R = R(2,0) + R(1,1) + R(0,2), ... (9)

where R(2,0) is a homogeneous quadratic function of q`1, q`2, ...

q`_m, R(0,2) is a homogeneous quadratic function of [kappa], [kappa]',

[kappa]", ..., whilst R(1,1) consists of products of the velocities

q`1, q`2, ... q`_m into the momenta [kappa], [kappa]', [kappa]"....

Hence from (3) and (7) we have

/ dPR dPR dPR \

[Tau] = R - ( [kappa] --------- + [kappa]'---------- + [kappa]" ---------- + ...)

\ dP[kappa] dP[kappa]' dP[kappa]" /

= R(2,0) - R(0,2). (10)

Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, "Dyer, Sir Edward" to "Echidna" Volume 8, Slice 9 · 第 36 / 84 题