is "For fortune, look." It is evident that these verses were written
at the time when our author first retired from court, and that they
were appended to this work long after. They allude to recent events,
to "fatal chance," and to other circumstances, which would have been
obliterated from the mind after the lapse of so many years.--M. See
Tusser's Autobiography, ch. 114, stanza 14, p. 208.
[E489] "Too daintie fed;" that is, to one who has been accustomed to
luxury, and high living.
[E490] "If court with cart, etc." If one, who has been a courtier, must
put up with the life of the country.
[E491] "What toesed eares." _Toese_, or _touze_, to worry (as a dog
does a bear), properly used of the dressing of wool, and thence
metaphorically, as in Spenser, Faerie Queene, xi. 33,
"And as a beare, whom angry curres have _touz'd_:"
to the dog who pulls the fell off the bear's back. Cf. the old name for
a dog, _Towzer_. Coles renders _tose_ or _toze_ by "_carpo, vellico_."
Baret, Alvearie, 1580, gives, "to Tosse wooll, _carpere lanam_."
Compare chap. 99. 4, p. 189, "so _tossed_ with comorants," which is
spelt _toesed_ in the ed. of 1577, and _teazed_ in those of 1580 and
1585.
[E492] "What robes." The livery or _vestis liberata_, often called
robe, allowed annually by the college.--Warton, Hist. of Eng. Poetry.
[E493] Penny-ale is common, thin ale. It is spoken of in Piers Plowman,
ed. Skeat, Passus xv. l. 310, as a most meagre drink, only fitted for
strict-living friars. It was sold at _a penny a gallon_, while the best
ale was _four pence_.
"Peny ale and podyng ale she poured togideres
For labourers and for lowe folke, þat lay by hym-selue."
--Piers Plowman, B. Text, Passus v. 220.
[E494] "Sundrie men had plagards then." See remarks in Biographical
Sketch, p. xii.
[E495] "The better brest," etc. On these words Hawkins, in his Hist. of
Music, ed. 1853, ii. 537, remarks: "In singing, the sound is originally
produced by the action of the lungs, which are so essential an organ
in this respect, that to have a _good breast_ was formerly a common
periphrasis to denote a _good singer_." Cf. Shakspere, Twelfth Night,
Act ii. sc. 3, "By my troth, the fool hath an excellent breast."
Halliwell quotes:
"I syng not musycall
For my _brest_ is decayd."
--Armonye of Byrdes, p. 5.
Ascham, in his Toxophilus, says, when speaking of the expediency
of educating youths in singing: "Trulye two degrees of men, which
have the highest offices under the king in all this realme, shall
greatly lacke the vse of singinge, preachers and lawyers, because they
shall not, without this, be able to rule theyr _brestes_ for euerye
purpose."--Lond. 1571, fo. 86; and in Strype's Life of Arch. Parker it
is stated that "In the Statutes of Stoke College, Suffolk, founded by
Parker, is a provision in these words: 'of which said queristers, after
their _breasts_ are changed, will the most apt of wit and capacity be
holpen with exhibitions of forty shillings.'"
[E496] Nicholas Udall was the author of our oldest known comedy
"Roister Doister." He was born 1505, and was Master first at Eton and
afterwards at Westminster, at both of which places he became notorious
for the severity of his punishments. He wrote several dramas, now lost,
one of which, "Ezekias," was acted before Queen Elizabeth at Cambridge,
and, in all probability, "Roister Doister" was intended to be performed
by his pupils.
[E497] As to Tusser's pedigree see letter from the Windsor Herald, in
the Biographical Sketch, p. xii.
[E498] "Tiburne play." Tyburn appears from authentic records to have
been used as a place of execution in the time of Edward III. and
probably before. See also stanza 35 post. There was another place of
execution, in the parish of St. Thomas-a-Waterings, in Southwark,
called for distinction Tyburn _of Kent_. See Pegge's Kenticisms, ed.
Skeat, Proverb 11, and Dr. Johnson's Poem of London, l. 238, and the
note on it in Hales's Longer Eng. Poems, 1872, p. 313.
[E499] "A towne of _price_." A common expression in old English,
meaning of high estimation, noble. See Halliwell, s.v.
