_paragraph notice in a memoir_, "Résumé des travaux de la section
d'histoire naturelle, et de celle des sciences medicales
pendant l'année, 1833" B. 3. 66.
A briefer notice in a paper, "A Period in the History of our
Planet," in Edinburgh New Phil. Journal, 1843, Vol. 35,
p. 9, quoted by Von Meyer XXVIII. 36. 65.
de Blainville (D.).--Osteographie; Palæotherium, p. 9 (Vol. 2),
quoted by v. Meyer AF. 5. 9.
Bonaparte (C. L.).--Nuovi Annali delle Scienze Naturali Bologna[1],
Vol. 1, 1838, p. 391; Vol. 4, 1840, 24 Sept. p. 91.
Blumenbach.--Manuel d'Histoire naturelle, éd. 1803, Vol. 2,
p. 408 B. 12. 20.
(Vergleichende Anatomie, 1805, p. 75), § 44, Translation,
1807 Tt. 18. 51.
Handbuch der Naturgeschichte, 1825, p. 620 Yy. 39. 6.
Burmeister.--Gesellsch. zu Halle, Vol. 3, Part 2, 1855;
Viertel-jahrsbericht, 28 April, p. 11 XXVI. 50. 2.
Collini.--Acta Acad. Theod. Palat. 1784, Vol. 5,
p. 58, pl. 1. 17. 5. 34.
Cuvier.--Ossemens fossiles, Vol. 5, Pt. 2, p. 359, ed. 1824, pl. 23.
VII. 1. 36.
Annales du Museum, 1809, Vol. 13, p. 424 B. 42. 13.
Règne Animal, ed. 1850, Vol. Rept. p. 62. XVIII. 15. 15.
Dumeril et Bibron.--Erpétologie générale, Vol. 4, p. 549. B. 37. 33.
Fischer.--Bibliotheca Palæontologica, Moscow, 1834, p. 163. LR. 15. 58.
Fitzinger.--Systema Reptilium[1], 1843, p. 35.
Fraas.--Württemb. naturw. Jahreshefte, XI. 1855, p. 102. XIII. 24. 25.
Giebel.--Jahresbericht des naturwiss. Vereins zu Halle[1], 1849-50.
Fauna der Vorwelt, 1847 (Vögel und Amphib. p. 89). B. 46. 17.
Allgemeine Palæontologie[1], 1852, p. 231.
Goldfuss.--Nova Acta Leopold., XV. Part 1, p. 63, pl. 7-10. 23. 4. 63.
Van der Hoeven.--Verslagen en Mededeelingen van het K,
Nederl. Institut over den Jare, 1846, p. 430. 23. 6. 136.
Merk.--Bald. Medic. Journ. Stück. 1787, Vol. 4, p. 74. XVIII. 23. 10.
H. von Meyer.--Reptilien aus dem Lithograph. Schiefer, 1859
(Fauna der Vorwelt) KK. 1. 55.
Nova Acta Leopold., XV. Part 2, 1831, p. 198, pl. 60 23. 4. 64.
Palæologica, 1832, pp. 115, 228 X. 20. 39.
Jahrb. für Mineral. 1837, p. 316 XIII. 14. 32.
1838, pp. 415, 667 XIII. 14. 33.
1843, p. 583 XIII. 14. 38.
Palæontographica, Vol. 1, p. 1846 B. 40. 53.
Jahrb. für Mineral. 1854, p. 51 XIII. 14. 50.
1855, p. 328 XIII. 14. 61.
1856, p. 826 XIII. 14. 52.
1857, p. 535 XIII. 14. 53.
1858, p. 62 XIII. 14. 62.
Von Munster.--Jahrb. für Mineral. 1832, p. 412 XIII. 14. 27.
Nova Acad. Leopold., XV. Part 1, p. 49, pl. 6 23. 4. 63.
Jahrb. für Mineral. 1836, p. 580 XIII. 14. 31.
