1st, Thrushes at intervals. Coquet L.H., March 20th, all day. Autumn:
Aug. 21st, Spurn, already on the move up the coast; sparingly at coast
stations in September, but large numbers throughout October. A rush on
to coast from the Farn Islands to Yarmouth between the 18th and 24th of
Oct., and again from Nov. 4th to 12th. Great Cotes, Nov. 22nd, a rush.
Many also came in at Whitby on Jan. 10th, 1885. Heligoland, Sept. 18th,
first, and a few through the month; throughout October, but in less
number from the 22nd to 30th, and on to Nov. 10th; great many 22nd and
28th, and a few at intervals to Dec. 24th.
_T. iliacus_, Redwing.--Spring, 1884: Longstone L.H., March 14th,
S. misty, several round lantern. Autumn: Spurn, a few in the last
fortnight in September. Isle of Thanet, Sept. 30th, first. Between the
Farn Islands and Hasborough L.V. at various stations from Oct. 1st to
Nov. 15th; rushes on Oct. 21st to 24th, wind S. and S.W., and Nov.
12th, 13th and 15th. Heligoland, Oct. 7th to 18th; 19th, early, flights
of hundreds; 22nd and 23rd, great numbers; last on Nov. 16th.
_T. pilaris_, Fieldfare.--Spring, 1884: Last at the Spurn, twenty on
May 9th. Autumn: The first at Farn L.H. Oct. 15th, and between this
date to Jan. 10th, 1885, at intervals at stations covering the whole
east coast. In fact, since the middle of October to the second week
in the new year, Fieldfares, Red-wings, Thrushes and Blackbirds, have
been coming in at intervals, young birds first, and the old later in
the year. Unusually large flights of Fieldfares are recorded at inland
stations in December and January. Heligoland, Oct. 14th, first; 19th,
early, flights of hundreds; 29th, great many, also caught at night at
lighthouse; Nov. 22nd and 28th, great many; also Dec. 1st, 24th, and
30th (S.W. still overcast), on the latter day very large numbers.
_T. varius_, White Thrush.--Heligoland, Oct. 3rd, one caught; 23rd, one
seen (certain).
_T. migratorius_, Red-breasted Thrush.--Heligoland, Oct. 14th, N.W.,
windy and rain, one seen in cliff, quite close.
_T. merula_, Blackbird.--Spring, 1884: At the Northumberland stations
from March 14th to 20th, many, wind W. and S.W. Orfordness L.H., May
18th, 6 p.m., three struck. Autumn: Great Cotes, Sept. 12th, some young
cocks. At numerous stations between the Farn Islands and Hanois L.H.,
Guernsey, in October, and marvellous numbers in November with the like
lateral range; Nov. 11th, 12th, and 13th, an almost continuous rush
night and day, with S.E. winds and a low pressure area in Western
Europe.[28] Great Cotes, Nov. 26th, first old cocks with yellow bills.
Hasborough L.V., Jan. 19th and 20th, 1885, easterly winds, Blackbirds
all night. Farn L.H., Jan. 6th to 19th, several on island. Longstone
L.H., Jan. 4th, N., rain, passing to land. Migration much in excess of
previous reports. Heligoland, first, Oct. 11th, and at intervals to
Nov. 5th, up to which date no old cock had been seen; last on Nov. 10th
and 12th. The migration of this species at Heligoland is very light
compared with the English coast.
[Footnote 28: This rush appears to have, in a greater or less
degree, covered the whole of the east coast. At the Longstone L.H.,
Farn Islands, it is recorded by our observer, Mr. T. O. Hall, as
follows:--"Nov. 10th, all kinds of small birds coming all day, one
Snipe seen, wind southerly, hazy weather; at 8 a.m., three grey crows
to E. 11th, birds still coming, all kinds, or rather the small kind,
two Snipe, and one Woodcock. 12th, great rush of Blackbirds, Ouzel, a
few Mistletoe Thrushes., Redwings, Lapwings, Grey and Golden Plover, as
well as Woodcock and Snipe. This is the greatest rush of the season,
and lasted all day up to 10 p.m.; complete absence of Starlings; wind
all day from S. to S. by W., after midnight changing to N.W." There was
no corresponding rush across Heligoland during the same period.]
_T. torquatus_, Ring Ouzel.--Spring, 1884: Farn Islands, March 23rd
to 29th, a few. Autumn: first seen, Sept. 9th, Spurn, some. Redcar,
Oct. 24th to 26th, a few. Longstone L.H., Nov. 12th, rush. Migration
considerably under average. Heligoland, Sept. 16th, some; 17th,
sprinkling; 19th, pretty numerous; Oct. 11th, first old birds; last
observed, Nov. 22nd.
_Saxicola œnanthe_, Wheatear.--Spring, 1884: March 19th, Farn L.H.,
first. Hanois L.H., Guernsey, 28th and 30th, midnight, many round
lantern; April 7th, many during morning in two's and three's, to W.;
18th and 21st, the same. Farn Islands and Teesmouth, May 3rd to 17th,
many going S.E. to N.W. Autumn: Farn L.H., between August 6th first, to
Redcar, Oct. 26th last, great migration along the coast between these
dates, from north to south, both of home birds and others which had
crossed the North Sea. Spurn, Sept. 13th, "rush," many all day; last
Wheatear seen in Great Cotes marshes, near the Humber, on November
7th. Heligoland, August 1st and 3rd, a few; 5th, twenty or so, and
then a considerable migration to the 22nd, when the movement for the
time ceased, commencing again on the 27th, and was continued through
September to the 19th; the first old birds on October 3rd, and again
some young on the 12th, when the passage appears to have ceased.
