_#_Disputes: may wish to purchase the Malaysian salient that divides
the country
_#_Climate: tropical; hot, humid, rainy
_#_Terrain: flat coastal plain rises to mountains in east; hilly
lowland in west
_#_Natural resources: crude oil, natural gas, timber
_#_Land use: arable land 1%; permanent crops 1%; meadows and pastures
1%; forest and woodland 79%; other 18%; includes irrigated NEGL%
_#_Environment: typhoons, earthquakes, and severe flooding are rare
_#_Note: close to vital sea lanes through South China Sea linking
Indian and Pacific Oceans; two parts physically separated by Malaysia;
almost an enclave of Malaysia
_*_People
_#_Population: 397,777 (July 1991), growth rate 6.3% (1991)
_#_Birth rate: 22 births/1,000 population (1991)
_#_Death rate: 4 deaths/1,000 population (1991)
_#_Net migration rate: 45 migrants/1,000 population (1991)
_#_Infant mortality rate: 10 deaths/1,000 live births (1991)
_#_Life expectancy at birth: 74 years male, 77 years female (1991)
_#_Total fertility rate: 2.9 children born/woman (1991)
_#_Nationality: noun--Bruneian(s); adjective--Bruneian
_#_Ethnic divisions: Malay 64%, Chinese 20%, other 16%
_#_Religion: Muslim (official) 63%, Buddhism 14%, Christian 8%,
indigenous beliefs and other 15% (1981)
_#_Language: Malay (official), English, and Chinese
_#_Literacy: 77% (male 85%, female 69%) age 15 and over can
read and write (1981)
_#_Labor force: 89,000 (includes members of the Army); 33% of labor
force is foreign (1988); government 47.5%; production of oil, natural
gas, services, and construction 41.9%; agriculture, forestry, and fishing
3.8% (1986)
_#_Organized labor: 2% of labor force
_*_Government
_#_Long-form name: Negara Brunei Darussalam
_#_Type: constitutional sultanate
_#_Capital: Bandar Seri Begawan
_#_Administrative divisions: 4 districts (daerah-daerah,
singular--daerah); Belait, Brunei and Muara, Temburong, Tutong
_#_Independence: 1 January 1984 (from UK)
_#_Constitution: 29 September 1959 (some provisions suspended
under a State of Emergency since December 1962, others since
independence on 1 January 1984)
_#_Legal system: based on Islamic law
_#_National holiday: National Day, 23 February (1984)
_#_Executive branch: sultan, prime minister, Council of Cabinet
Ministers
_#_Legislative branch: unicameral Legislative Council
(Majlis Masyuarat Megeri)
_#_Judicial branch: Supreme Court
_#_Leaders:
Chief of State and Head of Government--Sultan and Prime Minister
Sir Muda HASSANAL BOLKIAH Muizzaddin Waddaulah (since 5 October 1967)
_#_Political parties and leaders:
Brunei United National Party (inactive), Anak HASANUDDIN, chairman;
Brunei National Democratic Party (the first legal political party and now
banned), leader NA
_#_Suffrage: none
_#_Elections:
Legislative Council--last held in March 1962; in 1970
the Council was changed to an appointive body by decree of the sultan
and no elections are planned
_#_Communists: probably none
_#_Member of: APEC, ASEAN, C, ESCAP, ICAO, IDB, IMO, INTERPOL, IOC,
ISO (correspondent), ITU, OIC, UN, UNCTAD, UPU, WHO, WMO
_#_Diplomatic representation: Ambassador Dato Paduka Haji Mohamed SUNI
bin Haji Idris; Chancery at 2600 Virginia Avenue NW, Washington DC 20037;
telephone (202) 342-0159;
US--Ambassador Christopher H. PHILLIPS; Embassy at Third Floor,
Teck Guan Plaza, Jalan Sultan, Bandar Seri Begawan (mailing address
is P. O. Box 2991, Bandar Seri Begawan and Box B, APO San Francisco,
96528); telephone [673] (2) 229-670
_#_Flag: yellow with two diagonal bands of white (top, almost double
width) and black starting from the upper hoist side; the national emblem
in red is superimposed at the center; the emblem includes a
swallow-tailed flag on top of a winged column within an upturned crescent
above a scroll and flanked by two upraised hands
_*_Economy
_#_Overview: The economy is a mixture of foreign and domestic
entrepreneurship, government regulation and welfare measures, and
village tradition. It is almost totally supported by exports of
crude oil and natural gas, with revenues from the petroleum sector
accounting for more than 50% of GDP. Per capita GDP of $9,600
is among the highest in the Third World, and substantial income from
overseas investment supplements domestic production. The government
provides for all medical services and subsidizes food and housing.