Beiträge zur Petrefaktenkunde, i.; p. 83, 1839 XIII. 11. 49.
Jahrb. für Mineral. 1839, p. 677 XIII. 14. 34.
1842, p. 35 XIII. 14. 37.
A. Oppel.--Württemb. naturw. Jahreshefte, XII. 1856, p. 326.
XIII. 24. 25.
Württemb. naturw. Jahreshefte, XIV. 1858, p. 55 XIII. 24. 26.
Oken.--Isis, 1818, p. 246, pl. 4 XXII. 5. 2.
1819, p. 1788 XXII. 5. 3.
Quenstedt.--Jahrb. für Mineral. 1854, p. 570 XIII. 14. 50.
Ueber Pterodactylus Suevicus[1], 4to. 1855.
Sonst und Jetzt[1], 1856, p. 130.
Württemb. naturw. Jahreshefte, XIII. 1857, p. 41; XIV. 1858,
p. 299 XIII. 24. 26.
Der Jura, 1858, p. 812 B. 44. 48.
Ritgen.--Nova Acta Leopold., XIII. Part 1, 1826, p. 329, pl. 16.
23. 4. 68.
Th. von Sömmerring.--Denkschriften Akad. München,
1812, Vol. IV. p. 89, pl. 5-7[2] 23. 3. 28.
1820, Vol. VI. pp. 89, 102, pl. 23. 3. 31.
Spix.--Denkschriften Akad. München, VI. 1820, p. 59 23. 3. 31.
Theodori.--Notiz für Nat. u. Heilk. 1830, No. 623, p. 101. 24. 2. 28.
Bericht des naturforschenden Vereins in Bamberg, 1852, p. 17.
Wagler.--System der Amphibien, 1830, p. 61, figs. 1, 2.
Wagner (A.).--Abhandl. Bayerischen Akad.,
II. 1837, p. 163, pl. 23. 3. 41.
VI. Part 1, 1851, p. 129, pl. 5, 6;
Part 3, 1852, p. 690, pl. 19 23. 3. 45.
VIII. Part 2, 1858, p. 439, pl. 15-17 23. 3. 61.
[Footnote 1: May be consulted on application to the Librarian.]
[Footnote 2: Good figure.]
_Chief English Writings on Ornithosaurians._
J. S. Bowekbank.--Quart. Jour. Geol. Soc. 1846, p. 7. VII. 3. 42.
Quart Jour. Geol. Soc. 1848, p. 2. VII. 3. 44.
Proc. Zool. Soc. 1851, p. 14. XVIII. 18. 3.
W. Buckland.--Geol. Trans. Ser. 2, Vol. III. p. 217. XIII. 2. 8.
Geology and Mineralogy, Vol. I. p. 221, Vol. II. p. 31, pl. 21, 22.
_Zz_. 34. 10.
T. H. Huxley.--Quart. Jour. Geol. Soc. 1859, p. 658. VII. 3. 35.
Introduction to Classification of Animals, 1869, p. 110 B. 41. 70.
Proc. Zool. Soc. 1867, p. 417. XVIII. 18. 19.
G. A. Mantell.--Geol. Trans. Ser. 2, Vol. V. p. 170. XIII. 2. 10.
Quart. Jour. Geol. Soc. Vol. II. p. 104. VII. 3. 42.
R. Owen.- Geol. Trans. Ser. 2, Vol. VI. 1840, p. 411. XIII. 2. 12.
Brit. Assoc. Reports, 1841, p. 156. II. 6. 10.
Quart. Jour. Geol. Soc. Vol. II. p. 96. VII. 3. 42.
British Fossil Mammals and Birds, 1846, p. 545. IX. 5. 15.
Odontography, Vol. I. p. 273. IX. 10. 23.
Dixon's Geology of Sussex, 1850, p. 401. VII. 1. 5.
Palæont. Soc. Monograph, Owen, 1851, p. 80. XVIII. 14. 17.
