ADDRESS OPENING THE CENTRAL AMERICAN PEACE CONFERENCE, DECEMBER 13, 1907

Usage devolves upon me as the head of the Foreign Office of the country

in which you are assembled to call this meeting together; to call it to

order and to preside during the formation of your organization. I wish

to express to you, at the outset, the high appreciation of the

Government of the United States of the compliment you pay to us in

selecting the city of Washington as the field of your labors in behalf

of the rule of peace and order and brotherhood among the peoples of

Central America. It is most gratifying to the people of the United

States that you should feel that you will find here an atmosphere

favorable to the development of the ideas of peace and unity, of

progress and mutual helpfulness, in place of war and revolution and the

retardation of the principles of liberty and justice.

So far as a sincere and friendly desire for success in your labors may

furnish a favorable atmosphere, you certainly will have it here. The

people of the United States are sincere believers in the principles that

you are seeking to apply to the conduct of your international affairs in

Central America. They sincerely desire the triumph and the control of

the principles of liberty and order everywhere in the world. They

especially desire that the blessings which follow the control of those

principles may be enjoyed by all the people of our sister republics on

the western hemisphere, and we further believe that it will be, from the

most selfish point of view, for our interests to have peaceful,

prosperous, and progressive republics in Central America.

The people of the United Mexican States and of the United States of

America are now enjoying great benefits from the mutual interchange of

commerce and friendly intercourse between the two countries of Mexico

and the United States. Prosperity, the increase of wealth, the success

of enterprise--all the results that come from the intelligent use of

wealth--are being enjoyed by the people of both countries, through the

friendly intercourse that utilizes for the people of each country the

prosperity of the other. We in the United States should be most happy if

the states of Central America might move with greater rapidity along the

pathway of such prosperity, of such progress; to the end that we may

share, through commerce and friendly intercourse, in your new

prosperity, and aid you by our prosperity.

We cannot fail, gentlemen, to be admonished by the many failures which

have been made by the people of Central America to establish agreement

among themselves which would be lasting, that the task you have before

you is no easy one. The trial has often been made and the agreements

which have been elaborated, signed, ratified, seem to have been written

in water. Yet I cannot resist the impression that we have at last come

to the threshold of a happier day for Central America. Time is necessary

to political development. I have great confidence in the judgment that

in the long course of time, through successive steps of failure, through

the accompanying education of your people, through the encouraging

examples which now, more than ever before, surround you, success will be

attained in securing unity and progress in other countries of the new

hemisphere. Through the combination of all these, you are at a point in

your history where it is possible for you to take a forward step that

will remain.

It would ill become me to attempt to propose or suggest the steps which

you should take; but I will venture to observe that the all-important

thing for you to accomplish is that while you enter into agreements

which will, I am sure, be framed in consonance with the most peaceful

aspirations and the most rigid sense of justice, you shall devise also

some practical methods under which it will be possible to secure the

performance of those agreements. The mere declaration of general

principles, the mere agreement upon lines of policy and of conduct, are

of little value unless there be practical and definite methods provided

by which the responsibility for failing to keep the agreement may be

fixed upon some definite person, and the public sentiment of Central

America brought to bear to prevent the violation. The declaration that a

man is entitled to his liberty would be of little value with us in this

country, were it not for the writ of habeas corpus that makes it the

duty of a specific judge, when applied to, to inquire into the cause of

a man's detention, and set him at liberty if he is unjustly detained.

The provision which declares that a man should not be deprived of his

property without due process of law would be of little value were it not

for the practical provision which imposes on specific officers the duty

of nullifying every attempt to take away a man's property without due

process of law.

To find practical definite methods by which you shall make it somebody's

duty to see that the great principles you declare are not violated, by

which if an attempt be made to violate them the responsibility may be

fixed upon the guilty individual--those, in my judgment, are the

problems to which you should specifically and most earnestly address

yourselves.

I have confidence in your success because I have confidence in your

sincerity of purpose, and because I believe that your people have

developed to the point where they are ready to receive and to utilize

such results as you may work out. Why should you not live in peace and

harmony? You are one people in fact; your citizenship is

interchangeable--your race, your religion, your customs, your laws, your

lineage, your consanguinity and relations, your social connections, your

sympathies, your aspirations, and your hopes for the future are the

same.

It can be nothing but the ambition of individuals who care more for

their selfish purposes than for the good of their country, that can

prevent the people of the Central American states from living together

in peace and unity.

It is my most earnest hope, it is the hope of the American Government

and people, that from this conference may come the specific and

practical measures which will enable the people of Central America to

march on with equal step abreast of the most progressive nations of

modern civilization; to fulfill their great destinies in that

brotherhood which nature has intended them to preserve; to exile forever

from that land of beauty and of wealth incalculable the fraternal strife

which has hitherto held you back in the development of your

civilization.

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