the petals below the points. Cup proper, none. Seeds solitary.
SPECIFIC CHARACTER.
PROTEA foliis lanceolatis, undulatis, pilosis: squamis calycinis
rotundato-ovatis, marginibus fimbriatis nigricantibus. Caulis
patens.
Habitat in Caput Bonæ Spei.
PROTEA with lance-shaped leaves, waved and hairy. Scales of the
empalement roundedly oval, with fringed margins of a black brown
colour. Stem spreading.
Native of the Cape of Good Hope.
REFERENCE TO THE PLATE.
1. A flower, one tip magnified.
2. Seed-bud and pointal, summit magnified.
This fine fringed Protea in the foliage is very nearly allied to the P.
speciosa, but the flower is more spread open than any of that section we
have as yet seen. It is naturally so averse to grow upright, that it is
with difficulty prevented from bending downwards, which the branches
always do till they are tied up. In this particular it very much
resembles the P. repens, and, if left at liberty, would no doubt, like
that species, creep or spread itself about on the earth. Our figure was
made from a plant lately in the conservatory of G. H. Hibbert, esq., but
recently consigned to J. Knight, his botanic gardener, who has commenced
nurseryman in the King’s Road, Chelsea, with the whole of that well
known valuable collection.
[Illustration]
PLATE DXLIV.
MIMOSA PUDICA.
_Bashful Mimosa._
CLASS XXIII. ORDER I.
_POLYGAMIA MONŒCIA._ Various Dispositions upon one Plant.
ESSENTIAL GENERIC CHARACTER.
HERMAPH. Calyx 5-dentatus. Corolla 5-fida. Stamina 5, sive plura.
Pistillum 1. Legumen.
MASCUL. Calyx 5-dentatus. Corolla 5-fida. Stamina 4, 5, 10, sive
plura.
HERMAPH. Empalement 5-toothed. Blossom five-cleft. Chives 5, or
more. Pointal 1. A pod.
MALE. Empalement 5-toothed. Blossom 5-cleft. Chives 4, 5, 10, or
more.
SPECIFIC CHARACTER.
MIMOSA foliis sensitivis palmato-pinnatis, pinnulis, multijugis.
Caulis pilosus, aculeis paucis instructus. Petioli et pedunculi
pilosi. Fructus echinatus.
Habitat in Brasiliâ.
MIMOSA with sensitive leaves palmately winged, the pinnulæ
many-paired. Stem hairy, and furnished with a few prickles.
Petioles and peduncles hairy. Fruit prickly.
Native of the Brazils.
REFERENCE TO THE PLATE.
1. A flower.
2. A chive magnified.
3. Seed-bud and pointal magnified.
4. The ripe capsule, with a seed detached.
Five distinct genera were once included under the generic title of
Mimosa, but separated by Willdenow into 102 Acacias, 58 Ingas, 9
Desmanthuses, 3 Shrankias, and 32 Mimosas. This susceptible species of
Mimosa is an old inhabitant of the stove, and well known to cultivators
by the appellation of the Sensitive Plant (but not to be confounded with
the M. sensitiva, a very different species). Although this Mimosa is
neither new nor rare, it is nevertheless very interesting, and has not
hitherto made its appearance in any modern publication; nor is there any
coloured figure of it extant. Our representation of it, therefore, is in
part a novelty, however old and familiar the plant itself may be.
According to the observations of Linnæus, it opens or expands its
foliage at three in the morning, and closes it about six in the evening.
Its singular quality of shrinking from the touch is supposed to be owing
to its being strongly saturated with oxygen gas, which it disengages
upon the slightest provocation, and its place for a short time is
supplied by the atmospheric air; which retiring, the leaves again resume
their former appearance, and so remain expanded till the evening, unless
disturbed by design or accident; for the rude approach of the common air
disorganises its foliage.
The leaf is mostly composed of four divisions, but sometimes five and
six may be found in plants of a luxuriant growth. Each division is
supplied with numerous little leaflets, in pairs of an oblong form, with
a small yellow gland at their base, which when carefully touched will
close up separately, and leave the surrounding leaflets undisturbed. It
may be considered either as an annual or a biennial, dying after
ripening its seeds. Our drawing was made from fine plants in the
collection of J. Vere, esq.