Proc. Zool. Soc. 1851, p. 21. XVIII. 18. 3.
British Assoc. Reports, 1858, p. 97, sec. II. 6. 27.
Philosophical Trans. Royal Soc, 1859, Vol. 149, p. 161. 15. 3. 61.
Palæontographical Soc. Monograph, 1859. XVIII. 14.
1860. XVIII. 14. 9.
Palæontology, p. 244. B. 46. 29.
Anat. Vertebrates, Vol. I. pp. 6, 18, 161, 175, 192, Vol. II.
p. 13. IX. 11. 22.
H. G. Seeley.--British Assoc. Reports, 1864, p. 69, sec. II. 6. 33.
Annals of Natural History, 1865, Vol. XV. p. 148. XIII. 30. 29.
1866, Vol. XVII. p. 321. XIII. 30. 31.
1869, Vol. III. p. 465. XIII. 30. 37.
Index to Aves Ornithosauria and Reptilia, p. 4, p. 89. VII. 6. 71.
INDEX.
Affinities, 24, 94
Albatross, 31
Alisphenoid, 81
Appendix, 129
Archæopteryx, 8
Aspect, 105
Astylica, 97
Atlas and axis, 64
Avian carpus, 52
Basi-occipital bone, 78
Basi-sphenoid, 80
Bat, 31, 105
Birds, 52
Blainville, 97
Body, 108
Bonaparte, 109
Brain, 25
Brain-cavity, 87
Buckland, 60
Burmeister, 17
Cambridge upper Greensand, 2
Camel, 47
Carp, 79
Carpus, 48
Carruthers (Mr), 106
Caudal vertebræ, 75
Cerebral lobes, 87
Cervical vertebræ, 65
Cetaceans, 30
Chameleon, 31, 34, 37, 41, 47, 72
Chelydra, 61
Chrysochloris, 42, 47
Ciconia marabou, 86
Circulation, 100
Classification, 108
Claw phalange, 59
Cod, 79
Coracoid, 32
Cranium, 80
Crocodile, 31, 35, 37, 41, 47, 63, 69, 83, 93, 95, 97
Cuvier, 7, 92
Cycnorhamphus, 111
Delphinidæ, 83
Dentary bone, 92
Dicynodonts, 61
Dimensions, 103
Dimorphodon, 112, 60
Dinornis, 67
Dinosaurs, 99, 61
Dipnoal reptiles, 99
Dorsal vertebræ, 69
Echidna, 61
?Eggs, 106
Epipubic bones (see prepubic bones)
Evidence that Pterodactyles were Reptiles, 5
Facial bones, 91
Families, 110
Femur, 62
Fibula, 63, 22
Food, 105
Fore-arm, 48
Gallus domesticus, 90, 82, 34
Genera, 111
German Pterodactyles, 106
Goldfuss, 11, 63
Goose, 92
Grouping of reptiles, 97
Gypogeranus serpentarius, 42
Habits, 104
Hand, 53
Hare, 87
Head 18, 77, 106
History, 3
Horse, 41
How the meaning of the word reptile is lost, 98
Humerus, 38
Huxley (Prof), 86, 116
Ichthyosaurus, 34, 37
Iguana, 41, 47, 69, 82
Ilium, 60
Ischium, 60
Jerboa, 64
Kangaroo, 55, 69
Ligamentum teres, 62
Lower jaw, 91
Llama, 77, 69
Malar bone, 107
Mammalian Affinities, 31, 34, 87, 41, 42, 61, 62, 69, 75, 79, 83,
86, 94, 105
Manubrium, 29
Marsupial bones, 61, 110
Materials, 1
Mergus merganser, 31
Metacarpus, 53
Metatarsus, 63
Meyer (H. von), 17, 109
Mole, 30, 37
Monimostylica, 97
Monitor, 41, 47, 69, 72, 86
Monotremata, 34
Mould of Brain-cavity, 87
Objections to Prof. Owen's grouping, 99
Occipital bones, 81
Oken, 10
Optic lobes, 84
Orbito-ethmo-sphenoid bone, 85
Orbits, 107
Organization, 7
Ornithocephalus, 111
Ornithocheirus, 112
Ornithorhynchus, 88
Ornithosauria, 27
Ossemens fossiles, 7
