_#_Communists: the pro-Communist underground consists of a small
fraction of the Nigerian left; leftist leaders are prominent in the
country's central labor organization but have little influence on the
government
_#_Member of: ACP, AfDB, C, CCC, ECA, ECOWAS, FAO, G-19, G-24, G-77,
GATT, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, IDA, IFAD, IFC, ILO, IMO, IMF, INMARSAT,
INTELSAT, INTERPOL, IOC, ISO, ITU, LORCS, NAM, OAU, OIC, OPEC,
PCA, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNIIMOG, UPU, WCL, WHO, WMO, WTO
_#_Diplomatic representation: Ambassador Hamzat AHMADU; Chancery at
2201 M Street NW, Washington DC 20037; telephone (202) 822-1500;
there are Nigerian Consulates General in Atlanta, New York and San
Francisco;
US--Ambassador Lannon WALKER; Embassy at 2 Eleke Crescent,
Victoria Island, Lagos (mailing address is P. O. Box 554, Lagos);
telephone [234] (1) 610097; there is a US Consulate General in Kaduna
_#_Flag: three equal vertical bands of green (hoist side), white, and
green
_*_Economy
_#_Overview: Although Nigeria is Africa's leading oil-producing
country, it remains poor with a $280 per capita GDP. In 1990, despite
rising oil prices and a sharp drop in inflation, performance remained
slack with continuing underutilization of industrial capacity and a
second year of relatively weak agricultural performance. Agricultural
production was up only 4.2% in 1990, still below the 1987 level.
Industrial output showed a 7.2% increase, but remained below the 1985
level. Government efforts to reduce Nigeria's dependence on oil exports
and to sustain noninflationary growth have fallen short due to inadequate
new investment funds. Living standards continue to deteriorate from the
higher level of the early 1980s oil boom.
_#_GDP: $27.2 billion, per capita $230; real growth rate 2.7%
(1990 est.)
_#_Inflation rate (consumer prices): 16% (1990)
_#_Unemployment rate: NA%
_#_Budget: revenues $8.0 billion; expenditures $8.0 billion, including
capital expenditures of $NA (1990 est.)
_#_Exports: $13.0 billion (f.o.b., 1990 est.);
commodities--oil 95%, cocoa, rubber;
partners--EC 51%, US 32%
_#_Imports: $9.5 billion (c.i.f., 1990 est.);
commodities--consumer goods, capital equipment, chemicals, raw
materials;
partners--EC, US
_#_External debt: $35 billion (December 1990 est.)
_#_Industrial production: growth rate 7.2% (1990 est.); accounts
for 23% of GDP, including petroleum
_#_Electricity: 4,737,000 kW capacity; 11,270 million kWh produced,
100 kWh per capita (1989)
_#_Industries: crude oil and mining--coal, tin, columbite;
primary processing industries--palm oil, peanut, cotton, rubber,
wood, hides and skins; manufacturing industries--textiles,
cement, building materials, food products, footwear, chemical, printing,
ceramics, steel
_#_Agriculture: accounts for 28% of GNP and half of labor force;
inefficient small-scale farming dominates; once a large net exporter of
food and now an importer; cash crops--cocoa, peanuts, palm oil, rubber;
food crops--corn, rice, sorghum, millet, cassava, yams;
livestock--cattle, sheep, goats, pigs; fishing and forestry resources
extensively exploited
_#_Illicit drugs: illicit heroin and some cocaine trafficking;
marijuana cultivation for domestic consumption and export; major transit
country for heroin en route from Southwest Asia via Africa to Western
Europe and the US; growing transit route for cocaine from South America
via West Africa to Western Europe and the US
_#_Economic aid: US commitments, including Ex-Im (FY70-89), $705
million; Western (non-US) countries, ODA and OOF bilateral commitments
(1970-87), $2.5 billion; Communist countries (1970-89), $2.2 billion
_#_Currency: naira (plural--naira); 1 naira (4) = 100 kobo
_#_Exchange rates: naira (4) per US$1--8.707 (December 1990),
8.038 (1990), 7.3647 (1989), 4.5370 (1988), 4.0160 (1987), 1.7545 (1986),
0.8938 (1985)
_#_Fiscal year: calendar year
_*_Communications
_#_Railroads: 3,505 km 1.067-meter gauge
_#_Highways: 107,990 km total 30,019 km paved (mostly
bituminous-surface treatment); 25,411 km laterite, gravel, crushed stone,
improved earth; 52,560 km unimproved
_#_Inland waterways: 8,575 km consisting of Niger and Benue Rivers and
smaller rivers and creeks
_#_Pipelines: 2,042 km crude oil; 500 km natural gas; 3,000 km refined
products
_#_Ports: Lagos, Port Harcourt, Calabar, Warri, Onne, Sapele
_#_Merchant marine: 28 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 420,658
GRT/668,951 DWT; includes 18 cargo, 1 refrigerated cargo, 1
roll-on/roll-off cargo, 6 petroleum, oils, and lubricants (POL) tanker, 1
chemical tanker, 1 bulk
_#_Civil air: 76 major transport aircraft
_#_Airports: 81 total, 68 usable; 32 with permanent-surface runways;
1 with runways over 3,659 m; 14 with runways 2,440-3,659 m;
21 with runways 1,220-2,439 m
_#_Telecommunications: above-average system limited by poor
maintenance; major expansion in progress; radio relay and cable routes;
155,000 telephones; stations--37 AM, 19 FM, 38 TV; 2 Atlantic Ocean
INTELSAT, 1 Indian Ocean INTELSAT, domestic, with 19 stations; 1 coaxial
submarine cable
_*_Defense Forces
_#_Branches: Army, Navy, Air Force, paramilitary Police Force
_#_Manpower availability: males 15-49, 28,070,431; 16,040,870 fit for
military service; 1,302,970 reach military age (18) annually
_#_Defense expenditures: $300 million, 1% of GNP (1990 est.)
_%_
_@_Niue
(free association with New Zealand)
_*_Geography
_#_Total area: 260 km2; land area: 260 km2
_#_Comparative area: slightly less than 1.5 times the size of
Washington, DC
_#_Land boundaries: none
_#_Coastline: 64 km
_#_Maritime claims:
Exclusive economic zone: 200 nm;