both Houses of Congress have

agreed to adjourn on the 30th of September.

Intelligence from the Mexican Boundary Commission has been received to the

31st of August, on which day they were at Indianola, Texas. There was some

sickness among the members of the corps, but every thing looked

promising.—Hon. WILLIAM DUER, member of Congress from the Oswego District,

New York, has declined a re-election, in a letter in which he vindicates

the bills passed by Congress, and earnestly urges his constituents not to

encourage or permit any further agitation among them of questions

connected with slavery. Hon. E.G. SPAULDING, from the Erie District, and

Hon. GEORGE ASHMUN, of Massachusetts, also decline a re-election.—Captain

AMMIN BEY, of the Turkish Navy, arrived at New York on the 13th, in the

United States ship Erie, being sent out by his Government as special

Commissioner to collect information and make personal observations of the

character, resources, and condition of the United States. He is a

gentleman of ability, education, and experience and has been employed by

his Government on various confidential missions. He was the secret agent

of Turkey on the frontiers of Hungary during the recent struggle of that

gallant people with Austria and Russia. He has been warmly received here,

and enjoys every facility for prosecuting the objects of his mission.

Congress has appropriated $10,000 toward defraying the expenses of his

mission.—Hon. A.H.H. STUART, of Virginia, has been appointed Secretary of

the Interior, to fill the vacancy caused by the resignation of Mr.

M’KENNAN. He has accepted the appointment and entered upon the duties of

the office. Mr. M’KENNAN resigned on finding, from an experience of a day,

that his health was not adequate to the performance of the duties of the

place. Mr. STUART has been a member of Congress, where he was universally

recognized as a man of ability, assiduity, and character.—Mr. CONRAD, of

Louisiana, on accepting the office of Secretary of War, addressed a letter

to his constituents, explaining and justifying the course he had taken in

Congress. He said that opinions on the subject of the extension of slavery

might be classified as follows: 1. There are those who seek, through the

direct agency of the Federal Government, to introduce slavery into this

territory. 2. Those who wish, by the same means, to prevent this

introduction. 3. Those who resist any interference with the question by

the Federal Government, and would leave to the inhabitants of the country

the exclusive right to decide it. He claims to belong to the latter class.

The Union, he says, is too great a blessing to be staked upon any game of

hazard, and the prolongation of the controversy upon the subject of

slavery, he deems in itself a calamity “It alarms the South and agitates

the North; it alienates each from the other, and augments the number and

influence of those who wage an endless war against slavery, and whom this

discussion has raised to a political importance which, without it, they

never could have attained.”—Dr. HENRY NES, member of Congress from the

Fifteenth District of Pennsylvania, died at his residence in York on the

10th.—Several American citizens residing in Paris, having observed in the

London papers an account of a gross insult said to have been offered to

Hon. Mr. BARRINGER, United States Minister at Madrid, by General NARVAEZ

at Naples, wrote to him, assuring him of the cordial response upon which

he might count to such measures of redress as he should choose to adopt.

Mr. BARRINGER replied by declaring the whole story to be false in every

particular. In all his personal and official intercourse with him, he

says, General NARVAEZ had been most courteous and respectful.—An election

for state officers was held in Vermont on the first Tuesday of September,

which resulted in the choice of CHARLES R. WILLIAMS (Whig) for Governor,

and the re-election of Hon. Messrs. HEBARD and MEACHAM to Congress, from

the Second and Third Districts. THOMAS BARTLETT, jun., Democrat, was

elected in the Fourth District, and no choice was effected in the

First.—Professor J.W. WEBSTER was executed at Boston on the 30th of

August, pursuant to his sentence, for the murder of Dr. PARKMAN. He died

with great firmness and composure, professing and evincing the most

heartfelt penitence for his crime.—Intelligence has been received of the

death of the Reverend ADONIRAM JUDSON, D.D., who is known to all the world

as the oldest and one of the most laborious missionaries in foreign lands.

He left the United States for Calcutta in 1812, and has devoted the whole

of his life since that time to making Christianity known in Burmah. He

translated the Bible into the language of the country, besides compiling a

Dictionary of it, and performing an immense amount of other literary labor

in addition to the regular preaching of the gospel and the discharge of

other pastoral duties. He returned to this country in 1847, and married

Miss Emily Chubbuck, with whom he soon returned to his field of labor. His

health for the past few months has been gradually declining, and during

the last spring it had become so seriously impaired that a sea voyage was

deemed essential to its restoration. He accordingly embarked on board the

French bark, Aristide Marie, for the Isle of Bourbon, on the 3d of April;

but his disease made rapid advances, and after several days of intense

agony, he died on the 12th, and his body was committed to the deep on the

next day. Dr. JUDSON was attached to the Baptist Church, but his memory

will be held in the profoundest veneration, as his labors have been

cheered and sustained, by Christians of all denominations. He was a man of

ability, of learning, and of intense devotion to the welfare of his

fellow-men.—Bishop H.B. BASCOM, of the Methodist Episcopal Church South,

died at Louisville, Ky., on the 8th of September, after an illness of some

months’ continuance. He was in many respects one of the most influential

and distinguished members of the large denomination to which he belonged.

He enjoyed a very wide reputation for eloquence and was universally

regarded, by all who ever heard him, as one of the most brilliant and

effective of American orators. His person was large and commanding, his

voice sonorous and musical, and his manner exceedingly impressive. His

style was exceedingly florid, and elaborate, and his discourses abounded

in the most adventurous flights of fancy and imagination. He shared the

merits and the faults of what is generally and pretty correctly known as

the Southern and Western style of eloquence, and always spoke with great

effect. His labors in the service of the church have been long, arduous,

and successful. He has exerted a wide influence and has exerted it in

behalf of the noblest and most important of all interests. His death

occasions profound and universal regret.—JOHN INMAN, Esq., favorably known

to the country as a literary man, and as editor of the New York

_Commercial Advertiser_, died at his residence in New York, on the 30th of

August, after a lingering illness of several months. Mr. Inman was

educated for the bar, and practiced law for some years in New York; but

left the profession for the more congenial labors of literature. He was

engaged for some years upon the New York Mirror, and soon after became

associated with Colonel STONE, in the editorial conduct of the Commercial.

Upon the death of that gentleman in 1847, Mr. Inman became the principal

editor, and held that post, discharging its duties with ability, skill,

and unwearied assiduity, until failing health compelled him to relinquish

it during the last spring. He wrote frequently for the reviews and

magazines, and sustained confidential relations, as critic and literary

adviser, to the house of Harper and Brothers. He was a man of decided

talent, of extensive information, great industry and of unblemished

character. He died at the age of 47.

The most exciting event of the month has been the arrival of the

celebrated Swedish vocalist, JENNY LIND. She reached New York in the

Steamer _Atlantic_ on the 1st of September, and was received by a

demonstration of popular enthusiasm which has seldom been equaled in this

country. More than twenty thousand people gathered upon the wharf where

she landed, and crowded the streets through which she passed. She gave her

first concert at Castle Garden, in New York, on the evening of the 12th,

and this was rapidly followed by five others at the same place. The number

of persons present on each occasion could not have been less then seven

thousand. The receipts on the first night were about thirty thousand

dollars, and JENNY LIND immediately bestowed ten thousand upon several of

the worthiest charities of New York City. The enthusiasm which she excites

seems fully justified not more by her superiority as an artist than by her

personal qualities and character. Of her life a brief but spirited sketch,

from the graceful pen of her distinguished countrywoman, Miss BREMER, will

be found in another part of this Magazine. Her charities are already well

known and honored wherever there are hearts to glow at deeds of

enlightened benevolence. A young woman, who has not yet seen thirty years,

she has already bestowed upon benevolent objects half a million of

dollars, not inherited or won at a throw, but the fruit of a life of

severe and disheartening toil, and has appropriated to the benefit of her

native country the profits which she will reap from the willing soil of

America. As an artist she has powers which are met with but once or twice

in a generation. Her voice is in itself a wonder, and unlike most wonders

is beautiful to a degree which causes those who come under its influence

to forget surprise in pleasure. It is compared to all things beautiful

under the sun by those whose grateful task it is to set its attractions

forth in detail: to the flood of melody from the nightingale’s throat, to

light, to water which flows from a pure and inexhaustible spring. We shall

be content to say that it appears to us almost the ideal of a beautiful

sound. It would puzzle the nicest epicure of the ear, we think, to say in

what respect he would have its glorious quality modified. He might object

possibly at first to the slightest shade of huskiness which appears

sometimes in its lower tones, or to an equally slight sharpness in the

very highest, but if he listened long he would surely forget to object.

The purely musical quality of JENNY LIND’S voice is its crowning charm and

excellence, in comparison with which its great extent, brilliance, and

acquired flexibility are of but secondary worth. Its lowest tone can be

felt at a distance and above, or rather through, all noisy obstacles and

surroundings, whether they be vocal or instrumental. Another of its chief

charms is its seeming inexhaustibility. It pours forth in a pellucid flood

of sound, and always produces the impression that there is more yet, amply

more, to meet all the demands of the singer.

M’lle LIND’S vocalization is to the ordinary ear beyond criticism. Her

intended effects are so completely attained, and attained with such

apparent ease and consciousness of power, that the hearer does not think

of questioning whether they could be better in themselves or better

performed, but gives himself up to this unalloyed enjoyment. Her intervals

are taken with a certainty and firmness which can not be attained by an

instrument, so nicely, so rigidly accurate is her ear, and so absolute is

her power over her organ. Her abilities have been best displayed in the

first _aria_ sung by the Queen of Night in MOZART’S _Zauberflöte_, and by

a taking Swedish Herdsman’s Song. In the former she vocalizes freely above

the lines for many bars, and in one passage takes the astonishing note F

_in alt_. with perfect intonation. In the latter, which contains some very

difficult and unmelodic intervals, her performance is marked with the same

ease and accuracy which appear in her simplest ballad, and the effect of

echo which she produces is to be equaled only by Nature herself. M’lle

LIND’S shake is probably the most equal and brilliant ever heard. There

are some critics and amateurs who object to her manner of delivering her

voice and to her unimpassioned style; but although these objections seem

to have no little weight, their consideration would involve a deeper

investigation of questions of pure Art than we are at present prepared

for, and are content to offer our homage, with that of the rest of the

world, to the Genius and Benevolence which are united in her fascinating,

though, we must say, not beautiful person.