Ostrich, 52, 58, 86
Owen (Prof. R.), 3, 29, 32, 36, 48, 54, 56, 64, 66, 69, 75, 78, 88,
91, 92, 98, 108, 115
Pachyrhamphus, 111
Parrot, 87
Palæontology, 109
Parietal bones, 81
Parker (Mr W. K.), 79
Pectoral girdle, 28
Pelvis, 59
Penguin, 8, 69
Petrosal, 82
Phalange, 56
Plan of organisation, 25
Pneumatic cavities, 23, 26, 100
Porpoise, 86
Post frontal, 107
Premaxillary bones, 91, 107
Prepubic bones (prepubic), 61, 110, 111
Pterodactyle's place in nature, 102
Pterodactylus, 111
Pteroid bone, 48
Pterosauria, 99, 108
?Pterygoid end of palatine bone, 91
Quadrate bone, 89, 107
Quadrato-jugal, 90
Quenstedt, 17, 21
Radius, 42
Reptilia, 94
Respiration, 26, 100
Restoration, 103
Rhamphorhynchus, 111
Ribs, 108
Roc, 5
Sacrum, 73
Scapula, 35
Scink, 41, 72
Second phalange, 57
Sömmerring, 10
Species, 112
Squamosal bone, 81
Stannius, 97
Sternum, 28
Streptostylica, 97
Struthious birds, 31, 72
Tarso-metatarsus, 63
Teeth, 92
Tibia, 62
Ulna, 43
Vertebral column, 64
?Vomer, 88
Wagler, 11
Wagner, 14
Walker (Mr J. F.), 87
Walking, 105
Walrus, 79
Wing-finger, 66
THE END.
Cambridge:[** Old Eng]
PRINTED BY C. J. CLAY, M.A. AT THE UNIVERSITY PRESS.
PLATE I.[AB]
Sternum and Scapula.
Fig. 1. Fore-part of sternum showing the ovate synovial facet
for the coracoid. =J=._a_.1, p. 28.
------------------
2. Outside of the proximal end of a right scapula.
Largest specimen. =J=._a_.3, no. 2, p. 35.
3. Outside of greater portion of a left scapula. =J=._a_.3, no. 13.
4. Inner side of a small right scapula. =J=._a_.3, no. 12.
5. Outside of proximal end of a right scapula. =J=._a_.3, no. 3.
6. Surface of =J=._a_.3, no. 3. articulating with humerus.
7. Outside of distal end of a scapula. =J=._a_.4, no. 1.
8. View of the distal termination of a scapula.
9. View of proximal end of left scapula looking from the distal
toward the articular end. =J=._a_.3, no. 17.
10. Proximal end of right scapula where united with coracoid,
looking at the scapula from the articulation.
=J=._c4_.18.6. Compare fig. 6.
11. Inner surface of same specimen showing the pneumatic
foramen at the union of scapula and coracoid.
12. Outer view of the same specimen.
[Footnote AB: For the Lithographic details of plates 1 to 3, the author
is not answerable. Accidents happened to these plates in the printing,
and they were replaced without his knowledge by good copies; which
however have sometimes deprived the bones of their characters.]
SCAPULA
Pl. 1.
[Illustration]
PLATE II.
Coracoid and Radius.
Fig. 1. Outer side view of left coracoid. =J=._c3_.16.5, p. 32.
2. Back view of the same specimen showing the surface
which unites with the scapula.
3. Outer side view of perfect right coracoid. =J=._c4_.18. 5.
Near the figure 3 is the pneumatic notch.
