[16] The Tartars use an intoxicating liquor called koumiss, made from
mare's or camel's milk.
[17] Lines 118-134 mention various nomadic tribes; the names are of no
great importance.
[18] Attruck and Jaxartes (l. 126). Names of rivers.
[19] more doubtful service. Their allegiance was doubtful; they were
not bound to follow the army of King Afrasiab.
[20] Kuzzaks. Cossacks.
[21] Khorassan. A province of north-eastern Persia.
[22] Cabool. Cabul, the capital of Afghanistan. The trade route
between Cabul and Hindustan crosses the mountains at a great height.
[23] Iran. The original came of Persia.
[24] in plain arms. Without any device on his shield.
[25] fluted spine. The hollow spike at the top of the helmet, in
which the helmet-feather or crest is fitted.
[26] Dight. decked.
[27] Bahrein. An island.
[28] tale. number.
[29] perus'd. scanned.
[30] tried. experienced.
[31] Be govern'd. Take my advice.
[32] Chang'd gifts. Exchanged gifts, as a sign of friendship.
[33] Success is changeable as the wind.
[34] plummet. The lead used for sounding the depth of the sea.
[35] Hyphasis or Hydaspes. Two great rivers in northern India.
[36] wrack. ruin, destruction.
[37] that autumn star. Sirius, the dog star.
[38] minion. darling, or favorite. The word is generally used to
express contempt.
[39] Koords. The people of Kurdistan.
[40] It will be rumoured, or bruited, abroad.
[41] style. title or name.
[42] According to the original legend, Rustum left an amulet, or
charm, with the mother of Sohrab. Arnold has altered this detail of
the story, and substituted a seal for the amulet.
[43] griffin. A mythical creature, half-lion, half-eagle, which was
supposed to keep guard over hidden treasure. Just as in Roman
mythology, Romulus and Remus were reared by a she-wolf, so in Persian
mythology, Zal was reared by a griffin.
[44] Helmund. A river in Afghanistan.
[45] Sir. Another name for the river Jaxartes.
[46] silt. A deposit of mud or fine earth.
[47] This prophecy waa not fulfilled. Rustum, according to the
legend, met his death by treachery at the hand of his half-brother
Shughad.
[48] Kai Khosroo. The King of Persia, see line 220.
[49] imperious. demanding relief.
[50] Persepolis. An ancient city supposed to have been built by
Jemshid, or Jamshid, a mythical king of Persia.
[51] Chorasmian waste. A desert land, on the lower Oxus.
[52] Orgunje. A village on the Oxus.
[53] home of waters. The Aral Sea, or "Sea of Islands."
End of Project Gutenberg's Narrative and Lyric Poems, by O. J. Stevenson