In regard to the ordinary singularities, we have

m, the order,

n " class,

[delta] " number of double points,

[kappa] " " cusps,

[tau] " " double tangents,

[iota] " " inflections;

and this being so, Plucker's "six equations" are

(1) n = m(m - 1) - 2[delta] - 3[kappa],

(2) [iota] = 3m(m - 2) - 6[delta] - 8[kappa],

(3) [tau] = 1/2m(m - 2)(m^2 - 9) - (m^2 - m - 6)(2[delta] + 3[kappa])

+ 2[delta]([delta] - 1)

+ 6[delta][kappa] + (9/2)[kappa]([kappa] - 1),

(4) m = n(n - 1) - 2[tau] - 3[iota],

(5) [kappa] = 3n(n - 2) - 6[tau] - 8[iota],

(6) [delta] = 1/2n(n - 2)(n^2 - 9) - (n^2 - n - 6)(2[tau] + 3[iota])

+ 2[tau]([tau] - 1) + 6[tau][iota]

+ (9/2)[iota]([iota] - i).

Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, "Cube" to "Daguerre, Louis Jacques Mandé" Volume 7, Slice 8 · 第 18 / 38 题