4. View of the proximal articular surface of a right coracoid.
=J=._a_.2, no. 23.
5. Inner view of distal end of left coracoid. =J=._a_.2, no. 18.
6. The distal articulation of the same specimen.
------------------
7. Fragment of proximal end of radius 4/5 nat. size. =J=._a_.11,
no. 7, p. 46.
8. Proximal end of radius. =J=._a_.11, no. 1.
9. Proximal articular surface of radius from the same
specimen.
CORACOID AND RADIUS
Pl. 2.
[Illustration]
PLATE III.
Radius and Ulna.
Fig. 1. Inner view of distal end of right radius. =J=._a_.10, no. 2,
p. 44.
2. Outer view of distal end of right radius. =J=._a_.10, no. 3.
3. Distal articulation of right radius. =J=._a_.10, no. 6.
------------------
4. Inner view of proximal end of ulna with olecranon
anchylosed, p. 45.
5. Side view of the same specimen. =J=._a_.9, no. 1.
6. Proximal end of ulna from which the olecranon has come
away. =J=._a_.9, no. 5.
7. Proximal articular surface of same specimen.
8. Proximal articular sur&ce of ulna. =J=._a_.9, no. 4.
9. Proximal articular end of ulna from which the olecranon
has come away.
------------------
10. Distal end of right ulna. =J=._a_.13, no. 5, p. 43.
11. Distal articulation of the same specimen.
12. Distal end of left ulna. =J=._a_.12, no. 3.
13. Distal articulation of the same specimen.
RADIUS AND ULNA
Pl. 3.
[Illustration]
PLATE IV.
Humerus.
Fig. 1. A nearly perfect right humerus, from Ashwell. =J=._a_.6,
no. 30, p. 38.
2. Same specimen seen from the proximal end, so as to display
the distal end, twisted at right angles with the radial
crest. The pneumatic foramen is on the anterior and
radial side.
3. Proximal end of left humerus showing the radial crest
perfect. =J=._a_.6. 25.
4. Articular surface of same specimen showing the termination
of the radial crest.
5. Posterior aspect of proximal end of right humerus. The
pneumatic foramen is on the posterior and ulnar side.
6. Proximal articular surface of left humerus. =J=._a_.6, no. 2.
7. Distal end of right humerus. =J=._a_.6, no. 29.
8. Distal articulation of left humerus. =J=._a_.6, no. 45.
9. Distal end of same specimen.
10. Distal end of left humerus. =J=._a_.6.20.
11. Distal end of right humerus. =J=._a_.6.46.
12. Distal end of left humerus. =J=._a_.6.34.
13. Distal end of left humerus from a specimen lent by
J. B. Lee, Esq.
14. Distal end of left humerus. =J=._a_.6.35.
HUMERUS
Pl. 4.
[Illustration]
PLATE V.
Carpal Bones.
Fig. 1. Distal surface of right proximal carpal bone, p. 48.
2. Same specimen seen from outer end, showing the large
unarticular surface, above is a part of the distal
articulation. =J=._b_.1, no. 1. (figured upside down).
3. Proximal articular surface of right proximal carpal bone.
=J=._b_.1, no. 7. The right upper part is for the radius,
the left lower part for the ulna.
4. View of same specimen (upside down) from the ulnar side.
5. View of same specimen from the radial side.
------------------
6. Portion of distal articular surface of a right distal carpal
bone. =J=._b_.3, no. 23, 4/5 nat. size, p. 50.
7. Front radial side of right distal carpal. =J=._b_.3.24.
8. Back ulnar side of the same specimen.
9. Proximal articular surface of the same distal carpal.
10. Distal articular surface of the same distal carpal.
11. View of the proximal articular surface of the same
distal carpal, seen from the inside.
12. Perfect element of left distal carpal bone showing the
distal carpal bone to be composite.
13. Distal surface of a right distal carpal of another genus.
=J=._b_.3, no. 20.