[Illustration]
PLATE DXLV.
PROTEA ABROTANIFOLIA, _odorata_.
_Sweet-scented Southernwood-leaved Protea._
CLASS IV. ORDER I.
_TETRANDRIA MONOGYNIA._ Four Chives. One Pointal.
ESSENTIAL GENERIC CHARACTER.
COROLLA 4-fida, seu 4-petala. Antheræ lineares, petalis infra
apices insertæ. Calyx proprius, nullus. Semina solitaria.
BLOSSOM four-cleft, or of four petals. Tips linear, inserted into
the petals below the points. Cup proper, none. Seeds solitary.
SPECIFIC CHARACTER.
PROTEA foliis multifidis, filiformibus, acutis, pilosis: floribus
in capitulis terminalibus, lucidis, odoratis.
Habitat in Caput Bonæ Spei.
PROTEA with many-cleft leaves, thread-shaped, pointed, and hairy:
flowers grow in terminal heads, shining, and sweet-scented.
Native of the Cape of Good Hope.
REFERENCE TO THE PLATE.
1. A flower, one tip magnified.
2. Seed-bud and pointal.
This species of Protea well deserves a place in any collection, as, in
addition to its light and graceful appearance, it is possessed of a most
agreeable fragrance. There is a variation of it with white flowers, but
exactly the same in every other particular. It remains a considerable
time in bloom, but not many umbels of flowers are expanded at the same
time. We have seen it in several collections. It is a Cape species, and
appears to be of easy culture.
[Illustration]
PLATE DXLVI.
MONARDA PUNCTATA.
_Dotted-flowered Monarda._
CLASS II. ORDER I.
_DIANDRIA MONOGYNIA._ Two Chives. One Pointal.
ESSENTIAL GENERIC CHARACTER.
CALYX tubulosus, quinque-dentatus. Corolla ringens, labio superiore
lineari, filamenta involvente.
EMPALEMENT tubular, five-toothed. Blossom gaping: the upper lip
linear, and enfolding the threads.
SPECIFIC CHARACTER.
MONARDA foliis lanceolatis, dentatis, minutè punctatis: floribus
verticillatis, flavis, rubro punctatis: foliis involucri
ovato-lanceolatis, glabris, incarnatis.
Habitat in Americâ Boreali.
MONARDA with lance-shaped leaves, toothed, and minutely dotted.
Flowers grow in whorls, are of a yellow colour, and dotted with
red: the involucrate leaves are ovately lance-shaped, smooth, and
flesh-coloured.
Native of North America.
REFERENCE TO THE PLATE.
1. A flower.
2. A blossom spread open, one tip magnified.
3. Seed-bud and pointal, summit magnified.
4. Seed-bud magnified.
The only figure of the Monarda punctata we have seen is an uncoloured
one in Plukenet’s Phytographia. It is a perfectly new species to the
garden, and the only Monarda with yellow flowers at present known. Its
specific title is particularly applicable to its bloom, as all the
species yet enumerated are more or less punctured in the foliage, some
so minutely as scarcely to be perceived without the aid of a magnifier.
It is a native of Virginia in North America, but by whom introduced we
have not been able to learn. Our drawing was made from plants in the
nursery of Messrs. Whitley and Brames, who raised it from seed last
year, 1807; but it did not flower till the latter part of the present
summer. It is a hardy perennial, and certainly a handsome addition to
the genus.
[Illustration]
PLATE DXLVII.
PASSIFLORA PERFOLIATA.
_Perfoliate-leaved Passion-flower._
CLASS XX. ORDER V.
_GYNANDRIA PENTANDRIA._ Chives on the Pointal. Five Chives.
ESSENTIAL GENERIC CHARACTER.
TRIGYNA. Calyx 5-phyllus. Petala 5. Nectarium corona. Bacca
pedicellata.
THREE Styles. Cup 5-leaved. Petals 5. Honey-cup forming a crown.
Berry standing on a footstalk.
SPECIFIC CHARACTER.