The Gallery of the AMERICAN ART-UNION was re-opened for the season in New

York on the 4th of September, JENNY LIND honoring the occasion by her

presence. The collection is unusually large and excellent. It already

numbers over 300 pictures, several of which are among the best productions

of their authors. The number and variety of works of art to be distributed

among the members at the coming anniversary will be greater than ever

before. The rapid and wonderful growth of this institution is in the

highest degree honorable to the country, and affords marked evidence of

the energy and spirit with which its affairs have been conducted. We

understand that the subscription list is already larger by some thousands

than ever before at the same time.

The LITERARY INTELLIGENCE of the month is devoid of any features of

startling interest. G.P.R. JAMES, ESQ. has commenced in Boston a series of

six Lectures upon the History of Civilization, and will probably repeat

them in New York and other American cities. The subject is one with which

Mr. JAMES has made himself familiar in the ordinary course of his studies

for his historical novels; and he will undoubtedly bring to its methodical

discussion a clear and sound judgment, liberal views, and his

characteristic felicity and picturesqueness of description and narrative.

The lectures are new, and are delivered for the first time in this

country.—All who are interested in Classical Education will welcome the

appearance of the edition of FREUND’S Lexicon of the Latin Language, upon

which Professor ANDREWS has been engaged for several years. The original

work consists of four octavo volumes, averaging about 1100 pages each,

which were eleven years in passing through the press, viz., from 1834 to

1845. By the adoption of various typographical expedients, such as adding

another column to the page, and using smaller type, the whole will be

comprised in a single volume, an improvement which, while it diminishes

the cost, adds greatly to the convenience with which it may be used. This

Lexicon is intended to give an account of all the Latin words found in the

writings of the Romans from the earliest times to the fall of the Western

Empire, as well as those from the Greek and other languages. The

grammatical inflexions, both regular and irregular, of each word, are

accurately pointed out; and the etymologies are made to embrace the

results of modern scholarship in that department as specifically

applicable to the Latin language, without invading the proper province of

comparative philology. To the definitions, as the most important

department of lexicography, particular attention has been given; and the

primary, the transferred, the tropical, and the proverbial uses of words

are carefully arranged in the order of their development; the shades of

difference in the meanings and uses of synonymous terms are pointed out.

Special attention has been given to the chronology of words, _i.e._, to

the time when they were in use, and they are designated accordingly as

belonging to all periods of the language, or as “ante-classic,” “quite

classic,” “Ciceronian,” “Augustan,” “post-Augustan,” “post-classic,” or

“late Latin,” as the case may be. The student is also informed whether a

word is used in prose or poetry, or in both, whether it is of common or

rare occurrence, &c, &c.; and each of its uses is illustrated by a copious

selection of examples, with a reference in every instance to the chapter,

section, and verse where found. To those familiar with the subject, this

brief description of the work will suffice to show its vast superiority

over every dictionary of the Latin language at present in use among us,

and how much may be expected in aid of the cause of sound learning from

its introduction into our seminaries and colleges. It will appear from the

press of the Harpers very soon.—“The History of the United States of

America, from the adoption of the Federal Constitution to the end of the

Sixteenth Congress, in three volumes,” is the title of a new work by Mr.

HILDRETH, whose three volumes, bringing down the history of the United

States to the adoption of the Federal Constitution are already favorably

known to the public. The present volumes, the first of which is already in

press, are intended to embrace a fully authentic and impartial history of

the two great parties of Federalists and Republicans, or Democrats, as

they were sometimes called, by which the country was divided and agitated

for the first thirty years and upward subsequent to the adoption of the

Federal Constitution. The volume now in press is devoted to the

administration of Washington, a subject of great interest and importance,

since, during that period, not only were all the germs of the subsequent

party distinctions fully developed, but because the real character and

operation of the Federal Government, from that day to this, was mainly

determined by the impress given to it while Washington remained at the

head of affairs. This subject, treated with the candor, discrimination,

industry, and ability which Mr. Hildreth’s volumes already published give

us a right to expect, can hardly fail to attract and reward a large share

of public attention.—An Astronomical Expedition has been sent out by the

United States Government to Santiago, Chili, for the purpose of making

astronomical observations. It is under the charge of Lieut. J.M. GILLIS,

of the Navy, one of the ablest astronomers of his age now living. The

Chilian Government has received the expedition with great cordiality, and

has availed itself of the liberal offer of the United States Government to

admit several young men to instruction in the Observatory, by designating

three persons for that object. Letters from Lieut. G. show that he is

prosecuting his labors with unwearied zeal and assiduity—having, up to the

1st of June, catalogued nearly five thousand stars. HUMBOLDT, in a letter

to a friend, which has been published, expresses a high opinion of Lieut.

GILLIS, and of the expedition in which he is engaged. In the same letter

he speaks in warm terms of the great ability and merit, in their several

departments, of TICKNOR, PRESCOTT, FREMONT, EMORY, GOULD, and other

literary and scientific Americans.

From CALIFORNIA our intelligence is to the 15th of August, brought by the

steamer _Ohio_, which reached New York on the 22d ult. The most important

item relates to a deplorable collision which has occurred between persons

claiming lands under titles derived from Capt. SUTTER, and others who had

taken possession of them and refused to leave. Capt. Sutter held them

under his Spanish grant, the validity of which, so far as the territory in

question is concerned, is disputed. Attempts to eject the squatters, in

accordance with the decision of the courts, were forcibly resisted at

Sacramento City on the 14th of August, and a riot was the result, in which

several persons on both sides were killed, and others severely wounded.

Several hundred were engaged in the fight. As this occurred just upon the

eve of the steamer’s departure, the issue of the contest is unknown. There

is reason to fear that the difficulties to which it gives rise may not be

very soon or very easily settled. Among those killed were Mr. Bigelow,

Mayor of Sacramento City, Mr. Woodland, an auctioneer, and Dr. Robinson,

the President of the Squatter Association.—The news from the mines

continues to be encouraging. In the southern mines the dry season had so

far advanced that the Stanislaus and Tuolumne rivers were in good working

condition, and yielded good returns. Details are given from the various

localities showing that the gold has been by no means exhausted. From the

northern mines similar accounts are received.—The total amount received

for duties by the Collector at San Francisco from November 12, 1849, to

June 30, 1850, was $889,542.—During the passage of the steamer Panama from

San Francisco to Panama the cholera broke out, and seventeen of the

passengers died. It was induced by excessive indulgence in fruit at

Acupulco.—Rev. HORATIO SOUTHGATE D.D., formerly Missionary Bishop at

Constantinople, has been chosen Bishop of the Protestant Episcopal Church

for the Diocese of California.—In Sonora the difficulties which had broken

out in consequence of the tax on foreign miners had been obviated, and

order was restored.—Mining operations are prosecuted with the greatest

vigor and energy, and were yielding a good return. Companies were formed

for carrying on operations more thoroughly than has been usual, and new

locations have been discovered which promise to be very fertile.

From OREGON there is no news of interest, though our intelligence comes

down to the 25th of July. Business was prosperous. Gold is said to have

been discovered on Rogue’s river, and companies had been formed to profit

by the discovery. A treaty of peace has been negotiated with the Indians

by Gov. LANE.

From JAMAICA we hear of the death of Gen. Herard, ex-President of Hayti,

who has been residing in Jamaica for several years. The season has been

favorable for the crops, and the harvests of fruit were very abundant.

There had been several very severe thunderstorms, and several lives had

been lost from lightning. Efforts are made to promote the culture of

cotton upon the island.

From NEW MEXICO Major R.H. WEIGHTMAN arrived at St. Louis, Aug. 22d,

having been elected U.S. Senator by the state Legislature. He was on his

way to Washington where he has since arrived. His colleague was Hon. F.A.

CUNNINGHAM. In the popular canvass the friends of a state government

carried every county except one, over those who desired a territorial

organization. A conflict of authority had occurred between the newly

elected state officers and the Civil and Military Governor, the latter

refusing to transfer the authority to the former until New Mexico should

be admitted as a state. A voluminous correspondence upon the subject

between the two governors has been published.—The Indians at the latest

dates were still committing the grossest outrages in all parts of the

country. The crops were fine and promising.

In ENGLAND the month has been signalized by no event of special interest

or importance. The incident which has attracted most attention grew out of

the visit to England of General HAYNAU, the commander of the Austrian

armies during the war with Hungary, who acquired for himself a lasting and

infamous notoriety by the horrible cruelty which characterized his

campaigns and his treatment of prisoners who fell into his hands. His

proclamations, threatening butchery and extermination to every village any

of whose inhabitants should furnish aid or countenance to the Hungarians,

and the inhuman barbarity with which they were put in execution, must be

fresh in the public memory, as it certainly was in that of the people of

London. It seems that, during his stay in London, General HAYNAU visited

the great brewery establishment of Messrs. Barclay & Co. On presenting

himself, accompanied by two friends, at the door, they were required, as

was customary, to register their names. On looking at the books, the

clerks discovered the name and rank of their visitor, and his presence and

identity were soon known throughout the establishment. The workmen began

to shout after him, and finally to follow and assail him with

denunciations and dirt; and before he had crossed the yard he found

himself completely beset by a mob of coal-heavers, draymen, brewers’ men,

and others, who shouted “Down with the Austrian butcher!” and hustled him

about with a good deal of violence and considerable injury to his person.

Fully realizing the peril of his position, he ran from the mob, and took

refuge in a hotel, concealing himself in a secluded room from his

pursuers, who ransacked the whole house, until the arrival of a strong

police force put an end to the mob and the General’s peril. The leading

papers, especially those in the Tory interest, speak of this event in the

most emphatic terms of denunciation. The Liberal journals exult in the

popular spirit which it evinced, while they regret the disregard of law

and order which attended it.

Parliament was prorogued on the 15th of August by the Queen in person, to

the 25th of October. The ceremonial was unusually splendid. The Queen

tendered her thanks for the assiduity and care which had marked the

business of the session, and expressed her satisfaction with the various

measures which had been consummated. In approving of the Colonial

Government Act, she said it would always be gratifying to her to extend

the advantages of republican institutions to colonies inhabited by men who

are capable of exercising, with benefit to themselves, the privileges of

freedom: she looks for the most beneficial consequences, also, from the

act extending the elective franchise in Ireland.—Previous to the

prorogation, Parliament transacted very little business of much interest

to our readers. Marlborough House was set apart for the residence of the

Prince of Wales when he shall need it, and meantime it is to be used for

the exhibition of the Vernon pictures. Lord BROUGHAM created something of

a sensation in the House of Lords on the 2d, by complaining that all

savings in the Civil List should accrue to the nation, and not to the

royal privy purse,—as the spirit of the constitution required the

Sovereign to have no private means, but to be dependent wholly on the

nation. His movement excited a good deal of feeling, and was very warmly

censured by all the Lords who spoke upon it, as betraying an eagerness to

pry into the petty details of private expenditures unworthy of the House,

and indelicate toward the Sovereign. Lord BROUGHAM resented these censures

with bitterness, and reproached the Whigs with having changed their

sentiments and their conduct since they had tasted the sweets of office.