[E500] "Norfolk wiles," etc. The East Anglians were noted for their
litigious propensities. Fuller, in his Worthies, says, "Whereas
_pedibus ambulando_ is accounted but a vexatious suit in other
counties, here (where men are said to study law as following the
plough-tail) some would persuade us that they will enter an action
for their neighbour's horse but looking over their hedge." An Act was
passed in 1455 (33 Henry VI. cap. 7) to check the litigiousness of the
district: "Whereas, of time not long past, within the city of Norwich,
and the counties of Norfolk and Suffolk, there were no more but 6 or 8
attornies at the most that resorted to the King's Courts, in which time
great tranquillity reigned in the said city and counties, and little
trouble or vexation was made by untrue and foreign suits. And now so it
is, that in the said city and counties, there be fourscore attornies
or more, the more part of them having no other thing to live upon but
only his gain by the practice of attorneyship, and also the more part
of them not being of sufficient knowledge to be an attorney, which
come to every fair, market, and other places, where is any assembly
of people, exhorting, procuring, moving and inciting the people to
attempt untrue foreign suits for small trespasses, little offences
and small sums of debt, whose actions be triable and determinable in
Court Barons; whereby proceed many suits, more of evil will and malice
than of the truth of the thing, to the manifold vexation and no little
damage of the inhabitants of the said city and counties, and also to
the perpetual destruction of all the Courts Baron in the said counties,
unless convenient remedy be provided in this behalf; the foresaid Lord
the King considering the premises, by the advice, assent and authority
aforesaid, hath ordained and established, that at all times from
henceforth there shall be but six common attornies in the said County
of Norfolk, and six common attornies in the said County of Suffolk, and
two common attornies in the said City of Norwich, to be attornies in
the Courts of Record; and that all the said fourteen attornies shall be
elected and admitted by the two Chief Justices of our Lord the King for
the time being, of the most sufficient and best instructed, by their
discretions." East Anglians were frequently called "Barrators," that
is, incitors to lawsuits (O. Fr. _bareter_, to deceive, cheat).
[E501] "Diram sell." West Dereham Abbey, near Downham, Norfolk, founded
by Hubert Walter, Archbishop of Canterbury, for Præmonstratensian
canons.
[E502] Faiersted, a parish about four miles from Witham, and near our
author's birthplace.
[E503] The plague, to which Tusser evidently alludes, according
to Maitland, raged in London in 1574 and 1575. It must have been
subsequent to 1573, as the edition of that date does not contain this
or the following stanza.
[E504] This and the preceding stanzas were first introduced in the
edition of 1580.
[E505] Cf.
"The rank is but the guinea stamp,
A man's a man for a' that."
--Burns.
[E506] "Cocking Dads." Cf. ch. 95, stanza 5, p. 186.
[E507] "Of hir or him." See note E381.
[E508] "L'homme propose, Dieu dispose."
[E509] "Or for to iet," etc. "The Normane guise was, to walke and
_jet_ up and downe the streetes, with great traines of idle serving men
following them."--Lambarde's Peramb. of Kent, Reprint of 1826, p. 320.
"_Jetting_ along with a giant-like gate."--Tom Tel-Troth's Message, New
Shak. Soc. ed. Furnivall, p. 125. "Rogue, why winkest thou? Jenny, why
_jettest_ thou?"--R. Holme, Names of Slates, Bk. iii. ch. v. p. 265.
"_Item_, That no scholler be out of his college in the night season, or
goe a _Jetting_, and walke the streetes in the night season, unlesse he
goe with the Proctors, uppon the payne appointed in the ould Statutes
of the University, which is not meate. And they declare that it is
the auncient custome, that the Proctors shall not goe a _Jetting_,
without the licence of the Vice Chancellor, unlesse it be in Time of
some suddayne danger or occasion."--Cole's MSS. vol. 42, in the British
Museum.
GLOSSARY.
_Those words which occur only in the edition of_ 1557 _are marked with
an asterisk._
_The references are to the Chapters and Stanzas; thus_, 36/23 _means
chapter_ 36, _stanza_ 23. _The usual abbreviations are used_.
Ad, 36/23, _v. imp._ add.