PASSIFLORA foliis bilobis: lobis oblongis, divaricatis, subtus
punctatis, glaucis: laciniis calycinis linearibus.
Habitat in Caribbæis.
_Jacquin’s Hort. Schœn. vol. 2. tab. 182._
PASSION-FLOWER with leaves two-lobed: lobes oblong and straddling,
dotted beneath, and glaucous: segments of the cup linear.
Native of the Caribbee Islands.
REFERENCE TO THE PLATE.
1. A flower spread open.
The most graceful ornament to the hot-stove is the elegant and favourite
genus Passiflora, whose branches meandering against the interior sides
of the building adorn it to the greatest advantage. From a branch of the
Passiflora perfoliata thus situated in the collection of the Countess de
Vandes our drawing was taken. The only coloured figure of it we have
seen in the Hortus Schœnbrunnensis of Jacquin. It flowers in great
luxuriance during the months of July and August.
[Illustration]
PLATE DXLVIII.
CUCUMIS DUDAIM.
_Sweet-scented Melon._
CLASS XXI. ORDER VIII.
_MONŒCIA MONADELPHIA._ Chives and Pointals separate. One Brotherhood.
ESSENTIAL GENERIC CHARACTER.
_Masculini flores._
CALYX 5-dentatus. Corolla 5-partita. Filamenta 3.
_Fœminei flores._
CALYX 5-dentatus. Corolla 5-partita. Pistillum 3-fidum.
_Male flowers._
EMPALEMENT 5-toothed. Blossom 5-parted. Filaments 3.
_Female flowers._
EMPALEMENT 5-toothed. Blossom 3-parted. Pointal 3-cleft.
SPECIFIC CHARACTER.
CUCUMIS foliorum angulis rotundatis, dentatis, bispidis: fructu
sphærico, aurantio, variegato, odoratissimo.
MELON with leaves angular, rounded, toothed, and hispid: fruit
spherical, of a gold colour, variegated, and very sweet-scented.
REFERENCE TO THE PLATE.
1. A blossom spread open.
2. A chive magnified.
3. Empalement, seed-bud, and pointal.
4. A horizontal section of the fruit.
5. A female flower spread open.
This curious little species of Melon, although no new introduction to
the English gardens, is but rarely met with, yet well deserves a place
in every curious collection for the beauty and fragrance of its fruit;
which, when cut before quite ripe, will continue fragrant nearly a
fortnight. It is however only to be valued for its odour and beauty, the
flavour being insipid. It is said to have been first introduced by Lord
Petre, who sent the seeds from Morocco to Peter Collinson, F.R.S. It is
also cultivated in Persia, and a figure of the fruit taken there is
given in Gmelin’s Travels, vol. iii. tab. 49. fig. 6. Its Hebrew
appellation of Dudaim seems to have been bestowed by Linnæus, from the
fantastical idea that it was the fruit mentioned in the Bible by the
name of mandrake, with which Jacob’s neglected wife purchased her
husband’s favours for one night of her rival. Another plant with
perennial roots descending 6 or 8 feet into the earth, was taken be his
pupil Hasselquist (sent to the East on purpose to illustrate the natural
history of that country) for the celebrated Dudaim;--Which is the right
one, let critics in Hebrew decide! The _Melo Ægypticus minor_ of
Tournefort, or Ægyptian Abdelavi, which Linnæus supposed to be the same
as the _Melo aurantii figura odoratissimus_ of Dillenius, and might
partly have occasioned the name, is a very different species. Indeed the
claim of our plant to Ægyptian origin seems doubtful, but we would
reluctantly change a name that has been applied for more than half a
century. Our specimens are from the collection of A. B. Lambert, esq.
[Illustration]
PLATE DXLIX.
PASCALIA GLAUCA.
_Glaucous-leaved Pascalia._
CLASS XIX. ORDER II.
_SYNGENESIA POLYGAMIA SUPERFLUA._ Tips united. Superfluous Pointals.
ESSENTIAL GENERIC CHARACTER.
RECEPTACULUM paleaceum.
SEMINA drupacea. Pappus margine dentatus. Calyx imbricatus.
RECEPTACLE chaffy.
SEEDS a ripe berry. Down toothed at the edge. Empalement tiled.
