2[Tau] = p1q`1 + p2q`2 + ... (15)

This follows independently from (14), assuming the special variations

[delta]x = x`dt, &c., and therefore [delta]q1 = q`1dt, [delta]q2 =

q`2dt, ...

Reciprocal theorems.

Again, if the values of the velocities and the momenta in any other

motion of the system through the same configuration be distinguished

by accents, we have the identity

p1q`'1 + p2q`'2 + ... = p'1q`1 + p'2q`2 + ..., (16)

each side being equal to the symmetrical expression

Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, "Dyer, Sir Edward" to "Echidna" Volume 8, Slice 9 · 第 7 / 84 题