of the citadel of Antwerp, and it had been decided that the command of
this most important fortress should be conferred upon the Duke of
Aerschot. His claims as commander-in-chief, under the authority of the
State Council, and as chief of the Catholic nobility, could hardly be
passed over, yet he was a man whom neither party trusted. He was too
visibly governed by interested motives. Arrogant where he felt secure of
his own, or doubtful as to another's position, he could be supple and
cringing when the relations changed. He refused an interview with
William of Orange before consulting with Don John, and solicited one
afterwards when he found that every effort was to be made to conciliate
the Prince. He was insolent to the Governor-General himself in February,
and respectful in March. He usurped the first place in the church,
before Don John had been acknowledged Governor, and was the first to go
forth to welcome him after the matter had been arranged. He made a scene
of virtuous indignation in the State Council, because he was accused of
place-hunting, but was diligent to secure an office of the highest
dignity which the Governor could bestow. Whatever may have been his
merits, it is certain that he inspired confidence neither in the
adherents of the King nor of the Prince; while he by turns professed
the warmest regard both to the one party and the other. Spaniards and
patriots, Protestants and Catholics, suspected the man at the same
moment, and ever attributed to his conduct a meaning which was the
reverse of the apparent. Such is often the judgment passed upon those
who fish in troubled waters only to fill their own nets.
The Duke, however, was appointed Governor of the citadel. Sancho
d'Avila, the former constable, refused, with Castillian haughtiness,
to surrender the place to his successor, but appointed his lieutenant,
Martin d'Oyo, to perform that ceremony. Escovedo, standing upon the
drawbridge with Aerschot, administered the oath: "I, Philip, Duke of
Aerschot," said the new constable, "solemnly swear to hold this castle
for the King, and for no others." To which Escovedo added, "God help
you, with all his angels, if you keep your oath; if not, may the Devil
carry you away, body and soul." The few bystanders cried Amen; and with
this hasty ceremony, the keys were delivered, the prisoners, Egmont,
Capres, Goignies, and others, liberated, and the Spaniards ordered to
march forth.
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Agreements were valid only until he should repent
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Attachment to a half-drowned land and to a despised religion
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