Addle, 51/6, _v._ increase in bulk.--T.R. Icel. _ödlask_ = to gain,
earn. "Adylle, _adipisci, acquirere_--Cath. Anglicum.
Adue, 3/8, _int._ adieu, farewell.
Aduise, 10/41, _s._ care, notice. "Take aduise of thy rent" = make
preparations for paying your rent, by laying by for that purpose.
Afoord, 99/4, _v._ afford.
After claps, 49/_d, s. pl._ disagreeable consequences.
Whane thy frende ys thy foo,
He wolle tell alle and more too;
Beware of after clappes!
--MS. Lansd. 762, f. 100.
After crop, 18/20, _v._ extract a second crop from the land.
Aile, 35/31, _v._ _affects_, is the matter with. A.S. _eglan_.
Aker, 10/14, _s._ acre.
Alexanders, 40/1, _s. pl._ the horse parsley. "_Alexandre_, the hearb
great parsley, Alexanders or Alisaunders."--Cotgrave. See Lyte's
Dodoens, p. 609.
All in all, 4/2, the principal point.
Alley, 15/35, _s._ paths, walk.
Allow, 33/30; Alow, 15/32, _v. pr. t._ recommend, approve of. O. Fr.
_alouer_, from Lat. _laudare_.
Aloft, 33/56, _adv._ up.
Alowe, 115/2, _adv._ low down, deep; cf. 114/23. Cf. "Why somme be
_alowe_ and somme alofte."--P. Plowman, B. Text, xii. 222.
Ambling, 95/2, _adj._ trotting, cantering.
Amends, 10/58, _s._ reparation, amendment.
Amisse, 89/13, _adv._ amiss, wrong.
Amitie, 9/18, _s._ friendship.
Andrew, 48/19, St. Andrew's Day, 30th November.
Among, 1/5, _adv._ at times; 27/4, euer among = constantly, always.
Anker, 13/5, _s._ anchor.
Annis, 45/1, _s._ anise. Lat. _anisum_.
Anoieng, 48/11, _v._ injuring, damaging. O. Fr. _anoier_, from Lat.
_nocere_.
Anue, 10/37, _adv._ anew, again.
Aperne, 17/4, _s._ an apron. Fr. _naperon_, a large cloth, from Lat.
_nappa_. O. Fr. _appronaire_ = a woman's apron; _appronier_ = a
blacksmith's apron. "Barmeclothe or naprun."--Prompt. Parv.
Aqua composita, 91/1, see note E459.
Araid, 48/22, _pp._ kept in order, regulated. O. Fr. _arraier_. A.S.
_gerædan_ = to get ready.
Arbor, 35/45, _s._ an arbour. O. Fr. _herbier_.
Armer, 2/4, _s._ help, assistance.
Arse, 51/4, _s._ buttocks, hind part. A.S. _ears, ærs_.
As, 57/47, which.
Assaie, 1/4, _s._ trial. O. Fr. _assai_.
Asunder, 17/11, _v._ break asunder or in pieces.
Atchiue, 69/1, _v._ finish, complete. O. Fr. _achiever_.
Athit, 16/6, _adj._ (?), "ill-breeders."--Mavor.
Ill-conditioned.--Wright's Prov. Dict.
A too, 17/9, _adv._ in two, asunder.
Attainted, 75/8, _pp._ tainted; the expression "touched" is also in
use. O. Fr. _attaint_, from Lat. _attingere_.
Attonement, 106/11, _s._ atonement.
Auke, 62/13, _adj._ unlucky (_lit._ backward, inverted, confused).
"Awke or wronge, _sinister_."--Prompt. Parv.
Aumbrie, 75/2, _s._ cupboard, pantry. See Prompt. Parv. _s.v._
_Awmebry_. L. Lat. _almonarium_. See also Wedgwood, s.v. _Ambry_.
Auailes, p. 2, _v. pr. t._ is useful or profitable.
Auens, 39/1, _s._ herb bennet--_geum urbanum_. Welsh _afans_. The roots
gathered in the spring and put into ale give it a pleasant flavour.
Auise Avouse, 55/4, "is French jargon for _assure_ yourself, _take
care_."--Mavor.
