_#_Climate: tropical, but generally dry; consistent northeast trade
winds with little seasonal temperature variation
_#_Terrain: mostly flat with a maximum elevation of 4 meters
_#_Natural resources: guano (deposits worked until about 1890)
_#_Land use: arable land 0%; permanent crops 0%; meadows and pastures
0%; forest and woodland 0%; other 100%
_#_Environment: some low-growing vegetation
_#_Note: strategic location 1,328 km west-southwest of Honolulu in
the North Pacific Ocean, about one-third of the way between Hawaii and
the Marshall Islands; Johnston Island and Sand Island are natural
islands; North Island (Akau) and East Island (Hikina) are manmade islands
formed from coral dredging; closed to the public; former nuclear weapons
test site; site of Johnston Atoll Chemical Agent Disposal System
(JACADS)
_*_People
_#_Population: 1,325 (December 1990); all US government personnel and
contractors
_*_Government
_#_Long-form name: none (territory of the US)
_#_Type: unincorporated territory of the US administered by the US
Defense Nuclear Agency (DNA) and managed cooperatively by DNA and the
Fish and Wildlife Service of the US Department of the Interior as part of
the National Wildlife Refuge system
_#_Diplomatic representation: none (territory of the US)
_#_Flag: the flag of the US is used
_*_Economy
_#_Overview: Economic activity is limited to providing services to
US military personnel and contractors located on the island. All
food and manufactured goods must be imported.
_#_Electricity: supplied by the United States Military
_*_Communications
_#_Ports: Johnston Island
_#_Airports: 1 with permanent-surface runway 2,743 m
_#_Telecommunications: excellent system including 60-channel submarine
cable, Autodin/SRT terminal, digital telephone switch, Military
Affiliated Radio System (MARS station), commercial satellite television
system (receive only), and UHF/VHF air-ground radio, marine
VHF/FM Channel 16
_#_Note: US Coast Guard operates a LORAN transmitting station
_*_Defense Forces
_#_Note: defense is the responsibility of the US
_%_
_@_Jordan
(see separate West Bank entry)
_#_Note: The war between Israel and the Arab states in June 1967 ended
with Israel in control of the West Bank. As stated in the 1978 Camp David
Accords and reaffirmed by President Reagan's 1 September 1982 peace
initiative, the final status of the West Bank and Gaza Strip, their
relationship with their neighbors, and a peace treaty between Israel and
Jordan are to be negotiated among the concerned parties. The Camp David
Accords further specify that these negotiations will resolve the location
of the respective boundaries. Pending the completion of this process, it
is US policy that the final status of the West Bank and Gaza Strip has
yet to be determined.
_*_Geography
_#_Total area: 91,880 km2; land area: 91,540 km2
_#_Comparative area: slightly smaller than Indiana
_#_Land boundaries: 1,586 km total; Iraq 134 km, Israel 238 km,
Saudi Arabia 742 km, Syria 375 km, West Bank 97 km
_#_Coastline: 26 km
_#_Maritime claims: