A very industrious contributor to the _Asiatic Researches_ has afforded
scope for some jests at his expense, because of the attempt which he has
made to identify the British islands with certain Western localities
commemorated in the writings of the Hindoos. Had he but known, however,
the coincidence of _our monuments_ with those _mysteries_ which the
Puranas record, how they mutually support and dovetail into each other, he
could not only have laughed to scorn the traducers of his services, but
fixed his fame upon a pinnacle of literary pride which no _undergrowl_ of
envy could have subverted.
But as it is, unacquainted with the history of the places which he left
behind him, and wading, therefore, through an ocean in which he had no
compass for his guide, he has, in his puerile endeavours to wrest the text
of the Puranas to external prejudices, effected more himself towards the
disparagement of his reputation, than what the combined influence of
interest and of scepticism could otherwise accomplish.
“There are,” say the Puranas, “many manifestations and forms of Bhagavan,
O Muni, but the form which resides in the _White Island_ is the primitive
one. Vishnu,” says the author, “recalling all his emanations into the
_White Island_, went into the womb, in the house of Vasu-devi; and on
this grand occasion he recalled all his emanations. Bama and Nrisinha are
complete forms, O Muni; but Crishna, the most powerful king of the _White
Island_, is the most perfect and complete of all Vishnu’s forms. For this
purpose Vishnu, from Potola, rejoins the body of Radhiceswara, the lord of
Radha, he who dwells in the _White Island_ with the famous _snake_, a
portion of his essence. The gods sent there portions of their own essences
to be consolidated into the person of Crishna, who was going to be
incarnated at Gocula.”[380]
The gist of the foregoing, Mr. Wilford would neutralise by this following
extract, which he gives as the substance of another notice in the same
documents, and which he considers himself as incredible:--
“_Bali_, an antediluvian, and in the fifth generation from the creation,
is introduced, requesting the god of gods, or Vishnu, to allow him to die
by his hand, that he might go into his paradise in the _White Island_.
Vishnu told him it was a favour not easily obtained; that he would however
grant his request. But, says Vishnu, you cannot come into my paradise now;
but you must wait till I become incarnate in the shape of a _boar_, in
order to make the world undergo a total renovation, to establish and
secure it upon a most firm and permanent footing: and you must wait a
whole yuga till this takes place, and then you will accompany me into my
paradise.”
“Ganesa, who is identified with Vishnu, and has also an inferior paradise
in the _White Island_, and another in the Euxine, or Jeshu sea, thus says
to a king of Casi, or Benares, an antediluvian, and who, like Bali, wished
much to be admitted into his elysium, “you cannot now enter my paradise in
the _White Island_; you must wait 5000 years; but in the mean time you may
reside in my other paradise, in the Euxine Sea.”
Now, all these monstrosities, as they presented themselves to Mr. Wilford,
gauging them with the comparisons of dry rule and line on the application
of the true touchstone, vanish into ether.
The most _mysterious_ and _religiously-occult_ name given to _Ireland_ in
the days of its pristine glory was _Muc-Inis_.
This word has three interpretations--firstly, the _Boar Island_; secondly,
the _White Island_; and, thirdly, the _Sacred_, or rather the _Divine_,
and _Consecrated Island of God_.[381]
Is it necessary that I should say one syllable more to authenticate the
Puranas, and identify this _hallowed_ spot with the _paradise_ of their
encomiums? No: I shall not affront your understanding by so supposing. The
explanation of this _single term_ has, more effectually than could a
_ship-load of folios_, set to flight the hobgoblins of ignorance and of
scepticism, and reared the castle of truth on the ruins of prostrated
error.
I would by no means, however, be understood as intending an ungenerous
trophy over Mr. Wilford’s mistakes. I respect the zeal with which he
embarked in his undertaking; and, to speak over-board, the lapses which he
has committed were to _him_ ethically unavoidable.
The sting, therefore, of the above, if any it convey, must be directed
exclusively to the _romancers_ of my own country: a specimen of whom I
shall give you in the Rev. Dr. Keating, who, venturing to unveil the
mystery of the name _Muc-Inis_, and account for its origin, tells us, with
a serious face, that “when the Danaans found the Milesians attempted to
land, by their magical enchantments they threw a cloud on the island, by
which it appeared no bigger than a _hog’s_ back!!!”