Auouch, 10/12, _v._ own, acknowledge.
"I'll avouch it to his head."
--Shak. Mids. Night's Dream, i. 1.
Awe, 56/2, _s._ August.
Ayer, 16/20, _s._ air.
B.
Baggage, 21/21, _s._ foul stuff, perhaps from Fr. _bagasse_.
Baggedglie tit, 16/6, worthless beasts, baggagely.
Baies, 81/2, _s. pl._ chidings, reproof. Halliwell has this word,
misspelt _baics_, as from Hunter's additions to Boucher.
Bailie, 10/18, _s._ bailiff, steward. Lat. _bajulus_. Fr. _bailli_.
Baiting, 85/2, feeding, eating.
Balke, 63/2, _s._ "What is in some places called a mier bank, being
narrow slips of land between ground and ground."--T.R. A.S. _balc_.
Welsh _valc_, a strip of land. "A balke or banke of earth ranged or
standing up betweene two furrowes."--Baret's Alvearie. Halliwell, s.v.
Balk, refers to this passage and explains Balke as a piece of timber.
Ball, 95/2, _s._ a common name for a horse. In the Prompt. it is
applied to a sheep, and in the Privy Purse expenses of Henry VIII. p.
43, to a dog.
Band, 56/17, _s._ bands or ropes of straw.
Bandes, 9/24, _s._ bonds, engagements.
Bandog, 10/19, _s._ a dog always tied up on account of his fierceness;
according to Bewick a species of mastiff crossed with a bull-dog. Dutch
_band-hond_.
Bane, 81/6, _s._ poison.
Bane, 46/23, _s._ ruin. A.S. _bana_. O. Icel. _bani_.
Banish, 9/29, _v._ free, clear.
Banket, 28/3, _v. pr. t._ feast, banquet.
Barberies, 34/3, _s._ barberry; _berberis vulgaris_, Linn.
Barberlie, 51/4, _adv._ like a barber.
Bare, 74/6, _adj._ uncouer your bare = strip the clothes off and whip
you.
Barelie, 63/23, _s._ barley.
Bargaine, 16/3, _s._ contract, agreement.
Barth, 33/26, _s._ shelter. "Barth, ground floor, floor."--Spurrell's
Welsh Dict. "A warm place or pasture for calves or lambs."--Ray. "A
place near the farm-house well-sheltered."--T.R.
Bartilmewtide, 57/47, St. Bartholomew's Day, 24th August.
Bassel, 42/1, Bazell, 50/34, _s._ basil, much used in cookery,
especially in France. _Ocymum basilicum_.--Gerard's Herball. So
called probably from its being used in some royal (βασιλικον[Greek:
basilicon]) medicine or bath.
Baulme, 42/2, _s._ balsam, contracted from Lat. _balsamum_.
Bauen, 57/33, _s._ light loose faggots. O. Fr. _baffe_ = a faggot.
"Baven, the smaller trees whose sole use is for the fire."--Skinner.
Bayted, 64*/7, _pp._ baited.
Beare off, 17/2, _v._ ward off, keep off.
Beare out, 16/10, _v._ keep off, protect from.
Beares, 20/1, _v. pr. t._ provides, furnishes.
*Bease, 57, _s. pl._ beasts, cows.
Beastlie, 20/2, _adj._ stupid, careless.
Beath, 23/9, _v._ to place before the fire, to straighten by heating.
Beck, 46/28, _s._ beak.
*Beclip, 30, _v._ anticipate, surprise.
Bedstraw, 19/40, _s._ clean straw.
Beene, 51/22, _s._ property, wealth. Fr. _bien_.
Beere, 96/84, _s._ bier.
Beetle, 22/1, _s._ a wooden club or mallet, its head hooped with iron,
and studded all over with nails, used for splitting wood.
Beggerie, 10/40, _s._ beggary, poverty.
Begilde, 57/27, Beguilde, 10/56, _pp._ cheated, disappointed.
Begon, 99/5, _pp._ begun.
Behoouing, 2/5, _adj._ belonging, proper to.
Bellifull, 46/27, _s._ sufficiency, satisfaction.
Bent, 113/3, _pp._ inclined, disposed.
