[89] Baudelot de Dairval, _de l'Utilite des Voyages_, ii. 645. There
is a work, by Ficoroni, on these lead _coins_ or _tickets_. They are
found in the cabinets of the curious medallist. Pinkerton, in
referring to this entertaining work, regrets that "such curious
remains have almost escaped the notice of medallists, and have not
yet been arranged in one class, or named. A special work on them
would be highly acceptable." The time has perhaps arrived when
antiquaries may begin to be philosophers, and philosophers
antiquaries! The unhappy separation of erudition from philosophy,
and of philosophy from erudition, has hitherto thrown impediments in
the progress of the human mind and the history of man.
[90] Lect. Mem. i. ad. an. 1300.
[91] Many specimens may be seen in Carter's curious volumes on
"Ancient Architecture and Painting."
[92] The series published during the wars in the Low Countries are
the most remarkable, and may be seen in the volumes by Van Loon.
[93] Mr. Douce possessed a portion of this very curious collection:
for a complete one De Bure asked about twenty pounds.
[94] The Roman satirists also invented a tale to ridicule what they
dared not openly condemn, in which it was asserted that a play
called _The Marriage of the Pope_ was enacted before Cromwell, in
which the Donna having obtained the key of Paradise from Innocent,
insists on that of Purgatory also, that she may not be sent there
when he is wearied of her. "The wedding" is then kept by a ball of
monks and nuns, delighted to think they may one day marry also. Such
was the means the Romans took to notify their sense of the
degradation of the pope.
[95] Warton's "Life of Sir Thomas Pope," p. 58.
[96] This ancient caricature, so descriptive of the popular feelings,
is tolerably given in Malcolm's history of "Caricaturing," plate ii.
fig. 1.
[97] This pack was probably executed in Holland in the time of
Charles the Second. There are other sets of political cards of the
same reign, particularly one connected with the so-called "popish
plots," and the murder of Sir Edmundbury Godfrey. The South-Sea
Bubble was made the subject of a similar pack, after it had
exploded.
[98] The royal house of Navarre was fancifully derived by the old
heraldic writers from Hispalus, the son of Hercules; and the pageant
provided by the citizens of Avignon to greet his entrance there in
1600, was entirely composed in reference thereto, and Henry
indicated in its title, _L'Hercule Gaulois Triumphant_.
[99] He took for a device and motto on his shield on the occasion of
tilting-matches and court festivities, a representation of the sun
in splendour, and the words, _Nec Pluribus Impar_.
[100] The history of this medal is useful in more than one respect;
and may be found in Prosper Marchand.
[101] Another represents the young prince holding the symbol of the
Romish faith in his right hand, and crowning himself with the left;
Truth opens a door below and discovers Father Petre, as the guiding
influence of all.
[102] It represents Cromwell as an armed monster, carrying the three
kingdoms captive at his feet in a triumphal car driven by the devil
over the body of liberty, and the decapitated Charles I. The state
of the people is emblematized by a bird flying from its cage to be
devoured by a hawk; and sheep breaking from the fold to be set on by
ravening wolves.
[103] A passage may be found in Aristotle's Politics, vol. i. c.
3-7; where Aristotle advises Alexander to govern the Greeks like his
_subjects_, and the barbarians like _slaves_; for that the one he
was to consider as companions, and the other as creatures of an
inferior race.
[104] The following may be mentioned as the most important of these
collections:--
"Rome rhymed to Death." 1683.
"A Collection of the newest and most ingenious Poems, Songs,
Catches, &c, against Popery." 1689.
"Poems on Affairs of State." 1703-7.
"Whig and Tory; or, Wit on both sides." 1712.
"Political Merriment; or, Truths told to some Tune." 1714.