But Ireland, thank God, is rescued from the drivelling of such dotards. It
will hold its place now amongst the nations of the earth; and the result
is inevitable, however tardy your compliance, but that the truth will be
_revived_ from one pole of the universe to the other, that, in the
primeval world, all sanctity and all happiness had here fixed their abode,
that heaven was here personified, and that the irradiating focus of all
moral enlightenment was here alone to be found.[382]
Look, Sir, what do you see before you? The solution of that all-healing
_arrow_ which Abaris was said to have brought with him from the island of
the Hyperboreans, on his visit of religion to Greece!
Should you ever chance to travel as far as the county of Galway, inquire
for the deserted village of Knockmoy. Though now dreary, inconsiderable,
and forgotten, it was once the theatre of soul-stirring impressions!
[Illustration]
There in the remnant of an ancient Tuath-de-danaan Temple, vaulted with
stone, and transformed, in after ages, to a Christian Abbey, you will
find, after a succession of, at least, three thousand revolving years,
this pathetic representation of the _youth Apollo slaying with his arrow
the serpent Python_[383]--in other words, _overthrowing, by
self-endurance, the dominion of sin! and, finally, by immolation upon a
tree_, to which you perceive him pinioned, _establishing ascendency over
the serpent and his wiles_, and pointing out the road to eternity beyond
the grave!
[Illustration]
In an upper range, on the same compartment, you can trace this other line,
consisting of three kings with their eastern _crowns_, their eastern
_costume_, and the _dove_ of amity entwining all of them as they
superintend the spectacle, while the solemnity of the whole is enhanced by
the composure with which a Brehon sits by, in his turban of state, after
reading from the _Bana_, or the Budhist gospel, the sentence of
condemnation and of mysterious expiation, in one and the same breath.
“He was oppressed and He was afflicted; yet He opened not His mouth: He is
brought as a lamb to the slaughter, and as a sheep before His shearers is
dumb, so He openeth not His mouth.”[384]
But this is not the only incident which this treasure of antiquity
pourtrays. Beside the three monarchs are skeleton delineations of the
_three_ other divinities, who, before this _fourth_, assumed the form of
humanity, and went through the same ordeal of atoning passion to reclaim
our species, through ages back in the distance![385]
It will readily be believed, that descriptions so mysterious, relating to
events so momentous, must have attracted the observation of subsequent
years. Generation after generation gazed upon them with wonder! Generation
after generation spoke their ignorance in wonder! Mr. Ledwich, of course,
must have a snap at them: and it would make a _cat_ laugh, or Plutarch’s
_boar_ dance a hornpipe, to hear the contortions of history, the
violations of nature, the perversions of fact, of date, and of
philosophy, which this _blot_ upon letters has strung together into a
melange, as if an exposition of the above hieroglyphics!
And yet, this is he who boasts of his having been “_not sparing of
ridicule_” in those moments which he tells us, “he could steal from
_clerical_ and domestic avocations,”--to tell lies of his country!
The speculation took, however, and he was fostered in his malice--riches
and honours were showered upon him!
Well, he died--a monitory pause accompanies the sound--but the party must
have a successor!
They “have found him” amongst themselves!--the author of the _Fine Arts in
Ireland_!
This _fine_ gentleman has really exhibited some degree of _tact_, which
shows him not unworthy of his appointment. He begins by denouncing, hoof
and horn, every position of his predecessor! Calls him, as a salvo, “a
learned man!” but insists upon his being a “most unskilful antiquary”; and
though “dogmatic,” “altogether a visionary.”
These, you would suppose, were great liberties to take with the
foster-child of patronage. They were so, in _appearance_, not _in
reality_, for
“Mutato nomine, de te fabula narratur”--
he is a _modern_,[386] and though of a different _school_, it suits their
purpose as well.
But let us see how he would decipher “the writing upon the wall.”
“If we might venture a _conjecture_,” he says, “it would be that the
living figures represent the most distinguished native princes, who warred
with the adventurers in defence of their country; and that those of the
deceased kings were the patriot monarchs of earlier times!”
Pray, _what_ adventurers? _what_?--But the farce is too absurd to bestow
discussion upon it.
Come, however, to the _crucifixion scene_, what would “P----” make of
this?
“This _appears_,” he says, “to represent the death of the young son of
Dermod MacMurrough, who was delivered up to Roderick O’Connor, as a
hostage for his father’s fidelity, and who, according to Cambrensis, and,
we _believe_, to our own annalists, was abandoned by that inhuman and
ambitious parent to his fate!”
