=Phonetic.= Soundly.
=Phonography=, =phonotypy=. Sound-spelling. Surely a photograph should
be a phototype. _Graphō_ is to graze or grave along a body, but a
photograph is given by a plumb downstriking of rays of light--a _typē_
and not a _graphē_. With _graphē_ and _typē_ we may set a _glyphē_
(from _glyphō_), an outsmoothing of a shape, as that of a figure from
a block of stone. _Glyphō_ is a fellow stem-word to _glykys_, smooth,
soft, or sweet.
=Phrase.= Gr. _phrazo_, to speak, say. A word-cluster, a word-set, a
cluster or set of byhanging words.
=Pirate.= Sea-robber, weeking, wyking, wicing (Gloss. 11 cent.). The
_wicings_ or _weekings_ or _vicings_ were so called as lurking about in
the bays, _wicas_, _weeks_, _wykes_, or _wiches_.
=Plagiary.= A thought-pilferer.
=Pleonasm.= Gr. _pleonazo_, to fullen or overfullen. An overwording;
as, ‘A great [thing of a] boar’ for ‘a great boar.’ ‘What [ever in the
world] are you doing?’ ‘Never [in all my whole life] have I seen the
like.’
A pleonasm oft is heard
To strengthen speech by word on word.
=Plocē.= Gr. _plokē_, a twining or folding. A twining or folding of
a foregiven name, of one meaning the same name, in another; as, ‘Then
Edwin was Edwin (or himself) again.’ Worthy of himself. ‘Coal is now
coal,’ _i.e._ scarce and costly.
By plocē you inweave a name
Once more with meaning not the same.
=Plural= (number). The somely (number).
=Polyptoton.= Gr. _poly_, many; _ptotos_, case. The inbringing of
fellow stem-words or root-words in sundry cases or ways:--‘He,
friendless once, befriended friends.’
=Posterity.= Afterkin.
=Postposition.= A hinder case-word, a case-word put after the
thing-name; as, in Hindustani, _panee-main_, water in; _panee-sae_,
water from; _panee-ko_, water to. Showing the source of case-endings.
=Potential= (mood). L. _potentia_, might, power. Mayly.
=Predicate.= The wording of the time-taking; as, ‘John _walked twenty
miles_.’
=Prefix.= A fore-eking, a forewordling; as, _be-set_, _for-give_,
_out-run_.
=Preposition.= A case-word.
=Preterite.= Bygone, past.
=Programme.= A foredraught.
=Pronoun= (personal). A name-token, a stead-word. Pronoun Adjective,
mark-word.
=Proper name.= A one-head name.
=Prosopopœia.= Gr. _prosopon_, face, person; _poieo_, to make. The
putting of an unmatterly or impersonal thing as a person.
Prosopopœia shows your mind
Unlive things doing as mankind.
=Protasis.= The hinge time-taking.
=Prototype.= Foreshape, forepattern.
=Punctuation.= L. _punctuatio_, from _puncta_, points or stops. The
skill of the putting of stops, or of the marking of voice-stoppings in
speech. Bestopping. (See ‘Period.’)
=Radicle.= Rootling.
=Reciprocal= (verb). L. _re_, back, fro; _ci_, to this way. To and fro
verbs; as, ‘They helped each other.’
=Rectify.= Righten.
=Reflective.= Back-turning, as a time-taking which comes back to the
source of it; as, ‘John cut or hit himself.’
=Regimen.= Government, overwielding of a thing by another.
=Religion.= Faith-law.
=Religious.= On the true meaning of _religiosus_ see Aul. Gell. _Noct.
Att._ iv. 9. He makes it mean withholden, backbound from some uses.
_Religiosa delubra_, a shrine hallowed from common use; _religiosus
dies_, a day withholden, as unlucky, from great undertakings. A
religious man is one who is withholden by his faith and conscience from
bad deeds.
=Restrain.= Inhold, forhold.
=Result.= Outcome, outworking, backspring. _Result_ (from _resilio_,
to spring back) is neither in sound nor meaning a better word than
_outcome_ or _outworking_ or _froming_, _fromming_.
=Rhetoric.= Rede-speech.
=Rhythm.= Gr. _rhythmos_, number, as number of clippings or sounds in a
line of verse. _Metre_, which meant at first tale of sounds rather than
sound matching, which we call rime. _Rime_ is not come to us from the
Greek, but is the Saxon _rim_ or _hrim_, tale or number.