_#_GDP: $3.3 billion, per capita $9,600; real growth rate
2.7% (1989 est.)
_#_Inflation rate (consumer prices): 1.3% (1989 est.)
_#_Unemployment: 2.5%, shortage of skilled labor (1989 est.)
_#_Budget: revenues $1.2 billion; expenditures $1.4 billion,
including capital expenditures of $230 million (1988 est.)
_#_Exports: $1.9 billion (f.o.b., 1989);
commodities--crude oil, liquefied natural gas, petroleum products;
partners--Japan 60%, Thailand 10%, Singapore 4% (1988)
_#_Imports: $1.2 billion (c.i.f., 1989);
commodities--machinery and transport equipment, manufactured
goods, food, chemicals;
partners--Singapore 36%, UK 26%, Switzerland 7%, US 7%, Japan 6%
(1988)
_#_External debt: none
_#_Industrial production: growth rate 12.9% (1987); accounts for
52.4% of GDP
_#_Electricity: 310,000 kW capacity; 890 million kWh produced,
2,400 kWh per capita (1990)
_#_Industries: petroleum, liquefied natural gas, construction
_#_Agriculture: imports about 80% of its food needs; principal crops
and livestock include rice, cassava, bananas, buffaloes, and pigs
_#_Economic aid: US commitments, including Ex-Im (FY70-87), $20.6
million; Western (non-US) countries, ODA and OOF bilateral commitments
(1970-87), $143.7 million
_#_Currency: Bruneian dollar (plural--dollars); 1 Bruneian dollar
(B$) = 100 cents
_#_Exchange rates: Bruneian dollars (B$) per US$1--1.7454 (January
1991), 1.8125 (1990), 1.9503 (1989), 2.0124 (1988), 2.1060 (1987), 2.1774
(1986), 2.2002 (1985); note--the Bruneian dollar is at par with the
Singapore dollar
_#_Fiscal year: calendar year
_*_Communications
_#_Railroads: 13 km 0.610-meter narrow-gauge private line
_#_Highways: 1,090 km total; 370 km paved (bituminous treated) and
another 52 km under construction, 720 km gravel or unimproved
_#_Inland waterways: 209 km; navigable by craft drawing less than 1.2
meters
_#_Ports: Kuala Belait, Muara
_#_Merchant marine: 7 liquefied gas carriers (1,000 GRT or over)
totaling 348,476 GRT/340,635 DWT
_#_Pipelines: crude oil, 135 km; refined products, 418 km;
natural gas, 920 km
_#_Civil air: 4 major transport aircraft (3 Boeing 757-200,
1 Boeing 737-200)
_#_Airports: 2 total, 2 usable; 1 with permanent-surface runways; 1
with runway over 3,659 m; 1 with runway 1,406 m
_#_Telecommunications: service throughout country is adequate for
present needs; international service good to adjacent Malaysia;
radiobroadcast coverage good; 33,000 telephones (1987); stations--4
AM/FM, 1 TV; 74,000 radio receivers (1987); satellite earth stations--1
Indian Ocean INTELSAT and 1 Pacific Ocean INTELSAT
_*_Defense Forces
_#_Branches: Royal Brunei Armed Forces (including Ground Forces,
Flotilla, and Air Wing), Royal Brunei Police
_#_Manpower availability: males 15-49, 110,727; 63,730 fit for
military service; 3,199 reach military age (18) annually
_#_Defense expenditures: $233.1 million, 7.1% of GDP (1988)
_%_
_@_Bulgaria
_*_Geography
_#_Total area: 110,910 km2; land area: 110,550 km2
_#_Comparative area: slightly larger than Tennessee
_#_Land boundaries: 1,881 km total; Greece 494 km, Romania 608 km,
Turkey 240 km, Yugoslavia 539 km
_#_Coastline: 354 km
_#_Maritime claims:
Contiguous zone: 24 nm;
Exclusive economic zone: 200 nm;