------------------
14. Lateral carpal or pisiform bone, seen from the inside, the
distal articular talon partly broken. =J=._b_.4, no. 2.
15. Lateral carpal seen from the outside. =J=._b_.4.9.
16. Same bone showing the distal articulation, p. 51.
17. Lateral carpal bone of a different genus, seen from the
inside.
CARPAL BONES
Pl. 5.
[Illustration]
PLATE VI.
Wing Metacarpal Bone, &c.
Fig. 1. Fragment of the proximal end of a large wing-metacarpal
bone. =J=._b_.5, no. 9. It is figured upside down,
a part of the surface articulating with the distal carpal
bone being over the fig. 1, p. 53.
2. Aspect of the proximal articular sur&.ce of the wing-metacarpal
bone. =J=._b_.5, no. 3.
3. Exterior aspect of the same specimen.
4. Inner aspect of another proximal end. =J=._b_.5, no. 4.
5. The greater part of a small wing-metacarpal bone.
=J=._b_.5, no. 1. Imperfect at the distal end.
6. Distal end of a wing-metacarpal bone. =J=._b_.5, no. 31.
7. Front aspect of the same specimen.
------------------
8. Distal end of metatarsal bone or of a metacarpal bone
of a small finger. =J=._b_.8, no. 1.
9. Lateral aspect of a similar bone. =J=._b_.8, no. 2.
------------------
10. Outline of the imperfect distal termination of a bone
regarded as left metatarsus of an Ornithosaurian.
=J=._b_.13, p. 63.
11. Front aspect of the same specimen.
------------------
12. Articular aspect of proximal end of first phalange of the
wing-finger, from which the terminal epiphysis has
come away. =J=._b_.6, no. 10.
13. Diagram outline of the same specimen, p. 56.
WING-METACARPAL BONE, &c.
Pl. 6.
[Illustration]
PLATE VII.
Wing Finger.
Fig. 1. Exterior aspect of proximal end of first phalange of the
wing-finger. =J=._c3_.16.12, p. 56.
2. Inner aspect of proximal end of a small wing-metacarpal
bone which has lost its proximal epiphysis; it shows
the notch for the pneumatic foramen. =J=._c1_.8.8.
3. Fragment of the proximal end of a large wing-metacarpal
bone, showing near the fig. 3 part of the articular
surface. =J=._c3_.15. 10.
4. Distal end of 1 first phalange of the wing-finger.
=J=._c6_.31. 7, no. 1.
5. Distal articular surface of a first phalange.
6. Distal end of a first phalange. =J=._b_.6, no. 4.
------------------
7. Proximal end of the second phalange of the wing-finger.
=J=._c2_.12.12, p. 57.
8. Proximal end of a small second phalange. =J=._b_.7, no. 7.
9. Proximal end of a large second phalange. =J=._b_.7, no. 4.
------------------
10. Side view of distal end of right femur. =J=._b_.11, no. 11,
p. 62.
WING FINGER
Pl. 7.
[Illustration]
PLATE VIII.
Pelvis, Femur, Tibia, &c.
Fig. 1. Fragment of a large right os innominatum. The faint
T-shaped lines in the acetabulum indicate the limits
of the three component pelvic bones; fig. 1 is placed
at the posterior border of the ischium. =J=._b_.10, no. 1.
2. Imperfect right os innominatum, with the anterior
and posterior wings of the ilium broken away.
=J=._b_.10, no. 4, p. 69.
3. Imperfect left os innominatum showing the small obturator
foramen which divides the pubis from the
ischium. On the anterior border of the pubis is seen a
depression, which may have given attachment to the
prepubic bone. =J=._b_.10, no. 3.
4. Visceral aspect of an imperfect right ischium. =J=._c4_.20.2.
------------------
5. Exterior side aspect of a right femur. =J=._c2_.11. 20.
6. Front aspect of the same specimen, p. 62.
7. Posterior aspect of proximal end of right femur of a
different genus, showing a pit for the obturator
muscle. =J=._b_.11, no. 1.