‘Manâ and misdædâ ungerím ealrâ’ (a tale, beyond telling, of all
wickednesses and misdeeds).--_Sermo Lupi ad Anglos._
‘Deer naet in da rime was’ (who was not in the number).--_Old Friesic
Law._
=Salubrious.= Healthy, halesome.
=Satellite.= Henchman.
=Scintillate.= Sparkle.
=Semi-detached houses.= Twin-houses, a house-twin.
=Sentence.= L. _sentio_, to think, deem, feel. In speech-craft, an
uttering of a thought, one thought-wording.
=Septuple.= Sevenfold.
=-sh= (an ending). It means quickness and smartness; as, _clang_,
clash; _crack_, crash; _fly_, flash; _go_, gush; _hack_, hash. In
markwords it means somewhat such;--_blackish_, _boyish_.
=-ship= (an ending). It means a shape or form of being:--_Friendship_,
_mateship_.
=Solœcisms.= Gr. _soloikismos_, from the bad Greek of the _Soloikoi_ in
_Cilicia_. A miswording, barbarism, or, as an old Saxon gives it, ‘a
miscweðen word,’ or a misquothing, a misqueathing.
We in a solœcismus find
Miswording of a loreless mind.
=Solstice.= Sunsted. A.S. Sunanstede.
=-some.= The ending _-some_ in such words as _aimsome_, _matchsome_,
_yieldsome_ seems, as we look to its true first meaning, to be a
fitting one. A _sam_ or _som_ (some) meant at first a body of mingled
matter or things. In its stronger meaning lumps of suet melted up into
a soft body would be a _sam_ or _som_; and potatoes boiled and mashed
up would be a _sam_; and dough, if not flour itself, is a _sam_ or
_som_.
In the wider meaning of the word an upgathering of things, and even
men, into a body or set is a _sam_ or _som_. Thence we have our word
_same_ as well as the ending _-some_ and the markword _some_:--‘_Some_
in rags, and _some_ in jags, and _some_ in silken gowns’ (a _set_ or
body in rags, a _set_ or body in jags, &c.).
_Aimsome_, _yieldsome_ would mean of the _aim_ or _yield_ or _aiming_
or _yielding_ set or body.
_Sam_ or _som_ gives our words _same_ and _so_. ‘The _same_ man’ means
the very man in _sam_ or body or being. ‘Are they Hebrews? _so_ (same)
am I.’ Of that _sam_ (am I). The Latin _se_ is most likely a word of
the same root:--‘Lucius _se_ amat’ (Lucius loves _same_ or his _sam_);
and this is the meaning of our word _self_.
The Latin _similis_ would mean of the _sam_ or _same_ kind; and ‘to
_summon_ (_samen_) men’ is to call them up into a _sam_, ‘Suma êlanda
thêr im likte’ (some islands that pleased him).--_Oera Linda Book._
=Sophist.= Wordwise.
=Sophistry.= Rede-guile, rede-cunning.
=Spell.= Sax. _spellian_, to tell, utter forth a word or a set of words.
=Spell.= A message or bewording, as in _Godspel_ (Gospel), ‘the good
message.’
=-st= (an ending). It strengthens the meaning, as it does in
_blackest_; blow, _blast_; brow, _breast_.
=Stereography.= Bulk-drawing.
=Stereometry.= Bulk-meting.
=Stereotype.= Block-type.
=Subject.= The speech-thing or thing under speech.
=Subjunctive= (mood). The hinge-mood; as, ‘If ye ask, ye shall receive.’
=Suffix.= A wordling put on at the end of a word; as, man_-hood_,
good_-ness_, kind_-ly_. End-eking, an on-eking, a word-ending.
=Superlative.= The highest pitch.
=Supposititious.= Underfoisted, undersmuggled.
=Syllepsis.= Gr. _syn_, up, together; _lēpsis_, a taking. An uptaking,
upmating, comprehension, as of a second or third person with a first;
as, ‘I (1) and my brother (3) (we) learn Latin.’.
Syllepsis takes I, you, and he
As first persons, and all called we.