Beshreawd, 102/7, _pp._ ruined, cursed. Connected with the _shrew_
mouse, to which deadly qualities were at one time attributed.
Bestad, 114/23, _pp._ circumstanced, situated.
Bestowe, 16/34, _v. imp._ place, arrange.
Betanie, 45/3, _s._ the plant Betony, _Betonica officinalis_, Linn.
Betwix, 74/2, _adv._ between. A.S. _betwix_.
Bewraies, 108/4, _v. pr. t._ betrays.
Bex, 37/12, _s. pl._ beaks. Fr. _bec_, pl. _becs_.
Biefe, 21/11, _s._ beef.
Big, 33/36, _s._ teat, pap. A.S. _bige_, a bosom.--Bailey's Dict. 1735.
It also occurs in Gifford's Dialogue on Witches, 1603.
Bil, 17/8; Bill, 33/22, _s._ billhook.
Bilde, 95/6, _v._ build.
Billet, 53/12, _s._ chopped-up wood.
Bin, 107/1, _pp._ been.
Blabs, 100/3, _s. pl._ chatterboxes, talkative persons. "_Cacqueteur,
babillard, baquenaudier, bavard_. A _blab_, a long tongue: one that
telleth whatsoever he heareth."--Nomenclator, 1585.
Blade, 19/14, _s._ blades of grass.
Blaze, 108/4, _v._ spread abroad the report of, blaze abroad. Cf.
Spenser, F. Q., I. xi. 7. A.S. _blæsan_, to blow.
Blenge, 100/3, _v._ blenge, mix.
Blessed thistle, 44/1, _s._ so called from its supposed power of
counteracting the effects of poison; _Carduus benedictus_.
Blew, 43/3, _adj._ blue.
Blindfild, 90/3, _adj._ blindfold.
Blisse, 2/3, _v._ bless, praise.
Block in the fier, 10/57, a block of wood in the fire.
Blocks, 17/11, _s. pl._ blocks of wood, trunks and stumps of trees.
Bloodwoort, 39/4, _s._ bloody-veined dock, _Rumex sanguineus_.
Blouse, 16/37, _s._ red-faced wife or girl. "A girl or wench whose
face looks red by running abroad in the wind and weather is called a
_blouz_, and said to have a _blouzing_ colour. "--Kennett, MS. Lansd.
1033. See also Thoresby's Letter to Ray, E.D. Soc. B. 17.
Blowne, 2/10, _pp._ reported.
Bobbed, 114/5, _pp._ pouting.
Boddle, 51/11, _s._ "a weed like the Mayweed, but bears a large yellow
flower."--T.R. From Dutch _buidel_, a purse, because it bears _gools_
or _goldins_, gold coins, Dutch _gulden_, a punning allusion to its
yellow flowers.
Boies, 57/34, _s. pl._ boys.
Bold, 2/9, _v. pt. t._ embolden, encourage.
Bold, 63/22, _adj._ proud.
Boll, 83/2, _s._ washing-bowl, tub.
Bolted, 67/2, _pp._ sifted, examined. Bolted-bread = a loaf of sifted
wheat meal mixed with rye. See _Bolt_ and _Bolting-cloth_ in Peacock's
Gloss. of Manley and Corringham.
Boollesse, 34/4, _s._ bullace, small tartish plums, black or yellow.
Called in Cambridgeshire "Cricksies." "I believe the word to be Celtic:
Irish _bulos_, a prune, Breton _polos_, a bullace, Gaelic _bulaistear_,
a bullace, a sloe."--Note by Rev. W. W. Skeat. "A bullace, frute,
_pruneolum_."--Manip. Vocab.
Boone, 62/17, _s._ request, prayer.
Boord, 23/12, _s._ boards, planks.
Boorde, 88/1, _s._ the table, meals.
Bootie, 48/14, _s._ booty, prey.
Borough, 33/7, _s._ burrows, warren. A.S. _beorg_, _beorh_.
Botch, 74/5, _v. imp._ patch.
Botles, 43/3, _s._ chrysanthemum. "Boyul or bothule, herbe or Cowslope,
_Vactinia_."--Prompt. Parv.
