The following methods of preparing dichlorohydrin are described
in the literature: the action of gaseous hydrogen chloride on
glycerol;[1b] the action of gaseous hydrogen chloride on glycerol
mixed with an equal volume of acetic acid;[2] the action of hydrogen
chloride gas on glycerol containing 1-2 per cent of some organic acid,
as acetic, as a catalyst;[3] the action of aqueous solution of
hydrochloric acid on glycerol containing acetic acid as a catalyst;[4]
the action of sulfur monochloride on glycerol.[5]
The previous work, described in the literature, indicated that the best
yields were obtained by the treatment of glycerol containing 1-2 per
cent of acetic acid as a catalyst by gaseous hydrogen chloride.
Therefore this method was employed.
[1a] J. Am. Chem. Soc. 39, 2187 (1917)
[1b] Ann. 88, 311 (1853); Ann. chim. phys. (3) 41, 297 (1854);
(6), 22, 437 (1891); Bull. soc. chim. (2), 48, 237
(1887); Z. physik. Chem. 92, 717 (1918); 93, 59 (1919); 94, 691
(1920); D. R P. 263,106; 272,337; Frdl. 11, 33 (1912).
[2] Ann. Spl. 1, 2I8 (1861); Ann. chim. phys. (3) 60, 18 (1860).
[3] D. R. P. 197,308; Frdl. 9, 33 (1908).
[4] D. R. P. 197,309; Frdl. 9, 33 (1903).
[5] Ann. 122, 73 (1862); 168, 43 (1873); Ber. 5, 354
(1872); Ann. chim. phys. (6) 22, 437 (1891).