8. Front aspect of the same specimen.
9. Outline of the proximal articular end; the obturator pit
is darkened.
10. Posterior aspect of distal end of right femur. =J=._b_.11,
no. 20.
11. Outline of the distal articular end of the same specimen.
12. Distal end of a large right femur. =J=._b_.11, no. 12.
------------------
13. Proximal end of tibia (? front aspect). =J=._b_.12, no. 8.
14. Another view of the same specimen, p. 62.
15. Outline of the articular aspect of the same tibia. The
non-articular part is shaded.
------------------
16. Claw phalange. =J=._c1_.2.5, p. 69.
17. Claw phalange. =J=._c_.9, no. 4.
PELVIS, FEMUR, TIBIA, &c.
Pl. 8.
[Illustration]
PLATE IX.
Neck Vertebræ.
Fig. 1. Anterior aspect of an axis to which the atlas was not
anchylosed. =J=._c3_.15. 2, p. 64.
2. Anchylosed atlas and axis seen from the base of the
vertebra. =J=._c_.1, no. 8.
3. Anchylosed atlas and axis seen from above. =J=._c_.1,
no. 14.
4. Atlas, neural arch imperfect. =J=._c_.1, no. 10.
5. Anchylosed atlas and axis seen from the side, the neural
arch of the atlas is wanting. The light space in the
centrum of the axis is the pneumatic foramen. =J=._c_.1,
no. 14.
------------------
6. Large cervical vertebra seen from below. =J=._c_.2, no. 42,
p. 65.
7. Small cervical vertebra seen from below. =J=._c_.2, no. 43.
8. Cervical vertebra seen from behind. =J=._c_.2, no. 5.
9. Cervical vertebra seen from above. =J=._c_.2, no. 23.
10. Cervical vertebra seen from the left side. =J=._c6_.27.1,
no. 4.
11. Cervical vertebra of another genus seen from the left
side. =J=._c_.2, no. 13.
12. Base of the centrum of the last true cervical vertebra.
=J=._c_.2, no. 40.
13. Right side of cervical vertebra. =J=._c_.2, no. 7.
NECK VERTEBRÆ
Pl. 9.
[Illustration]
PLATE X.
Back and Tail Vertebræ.
Fig. 1. Centrum of a vertebra from the region between the neck
and the back, called pectoral. =J=._c_.3, no. 19, p. 69.
2. Dorsal vertebra seen from below. =J=._c2_.12.3, no. 2.
3. The same specimen seen from behind.
4. Right side view of a dorsal vertebra showing the neural
spine nearly perfect. =J=._c_.3, no. 20.
5. The same specimen seen from behind.
6. Right side of dorsal vertebra showing anterior and posterior
zygapophyses. The neural spine broken.
7. Front view of the same specimen. The centrum is seen
to form but a small part of the anterior articular
surface.
------------------
8. Bight side of a sacral vertebra =J=._c_.4, no. 1, p. 73.
9. Front aspect of the same specimen. The neural arch
forms part of the intervertebral articulation with the
centrum.
10. Side view of the anterior part of a sacrum, presented by
H. C. Raban Esq. =J=._c_.4, no. 3.
11. The same specimen seen from below.
12. Inferior aspect of posterior part of sacrum of a different
genus. =J=._c_.4, no. 2.
------------------
13. Large caudal vertebra seen from above. =J=._c_.5, no. 9.
14. The same specimen seen from beneath, p. 75.
15. Left side of the same specimen.
16. Anterior articulation of the same specimen.
17. Posterior aspect of the same specimen.
BACK & TAIL VERTEBRÆ
Pl. 10.
[Illustration]
PLATE XI.
Cranium.
Fig. 1. Occipital aspect of the skull of a Pterosaurian. =J=._c_.8,
no. 2, p. 84.
2. Anterior aspect of the same skull, showing a transverse
section of the brain cavity fractured through the
parietal bones. At its base on each side are seen the
optic lobes.