After the flourish of trumpets, with which Mr. P---- had proclaimed
_independence_ of Dr. Ledwich, one would have expected a _new_ ascription,
or, at least, a _different_ one, from him. This, however, is but a
_servile transcript from his predecessor’s work_, and that, too, without
having the candour to quote him as his authority!
“But let us view those things with closer eyes.”
Had MacMurrough’s son been put to death by O’Connor, in that awful manner
above delineated, with such external parade, and such mysterious pomp,
think you that Cambrensis, who never omitted _even the most trivial
feature_ of a narrative, would have been blind to a particular, which must
have interested all his readers? Yet, as to the reality of this--Mr.
P----’s insinuation notwithstanding--Cambrensis is silent and mute as the
grave!
A fact which was thought worthy to be commemorated in _fresco_ must have
been equally eligible as a phenomenon in _writing_. The O’Connors,
therefore, whom Mr. P---- would install as the authors of this device,
must have retained some _documentary_ register thereof: and, though it is
well known, that there is not a family in the kingdom, who have preserved
the records of their house with such industry or minuteness as _they_
have, yet is there not so much as the _semblance_ of an allusion to be
traced amongst them, to this _mysterious representation_!
Nay, if O’Connor had put to death MacMurrough’s son, with such
circumstances of torture and savage insensibility, is it probable that he
would himself be the person to immortalise his disgrace, by depicting it
upon such a chronicle? And if the virtue of the nation were not previously
outraged by the _hellishness_ of the crime itself, would it not now blaze
forth in holy indignation at the infatuated _vanity_ of the monster, who,
not satisfied with the murder of his innocent _victim_, must deluge his
_country_ also in gore, by associating it, to forthcoming ages, with this
outline of his barbarity?
Yes, sir, if they were _silent_ as to the _crime_, they would be
_eloquent_ as to the _painting_! And it is not only that they would
_demolish_ the _structure_ within which it was _inscribed_, but every
_quill_ within the realm would become a _pen_, every _liquid_ be converted
into _ink_, and every _hand_ be made that of a _writer_ to rescue the
_island’s_ fame from identity with the traitor’s _cause_; and confine to
his own and his loathed head the withering execrations of posterity!
Instead of which, however, not a syllable is uttered, on paper or on
parchment, allusive to the tragedy! Not a _presage_ is imparted by
mournful _banshee_! nor _elegy_ sung by familiar _mna-caointha_! No
_historian_ records the heart-rending _tale_! nor does _gipsy_ retail it
in itinerant _ditty_! But the _mystery_ of sorrow, and the _sanctity_ of
_truth_, that _hallowed the scene which this temple commemorates_, has,
still further, exerted its protecting instrumentality, and besides the
_moving evidences imprinted_ upon its _interior_, has added those also of
_exclusion from without_, and prevented the iniquity of _profane_
appropriation, by the occurrence of any equivocal record!
The devices upon places of worship are always of a religious kind. Would
the perpetration of a _faithless infanticide_ be considered an act of
religion? And, if not, why emblazon it within the tabernacle of prayer,
with all the circumstances of grace and of grandeur around it?--solemnised
by kings! superintended by gods! and executed by judges!
Oh! sir, a dire plague of astringent benightment has lain brooding over
history! and spread, like the _upas_, its baleful emaciation over
everything of culture that fell within its shadow! But _truth_ is
_immortal_: and, however _momentarily suppressed_, will _ultimately_
recover.
“It is a pleasure,” says Bacon, “to stand on the shore, and to see ships
tossed upon the sea; a pleasure to stand in the window of a castle, and to
see a battle, and the adventurers thereof below; _but no pleasure is
comparable to the standing on the vantage-ground of truth_ (a hill not to
be commanded, and where the air is always clear and serene), _and to see
the errors, and wanderings and mists and tempests, in the vale below; so
always that this prospect be with pity, and not with swelling or pride_.
Certainly it is heaven upon earth to have a man’s mind move in charity,
rest in Providence, and turn upon the poles of truth.”
The very dresses, which adorn these venerable delineations, are enough to
redeem them from the turpitude which Mr. P---- would impute to them.
O’Connor and MacMurrough were, neither of them, on this earth, for at
least _two thousand years after_ these were in vogue! neither are they by
any means the habits which P---- would persuade us that “laws were
subsequently enacted to abolish as barbarous!”