Bots, 45/22, _s. pl._ a disease (worms) troublesome to horses. Gaelic
_botus_, a bott; _boiteag_, a maggot.
Bottle, 21/15, _s._ the leathern bottle.
Bowd, 19/39, _s._ weevil, _Curculio granarius_; bowd-eaten = eaten by
weevils. "Bowde, malte worme." "Malte bowde or wevyl."--Prompt. Parv.
Bowe, 17/13, _s._ bow.
Bows, 36/12, _s. pl._ boughs, sticks. A.S. _bog, boh._
Brag, 19/14, _s._ boast, sham, pretence; 94/16, value, estimation.
Braggeth, 62/1, _v. pr. t._ boasts, brags. Welsh _bragiaw_. Fr.
_braguer_.
Brake, 15/33, _s._ underwood, ferns, etc. Brakes, "Their light firing
in Norfolk, that is wherewith they bake and brew."--T.R.
Brall, 77/11, _v._ quarrelling, scolding.
Bralling, 101/4, _adj._ brawling, quarrelsome.
Brank, 19/20, _s._ Buck-wheat. _Polygonum fagopyrum_. "_Brance_,
bearded red wheat."--Cotgrave. "_Brance_" occurs in Pliny's Hist. Nat.
xviii. c. 7.
Brats, 81/6, _s. pl._ children.
Brauling, 48/15, _s._ quarrels, contention.
Braue, 94/2, _adj._ fine, grand.
Brauerie, 9/12, _s._ show, boast.
Brawne, 31/2, _s._ brawn, originally the flesh of the wild boar, but
used for flesh generally. O. Fr. _braon, braion_.
Brawneth, 16/22, _v. pr. t._ fatteneth.
Breaching, 2/11, _s._ breaking, breach.
Breadcorne, 19/20, _s._ "leguminous crops."--Wright's Dict.
Breaker, 95/2, _s._ horse-breaker.
Breaketh his credit, 10/37, fails to do what he has promised.
Breakhedge, 15/36, _s._ trespassers and others who break down fences,
or make gaps in hedges.
Breathely, 33/38, _adj._ worthless. See Halliwell, s.v. Bretheling.
Brecke, 16/16, _s._ breach, gap. A.S. _brecan_, to break.
Breede, 10/31, _v._ cause, generate.
Breeders, 12/2, _s. pl._ good time for breeding.
Breeding, 2/10, _s._ origin, source.
Breers, 114/2, _s. pl._ briars, thorns, hence troubles and difficulties.
Bremble, 36/23, _s._ bramble, briar.
Brest, 11/7, _v._ nurse.
Brest, 114/6, _s._ voice. See note E495.
Breth, 107/4, _s._ breath.
Bribing, 10/27, _v._ thieving, stealing. "I _bribe_, I pull, I
pyll."--Palsgrave. See Mr. Skeat's note to P. Plowman, xxiii. 262.
Brineth, 75/8, _v. pr. t._ cure with brine or salt.
Brooketh, 94/10, _v. pr. t._ endures, allows.
Brothell, 10/20, _v._ riotous, dissipated. See Halliwell, _s.v._
Brethel.
Brows, 33/11, feed on, nibble. O. Fr. _brouster_ from _broust_,
a sprout. "Yode forth abroade unto the greenewood to _browze_ or
play."--Spenser, Shep. Cal. May. "_Browse_, or meat for beastes in
snowtyme. _Vesca_."--Huloet.
Brue, 15/33, _v._ brew. A.S. _briwan_.
Brush, 17/14, _s._ underwood, brushwood.
Brushed cote, 49/_b_, a beating; cf. "a dusted jacket."
Buck, 50/13, _s._ buckwheat. Dutch _boekweit_.
Buckle, 96/84, _v. imp._ prepare, get ready; cf. _buckle to_.
Bucks, 74/5, _s. pl._ a quantity of linen washed at once, a tub-full of
linen ready for washing. _Bouckfatt_, a washing-tub (Unton Inventories,
p. 28). Lay your bucks = get your linen ready for washing.
Buglas, 39/5, _s._ bugloss, _Lycopsis arvensis_, Linn.
Buie, 3/8, _v._; Buieng, 56/4, buy.
Bulchin, 33/36, _s._ a bull-calf.