3. Anterior aspect of a Pterodactyle skull of a different
genus. =J=._c_.8, no. 1. The frontal bones have come
away from the parietal at the suture, p. 80.
4. Superior aspect of the same specimen looking upon the
parietal, supra-occipital, and ex-occipital bones.
5. Occipital aspect of the same specimen, showing the
foramen magnum, the absence of the basi-occipital
bone, and the basi-sphenoid mass.
6. Side view of the same specimen, showing below the
girdling occipital crest the excavation for the quadrate
bone's articulation with the skull, and the forward
prolongation of the basi-sphenoid mass.
7. Palatal aspect of the basi-sphenoid bone. =J=._c_.9. To be
compared with the small triangular mass in fig. 5, p. 85.
8. Side view of the ethmo-sphenoid mass, =J=._c_.9, showing the
lateral boundary of the front of the cerebral hemispheres,
p. 85.
9. Posterior aspect of the same specimen, showing parts of
the cups which covered the anterior termination of
the cerebral lobes.
10. Anterior view of the cerebral lobes in a natural mould
of the brain, in the collection of J. F. Walker, Esq.
It may be compared with figs. 2. and 9, p. 87.
11. Superior aspect of a natural mould of the brain, showing
the outline of the cerebral lobes, and the cerebellum
between them behind. Portions of bone in the temporal
region are left attached, p. 87.
12. Side view of the same specimen; one cerebral lobe is
seen behind the other. The anterior termination of
this figure may be compared with the posterior outline
of fig. 8.
13. Side view of basi-occipital bone, p. 78.
14. Palatal aspect of quadrate bone, showing the articulation
for the lower jaw, and the thin quadrato-jugal attached
to its outside, p. 89.
15. Exterior aspect of quadrato-jugal and quadrate bones.
Above the articulation in German specimens is the
outline of the orbit of the eye.
16. Anterior aspect of the distal end of a left quadrate bone.
17. Posterior aspect of the same specimen, showing the
wing for the pterygoid articulation.
CRANIUM
Pl. 11.
[Illustration]
PLATE XII.
Facial Bones and Lower Jaw.
Fig. 1. Side view of the dentary bone of Ornithocheirus
machærorhynchus, showing its posterior attenuation
towards the palate. =J=._c6_.33.1, p. 113.
2. Superior aspect of the same specimen, showing the
palatal groove and tooth sockets.
3. Articular end of left ramus of mandible, =J=._4_, showing
its posterior termination, p. 91.
4. Articular end of left ramus of mandible, =J=._c6_.32. 2,
fractured through the articulation.
5. Side view of anterior part of dentary bone of Ornithocheirus
Cuvieri ? =J=._c_.15, p. 113.
6. Side view of anterior part of premaxillary bone of
Ornithocheirus microdon, fractured at both ends.
=J=._c_.29, p. 116.
7. Palatal aspect of the same specimen, showing the palatal
ridge and tooth sockets.
8. Palatal aspect of anterior part of premaxillary bone of
Ornithocheirus denticulatus. =J=._c5_.28.1, p. 122.
9. Side view of the same specimen.
10. Tooth, showing absorption by the successional tooth,
on the inner side of the fang. =J=._c_.27, no. 10, p. 92.
11. Tooth. =J=._c1_.1.4.
12. Fang of a large tooth. =J=._c_.27, no. 34.
13. Undetermined [? pterygoid end of palatine bone].
=J=._c1_.2.7, p. 91.
14. Other side of same specimen.
15. 1 Vomer, side view. =J=._c_.10, no. 2, p. 88.
16. 1 Palatal view of the same specimen.
17. Pelvis with a bone attached like the middle part of
=J=._c_.10, no. 2. ?Neural arch of sacral vertebra.
FACIAL BONES AND MANDIBLE
Pl. 12.
[Illustration]
* * * * *
Transcriber Notes