This course, he said, showed most painfully that absolute prostration of

the understanding which takes place, even in the minds of the bravest,

when the word “prince” is mentioned in England.—We mentioned in our last

number the presentation of a petition concerning the Liverpool waterworks,

many of the signatures to which were found to be forgeries. The case was

investigated by the Lords, and the presenters of the petition, Mr. C.

Cream and Mr. M.A. Gage, were declared to have been guilty of a breach of

privilege, and sent to Newgate for a fort-night.—Lord CAMPBELL, on the

14th, expressed the opinion, “as one of the judges of the land,” that the

new regulations forbidding the delivery or transit of letters on Sunday,

had a tendency, so far as the administration of justice was concerned, to

obstruct works of necessity and mercy. The regulations have been

essentially modified.—The bill concerning parliamentary voters in Ireland,

after passing the House of Lords with the rate requisite for franchise at

£15, was amended in the Commons by substituting £12;—the amendment was

concurred in by the Lords, and in that form the bill became a law. The

effect of it will be to add some two hundred thousand to the number of

voters in the kingdom.—Lord JOHN RUSSELL, in reply to a question from Mr.

HUME, explained the nature of the British claims on Tuscany for injuries

sustained by British subjects after the revolt of Leghorn, and the

occupation of that city by an Austrian corps acting as auxiliaries to the

Grand Duke. After all resistance was over, it seems, that corps plundered

a number of houses, and among them houses belonging to British residents,

and conspicuously marked as such by the British consul. The amount claimed

was £1530.—Complaint was made in the Commons by Mr. BERNAL, of the

defective state of the regulations for the immigration of Africans into

the West Indies. He said that contracts were now limited to one year,

which often caused serious loss to the employer. He thought the evil might

be remedied by making the contract for three years. He was told in reply

that Lord Grey had already sanctioned contracts for three years in British

Guiana and Trinidad, and would, of course, be quite prepared to do so in

Jamaica. The immigration of free labor from Africa had proved a failure;

but this was not the case with the immigration of Coolies. Many requests

had been made to renew it, and arrangements had been made to comply with

those requests. Arrangements had also been made, in consequence of

communications with Dr. Gutzlaff, for introducing free Chinese immigrants

into Trinidad. The Tenant-right conference of Ireland held its session on

the 6th in Dublin. The attendance of delegates was large. Resolutions were

adopted declaring that a fair valuation of rent between landlord and

tenant was indispensable, that the tenant should not be disturbed so long

as he pays the rent fixed; that no further rent shall be recoverable by

process of law; and that an equitable valuation for rent should divide

between landlord and tenant the net profits of cultivation. A tenant

league is to be formed.—A dinner was given by the Fishmongers’ Company of

London to the Ministers on the 1st. Lord BROUGHAM was present, and excited

attention and mirth by his way of testing the sentiments of the Company on

matters of public reform. If they applauded what he was about to say, they

were reformers, as of old: if not, it would show that they had been

corrupted. He was made a Fishmonger in 1820, and he hoped the Company were

not ashamed of what they did in favor of an oppressed queen against an

aggressive king and his minions of ministers. The remark was not

applauded, whereupon Lord B. drew his fore gone conclusion:—“Ah, I

see;—you are far from having the same feeling you had in 1820. Honors

corrupt manners—being in power is a dangerous thing to public virtue.”—The

report of the Railway Commissioners for 1849 states that in course of the

year the Board had sanctioned the opening of 869 miles of new railway—630

in England, 108 in Scotland, and 131 in Ireland—making the total extent of

railway communication at the end of the year, 5996 miles, of which 4656

are in England, 846 in Scotland, and 494 in Ireland.—The Queen left on the

22d for a short visit to the King of the Belgians at Ostend. She was

received with great enthusiasm, and returned the next day—Prince Albert

completed his thirty-first year on the 26th of August. The Queen left town

on the 27th for Scotland.—Sir George Anderson has been appointed Governor

of Ceylon, in place of Lord Torrington, who has been recalled.—The

American steamer _Pacific_ arrived at New York at half-past six P.M., on

Saturday, the 21st ult., having left Liverpool at two P.M. on the 11th.

She thus made the passage in _ten days, four and a half hours:_ this is by

several hours the quickest voyage ever made between the two ports.

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From FRANCE the only news of general interest relates to the tour of the

President through the provinces. The Assembly had previously broken up,

there not being a quorum present on the 9th. It was to re-assemble on the

11th of November. A Committee of _Surveillance_ was to sit during the

recess. On the 12th, the President started on his tour. He had given

several military banquets, which, from their imperial aspect, and the

political spirit manifested by the guests, created a great sensation. On

one of these occasions, a dinner was given to the officers of a portion of

the garrison of Paris; it is told, that after the company left the table,

they adjourned into the garden to smoke their cigars; and there Louis

Napoleon seeing a musket, took it up, and went through the manual exercise

with great dexterity, to the great delight of the sergeants and corporals,

who shouted “Vive le petit Corporal!” (the Emperor’s pet-name among the

soldiers) with great enthusiasm. During his tour, which was unattended by

any very noticeable incident, he made very liberal distribution of crosses

of honor, sometimes accompanied by gratuities to old officers and soldiers

of the imperial army. He had a most brilliant reception at Lyons, where he

spent a day, and was entertained at a grand dinner by the Chamber of

Commerce. At Besançon he had a less gracious reception: at a ball given to

him in the evening a mob broke into the room, shouting “Vive la

Republique,” and creating great confusion. The President left the room,

which was cleared by General Castellane at the point of the bayonet. At

several other places demonstrations were made of a similar character, but

much less violent.

LOUIS PHILLIPE, late King of France, died on the 26th of August, at

Claremont, England, where he has resided since he became an exile. His

health had gradually failed since he first left France, but it was not

until the 24th, that he became fully sensible of the gravity of his

disease. On that day he was carried out into the open air, and was present

at dinner with his family, although he ate nothing. During the night he

was restless, and was informed by the queen that his medical attendants

despaired of his recovery. The next morning, the doctor, on being asked

his opinion, hesitated. “I understand,” says the king, “you bring me

notice to quit.” To Col. Dumas he dictated a last page of his memoirs,

which terminated a recital in which he had been engaged for the last four

months. The king then sent for his chaplain, with whom he had a long

interview. He repeatedly expressed his readiness for death, which came

upon him at eight o’clock on the morning of Monday, the 26th. Louis

PHILLIPE was born in Paris, Oct. 6, 1773, and was the eldest son of

Phillipe Joseph, Duke of Orleans, known to the world by the _sobriquet_ of

Phillipe Egalité. His education was intrusted to Madame de Genlis, under

whose direction he made himself familiar with the English, German, and

Italian languages, and with the ordinary branches of scientific knowledge.

In 1792, being then Duke de Chartres, he made his first campaign against

the Austrians, fighting at Valmy and Jemappes. His father was executed

January 21, 1793, and he was summoned with Gen. Dumouriez, before the

Committee of Public Safety, seven months after. Both, however, fled, and

escaped to Austria. Retiring to private life, and refusing the offer of

Austria, he was joined by his sister Adelaide and their former

preceptress, and repaired to Zurich, whence, however, he was soon

compelled to make his escape. He became greatly straitened for means, and,

finally, found protection in the house of M. de Montesquion, at

Baumgarten, where he remained until the end of 1794, when he quitted the

place, and resolved to go to the United States. He was compelled to

abandon this project from lack of funds, and traveled on foot through

Norway, Sweden, and Denmark. Negotiations were now opened on the part of

the Directory, who had in vain attempted to discover the place of his

exile, to induce him to go to the United States, promising, in the event

of his compliance, that the condition of the Duchess D’Orleans should be

ameliorated, and that his younger brothers should be permitted to join

him. Through the agency of M. Westford, of Hamburg, this letter was

conveyed to the duke, who at once accepted the terms offered, and sailed

from the mouth of the Elbe in the American, taking with him his servant

Baudoin. He departed on the 24th of September, 1796, and arrived in

Philadelphia after a passage of twenty-seven days. In the November

following, the young prince was joined by his two brothers, after a stormy

passage from Marseilles; and the three brothers remained at Philadelphia

during the winter. They afterward visited Mount Vernon, where they became

intimate with General Washington; and they soon afterward traveled through

the western country, and after a long and fatiguing journey they returned

to Philadelphia; proceeding afterward to New Orleans, and, subsequently,

by an English ship, to Havanna. The disrespect of the Spanish authorities

at the Havanna, soon compelled them to depart, and they proceeded to the

Bahama Islands, where they were treated with much kindness by the Duke of

Kent, who, however, did not feel authorized to give them a passage to

England in a British frigate. They, accordingly, embarked for New York,

and thence sailed to England in a private vessel, arriving at Falmouth in

February, 1800. After proceeding to London they took up their residence at

Twickenham, where for some time they enjoyed comparative quiet, being

treated with distinction by all classes of society. Their time was now

principally spent in study, and no event of any importance disturbed their

retreat, until the death of the Duke de Montpensier, on the 18th of May,

1807. The Count Beaujolais soon afterward proceeded to Malta, where he

died in 1808. The Duke of Orleans now quitted Malta, and went to Messina,

in Sicily, accepting an invitation from King Ferdinand. During his

residence at Palermo he gained the affections of the Princess Amelia, and

was married to her in 1809. No event of any material importance marked the

life of the young couple until the year 1814, when it was announced in

Palermo that Napoleon had abdicated the throne, and that the restoration

of the Bourbon family was about to take place. The duke sailed

immediately, and arrived in Paris on the 18th of May, where, in a short

time, he was in the enjoyment of the honors to which he was so well

entitled. The return of Napoleon in 1815, soon disturbed his tranquillity;

and, having sent his family to England, he proceeded, in obedience to the

command of Louis XVIII., to take the command of the army of the north. He

remained in this situation until the 24th of March, 1815, when he resigned

his command to the Duke de Treviso and retired to Twickenham. On the

return of Louis, after the hundred days—in obedience to the ordinance

issued, requiring all the princes of the blood to take their seats in the

Chamber of Peers—the duke returned to France in 1815; and, by his liberal

sentiments, rendered himself so little agreeable to the administration,

that he returned to England, where he remained until 1817. In that year he

returned to France, continuing now in a private capacity, as he was not a

second time summoned to sit in the Chamber of Peers. For some years after

this period the education of his family deeply engaged his attention; and

while the Duke of Orleans was thus pursuing a career apart from the court,

a new and unexpected scene was opened in the drama of his singularly

eventful and changeful life. In 1830 that revolution occurred in France

which eventuated in the elevation of the Duke of Orleans to the throne.