SPECIFIC CHARACTER.
PASCALIA foliis oppositis, tri-nervibus, glaucis patentibusque;
inferiora lato-lanceolatis, denticulatis, acutis, sæpius
integerrimis: floribus terminalibus, solitariis: corolla flava.
Habitat in regno Chilensi.
_Pascalia glauca Ortegæ Nov. rar. plant, tab. 4._
PASCALIA with opposite leaves, three-nerved, glaucous and
spreading; the lower ones are broadly lance-shaped, toothed, and
pointed, but often entire: flowers terminal and solitary: blossom
yellow.
Native of the Kingdom of Chili.
REFERENCE TO THE PLATE.
1. The empalement and receptacle.
2. A floret of the ray.
3. A floret of the disk, summit magnified.
4. Seed-bud and pointal.
The only figure of this syngenesious plant is in the new and rare plants
of Ortega, who named it after D. Didaco Pascal, a Spanish physician. It
is the only species of the genus yet known, and a fine living specimen
of it was communicated to us by Mr. Lambert, who raised it from seed
sent to him from Madrid by the late Cavanilles. It is perfectly hardy,
and the roots so durable and spreading that they are not easily
eradicated. It does not however bloom with equal facility, but seems to
want a warmer sun to aid its flowers in their expansion.
[Illustration]
PLATE DL.
HERMANNIA FLAMMEA.
_Flame-coloured Hermannia._
CLASS XVI. ORDER V.
_MONADELPHIA PENTAGYNIA._ One Brotherhood. Five Pointals.
ESSENTIAL GENERIC CHARACTER.
CALYX simplex, 5-fidus. Petala 5, spiraliter cucullata. Filamenta
lanceolata. Styli 5. Capsula 5-locularis, polysperma.
EMPALEMENT simple, 5-cleft. Petals 5, spiral and hooded. Filaments
lance-shaped. Shafts 5. Capsule 5-celled, many-seeded.
SPECIFIC CHARACTER.
HERMANNIA foliis cuneiformibus, apice dentatis: floribus ramos
terminantibus, spicatis, laxis.
Habitat in Caput Bonæ Spei.
_Hermannia flammea, Jacq. Hort. Schœn. vol. i. tab. 129._
HERMANNIA with wedge-shaped leaves, toothed at the end. Flowers
terminate the branches in loose spikes.
Native of the Cape of Good Hope.
REFERENCE TO THE PLATE.
1. The empalement
2. A petal.
3. The chives and pointal.
4. A chive magnified.
5. Seed-bud and pointal magnified.
6. A transverse section of the seed-bud magnified.
This species of Hermannia is figured in the Hortus Schœnbrunnensis of
Jacquin. We have adopted his specific title of flammea, but think the
plant would have been better marked by the appellation of ignescens;
particularly as we have seen it in bloom with scarcely any vestige of
yellow or flame colour on the petals, but always of a fine fiery red
colour. It is a very handsome hardy green-house shrub, and flowers from
June till January.
Our drawing was made from a plant in the nursery of Mr. Knight, King’s
Road, Chelsea.
[Illustration]
PLATE DLI.
LOPEZIA CORONATA.
_Coronet-flowering Lopezia._
CLASS I. ORDER I.
_MONANDRIA MONOGYNIA._ One Chive. One Pointal.
ESSENTIAL GENERIC CHARACTER.
CALYX 4-phyllus. Corolla 5-petala, inæqualis. Capsula 4-locularis,
4-valvis, polysperma.
EMPALEMENT 4-leaved. Blossom 5-petaled, unequal. Capsule 4-celled,
4-valved, many seeded.
SPECIFIC CHARACTER.
LOPEZIA ramis longis, simplicibus, adscendentibus: foliis
sub-ovatis, acutis, dentatis, lucidis: petiolis decurrentibus:
floribus axillaribus, in umbellis terminalibus.
LOPEZIA with long, simple, ascending branches. Leaves nearly ovate,
pointed, toothed, and shining, with decurrent footstalks. Flowers
growing from the axillæ of the leaves, and terminate the branches
in umbels.
REFERENCE TO THE PLATE.