=Synalœpha.= Gr. _syn_, up; _aleipho_, to smear. Sound-welding. The
welding up of two sounds into one, or the end of one word into the
head of the following. In Latin verse--‘Conticuere omnes,’ ‘conticue͞r
omnes,’ ‘conticuere‿omnes’--uttering the _e_ and _om_ in the time of
one syllable. So in Italian--‘In prat_o‿i_n foresta,’ ‘Sia l’alb_a‿o_
la sera,’ ‘Se dorm_e‿i_l pastor’--the _o i_, and _a o_, and _e i_ are
uttered as one syllable. In English--‘Before th_e‿A_lmighty’s throne.’
By synalœpha breath-sounds run
A couple to the time of one.
=Syncope.= The cutting of a penning from within a word; as, ‘He ha-s’
for ‘he haves,’ ‘Gospel’ for ‘Godspel.’ The outcutting is truly an
_outwearing_ of the clipping.
A clipping’s lost by syncope,
As _subtle’s_ sounded minus _b_.
=Synecdoche.= Gr. _syn_, up; _ek_, out; _dochē_, a taking. An outtaking
or outculling, as of a share of a thing for the whole, or the matter
for the thing; as, ‘a hundred heads’ for ‘a hundred men’; ‘twenty
hands’ for ‘twenty workmen’; ‘a cricketer’s willow’ for his ‘bat.’
=Synonym.= Gr. _syn_, together; _onyma_ a name. Synonyms are words
or names of the same meaning, twin-words; as, _rabbit_ and _coney_,
_volume_ and _tome_, _yearly_ and _annual_, _letter_ and _epistle_.
Twains of words are, however, less often synonyms than they are so
called.
=Syntax.= Speech-trimming. A _trim_ is a fully right or good state of
a thing, the state in which it ought to be; and ‘to trim’ a thing is
to put it in trim, or fully as it ought to be. ‘To _trim_ a boat,’ to
set it as it ought to be--upright, not heeling. ‘To _trim_ a bonnet or
dress,’ to put it fully as it ought to be. And so ‘to _trim_ a hedge’:
a man may think that, because much of the trimming of a hedge is done
by cutting, a trimming is therefore a cutting. ‘I am out of _trim_’;
‘to _trim_,’ as a man in politics, albeit it may not be to set himself
morally as he ought to be, is to set himself as he thinks that he ought
to be for the nonce.
=Tautology.= Word-sameness, a saying over again of the same thing or
words.
=Technical.= Craftly.
=Telegram.= Wire-spell. (See Spell.)
=Telegraph= (the electric). Spell-wire.
=Telescope.= Spyglass.
=Tense.= Time.
=Termination.= A word-ending.
=Tmesis.= A word-cutting or splitting or outsundering; as, ‘The child
has _overthrown_ the flower-pot.’ By word-cutting or outsundering--‘The
child has _thrown_ the flower-pot _over_.’
By tmesis you may oft outshare
A word’s two word-stems here and there.
=Transitive= is overfaresome; _intransitive_, unoverfaresome.
=Triphthong.= Gr. _tri_, three; _phthongos_, sound. A threefold sound.
=Uncial.= L. _literæ unciales_, text letters. Capital letters.
=Under.= _Undersea_, submarine; _underspan_, subtend; _underslinking_,
subterfuge.
=Up-.= _Upclashing_, collision; _upthrong_, congregate.
=Upmating.= The upmating of the persons, called in Greek _syllepsis_,
touches the use of the personal pronouns. A second or third person
upmated with the first is reckoned as first, and a third upmated with
the second is reckoned as second; as,
‘That boat belongs to my brother (3) and me (1). _We_ (1) bought it.’
‘That is known only to you (2) and me (1). _We_ know it.’
‘I saw you (2) and your brother (3). _You_ (2) were there.’
But persons are upmated as well from kindliness or civility as from the
calls of speech-craft. Thus a speaker will often upmate himself with
a hearer or another, as a mother may upmate herself with her child by
_we_, instead of _thou_ or _you_; as,
Here _we_ go up, up, up;
Here _we_ go down, down, downy;
Here _we_ go backward and forward;
And here _we_ go round, round, roundy--
though the going is only that of the child.
A young man may say to a girl friend, ‘How proud _we_ are,’ meaning
‘_you_ are’; or a man may say of others who might not be very brisk
at work, ‘_We_ are not very strong to-day’; or a footman may upmate
himself with the heads of the house with such wording as ‘_We_ do not
treat our guests so unhandsomely.’
=Vocabulary.= L. _vocabulum_, a word. A word-list, word-book,
word-store.