The cause of the elder branch of the Bourbons having been pronounced

hopeless, the king in effect being discrowned, and the throne rendered

vacant, the Provisional Government which had risen out of the struggle,

and in which Laffitte, Lafayette, Thiers, and other politicians, had taken

the lead, turned toward the Duke of Orleans, whom it was proposed, in the

first instance, to invite to Paris, to become Lieutenant-general of the

kingdom, and afterward, in a more regular manner, to become King. The Duke

of Orleans, during the insurrection, had been residing in seclusion at his

country seat, and, if watching the course of events, apparently taking no

active part in dethroning his kinsman. M. Thiers and M. Scheffer were

appointed to conduct the negotiation with the duke, and visited Neuilly

for the purpose. The duke, however, was absent, and the interview took

place with the duchess and Princess Adelaide, to whom they represented the

danger with which the nation was menaced, and that anarchy could only be

averted by the prompt decision of the duke to place himself at the head of

the new constitutional monarchy. M. Thiers expressed his conviction “that

nothing was left the Duke of Orleans but a choice of dangers; and that, in

the existing state of things, to recoil from the possible perils of

royalty was to run full upon the republic and its inevitable violences.”

The substance of the communication having been made known to the duke, on

a day’s consideration he acceded to the request, and at noon on the 31st

came to Paris to accept the office which had been assigned to him. On the

2d of August the abdication of Charles X. and his son was placed in the

hands of the Lieutenant-general, the abdication, however, being in favor

of the Duke of Bordeaux. On the 7th the Chamber of Deputies declared the

throne vacant; and on the 8th the Chamber went in a body to the Duke of

Orleans, and offered him the Crown on the terms of a revised charter. His

formal acceptance of the offer took place on the 9th. From the accession

of Louis Philippe as King of the French, in 1830, his life is universally

known. His reign was marked by sagacity and upright intentions. He

committed the unpardonable error, however, of leaving the people entirely

out of his account, and endeavored to fortify himself by allying his

children to the reigning families of Europe. He married his eldest son

Ferdinand, Duke of Orleans (born 1810) to the Princess Helen of

Mecklenburg-Schwerin; his daughter Louisa (born 1812) to Leopold, King of

the Belgians; his son Louis, Duke of Nemours (born 1814) to the Princess

Victoria of Saxe Coburg Gotha; his daughter Clementina (born 1817) to

Prince Augustus of Saxe Coburg Gotha; his son Francis, Prince of Joinville

(born 1818) to the Princess Frances Caroline, of Brazil; his son the Duke

of Aumale (born 1822) to the Princess Caroline, of Salerno, and his son

Antony, Duke of Montpensier (born 1824) to Louisa, sister and heir

presumptive of the reigning Queen of Spain. But these royal alliances

served him not in the day of his distress. The fatal 24th of February

came, and swept away the throne he had taken so much pains to consolidate,

and he signed his act of abdication, accepting the regency of the Duchess

of Orleans. His subsequent fate is familiar to all. His flight from Paris

to the sea-shore; his escape in disguise to England; his kind reception in

that country, are well known. Claremont was given him as an abode, and

there, with the exception of occasional visits to Richmond and St.

Leonard’s, Louis Philippe continued to reside. There, too, he breathed his

last on Monday morning, the 26th of August, in the 77th year of his age.

His death excited general comment, but was universally regarded as an

event of no political importance.—A very imposing review of the French

fleet at the harbor of Cherbourg, took place on the 7th inst. A great

number of the English nobility and gentlemen were present by special

invitation, and a magnificent display was made of British yachts. An

immense concourse of people was in attendance, and the President, Prince

LOUIS NAPOLEON, was received with distinguished honors. The parting salute

at sunset, when over two thousand pieces of ordnance crashed forth with a

simultaneous roar, was highly effective.—The trade of Paris is said to be

unusually brisk this season. Wheat is abundant and all the harvests yield

good returns, though fears are entertained that the quality of the vintage

may be inferior.—The proceedings of the General Councils of sixty-four of

the eighty-five departments of France are now known.—Forty-seven have

pronounced in favor of the revision of the actual constitution. Seven have

rejected resolutions recommending the revision, and ten have declined the

expression of an opinion upon the subject. Only three have declared

themselves in favor of an extension and continuance of the power now

confided to LOUIS NAPOLEON BONAPARTE. Nearly all have expressly desired

that the revision should be effected in the mode and time prescribed by

the constitution itself.

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The LITERARY INTELLIGENCE from abroad lacks special interest. The

Magazines for September contain nothing worthy of mention, which will not

be found in the foregoing pages of this number. BULWER commences a new

novel in Blackwood, the opening chapters of which are here reprinted. It

is in continuation of “The Caxtons,” and promises to be exceedingly

interesting. It will, of course, be given to our readers as rapidly as it

appears. Our opening paper this month is a spirited and eloquent notice of

WORDSWORTH, evidently from the popular and effective pen of GILFILLAN, who

is a constant contributor to the London Eclectic Review from which it is

taken. “David Copperfield” by DICKENS, and “Pendennis” by THACKERAY, draw

toward their end, and our readers may therefore anticipate new productions

from their pens ere long.—The question whether an American can hold a

by Murray for interference with his rights by a publisher who has issued

an edition of Washington Irving. It is stated that Irving has received

from the Murrays the sum of £9767 for the English copyrights of his

various works.—The Gallery of Paintings of the King of Holland has been

sold at auction and the returns are stated at $450,000. The Emperor of

Russia, and the Marquis of Hertford in England, were extensive purchasers.

Two portraits of Vandyke were bought by the latter at 63,000

florins.—LAMARTINE writes to the _Debats_ from Marseilles, denying, so far

as he is concerned, the truth of statements contained in Mr. CROKER’S

article in the London Quarterly upon the flight of Louis Phillipe. He has

commenced the publication of a new volume of “Confidences” in the

_feuilleton_ of the _Presse_.—The Household Narrative in its summary of

English Literary Intelligence, notices the appearance of an elaborate work

on _Tubular Bridges_ by Mr. Edwin Clark, with a striking folio of

illustrative drawings and lithographs. Also of an Essay in two goodly

octavos on _Ancient Egypt under the Pharaohs_, by Mr. Kenrick, full of

learning, yet full of interest, because grafting on the ascertained old

history all the modern elucidations of travelers and artists, critics and

interpreters. It appears to be but a portion of a contemplated work

comprehending a complete history of those countries of the East whose

civilization preceded and influenced that of Greece; and to our proper

understanding of which, the discovery of the hieroglyphic character, and

such researches as those of Mr. Layard, have lately contributed an entire

new world of information. Another book remarkable for the precision and

completeness of its knowledge, is Doctor Latham’s _Natural History of the

Varieties of Man_, a very important contribution to the literature of

ethnology; and with this is connected in subject, though not in any other

kind of merit, an eccentric fragment on the _Races of Man_, by Dr. Robert

Knox.—Mrs. Jameson has published a second series of her _Poetry of Sacred

and Legendary Art_, in a volume of _Legends of the Monastic Orders_,

similarly illustrated; and nothing can be more graceful than this lady’s

treatment of a subject which has not much that is graceful in itself.—To

biography, a new volume of the _Life of Chalmers_ has been the most

interesting addition. A _Life of Ebenezer Elliott_, by his son-in-law,

possesses also some interest; and, with a little less of the biographer

and more of the biography, would have been yet more successful. In English

fiction, a semi-chartist novel called _Alton Locke_, full of error and

earnestness, and evidently by a University man of the so-called Christian

Socialist school, is the most noticeable work of the kind that has lately

appeared. The other romances of the month have been translations from the

German and French. The _Two Brothers_ is somewhat in the school of Miss

Bremer; and _Stella and Vanessa_ is a novel by a graceful French writer,

very agreeably translated by Lady Duff Gordon, of which the drift is to

excuse Swift for his conduct to Mrs. Johnson and Miss Vanhomrigh. The

subject is curious, and the treatment (for a Frenchman) not less so.

Nothing painful or revolting is dwelt upon, and if it does not satisfy it

fails to offend.—The London _Morning Chronicle_ has an extended and

elaborate review of Mr. TICKNOR’S great “History of Spanish Literature,”

in which it pays the highest possible compliments to the accomplished

author. “The masterly sweep of his general grasp,” it says, “and the

elaborated finish of his constituent sketches, silence the caviller at the

very outset, and enforce him to respectful study, while the unaffected

ease of the style, lively but not flippant, charms the attention, and not

seldom disguises the amount of research and indigation which has been

bestowed upon each stage of the history.” It closes its review with this

emphatic praise: “this History will at once take its position as the

standard book of reference upon Spanish literature, but it will not take

the cold honors of the shelf usually accorded to such volumes, for it will

not only be consulted but read. We cordially congratulate our American

friends upon possessing a compatriot who is able to make such a

contribution to English literature—we are not aware that we are equally

fortunate.”—The third series of SOUTHEY’S Common-Place Book has just

appeared. Unlike the former series, which consisted of selections of rare

and striking passages, and so possessed a general and independent value,

the present volume consists mainly of brief notes or references to

important passages in a great variety of works, bearing upon the subjects

of Civil and Ecclesiastical History, Biography, and Literature in general.