1. The empalement.
2. The chives and pointal, with the lower petal magnified.
3. The capsule cut transversely.
4. A seed.
The Lopezia coronata is a hardy little annual, of recent introduction,
and a lively addition to this short genus, which at present contains but
two species besides the one now figured. We have seen them all three in
fine bloom in several collections. Our figure represents a branch from a
plant in the conservatory of the Countess de Vandes, where we observed
the side petals of many of the flowers of a pure white at the ends,
which gave them a very singular and different appearance from plants of
the same description we have seen elsewhere: and Mr. Fordyce the botanic
gardener informs me it was always the character of his plant, after it
had been some time in flower, for the large petals to acquire a white
appearance, as if bleached, previous to their going out of bloom. We
have therefore left one flower in that state in our specimen, to
delineate the variation incidental to the plant from which our figure
was taken.
[Illustration]
PLATE DLII.
HYPERICUM VIRGINICUM.
_Virginia Hypericum._
CLASS XVIII. ORDER IV.
_POLYADELPHIA POLYANDRIA._ Many Brotherhoods. Many Males.
GENERIC CHARACTER.
CALYX 5-partita. Corolla 5-petala. Filamenta multa, in 5 phalanges,
basi connata. Capsula locularis.
EMPALEMENT 5-parted. Blossom 5-petalled. Threads many, conjoined at
the base, in 5 squadrons. Capsule celled.
SPECIFIC CHARACTER.
HYPERICUM floribus trigynis, enneandris, terminalibus; foliis
ellipticis, obtusis, sub-cordatis, amplexicaulibus: caule herbaceo.
HYPERICUM with flowers three-styled, nine-chived, and terminal.
Leaves elliptic, obtuse, nearly heart-shaped, and embracing the
stem. Stem herbaceous.
REFERENCE TO THE PLATE.
1. The empalement.
2. A petal.
3. The chives and pointals, one tip magnified.
4. The pointals.
5. The same cut transversely and magnified.
This hardy little herbaceous plant was introduced by Mr. Lyons from
America about the year 1804. There is no figure of it extant that we
know of. Willdenow in his Species Plantarum has enumerated eighty-eight
species of Hypericum; but amongst that number three distinct genera are
certainly included. Our drawing was made from plants in the nursery of
Messrs. Whitley and Brames, who raised them from seed, and with whom
they flowered the second year. Their bloom is but of short duration, but
few flowers are open at one time; and we are inclined to think that they
will expand with more freedom and last longer in a shady situation than
when fully exposed to the solar ray.
[Illustration]
INDEX
TO THE PLANTS CONTAINED IN VOL. VIII.
Plate 493 Bignonia grandiflora Large-flowered Bignonia G. H. Shrub. September.
494 Scutellaria serrata Sawed-leaved Scutellaria Har. Herb. May.
495 Protea corymbosa Corymbose-flowering Protea G. H. Shrub. July.
496 Jasminum multiflorum Many-flowered Jasmine H. H. Shrub. All Summer.
497 Jasminum sambac, _Var. flore pleno_ Indian Jasmine, _Full-flowered Variety_ H. H. Shrub. All Summer.
498 Hibiscus pruriens Stinging Hibiscus H. H. Shrub. July.
499 Ipomæa coccinea Scarlet Ipomæa H. H. Shrub. July.
500 Protea mucronifolia Mucronate-leaved Protea G. H. Shrub. August.
501 Hellenia Allugas Ceylon Hellenia H. H. Shrub. July.
502 Lobelia surinamensis,
_Var. flore rubro_ Surinam Lobelia, _Red-flowered Variety_ H. H. Shrub. September.