=Vocative= (case). L. _voco_, to call. The call-case.
=-y=, =-ig= (an ending). It means eked with something:--_Snowy_, with
snow; _dirty_, with dirt.
=Zeugma.= Gr., a yoking. A yoking of two things as to one time-word
which would fit only one of them, another being outleft; as, ‘The
house which my own money, and not which my father bequeathed,’ supply
_bought_ after ‘money.’
* * * * *
The Power of the Word-endings.
Some of the small word-endings end themselves with a dead
breath-penning, and others with a half-penning. The dead pennings seem
to betoken, mostly, an ending, or shortening, or lessening, in time or
shape; while the half-pennings do not seem to bound, or shorten, or
lessen, the meaning of their body-words.
_Dead Pennings._
=-ock.= Hill-ock.
=-ed.= I walk-ed (the time-taking ended).
=-ig=, now =-y=. Wind-ig, wind-y (an eking of wind).
=-op=, =-p=; =-ob=, =-b=. Flap, flip, a quick flying; heap, hop, hip,
small highenings, or humps; pop out, to poke out quickly; clap the
hands, to close them quickly; stub, a small stump; wallop, to wallow
or well (roll) lightly, and so as water from a spring, or in boiling.
We may think that we have two very fine words in _envelope_ and
_develope_, whereas they seem to be nothing better than the Teutonic
_inwallop_ and _unwallop_, to roll in and unroll. With _wallow_ set the
Latin _volvo_ (walwo), to roll.
=-t=, =-et=. Forlessens.
Poke, pocket.
Ball, bullet.
Sock, socket.
_Half-Pennings._
do not so strongly, if at all, betoken endingness, or shortness, or
smallness.
=-m.= A _stem_ is of any length, but _stump_ is short.
=-en=, =-n=. _Golden_, eked wholly in gold; _blacken_, to eke on freely
in blackness.
=-ing=, as in _walking_, does not betoken any ending or shortening of a
time-taking.
=-er=, =-r=, betokens eking out much in shape or time, as:--
Chat, chatter.
Pat, patter.
Clate, clatter.
It so happens that while we have a dead penning, _-ed_, for the ended
time-taking, as, ‘he walked,’ we have a half-penning for the ongoing
time-taking, as, ‘he walketh.’ It is true that _-en_, a half-penning,
is put for _-ed_, as an ending of some mark-time words, as _brok-en_,
and that _-el_, _-l_, a half-penning, may seem to mean either much or
small, as _prate_, _prattle_ (prat-el). Time-words with these endings
in full length are weak.
Bloss-om-ed,
Black-en-ed,
Wall-op-ed,
Chat-er-ed,
Flitt-er-ed,
Pock-et-ed,
Prat-el-ed
(prattled).
=s= strengthens the meaning of some root-heads, as:--
Melt, smelt.
Nip, snip.
Plunge, splunge.
Queeze, squeeze.
So, as an ending of the somely thing-name, it stretches its meaning
from that of one to some ones, as _a hand_, _hands_--hands being more
than a hand.
In the word-ending =-st= of _black-est_, the half-penning _s_ freely
forstrengthens _black_, and the dead-penning _t_ seems to check its
force, so that _blackest_ means _black_ strengthened, though not
unboundedly so, but blackest of all the things taken with it.
_-st_ has, I suppose, this meaning also as an ending of thing-names
or time-words, as ‘to _boast_,’ the meaning of which is betokened by
some other tongues to be to _bow_ out much the breast or fore-body, the
token of pride and boasting, as it is so often shown to our sight.
_Bogan_, to bow (Anglo-Saxon and Friesic), means ‘to boast.’
Friesic--‘Thi mâgy _bogade_ uppa sinra snôdhed.’ (The mâgy boasted
(bowed) on his cunning.)--_Oera Linda Book._
‘Hia _bogath_ ìmmer over geda êwa.’ (They boast (bow) ever over good
laws.)--_Oera Linda Book._
The old British bard, Llywarch Hên, had in mind the same token of
pride:--
--gnawd dyn
Bronrain balch
(It is common for a proud (or boasting) man to be bow- or
bulge-breasted); and in the Holderness (Yorkshire) folkspeech they say
‘as _bug_ (proud) as a dog wi’ two tails,’ and yet, to show that _bug_
means a bow or bowedness, they say ‘as _bug_ as a cheese.’
