David had six wives, including Michal, the daughter of Saul, who is
called by the pet name Eglah, "Calfkin," in the list given in the Bible
narrative. (131) Michal was of entrancing beauty, (132) and at the same
time the model of a loving wife. Not only did she save David out of the
hands of her father, but also, when Saul, as her father and her king,
commanded her to marry another man, she acquiesced only apparently. She
entered into a mock marriage in order not to arouse the anger of Saul,
who had annulled her union with David on grounds which he thought
legal. Michal was good as well as beautiful; she showed such
extraordinary kindness to the orphan children of her sister Merab that
the Bible speaks of the five sons of Michal "whom she bore to Adriel."
Adriel, however, was her brother-in-law and not her husband, but she
had raised his children, treating them as though they were her own.
(133) Michal was no less a model of piety. Although the law exempted
her, as a woman, from the duty, still she executed the commandment of
using phylacteries. (134) In spite of all these virtues, she was
severely punished by God for her scorn of David, whom she reproached
with lack of dignity, when he had in mind only to do honor to God. Long
she remained childless, and at last, when she was blessed with a child,
she lost her own life in giving birth to it. (135)
But the most important among the wives of David was Abigail, in whom
beauty, wisdom, and prophetical gifts were joined. With Sarah, Rahab,
and Esther, she forms the quartet of the most beautiful women in
history. She was so bewitching that passion was aroused in men by the
mere thought of her. (136) Her cleverness showed itself during her
first meeting with David, when, though anxious about the life of her
husband Nabal, she still, with the utmost tranquility, put a ritual
question to him in his rage. He refused to answer it, because, he said,
it was a question to be investigated by day, not by night. Thereupon
Abigail interposed, that sentence of death likewise may be passed upon
a man only during the day. Even if David's judgment were right, the law
required him to wait until daybreak to execute it upon Nabal. David's
objection, that a rebel like Nabal had no claim upon due process of
law, she overruled with the words: "Saul is still alive, and thou art
not yet acknowledged king by the world."
Her charm would have made David her captive on this occasion, if her
moral strength had not kept him in check. By means of the expression,
"And this shall not be unto thee," she made him understand that the day
had not yet arrived, but that it would come, when a woman, Bath-sheba,
would play a disastrous part in his life. Thus she manifested her gift
of prophecy.
Not even Abigail was free from the feminine weakness of coquetry. The
words "remember thine handmaid" should never have been uttered by her.
As a married woman, she should not have sought to direct the attention
of a man to herself. (137) In the women's Paradise she supervises the
fifth of the seven divisions into which it is divided, and her domain
adjoins that of the wives of the Patriarchs, Sarah, Rebekah, Rachel,
and Leah. (138)
Among the sons of David, Adonijah, the son of Haggith, must be
mentioned particularly, the pretender to the throne. The fifty men whom
he prepared to run before him had fitted themselves for the place of
heralds by cutting out their spleen and the flesh of the soles of their
feet. That Adonijah was not designated for the royal dignity, was made
manifest by the fact that the crown of David did not fit him. This
crown had the remarkable peculiarity of always fitting the legitimate
king of the house of David. (139)
Chileab was a son worthy of his mother Abigail. The meaning of his name
is "like the father," which had been given him because of his striking
resemblance to David in appearance, a circumstance that silenced the
talk against David's all too hasty marriage with the widow of Nabal.
(140) Intellectually, too, Chileab testified to David's paternity. In
fact, he excelled his father in learning, as he did even the teacher of
David, Mephibosheth, the son of Jonathan. (141) On account of his piety
he is one of the few who have entered Paradise alive. (142)
Tamar cannot be called one of the children of David, because she was
born before her mother's conversion to Judaism. Consequently, her
relation to Amnon is not quite of the grave nature it would have been,
had they been sister and brother in the strict sense of the terms.
To the immediate household of David belonged four hundred young
squires, the sons of women taken captive in battle. They wore their
hair in heathen fashion, and, sitting in golden chariots, they formed
the vanguard of the army, and terrified the enemy by their appearance.
(143)