503 Nymphæa rubra Red-flowered Nymphæa H. H. Aquatic. August.
504 Solanum Seaforthianum Seaforth’s Solanum G. H. Shrub. August.
505 Ornithogalum flavissimum Yellow-flowered Star of Bethlehem G. H. Bulb. July.
506 Ruellia cristata Crested Ruellia H. H. Shrub. August.
507 Protea abrotanifolia Southernwood-leaved Protea G. H. Shrub. August.
508 Cactus grandiflorus Large-flowered Cereus H. H. Shrub. August.
509 Gentiana fimbriata Fringed-flowered Gentian G. H. Shrub. July.
510 Aspalathus globosus Round-flowering Aspalathus G. H. Shrub. July.
511 Solanum betaceum Beet-like Solanum G. H. Shrub. August.
512 Protea pinnata Winged-leaved Protea G. H. Shrub. July.
513 Cactus hexagonus Great Torch Thistle H. H. Shrub. August.
514 Pæonia anomala Anomalous-leaved Pæony Har. Shrub. July.
515 Cynanchum mucronatum Mucronate-leaved Cynanchum H. H. Shrub. August.
516 Astragalus villosus Hairy Astragalus Har. Herb. July.
517 Protea imbricata Imbricated-leaved Protea G. H. Shrub. September.
518 Magnolia grandiflora Large-flowered Magnolia Har. Tree. All Summer.
519 Commersonia echinata Bristly-fruited Commersonia H. H. Tree. All Summer.
520 Euosma albiflora White-flowered Euosma Har. Shrub. June.
521 Eriospermum folioliferum Leaflet-bearing Eriospermum G. H. Shrub. August.
522 Protea abrotanifolia hirta Hairy Southernwood Protea G. H. Shrub. August.
523 Gorteria pavonia Peacock Gorteria G. H. Herb. July.
524 Lachnæa Buxifolia Box-leaved Lachnæa G. H. Shrub. August.
525 Podalyria hirsuta Hairy Podalyria G. H. Shrub. August.
526 Protea cespitosa Turfy Protea G. H. Shrub. September.
527 Ruellia fulgida Bright-flowered Ruellia H. H. Shrub. All Summer.
528 Ornithogalum elatum Lofty Ornithogalum H. H. Bulb. August.
529 Nitraria Schoberi Schober’s Nitraria Har. Shrub. August.
530 Bignonia uncata Hooked Bignonia H. H. Shrub. August.
531 Veronica Derwentia New Holland Veronica G. H. Shrub. September.
532 Protea humiflora Low-flowering Protea G. H. Shrub. August.
533 Cactus coccinellifer Cochineal Torch Thistle H. H. Shrub. September.
534 Juniperus Daurica Daurian Juniper Har. Shrub. August.
535 Tropæolum pinnatum Winged Nasturtium G. H. Shrub. September.
536 Protea abrotanifolia, minor Small Southernwood-leaved Protea G. H. Shrub. August.
537 Origanum Tournefortii Tournefort’s Origanum G. H. Shrub. September.
538 Vanilla planifolia Flat-leaved Vanilla H. H. Shrub. September.
539 Calycanthus fertilis Fruitful Allspice G. H. Shrub. September.
540 Mesembryanthemum heterophyllum Various-leaved Mesembryanthemum G. H. Shrub. September.
541 Protea conifera Cone-bearing Protea G. H. Shrub. August.
542 Ruellia infundibuliformis Funnel-flowered Ruellia H. H. Shrub. Sum. & autumn
543 Protea speciosa patens Spreading Showy Protea G. H. Shrub. August.
544 Mimosa pudica Bashful Mimosa H. H. Shrub. All Summer.
545 Protea abrotanifolia odorata Sweet-scented Southernwood-leaved P. G. H. Shrub. August.
546 Monarda punctata Dotted-flowered Monarda Har. Herb. Autumn.
547 Passiflora perfoliata Perfoliate-leaved Passion-flower H. H. Shrub. September.
548 Cucumis Dudaim Sweet-scented Melon H. H. Shrub. September.
549 Pascalia glauca Glaucous-leaved Pascalia Har. Shrub. August.
550 Hermannia flammea Flame-coloured Hermannia G. H. Shrub. Sum. & autumn.
551 Lopezia coronata Coronet-flowered Lopezia G. H. Shrub. All Summer.
552 Hypericum Virginicum Virginia Hypericum Har. Herb. August.
ERRATA.
Plate 494 in generic character, for _os_ the mouth, read _oris_ the border.
Nitraria Schoberi for 530, read 529.
531 for Veronica Derwentia, read Veronica Derwentiana.