The Goodness of a Speech.
The goodness of a speech should be sought in its clearness to the
hearing and mind, clearness of its breath-sounds, and clearness of
meaning in its words; in its fulness of words for all the things and
time-takings which come, with all their sundrinesses, under the minds
of men of the speech, in their common life; in sound-sweetness to the
ear, and glibness to the tongue. As to fulness, the speech of men who
know thoroughly the making of its words may be fullened from its own
roots and stems, quite as far as has been fullened Greek or German,
so that they would seldom feel a stronger want of a foreign word than
was felt by those men who, having the words _rail_ and _way_, made the
word _railway_ instead of calling it _chemin de fer_, or, going to the
Latin, _via ferrea_, or than Englishmen felt with _steam_ and _boat_,
to go to the Greeks for the name of the _steamboat_, for which Greek
had no name at all. The fulness of English has not risen at the rate of
the inbringing of words from other tongues, since many new words have
only put out as many old ones, as:--
immediately, anon,
(no saving of time here),
ignite, kindle,
annual, yearly,
machine, jinny.
I have before me more than one hundred and fifty so taken English
law-words which were brought into the English courts with the Norman
French tongue; but English speech did not therefore become richer by
so many words, because most of them thrust aside English ones. _Judge_
took the stead of _dema_; _cause_ of _sác_; _bail_ of _borh_; and the
lawyers said _arson_ for _forburning_; _burglary_, for _housebreach_;
and _carrucate_, for _ploughland_; and King Alfred gave to English
minds the matter of Gregory’s Pastoral with a greater share (nearly
all) of pure English words, than most English scholars could now find
for it.
On clearness, it is to be feared that, notwithstanding the English
may be clear in breath-sounds to the ear, there is often a want of
clearness to the mind from the many pairs of words which have worn into
the same sound, such as:--
Bow, bow,
Doe, dough,
Lea, lee,
Pale, pail,
Sow, sew,
and others; and from the use of Latin and Greek and other foreign
words, which are used in other than their true first meanings, or the
meanings of which the common folk do not understand.
_Teleology_ is a word which I have just seen in a Dorset paper, as
for the matter of a lately given lore-speech, ‘the examination or the
discussion of the purposes for which things are created.’ Now, in
English the word _end_ means both a _forending_, or termination, and a
purpose; but I do not think that _telos_ (end) or _teleosis_, in Greek,
means a purpose. _Prothesis_ would most likely have been put for it by
a Greek.
The Latinish and Greekish wording is a hindrance to the teaching of the
homely poor, or at least the landfolk. It is not clear to them, and
some of them say of a clergyman that his Latinised preaching is too
high for them, and seldom seek the church.
_Swan_ is a clue to the meaning of _swanling_ but none of _cygnet_; and
if a man knew that _kyknos_ was the Greek for swan he might still be at
a loss for the meaning of _-et_, which is not a Greek ending.
For sound-sweetness or glibness, we should shun, as far as we can, the
meeting of hard dead breath-pennings of unlike kinds. We have in our
true English too many of them, and some of them from the dropping of
the _e_ from the word-ending _-ed_, as in _slep’t_ and _pack’d_ (lip
and roof, and throat and roof pennings, and in both cases hard dead
pennings); and then, as if we had not enough of them, we have brought
in a host more of such ones from the Latin, as in _act_, _tract_,
_inept_, _rapt_.
Now, _forbend_ is a softer-sounded word than _deflect_, since _ct_ (kt)
are hard throat and root pennings, very unhandy together, and the _n_
of _-nd_ is a mild half-penning, and _d_ is a mild dead penning. So
_dapper_ is better sounded than _adept_, since _p_ is a single hard
penning between two free breathings, and _pt_ are a hard lip and a hard
roof breathing, unfollowed by any softer breathing.
It was against such harshness of hard unlike breath-pennings that
Celtic speech took its markworthy word-moulding.
As a token of the readiness of two kindred breath-pennings to run into
one, we may give the words of the Liturgy, ‘Make clean our hearts
within us,’ for which a clergyman will hardly, without a pause and a
strong pushing of the breath, help saying ‘Make lean our hearts within
us.’