The references are so brief, and the works referred to so rare, that the

book will prove of little service except to those who have access to large

public libraries. Probably not one book in ten of those referred to is to

be found in any library in this country. The volume, however, furnishes

evidence still stronger than the others, of the wonderful extent, variety,

and accuracy of Southey’s reading; it shows that he was a sort of living

library, a walking study; he read almost every thing that appeared, and

methodized, and laid up in his mind all that was worth preserving, of what

he read, and thus gained a super-eminence of information which has rarely

been surpassed. The third volume of his Common-Place Book is not

altogether destitute of those quaint and singular selections which gave so

rare a charm to those that preceded.—The North British Review for the

current quarter, from which we gave some extracts in our September number,

has an article upon the disputed claims of Messrs. Stephenson & Fairbairn

to the credit of having invented the Tubular bridge. If the facts upon

which the reasonings of the reviewer are based, are correctly stated,

there can be no doubt that a large, perhaps the larger share of the credit

due to this greatest triumph of modern engineering, belongs to WILLIAM

FAIRBAIRN, of Manchester, by whom all the experiments were undertaken that

demonstrated the practicability of the undertaking, and proved that a

square form was much stronger than the elliptical one, which was

originally proposed. Mr. Fairbairn, it is stated, showed conclusively by

actual experiment, in opposition to the opinion of Mr. Stephenson, that

suspension chains, as an additional means of support, were not needed,

thus avoiding an outlay of some £200,000. Successful as the experiment has

been in a scientific point of view, the railroad of which this bridge

forms a link, has been most unfortunate in a pecuniary aspect. The stock

consists of two kinds, the original, and preferential. In July, 1850, the

former was selling at a loss of £72 10s., and the latter at a loss of £33

6s. 8d. on every £100, involving a total loss to the stockholders of

£1,764,000.—The _Barbarigo Gallery_ at Venice, celebrated for ages for its

rich collection, especially of the works of Titian, has been purchased by

the court of Russia for 560,000 francs, or £22,400 sterling. A new singer,

Madame Fiorentini, has appeared at Her Majesty’s Theatre in London, who

attracts considerable attention. She is a native of Seville, and married

to Mr. Jennings, an English officer. She received her musical education in

London, and made her first public appearance at Berlin only twelve months

since.—The telegraphic wires between Dover and Calais, or rather Cape

Grinez, have been laid and got into operation. Dispatches have been

received in this country which were sent from Paris to London by this

means. Thirty miles of wire, incased in a strong coating of gutta percha,

have been imbedded, as far as this could possibly be done, in the bottom

of the channel, by means of leaden weights. It remains now to be seen

whether the precautions taken are sufficient to protect the wire from the

ravages of the ocean’s denizens, the assaults of ships’ anchors, and the

shifting sands which are known to underlie the Straits of Dover.—A duel

took place at Perigueux between MM. CHAVOIX and DUPONT, in which the

latter was killed. The latter was editor of a paper called _Echo de

Vesone_, and had offended M. Chavoix, a wealthy proprietor, by severe

strictures on his conduct. Both were members of the Assembly. They fought

with pistols at twenty-five paces. M. Chavoix won the throw for the choice

of position, and M. Dupont for first fire. Dupont fired and missed.

Chavoix, declaring that he could not see clearly, waited till the smoke of

his adversary’s discharge passed, and fired at an interval of some

seconds. His ball struck the forehead of Dupont, who fell stark dead upon

the plain without uttering a cry or a groan.—The distinguished French

Novelist M. BALZAC died at Paris on the 18th of August, aged 51. He was in

many important respects, the foremost of French writers. He was originally

a journeyman printer at Tours, his native place. His earlier works

obtained a fair measure of success, but it was not until after many years’

apprenticeship, either anonymously or under assumed cognomens, that he

ventured to communicate his name to the public. And no sooner was the name

given than it became popular—and in a little while famous—famous not in

France alone, but all over Europe. His success was almost as brilliant as

that of Walter Scott himself. In addition to his romances, Balzac wrote

some theatrical pieces, and for a while edited and contributed a good deal

to the _Revue Parisienne_. Since the revolution Balzac published nothing,

but was engaged in visiting the battle-fields of Germany and Russia, and

in piling up materials for a series of volumes, to be entitled _Scenes de

la Vie Militaire._ He leaves behind several MS. works, partially or wholly

completed. His design was to make all his romances form one great work,

under the title of the _Comedíe Humaine_,—the whole being a minute

dissection of the different classes of French society. Only a little while

before his death, he stated that, in what he had done, he had but half

accomplished his task. Next to his great celebrity, the most remarkable

feature in his career is a strong passion which he formed for a Russian

countess, and which, after years of patient suffering, he had the

satisfaction of having rewarded by the gift of the lady’s hand. Shortly

after his marriage—which took place some two years ago—he was attacked

with a disease of the heart, and that carried him off. He and his wife had

only been a few months in Paris when this sad event took place. His

funeral was celebrated with a good deal of ceremony, and an eloquent

funeral oration was pronounced by M. VICTOR HUGO.—Sir MARTIN ARCHER SHEE,

President of the Royal Academy, died at Brighton on the 19th, in his 80th

year. He was elected to the above office in 1830, on the death of Sir

Thomas Lawrence, when he received the honor of knighthood. He retired in

1845 from the active duties of the office, which have been since performed

by Mr. Turner.—The late Sir ROBERT PEEL has left directions in his will

for the early publication of his political memoirs, and has ordered that

the profits arising from the publication shall be given to some public

institution for the education of the working classes. He has confided the

task of preparing these memoirs to Lord Mahon and Mr. Cardwell.

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In the settlement of GERMAN affairs little progress has yet been made by

the Congress at Frankfort. At a meeting on the 8th of August, at which

Count Thun, the Austrian plenipotentiary, presided, it was decided that

Austria should formally invite all the members of the Bund to assemble at

Frankfort on the 1st of September next. A circular note of the 18th of

August, in which the Minister-President reiterates the assurances so

solemnly given in the circular of the 19th July, that it is the earnest

wish of Austria to make such reforms in the Act of Confederation as may be

required by the recent change of circumstances in Germany, and may conduce

to the unity of the common fatherland, was accordingly dispatched with the

Frankfort summons to the different courts on the 15th. It remains to be

seen whether Prussia and the League will accept this proposal.—The third

meeting of the General Peace Congress commenced at Frankfort on the 22d of

August. There were some two thousand delegates in attendance, mostly from

England, France, the United States, and Germany. Gen. Haynau was present

for a time. Resolutions were submitted, discussed, and adopted,

deprecating a resort to arms, and urging the propriety and expediency of

settling all international differences by arbitration. Dr. JAUP presided,

and speeches were made by delegates from every nation. Among the most

prominent representatives from the United States were Elihu Burritt,

Professor Cleaveland, Dr. Hitchcock, and George Copway, an Indian chief;

Mr. Cobden, of England, and Cormenin and Girardin, of France were also in

attendance. The session lasted three days.

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In PIEDMONT a great sensation has been produced by a collision with the

papal power. The Sardinian Minister of Finance, the Cavalière Santa Rosa,

who had supported the ministry in passing the law which rendered the

clergy amenable to the civil courts, being on his death-bed, was refused

the sacrament by the monks, under the direction of Franzoni the Archbishop

of Turin. At his funeral such excitement was manifested by the people,

that to avoid an actual outbreak, the monks were ordered to leave the

city, and the possessions of their order were sequestered. In the search

through their house, documents were found which inculpated the Archbishop

Franzoni himself, and he was consequently arrested and imprisoned in the

fortress of Fenestrelles. Both Austria and France, however, have

interfered; and, in consequence, the editor of _L’Opinione_, a liberal

journal, has been banished from the Sardinian States. It is stated that

Lord Palmerston has addressed to the Court of the Vatican a most energetic

note, in which he cautions it against adopting violent measures toward

Sardinia, and persevering in the system hitherto pursued by the Pope with

regard to that Government.

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A letter from Rome, of the 20th, in the _Constitutionnel_, states that

several persons have been arrested there for a supposed conspiracy to

assassinate the Pope, on Assumption day, by throwing crystal balls filled

with explosive substances into his carriage when on his way to church to

pronounce the benediction. The discovery of the plot prevented all danger.

There was some agitation on the following Sunday, as it was supposed that

there had been a plot against the Austrian Ambassador, on the anniversary

of the birth of the Emperor. A strong armed force was placed near his

palace to protect it, and in the evening some arrests were made.

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A continuance of heavy rain in BELGIUM on the 15th, 16th, and 17th has

produced disastrous inundations in various parts of that country. At

Antwerp there was a tremendous storm of rain, wind, and thunder. The

lightning struck several buildings; many of the streets were under water,

and large trees were uprooted in the neighboring country. At Ghent a large

sugar manufactory was destroyed by lightning, and people were killed by it

in different places. A great part of the city of Brussels and the

neighboring villages were under water for nearly two days; and many houses

were so much damaged that they fell, and a number of persons perished.

Near Charleroi all the fields were submerged, and the injury done to the

crops was immense. At Valenciennes the Scheldt overflowed, inundating the

neighboring country, and causing vast devastation. The damage done to the

crops has produced a rise in the price of flour. Many bridges have been

swept away, and the injury done to the railways has been immense.

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From SCHLESWIG HOLSTEIN, we learn that the continued rains have prevented

all renewal of operations in the field. The Danes have established a

permanent camp near Ramstedt, and the marshes in that vicinity have been

completely flooded. The Emperor of Russia has created General KROGH, the

Danish Commander-in-Chief, Knight of the Order of St. Anne of the first

class, for the distinguished bravery and prudence which he displayed in

the engagements of the 24th and 25th of July, at Idstedt.

LITERARY NOTICES.

_Rural Hours,_ by A LADY, published by G.P. Putnam, is an admirable

volume, the effect of which is like a personal visit to the charming

scenes which the writer portrays with such a genuine passion for nature,

and so much vivacity and truthfulness of description. Without the faintest

trace of affectation, or even the desire to present the favorite

surroundings of her daily life in overdone pictures, she quietly jots down

the sights and sounds, and odorous blossomings of the seasons as they

pass, and by this intellectual honesty and simplicity, has given a

peculiar charm to her work, which a more ambitious style of composition

would never have been able to command. Her eye for nature is as accurate

as her enthusiasm is sincere. She dwells on the minute phenomena of daily

occurrence in their season with a just discrimination, content with

clothing them in their own beauty, and never seeking to increase their

brilliancy by any artificial gloss. Whoever has a love for communing with

nature in the “sweet hour of prime,” or in the “still twilight,” for

watching the varied glories of the revolving year, will be grateful to the

writer of this picturesque volume for such a fragrant record of rural

experience. The author is stated to be a daughter of Cooper, the

distinguished American novelist, and she certainly exhibits an acuteness

of observation, and a vigor of description, not unworthy of her eminent

parentage.

A new edition of the _Greek and English Lexicon_, by Professor EDWARD

ROBINSON (Harper and Brothers) will be received with lively satisfaction

by the large number of Biblical students in this country and in England

who are under such deep obligations to the previous labors of Dr. ROBINSON

in this department of philology. The work exhibits abundant evidence of

the profound and discriminating research, the even more than German

patience of labor, the rigid impartiality, and the rare critical acumen

for which the name of the author is proverbial wherever the New-Testament

Lexicography is made the object of earnest study. Since the publication of

the first edition, fourteen years since, which was speedily followed by

three rival editions in Great Britain, and two abridgments, the science of

Biblical philology has made great progress; new views have been developed

by the learned labors of Wahl, Bretschneider, Winer, and others; the

experience of the author in his official duties for the space of ten

years, had corrected and enlarged his own knowledge; he had made a

personal exploration of many portions of the Holy Land; and under these

circumstances, when he came to the revision of the work, he found that a

large part of it must be re-written, and the remainder submitted to such

alterations, corrections, and improvements, as were almost as laborious as

the composition of a new Lexicon. The plan of the work in its present

enlarged form, embraces the etymology of each word given—the logical

deduction of all its significations, which occur in the New Testament—the

various combinations of verbs and adjectives—the different forms and

inflections of words—the interpretation of difficult passages—and a

reference to every passage of the New Testament in which the word is

found. No scholar can examine the volume, without a full conviction of the

eminent success with which this comprehensive plan has been executed, and

of the value of the memorial here presented to the accuracy and

thoroughness of American scholarship. The practical use of the work will

be greatly facilitated by the clearness and beauty of the Greek type on

which it is printed, being an admirable specimen of the Porson style.