Behold! I show you a mystery![387]
[Illustration]
What do you see here?[388] What do you make of this Mr. P----. Or do you
think that O’Connor went over into Nubia, and got the impress of his
enormity canonised there also, in the form of a cross, within the temples
and sanctuaries of the adoring Egyptians?
I copy this image from a work of great value, lately published in Paris by
Monsieur Rifaud; which he designates by the title of _Voyage en Egypte et
en Nubie, et lieux circonvoisins_. The plate under notice is but part of a
larger one, which he describes as “Façade du petit temple de Kalabche (en
Nubie) et ses détails intérieurs,” and of which I shall, by and by, treat
you to two more compartments, as the exact correspondents of the six
crowned figures at Knockmoy.
Meanwhile, I beg leave to introduce to you on the next page, some of the
sculptures on the Tuath-de-danaan _cross_, at old Kilcullen, in the county
of Kildare, Ireland. Here you distinguish nine _Budhist_ priests in the
_Eastern_ uniform, with _bonnet_, _tunic_, and _trouser_--nay, with their
very _beards_ dressed after the Egyptian fashion.
Other figures I shall leave to your own research to unfold. But let me
particularly _fasten_ upon your faculty of comparing, the _head-gear_ of
the standing figure, in the _second_ division, and that of the crucifixion
upon the Nubian temple. Are they not _critically_, _accurately_, and
_identically_ the same?
Look next at the brute _animals_ that take part in this group! Mind the
_grotesqueness_ of their positions, and the _combination_ of their
character with that of _man_! then lay your hand upon your breast, and,
with the light now streaming in upon you, can you conscientiously believe
that the _cross_ which exhibits itself at the other side, was ever the
work of Christianity?[389]
[Illustration]
But as you cannot imagine that O’Connor had gone over to Nubia, in the
twelfth century of the Christian era, to get his murdered hostage
_deified_ in a pagan temple, built, perhaps, at the very lowest, three
thousand years before his time, so neither can you impose upon us, that
the Budhists stole a march upon our Christian _supineness_, and, while our
different sects were fighting for _who should have most_, and proclaiming
“I am of Paul, and I of Apollos, and I of Cephas, and I of Christ,”[390]
imprinted their complexity upon our boasted simplicity, and then suddenly
again vanished without having been once seen, felt, heard, discovered, or
understood!!!
What entanglements will not people plunge themselves into when supporting
a bad cause! And how easy is the road which rectitude follows!
The Hindoo Puranas corroborate, to an iota, this our Knockmoy
crucifixion.[391] _Sulivahana_ is the name which they give to the deity
there represented. The meaning of the word is _tree-born_, or, who
suffered death upon a tree. He was otherwise called _Dhanandhara_, that
is, the _sacred almoner_. And his fame, say the Puranas, reached even to
the _Sacred Island_, in the sea of _milk_, that is, of _Doghda_, which
signifies milk, and which was the title of the tutelar goddess of
Ireland.[392]
Avaunt, then, evermore, to the humbug of _back-reckoning_, and the charge
of _imposture_ upon the Brahmins! I flatter myself, I have laid an
_extinguisher_, for ever, upon that pretext.
As I have before presumed to offer a suggestion to the translators of
oriental _manuscripts_, I shall take the additional liberty of intimating,
which I do with profound submission and respect, to the decipherers of all
_hieroglyphics_, whether in Ireland or in the East, that those
_arrow-headed_ characters, to be met with at Persepolis, and resembling in
their formation our Irish Oghams, _bear reference, both of them, to this
mysterious crucifixion_! And that if Mr. Champollion, and other gentlemen
interested in the prosecution of those useful points, will attend to this
my advice, they will find it a more _certain key to the attainment of
their desired object, than all the labour and outlay of centuries
heretofore_!
“Knowing that Nature never did betray
The heart that loved her; ’tis her privilege,
Through all the years of this our life, to lead
From joy to joy: for _she can so inform
The heart that is within us, so impress
With quietness and beauty, and so feed
With lofty thoughts_, that neither evil tongues,
Rash judgments, nor the sneers of selfish men,
Nor greetings where no kindness is, nor all
The dreary intercourse of daily life,
Shall e’er prevail against us, or disturb
Our cheerful faith, that all which we behold
Is full of blessings.”--WORDSWORTH.