There came out in print some time ago a statement wonderful to me, that
it had been found that the poor landfolk of one of our shires had only
about two hundred words in their vocabulary, with a hint that Dorset
rustics were not likely to be more fully worded. There can be shown to
any writer two hundred thing-names, known to every man and woman of our
own village, for things of the body and dress of a labourer, without
any mark-words, or time-words, or others, and without leaving the man
for his house, or garden, or the field, or his work.
CLUE TO MATTERS HANDLED.
Absolute case, 32, 47
Accent, 3
Adjective, 10, 12
Adverbs, 26, 48
Aorist (time), 28
Article, 6, 10
Attraction, 52
_Be-_, 52
Big things, 6
Breathings, 1, 44
-- free, 1
-- hard, 2, 44
Breath-pennings, 1, 2
Can, 27
Case, 30
-- absolute, 32
-- words, 31
Colon, 73
Comma, 73
Conjugation, 26
Conjunction, 35
Defective (time-words), 55
_-dom_, 57, 58
_-ed_, 19, 83
_-el_, _-l_, 18
_-en_, 16, 45, 59, 84
_-ening_, 59
_-er_, 59, 84
_-et_, 84
Expansion, 60
_For-_, 60
_Fore-_, 61
Goodness of a speech, 86
Hinge and hank time-takings, 35
_-hood_, 62
Imperative mood, 31, 63
Impersonal time-words, 63
Inceptive time-words, 64
Indicative mood, 30
Infinitive mood, 16, 64
_-ing_, 17, 84
_-ism_, 65
Iterative time-words, 29, 66
Kindred, 5
Link words, 35
_-m_, _-om_, _-um_, 66, 67, 84
Mark-words (thing), 4
Mark time-words, 45
May, 27
_Mis-_, 16
Miswording, 10
Mood, 30
Must, 27
Nominative case, 31
_-ock_, 16, 83
_-om_, _-um_, _-m_, 66, 67, 84
_-op_, _-p_, 70, 83
Optative mood, 31, 70
Paraphrase, 71
Participles (Latin), 40
Period, 72
Person, 11, 26, 27
Personal time-word, 73
Pitches, 73
Potential, 31
Preposition (case-word), 31
Proposition, 35
Qualities, 12
_-r_, _-er_, 16, 59
Seem, 41, 78
Sex, 5
_-sh_, 77
Shall, 77
_-ship_, 77
Small things, 5
_-some_, 78
Sound-softness, 38, 88
Speech, goodness of, 86
-- strain, 3
-- trimming, 36, 80
-- wording, 35, 40-44
Stops, 72
Suchness, 12
-- pitches of, 13
Syntax, 35, 80
Tale, 6, 10, 28
Thing mark-words, 4
-- names, 4
-- sundrinesses, 4
Thought-wording, 35
Time, 28
Time-giving, 15
Time-taking, 14, 25
-- historic, 18, 30
-- long, 27
-- short, single, and stringly, 29
-- transitive, 15
Time-words, 19
-- strong, 20
-- weak, 19, 20, 26
Twin, 39
Under sundrinesses of time-takings, 25
Word-endings, powers of, 83
Wordiness, 44
Word-sameness, 38
Word-strain, 3
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Lyrics of Love, from Shakespeare to Tennyson. Selected and arranged by.
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ADAMS (John), M.A.
St. Malo’s Quest, and other Poems. Fcap. 8vo. Cloth, 5_s._
ADON.
Through Storm & Sunshine. Illustrated by M. E. Edwards, A. T. H.
Paterson, and the Author. Crown 8vo. Cloth, price 7_s._ 6_d._
A. J. R.
Told at Twilight; Stories in Verse, Songs, &c. Fcap. 8vo. Cloth, price
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A. K. H. B.
A Scotch Communion Sunday, to which are added Certain Discourses from
a University City. By the Author of “The Recreations of a Country
Parson.” Second Edition. Crown 8vo. Cloth, price 5_s._
ALBERT (Mary).
Holland and her Heroes to the year 1585. An Adaptation from “Motley’s
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ALLEN (Rev. R.), M.A.
Abraham; his Life, Times, and Travels, 3,800 years ago. Second Edition.
With Map. Post 8vo. Cloth, price 6_s._
ALLEN (Grant), B.A.
Physiological Æsthetics. Crown 8vo. 9_s._
AMOS (Prof. Sheldon).
Science of Law. Second Edition. Crown 8vo. Cloth, price 5_s._
Volume X. of The International Scientific Series.
ANDERSON (Rev. C.), M.A.