_The Berber, or Mountaineer of the Atlas,_ by WILLIAM S. MAYO, M.D.,

published by G.P. Putnam, is toned down to a very considerable degree from

the high-colored pictures which produced such a dazzling effect in

_Kaloolah_, the work by which the author first became known to the public.

The scene is laid in Morocco, affording the writer an occasion for the use

of a great deal of geographical and historical lore, which is introduced

to decided advantage as a substantial back-ground to the story, which, in

itself, possesses a sustained and powerful interest. Dr. Mayo displays a

rare talent in individualizing character: his groups consist of distinct

persons, without any confused blundering or repetition; he is not only a

painter of manners, but an amateur of passion; and hence his admirable

descriptions are combined with rapid and effective touches, which betray

no ordinary insight into the subtle philosophy of the heart. The illusion

of the story is sometimes impaired by the introduction of the novelist in

the first person, a blemish which we should hardly have looked for in a

writer who is so obviously well acquainted with the resources of artistic

composition as the author of this volume.

Harper and Brothers have issued the Fifth Part of _The Life and

Correspondence of_ ROBERT SOUTHEY, which brings the biography down to the

fifty-fifth year of his age, and to the close of the year 1828. The next

number will complete the work, which has sustained a uniform interest from

the commencement, presenting a charming picture of the domestic habits,

literary enterprises, and characteristic moral features of its eminent

subject. Mr. Southey’s connection with the progress of English literature

during the early part of the present century, his strong political

predilections, the extent and variety of his productions, and his singular

devotion to a purely intellectual life, make his biography one of the most

entertaining and instructive records that have recently been published in

this department of letters. His son, Rev. Charles Cuthbert Southey, by

whom the work is edited, has acquitted himself of his task with admirable

judgment and modesty, never obtruding himself on the notice of the reader,

and leaving the correspondence, which, in fact, forms a continuous

narrative, to make its natural impression, without weakening its force by

superfluous comment. The present number contains several letters to our

distinguished countryman, GEORGE TICKNOR, Esq., of Boston, which will be

read with peculiar interest on account of their free remarks on certain

American celebrities, and their criticisms on some of the popular

productions of American literature.

Among the late valuable theological publications, is _The Works of Joseph

Bellamy, D.D., with a Memoir of his Life and Character_, by TRYON EDWARDS,

issued by the Doctrinal Tract and Book Society, Boston, in two volumes. As

models of forcible reasoning, and of ingenious and subtle analysis, the

theological disquisitions of Dr. Bellamy have seldom been surpassed, and

their reproduction in the present form will be grateful to many readers

who have not been seduced by the excitements of the age from their love of

profound and acute speculation. The memoir prefixed to these volumes gives

an interesting view of the life of a New England clergyman of the olden

time.

_Adelaide Lindsay_, from the prolific and vigorous pen of Mrs. MARSH, the

author of “Two Old Men’s Tales,” “The Wilmingtons,” &c, forms the one

hundred and forty—seventh number of Harper and Brothers’ “Library of

Select Novels.”

_Popular Education; for the Use of Parents and Teachers_ (Harper and

Brothers), is the title of a volume by IRA MAYHEW, prepared in accordance

with a resolution of the Legislature of Michigan, and discussing the

subject, in its multifarious aspects and relations, with a thoroughness,

discrimination, and ability, which can not fail to make it a work of

standard authority in the department to which it is devoted. The author

has been Superintendent of Public Instruction in the State of Michigan;

his official position has put him in possession of a great amount of facts

and statistics in relation to the subject; he is inspired with a noble

zeal in the cause of education; and in the production of this volume, has

given a commendable proof of his industry, good sense, and thorough

acquaintance with an interest on which he rightly judges that the future

prosperity of the American Republic essentially depends.

C.S. Francis and Co. have published _The Poems of Elizabeth Barrett

Browning_ in a beautiful edition of two volumes, including “The Seraphim,

with other Poems,” as first published in England in 1838, and the contents

of the previous American edition. This edition is introduced with a

Critical Essay, by H.T. TUCKERMAN, taken from his “Thoughts on the Poets,”

presenting in refined and tasteful language, a discriminating view of Mrs.

BROWNING’S position among the living poets of England. Mr. Tuckerman makes

use of no extravagant encomium in his estimate of her powers; his remarks

are less enthusiastic than critical; and, indeed, the more ardent admirers

of Mrs. Browning would deem them of too subdued a tone, and deficient in

an adequate appreciation of her peculiar boldness, originality, and

beauty. The edition now presented to the public will be thankfully

accepted by the wide circle which has learned to venerate Mrs. Browning’s

genius, and will serve to extend the healthful interest cherished by

American readers in the most remarkable poetess of modern times.

_The Companion; After Dinner Table Talk_, by CHETWOOD EVELYN, Esq. (New

York: G.P. Putnam), is the title of a popular compilation from favorite

English authors, prepared with a good deal of tact and discrimination, and

forming an appropriate counterpart to _The Lift for the Lazy_, published

some time since by the same house.

George P. Putnam has just issued _The Deer Slayer_, by J. FENIMORE COOPER,

being the first volume of the author’s revised edition of _The Leather

Stocking Tales_.

Among the swarm of Discourses and Funeral Orations, occasioned by the

death of the late President Taylor, we have seen none of a more striking

character than _The Sermon delivered at the Masonic Hall_, Cincinnati, by

T.H. STOCKTON. It presents a series of glowing and impressive pictures of

public life in Washington, of the tombs of the departed Presidents, of

eminent American statesmen now no more, of the progress of discovery in

this country, and of the march of improvement in modern times. The too

florid character of some portions of the Discourse is amply redeemed by

the spirit of wise patriotism and elevated religion with which it is

imbued, while it has the rare merit of being entirely free from the

commonplaces of the pulpit. In a note to this discourse, it is stated that

the author is desirous of forming a collection of Sermons, Orations,

Addresses, &c., on the death of General Taylor, and that editors and

speakers will confer a favor on him by forwarding him a copy of their

several publications.

_The Relations of the American Scholar to his Country and his Times_

(Baker and Scribner), is the title of an Address delivered by HENRY J.

RAYMOND, before the Associate Alumni of the University of Vermont,

maintaining the doctrine that educated men, instead of retiring from the

active interests and contending passions of the world, to some fancied

region of serene contemplation, are bound to share in the struggle, the

competition, the warfare of society. This is argued, with a variety of

illustrations, from the character of the education of the scholar, as

combining theory and practice, and from the peculiar tendencies of

American society, now in a state of rapid fermentation and development.

Mr. Raymond endeavors to do justice both to the Conservative and Radical

elements, which are found in our institutions and national character, and

to discuss those difficult problems in a spirit of moderation, and without

passion. Of the literary character of this production, the writer of the

present notice can speak with more propriety in another place.

_The Recent Progress of Astronomy_, by ELIAS LOOMIS (Harper and Brothers),

exhibits the most important astronomical discoveries made within the last

ten years, with special reference to the condition of the science in the

United States. Among the topics treated in detail, are the discovery of

the planet Neptune, the addition to our knowledge of comets, with a full

account of Miss Mitchell’s comet, the new stars and nebulae, the

determination of longitude by the electric telegraph, the manufacture of

telescopes in the United States, and others of equal interest both to men

of science and the intelligent reader in general. Professor LOOMIS

displays a singularly happy talent in bringing the results of scientific

investigation to the level of the common mind, and we predict a hearty

welcome to his little volume, as a lucid and delightful compendium of

valuable knowledge. The author states in the Preface, that “he has

endeavored to award equal and exact justice to all American astronomers;

and if any individual should feel that his labors in this department have

not been fairly represented, he is requested to furnish in writing a

minute account of the same,” and he shall receive amends in a second

edition of the work.

Professor LOOMIS’S _Mathematical Course_ has met with signal favor at the

hands of the best instructors in our higher institutions of learning. New

editions of his _Algebra_ and the _Geometry_ have recently been issued;

and a new volume on _Analytical Geometry_, and the _Calculus_, completing

the course, will soon appear.

_Truth and Poetry, from my own Life, or the Autobiography of Goethe_,

edited by PARKE GODWIN, is issued in a second edition by George P. Putnam,

with a preface, showing the plagiarisms which have been committed on it in

a pretended English translation from the original, by one John Oxenford.

This enterprising person has made a bold appropriation of the American

version, with only such changes as might serve the purpose of concealing

the fraud. In addition to this felonious proceeding, he charges the

translation to which he has helped himself so freely, with various

inaccuracies, not only stealing the property, but giving it a bad name.

The work of the American editor has thus found a singular, but effectual

guarantee for its value, and is virtually pronounced to be a translation

incapable of essential improvement. With the resources possessed by Mr.

GODWIN, in his own admirable command both of the German and of the English

language, and the aid of the rare scholarship in this department of

letters of Mr. CHARLES A. DANA and Mr. JOHN S. DWIGHT, to whom a portion

of the work was intrusted, he could not fail to produce a version which

would leave little to be desired by the most fastidious critic. It is

unnecessary to speak of the merits of the original, which is familiar to

all who have the slightest tincture of German literature. As a history of

the progress of literary culture in Germany, as well as of the rich

development of Goethe’s own mind, it is one of the most instructive, and

at the same time, the most entertaining biographies in any language.

Daniel Adee has republished, in a cheap form, the twenty-first part of

_Braithwaite’s Retrospect of Practical Medicine and Surgery_, a work

richly entitled to a place in every physician’s library.