Bullimong, 19/30, _s._ a mixture of oats, peas and vetches, or
buckwheat. Possibly a corruption of Lat. _pulmentum_.
Burch, 92/4, _s._ the rod, birch.
Burrage, 39/7, _s._ borage. _Borago officinalis_. The flowers were
supposed to be cordial and excitative of courage, especially if infused
in wine; whence the derivation Celtic _borr_, pride, _borrach_, a
haughty man.
Burs, 63/16, _s. pl._ the burdock. "_Bourre_, the downe or hairie coat,
wherewith divers herbs, fruites, and flowers are covered."--Cotgrave.
Bushets, 37/19, _s. pl._ small shoots from bushes.
Busht, 42/1, _adj._ thick, spreading.
Buttrice, 17/4, _s._ a farrier's tool used in shoeing horses to pare
the hoofs.
Buttrie, 89/5, _s._ pantry, cupboard.
Buzard, 46/28, _s._ buzzard.
By and bie, 57/15, _adv._ presently.
C.
Cabben, 16/23, _s._ house, sty.
Cace, 67/26, _s._ case, point.
Cadow, 46/28, _s._ jackdaw. "_Cadesse_, Daw, Jackdaw."--Cotgrave.
"Cad-dow, a Jackdaw or Chough, Norfolk."--Bailey's Dict. See note in
Prompt. Parv., s.v. Cadaw.
Calling, 9/1, _s._ station in life.
Camamel, 42/3, _s._ Camomile. Lat. _chamæmelum_. χαμαιμηλον [Greek:
chamaimeilon], earth-apple, from the smell of its flowers.
Campe, 22/24, _v._ to play football. A.S. _camp_ = a contest. See Ray's
Glossary, E. D. Soc. p. xvi.
Campers, 22/24, _s. pl._ football players. See note E133.
Campions, 43/5, _s._ Red Lychnis or Campion, _Lychnis diurna_.
Candlemas, page 84, footnote 5, _s._ 2nd February, so called from
the great number of lights used on that day, being the feast of the
Purification of the Virgin Mary.
Canteth, 94/8, _v. pr. t._ ? scanteth, _i.e._ is economical. The edition
of 1573 reads _franteth_, which is a Somerset word meaning _to be
careful_. Canteth, according to Halliwell, means "divides," _i.e._ does
not use up everything at once, but only what is wanted for the time.
Canuas, 57/54, _s._ canvas.
Capitaine cheefe, 10/19, head or chief captain.
Capon, 31/3, _s._ a castrated cock.
Careles, 35/4, _adj._ unwilling, not anxious.
Carkas, 26/4, _s._ corpse, body. Fr. _carcasse_.
Carke, 114/15, _v._ to be anxious. "I carke, I care, I take thought,
_je chagrine_"--Palsgrave. "Waile we the wight whose absence is our
_carke_."--Spenser, Shep. Cal. November.
*Carnels, 101, _s. pl._ seeds of the haw, briar, etc. Cf. ch. 18. st.
48 and 36. 13.
Carrege, 56/21, _s._ carrying home.
Carren, 18/36, _s._ carrion, carcasses, M.E. _caroigne_. Fr.
_charogne_, from It. _carogna_, Lat. _caronem_.
Carrenly, 19/36, _adj._ rotting, putrifying.
Cart gap, 56/13, _s._ the openings for carts to pass from one field to
another.
Cartwrite, 58/5, _s._ cartwright.
Cast, 10/41, _v._ to count up, reckon.
Cast, 20/3, _v. pr. t._ to clean the threshed corn by casting it from
one side of the barn to the other, that the light grains and dust may
fall out. For this purpose is used a _skuttle_, q.v.
Cast, 33/52, _v. imp._ give over, throw up.
Casting, 65/8, _adj._ that throw up the earth as they burrow through it.
Cater, 10/16, _s._ caterer, provider. "_Cater_ a steward, a
manciple, a prouider of Cates."--Baret's Alvearie. "Cates, dainty
provisions."--Bailey's Eng. Dict. 1737.
Cawme, 56/15, _adj._ calm, settled.
Challenge, 72/1, _v._ claim. O. Fr. _chalenger_.