DEATH OF CLARENCE (1478).

=Source.=--Ingulph's _Chronicles_, pp. 479, 480. (Bohn Edition.)

Now each began to look upon the other with no very fraternal eyes. You

might then have seen (as such men are generally to be found in the

courts of all princes) flatterers running to and fro, from the one side

to the other, and carrying backwards and forwards the words which had

fallen from the two brothers, even if they had happened to be spoken

in the most secret closet. The arrest of the duke for the purpose of

compelling him to answer the charges brought against him happened under

the following circumstances. One Master John Stacy, a person who was

called an astronomer, when in reality he was rather a great sorcerer,

formed a plot in conjunction with one Burdet, an esquire, and one of

the said duke's household; upon which he was accused, among numerous

other charges, of having made leaden images and other things to procure

thereby the death of Richard, Lord Beauchamp, at the request of his

adulterous wife. Upon being questioned in a very severe examination as

to his practice of damnable arts of this nature, he made confession

of many matters, which told both against himself and the said Thomas

Burdet. The consequence was, that Thomas was arrested as well; and at

last, judgment of death was pronounced upon them both, at Westminster,

from the Bench of our lord the king, the judges being there seated,

together with nearly all the lords temporal of the kingdom. Being drawn

to the gallows at Tyburn, they were permitted briefly to say what they

thought fit before being put to death; upon which, they protested their

innocence, Stacy indeed but faintly; while, on the other hand, Burdet

spoke at great length, and with much spirit, and as his last words

exclaimed with Susanna, "Behold! I must die; whereas I never did such

things as these."

On the following day, the Duke of Clarence came to the council-chamber

at Westminster, bringing with him a famous Doctor of the Order of

Minorites, Master William Goddard by name, in order that he might read

the confession and declaration of innocence above-mentioned before the

lords in the said council assembled; which he accordingly did, and

then withdrew. The king was then at Windsor, but when he was informed

of this circumstance, he was greatly displeased thereat, and recalling

to mind the information formerly laid against his brother, and which

he had long kept treasured up in his breast, he summoned the duke to

appear on a certain day in the royal palace of Westminster: upon which,

in presence of the Mayor and aldermen of the city of London, the king

began, with his own lips, amongst other matters, to inveigh against

the conduct of the before-named duke, as being derogatory to the laws

of the realm, and most dangerous to judges and jurors throughout the

kingdom. But why enlarge? The duke was placed in custody, and from that

day up to the time of his death never was known to have regained his

liberty.

The circumstances that happened in the ensuing Parliament my mind

shudders to enlarge upon, for then was to be witnessed a sad strife

carried on before these two brethren of such high estate. For not a

single person uttered a word against the duke except the King; not one

individual made answer to the King except the duke. Some parties were

introduced, however, as to whom it was greatly doubted by many, whether

they filled the office of accusers rather, or of witnesses; these

two offices not being exactly suited to the same person in the same

cause. The duke met all the charges made against him with a denial, and

offered, if he could only obtain a hearing, to defend his cause with

his own hand. But why delay in using many words? Parliament being of

opinion that the informations which they had heard were established,

passed sentence upon him of condemnation, the same being pronounced by

the mouth of Henry, duke of Buckingham, who was appointed Seneschal

of England for the occasion. After this, execution was delayed for a

considerable time; until the Speaker of the Commons, coming to the

upper house with his fellows, made a fresh request that the matter

might be brought to a conclusion. In consequence of this, in a few days

after, the execution, whatever its nature may have been, took place

(and would that it had ended these troubles!) in the Tower of London,

it being the year of our Lord, 1478, and the eighteenth of the reign of

King Edward.

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