_Domestic History of the Revolution_, by Mrs. ELLET (Baker and Scribner),

follows the thread of the Revolutionary drama, unfolding many agreeable

and often touching incidents, which have not been brought to light before,

and illustrating the manners and society of that day, in connection with

the great struggle for national life. The researches of the author in

collecting materials for “The Women of the Revolution,” have put her in

possession of a variety of domestic details and anecdotes, illustrative of

the state of the country at different intervals, which she has used with

excellent effect in the composition of this volume. Without indulging in

fanciful embellishment, she has confined herself to the simple facts of

history, rejecting all traditional matter, which is not sustained by

undoubted authority. The events of the war in the upper districts of South

Carolina, are described at length, as, in the opinion of Mrs. Ellet, no

history has ever yet done justice to that portion of the country, nor to

the chivalrous actors who there signalized themselves in the Revolutionary

contest.

D. Appleton and Company have published an interesting volume of American

biography, entitled _Lives of Eminent Literary and Scientific Men_, by

JAMES WYNNE, M.D., comprising memoirs of Franklin, President Edwards,

Fulton, Chief Justice Marshall, Rittenhouse, and Eli Whitney. They are

composed in a tone of great discrimination and reserve, and scarcely in a

single estimate come up to the popular estimation of the character

described. Doctor Franklin and President Edwards, especially, are handled

in a manner adapted to chill all enthusiasm which may have been connected

with their names. Nor does the scientific fame of Robert Fulton gather any

new brightness under the author’s hands. This cool dissection of the dead

may not be in accordance with the public taste, but in justice to the

author, it should be borne in mind that he is a surgeon by profession.

The same house has issued an edition of _Cicero’s Select Orations_, with

Notes, by Professor E.A. JOHNSON, in which liberal use has been made of

the most recent views of eminent German philologists. The volume is highly

creditable to the industry and critical acumen of the Editor, and will

prove a valuable aid to the student of the classics.

_Lady Willoughby’s Diary_ is reprinted by A.S. Barnes and Co., New

York—the first American edition of a volume unrivaled for its sweetness

and genuine pathos.

_The Young Woman’s Book of Health_, by Dr. WILLIAM A. ALCOTT, published by

Tappan, Whittemore, and Co., Boston, is an original summary of excellent

physiological precepts, expressed with the simplicity and distinctness for

which the author is celebrated.

_Songs of Labor and Other Poems_ is the title of a new volume by JOHN G.

WHITTIER, published by Ticknor, Reed, and Fields, Boston, containing the

spirited lyrics which have already gained a large share of favor in the

public journals.

_Poems of the Heart_, by GEORGE W. NICHOLSON, (G. S. Appleton,

Philadelphia), is the “last production of the author’s boyhood,” and

exhibits the most decided marks of its origin.

_The Mariner’s Vision_ is the title of a Poem by T.L. DONNELLY,

Philadelphia, evidently written with little preparation, but showing some

traces of poetic talent, which may ripen into excellence at a future day.

A beautiful reprint of _Æsop’s Fables_, edited by Rev. THOMAS GARNES, with

more than Fifty Illustrations from TENNIAL’S designs has been issued by

Robert B. Collins, New York, in a style of superb typography, which can

not fail to command the admiration of the amateur.

The volume before us awakens recollections of “by-gone days,” in the

Publishers of this Magazine, upon which we love to dwell. Æsop’s Fables

was among the first books which passed through our press. Some thirty

years since, we printed an edition of it for the late EVERT DUYCKINCK,

Esq. (father of the present accomplished editors of the _Literary World_),

one of the leading booksellers and publishers of his day, and, in every

sense, “a good man and true,” as well as one of our earliest and best

friends. His memory to us is precious—his early kindness will ever live in

our recollection.

The name of COLLINS (publisher of the present edition), has been so long

and closely associated with the book trade in this country, that we

apprehend the public may feel some interest in a short sketch of the rise

and progress of this most respectable publishing firm. ISAAC COLLINS, a

member of the Society of Friends, was the founder of the house. He

originally came from Virginia, and commenced the printing and bookselling

business in the city of Trenton, New Jersey, about the close of the

Revolutionary War, where he printed the first quarto Bible published in

America. This Bible was so highly esteemed for its correctness, that the

American Bible Society was at some pains to obtain a copy, from which to

print their excellent editions of the Scriptures. It would take too much

space to follow the various changes in the firm, under the names of Isaac

Collins, Isaac Collins & Son, Collins, Perkins & Co., Collins & Co., down

to the establishment of the house of Collins & Hannay, about the close of

the last war. This concern was composed of BENJAMIN S. COLLINS (the son of

Isaac), and SAMUEL HANNAY, who had been educated for the business by the

old house of Collins & Co. The enterprise, liberality, and industry of

this firm soon placed them at the head of the book trade in the city of

New York, where they are still remembered with respect and esteem by the

thousands of customers scattered all over our immense country, and with

affection and gratitude by many whose fortunes were aided, and whose

credit was established, by their generous confidence and timely aid. Mr.

BENJAMIN S. COLLINS is now living in dignified retirement, on his farm in

Westchester County. Several other members of the family, formerly

connected with the bookselling business, have also retired with a

competency, and are now usefully devoting their time and attention to the

promotion of the various charitable institutions of the country. Mr.

HANNAY died about a year since—and here we may be permitted to record our

grateful memory of one of the best men, and one of the most enterprising

booksellers ever known in our country. His exceeding modesty prevented his

marked and excellent qualities from being much known out of the small

circle of his immediate friends—but by them he is remembered with feelings

of love and veneration. The house of Collins & Hannay became subsequently

B. & S. Collins; Collins, Keese, & Co.; Collins, Brother, & Co.; and

Collins & Brother; now at last ROBERT B. COLLINS, the publisher of the

work under notice. We trust he may pursue the path to fortune with the

same honorable purposes, by the same honorable means, and with the same

gratifying result, which signalized the efforts of his worthy

predecessors. Nor are the names of the printer and stereotyper of the

present volume without a fraternal interest. The printer, Mr. VAN NORDEN,

one of our early and highly esteemed associates, may now be termed a

typographer of the old school. The quality of his work is good evidence

that he is entitled to the reputation, which has been long accorded to

him, of being one of the best printers in the country. The stereotyper of

this work, our old friend SMITH, is by no means a novice in his

department. We are glad to see that he, too, so ably maintains his

long-established reputation. May the publisher, the printer, and the

stereotyper of this edition of Æsop, ever rejoice in the sunshine of

prosperity, and may their shadows never be less!

Geo. P. Putnam has published a work entitled _New Elements of Geometry_,

by SEBA SMITH, which can not fail to attract the notice of the curious

reader, on account of the good faith and evident ability with which it

sustains what must be regarded by all orthodox science as a system of

enormous mathematical paradoxes. The treatise is divided into three parts,

namely, The Philosophy of Geometry, Demonstrations in Geometry, and

Harmonies of Geometry. In opposition to the ancient geometers, by whom the

definitions and axioms of the science were fixed, Mr. SMITH contends that

the usual division of magnitudes into lines, surfaces, and solids is

without foundation, that every mathematical line has a breadth, as

definite, as measurable, and as clearly demonstrable as its length, and

that every mathematical surface has a thickness, as definite, as

measurable, and as clearly demonstrable as its length or breadth. The

neglect of this fact has hitherto prevented a perfect understanding of the

true relation between numbers, magnitudes, and forms. Hence, the

barrenness of modern analytical speculation, which has been complained of

by high authorities, the mathematical sciences having run into a luxuriant

growth of foliage, with comparatively small quantities of fruit. This evil

Mr. SMITH supposes will be avoided by adopting the principle, that as the

measurement of extension is the object of geometry, lines without breadth,

and surfaces without thickness, are imaginary things, of which this rigid

and exact science can take no cognizance. Every thing which comes within

the reach of geometry must have extension, must have magnitude, must

occupy a portion of space, and accordingly must have extension in every

direction from its centre. Hence, as there is but one kind of quantity in

geometry, lines, surfaces, and solids must have identically the same unit

of comparison, and must be always perfect measures of each other. The unit

may be infinitely varied in size—it being the name or representative of

any assumed magnitude to which it is applied—but it always represents a

magnitude of a definite form, and hence a magnitude which has an extension

in every direction from its centre, and consequently represents not only

one in length, but also one in breadth, and one in thickness. One inch,

for example, in pure geometry, is always one cubic inch, but when used to

measure a line, or extension in one direction, we take only one dimension

of the unit, namely, the linear edge of the cube, and thus the operation

not demanding either the breadth or the thickness of the unit, geometers

have fallen into the error of supposing that a line is length without any

breadth. These are the leading principles on which Mr. SMITH attempts the

audacious task of rearing a new fabric of geometrical science, without

regard to the wisdom of antiquity or the universal traditions of the

schools. To us outside barbarians in the mysteries of mathematics, we

confess that the work has the air of an ingenious paradox; but we must

leave it to the professors to decide upon its claims to be a substitute

for Euclid, Playfair, and Legendre. Every one who has a fondness for

dipping into these recondite subjects will perceive in Mr. SMITH’S volume

the marks of profound research, of acute and subtle powers of reasoning,

and of genuine scientific enthusiasm, combined with a noble freedom of

thought, and a rare intellectual honesty. For these qualities, it is

certainly entitled to a respectful mention among the curiosities of

literature, whatever verdict may be pronounced on the scientific claims of

the author by a jury of his peers.

Little and Brown, Boston, have issued an interesting work by the Nestor of

the New England press, JOSEPH T. BUCKINGHAM, entitled _Specimens of

Newspaper Literature, with Personal Memoirs, Anecdotes and Reminiscences_,

which comes with a peculiar propriety from his veteran pen. The personal

experience of the author, in connection with the press, extends over a

period of more than fifty years, during a very considerable portion of

which time he has been at the head of a leading journal in Boston, and in

the enjoyment of a wide reputation, both as a bold and vigorous thinker,

and a pointed, epigrammatic, and highly effective writer. In this last

respect, indeed, few men in any department of literature can boast of a

more familiar acquaintance with the idiomatic niceties of our language, or

a more skillful mastery of its various resources, than the author of the

present volumes. His influence has been sensibly felt, even among the

purists of the American Athens, and under the very droppings of the Muses’

sanctuary at Cambridge, in preserving the “wells of English undefiled”

from the corruptions of rash innovators on the wholesome, recognized

canons of language. His sarcastic pen has always been a terror to evil

doers in this region of crime. In the work before us, we should have been

glad of a larger proportion from the author himself, instead of the

copious extracts from the newspapers of old times, which, to be sure, have

a curious antiquarian interest, but which are of too remote a date to

command the attention of this “fast” generation. The sketches which are

given of several New England celebrities of a past age are so natural and

spicy, as to make us wish that we had more of them. Materials for a third

volume, embracing matters of a more recent date, we are told by the

author, are not wanting; we sincerely hope that he will permit them to see

the light; and especially that the call for this publication may not be

defeated by an event, as he intimates, “to which all are subject—an event

which may happen to-morrow, and must happen soon.”

A new edition of EDWARD EVERETT’S _Orations and Speeches_, in two large

and elegant octavos, has been published by Little and Brown, including in

the first volume the contents of the former edition, and in the second

volume, the addresses delivered on various occasions, since the year 1836.

In an admirably-written Preface to the present edition, Mr. Everett gives

a slight, autobiographical description of the circumstances in which his

earlier compositions had their origin, and in almost too deprecatory a

tone, apologizes for the exuberance of style and excess of national

feeling with which they have sometimes been charged. In our opinion, this

appeal is uncalled for, as we can nowhere find productions of this class

more distinguished for a virginal purity of expression, and grave dignity

of thought. As a graceful, polished, and impressive rhetorician, it would

be difficult to name the superior of Mr. Everett, and had he not been too

much trammeled by the scruples of a fastidious taste, with his singular

powers of fascination, he would have filled a still broader sphere than

that which he has nobly won in the literature of his country. We

gratefully welcome the announcement with which the preface concludes, and

trust that it will be carried into effect at an early date. “It is still

my purpose, should my health permit, to offer to the public indulgence a

selection from a large number of articles contributed by me to the North

American Review, and from the speeches, reports, and official

correspondence, prepared in the discharge of the several official stations

which I have had the honor to fill at home and abroad. Nor am I wholly

without hope that I shall be able to execute the more arduous project to

which I have devoted a good deal of time for many years, and toward which

I have collected ample materials—that of a systematic treatise on the

modern law of nations, more especially in reference to those questions

which have been discussed between the governments of the United States and

Europe since the peace of 1783.”

_Echoes of the Universe_ is the title of a work by HENRY CHRISTMAS,

reprinted by A. Hart, Philadelphia, containing a curious store of

speculation and research in regard to the more mystical aspects of

religion, with a strong tendency to pass the line which divides the sphere

of legends and fictions from the field of well-established truth. The

author is a man of learning and various accomplishments; he writes in a

style of unusual sweetness and simplicity; his pages are pervaded with

reverence for the wonders of creation; and with a singular freedom from

the skeptical, destructive spirit of the day, he is startled by no mystery

of revelation, however difficult of comprehension by the understanding.

The substance of this volume was originally delivered in the form of

letters to an Episcopal Missionary Society in England. It is now published

in a greatly enlarged shape, with the intention of presenting the truths

of religion in an interesting aspect to minds that are imbued with the

spirit of modern cultivation. Among the Echoes that proceed from the world

of matter, the author includes those that are uttered by the solar system,

the starry heavens, the laws of imponderable fluids, the discoveries of

geology, and the natural history of Scripture. To these, he supposes, that

parallel Echoes may be found from the world of Spirit, such as the

appearance of a Divine Person, recorded in Sacred History, the visitations

of angels and spirits of an order now higher than man, the apparitions of

the departed spirits of saints, the cases recorded of demoniacal

possession, and the manner in which these narratives are supported and

explained by reason and experience. The seen and the unseen, the physical

and the immaterial, according to the author, will thus be shown to

coincide, and the Unity of the Voice proved by the Unity of the Echo. This

is the lofty problem of the volume, and if it is not solved to the

satisfaction of every reader, it will not be for the want of a genial

enthusiasm and an adamantine faith on the part of the author.

The same house has published a neat edition of Miss BENGER’S popular

_Memoir of Anne Boleyn_.

A new work by W. GILMORE SIMMS, entitled _The Lily and Totem_, (Baker and

Scribner, New York) consists of the romantic legends connected with the

establishment of the Huguenots in Florida, embroidered upon a substantial

fabric of historical truth, with great ingenuity and artistic effect. The

basis of the work is laid in authentic history; facts are not superseded

by the romance; all the vital details of the events in question are

embodied in the narrative but when the original record is found to be

deficient in interest, the author has introduced such creations of his own

as he judged in keeping with the subject, and adapted to picturesque

impression. It was his first intention to have made the experiment of

Coligny in the colonization of Florida, the subject of a poem; but

dreading the want of sympathy in the mass of readers, he decided on the

present form, as more adapted to the popular taste, though perhaps less in

accordance with the character of the theme. With his power of graphic

description, and the mild poetical coloring which he has thrown around the

whole narrative, Mr. SIMMS will delight the imaginative reader, while his

faithful adherence to the spirit of the history renders him an instructive

guide through the dusky and faded memorials of the past. One of the

longest stories in the volume is the “Legend of Guernache,” a record of

love and sorrow, scarcely surpassed in sweetness and beauty by any thing

in the romance of Indian history.

_Reminiscences of Congress_, by CHARLES W. MARCH, (Baker and Scribner, New

York), is principally devoted to the personal and political history of

DANIEL WEBSTER, of whom it relates a variety of piquant anecdotes, and at

the same time giving an analysis of his most important speeches on the

floor of Congress. The leading statesmen of the United States, without

reference to party, are made to sit for their portraits, and are certainly

sketched with great boldness of delineation, though, in some cases, the

free touches of the artist might be accused of caricature. Among the

distinguished public men who are introduced into this gallery are John Q.

Adams, Clay, Calhoun, Benton, Jackson, and Van Buren, whose features can

not fail to be recognized at sight, however twisted, in some respects,

they may be supposed to be by their respective admirers. Mr. MARCH has had

ample opportunities for gaining a familiar acquaintance with the subjects

he treats; his observing powers are nimble and acute; without any

remarkable habits of reflection, he usually rises to the level of his

theme; and with a command of fluent and often graceful language, his

style, for the most part, is not only readable but eminently attractive.

A new and greatly enlarged edition of _Mental Hygeine_, by WILLIAM

SWEETSER, has been published by Geo. P. Putnam—a volume which discusses

the reciprocal influence of the mental and physical conditions, with

clearness, animation, and good sense. It is well adapted for popular

reading, no less than for professional use.

AUTUMN FASHIONS.

[Illustration.]

Fig. 1. Evening Costume.

Evening Dresses. White is generally adopted for the evening toilet.

Muslin, _tulle_, and _barege_ form elegant and very beautiful textures for

this description of dress. They are decorated with festooned flounces, cut

in deep square vandykes; the muslins are richly embroidered. A _barege_,

trimmed with narrow _ruches_ of white silk ribbon, placed upon the edge,

has the appearance of being pinked at the edge. Those of white _barege_

covered with bouquets of flowers, are extremely elegant, trimmed with

three deep flounces, finished at the edge with a _chicoree_ of green

ribbon forming a wave; the same description of _chicoree_ may be placed

upon the top of the flounces. Corsage _a la_ Louis XV., trimmed with

_ruches_ to match. For dresses of _tulle_, those with double skirts are

most in vogue. Those composed of Brussels _tulle_ with five skirts, each

skirt being finished with a broad hem, through which passes a pink ribbon,

are extremely pretty. The skirts are all raised at the sides with a large

moss rose encircled with its buds, the roses diminishing in size toward

the upper part. These skirts are worn over a petticoat of a lively pink

silk, so that the color shows through the upper fifth skirt. As to the

corsage, they all resemble each other; the Louis XV. and Pompadour being

those only at present in fashion.

[Illustration.]

Fig. 2. Morning Costume.

A very beautiful evening dress is represented by fig. 1, which shows a

front and back view. It is a pale lavender dress of striped satin; the

body plaited diagonally, both back and front, the plaits meeting in the

centre. It has a small _jacquette_, pointed at the back as well as the

front; plain sleeve reaching nearly to the elbow, finished by a lace

ruffle, or frill of the same. The skirt is long and full, and has a rich

lace flounce at the bottom. The breadths of satin are put together so that

the stripes meet in points at the seams. Head dress, with lace lappets.

Fig. 2 represents an elegant style of body, worn over a skirt of light

lavender silk, with three flounces, each edged with a double _rûche_,

trimmed with narrow ribbon. The body is of embroidered muslin, the small

skirt of which is trimmed with two rows of lace; the sleeves are wide;

they are three-quarter length and are trimmed with three rows of lace and

rosettes of pink satin ribbon. This is for a morning costume.

Another elegant style of morning home dress, is composed of Valenciennes

cambric; the corsage plaited or fulled, so as to form a series of crossway

fullings, which entirely cover the back and front of the bust, the centre

of which is ornamented with a _petit décolletté_ in the shape of a

lengthened heart; the same description of centre-piece is placed at the

back, where it is closed by means of buttons and strings, ingeniously

hidden by the fullings. The lower part of the body forms but a slight

point, and is round and stiffened, from which descends a _châtelaine_,

formed by a wreath of _plumetis_, descending to the edge of the dress, and

bordered on each side with a large inlet, gradually widening toward the

lower part of the skirt.

Fashionable Colors. It is almost impossible to state which colors most

prevail, all are so beautifully blended and intermixed; those, however,

which seem most in demand are maroon, sea-green, blue, _pensée,_ &c.

FOOTNOTES

1 Now it is fate. _July_, 1850.

2 ——From swaddling-clothes,

Dying begins at birth.

3 The honest and uncompromising spirit in which these papers oppose

the sanitary movement, has led some people to imagine that there is

satire meant in them. The best way to answer this suspicion, is to

print here so much as we can find space for of the speech of

Alderman Lawrence, reported in the “Times” one Saturday. It will be

seen that the tone of his eloquence, and that of ours, differ but

little; and that the present writer resembles the learned Alderman

(who has succeeded, however, on a far larger scale) in his attempt

_miscere stultitiam consiliis brevem_. The noble city lord remarked:

“The fact was, that the sanitary schemes were got up; talk was made

about cholera, and people became alarmed. Now, it was said that

burial-grounds were highly injurious to health, and a great cry had

been raised against them. He did not know such to be the fact, that

they were injurious to health. He did not believe one word about it.

There were many persons who lived by raising up bugbears of this

description in the present day, and those persons were always

raising up some new crotchet or another.” After giving his view of

the new interments bill, he asked, “Was it likely that the public

would put up with the idea even of thus having the remains of their

friends carried about the country? Was it likely that the Government

would be permitted thus to spread perhaps pestilence and fever?”

There! If you want satire, could you have a finer touch than that

last sentence? There is a bone to pick, and marrow in it too.

4 In the ventilation of large buildings destined to admit a throng, it

may be also advantageous to the ægritudinary cause if heat be at all

times considered a sufficient agent.

5 Calcutta, 1848. This report is also published in the “Journal of the

Agricultural and Horticultural Society of India,” vol. vi. part 2.

Harper's New Monthly Magazine, No. V, October, 1850, Volume I. · 第 10 / 10 章

By the action of Congress during the past month, therefore, bills have