Immense numbers covered the island on the 12th of Sept. and three
following days, wind E.S.E., clear and fine.
_S. stapazina_, Black-throated Wheatear.--Heligoland, Oct. 2nd, one,
probable, not obtained.
_Pratincola rubetra_, Whinchat.--No English notes. Heligoland, August
15th, some on cliff; 17th, great numbers; 18th and 19th, the same, and
on to the end of the month, through September to the 18th, when the
migration ceased; astounding numbers with others on the 14th and 15th
Sept.
_P. rubicola_, Stonechat.--Spurn, August 29th, considerable immigration
of young birds; Sept. 26th, many old. In North-east Lincolnshire we
have had a sprinkling of old birds about the sheep-folds in turnip
fields all through the winter.
_Ruticilla phœnicurus_, Redstart.--Spring: Farn Islands, April 7th,
one; 29th, S.E., many. Malmo, Sweden, May 5th, two or three in garden.
Autumn: Spurn, Aug. 25th, first, to Thanet, Oct. 5th, last on passage
up coast; rushes on Sept. 4th, 11th, 12th, and 17th. Heligoland, August
11th, first, young birds; enormous passage on 20th and 21st, easterly,
hot and fine; through September, and an astounding rush from the 12th
to the 15th; last, Oct. 1st and 2nd.
_R. titys_, Black Redstart.--One, as reported by Mr. Gurney, shot at
Blakeney, about the middle of October, by Mr. Seebohm. Heligoland, Oct.
23rd, some; 25th, less. Three to four weeks later in migration than
Common Redstart.
_Cyanecula suecica_, Arctic Bluethroat.--Cley and Blakeney (as observed
by Mr. F. D. Power), September 8th, W.N.W., one; 11th, E. to N.N.E.,
one shot showing red spot fairly well; 12th, E. to N., eighty to one
hundred, also many Redstarts,--examples obtained were immature, and
in the proportion of six males to one female; 13th, E.N.E., about
four dozen left on banks; 15th, E., eight or ten; 16th, S.E., and
later N.E., four or five. Spurn, Sept. 15th, two seen, one shot; 18th,
three shot and others seen. Isle of Thanet, Sept. 15th, two seen on
some arable land by Lord Clifton. Heligoland, Aug. 31st, some young;
Sept. 1st and 3rd, pretty numerous; 9th and 10th, very many; 11th and
12th, very great numbers, and less to 18th; 19th and 20th, many. It
is interesting to compare these dates with the arrival on the English
coast.
_Erithacus rubecula_, Redbreast.--Spring: Farn Islands, March 11th,
several. Longstone L.H., April 28th, E.N.E., two. Autumn: At several
stations between the Farns and mouth of Thames; first at Shipwash
L.V. August 14th, large numbers at noon to W.; the last at Hasborough
L.V., Nov. 12th, one at night on deck. Heligoland, Sept. 19th, a few;
21st, great many, and on to the end of month, and at intervals through
October to November 12th, rush, if any, Oct. 12th. Migration appears to
have ceased at the same date both on English coast and at Heligoland.
_Sylvia cinerea_, Whitethroat.--Heligoland, Aug. 19th, young, the
first, very red; 21st and 23rd, a few; Sept. 11th, some.
_S. atricapilla_, Blackcap.--Spring: Farn L.H. April 29th, several.
Autumn: Thanet, Sept. 3rd to 5th. Heligoland, Oct. 12th, a few.
_S. hortensis_, Garden Warbler.--Spring: Malmo, Sweden, May 14th.
Autumn: Thanet, Sept, 3rd to 13th. Spurn L.H., 17th, S.E., one
struck and killed, several seen on following day; many Redstarts,
Pied Flycatchers, and Bluethroats, also arriving on night of 17th.
Heligoland, Aug. 27th, a few (no _curruca_); Sept. 1st and 9th.
_S. nisoria_, Barred Warbler.--Spurn, Aug. 28th, one, a female of the
year, obtained by Mr. Slater (See 'Zoologist, 1884, p. 489). Cley,
Norfolk, Sept. 4th, N.E., one, which was also an immature female, shot
by Mr. F. D. Power.[29]
[Footnote 29: This makes the third occurrence of the Barred Warbler in
the British Isles. The first is recorded near Cambridge by Professor
Newton, Proc. Zool. Soc, 1879, p. 219.]
_Regulus cristatus_, Goldcrest.--Spring: One recorded from Spurn,
Coquet, and Farn Islands, last fortnight in March, and at the Longstone
L.H., one on April 28th. Autumn: First at Redcar, August 28th, and last
at Great Cotes, early morning of Nov. 22nd, N.E., blowing strong on
previous night; the migration covering eighty-seven days, and extending
over the whole coast between the Farn Islands and Hanois L.H.,
Guernsey. Bushes took place on August 14th, Sept. 27th to 30th, Oct.
21st to 22nd, and Nov. 16th. At Hanois L.H., Sept. 30th, from 2 a.m.,
the windows of the lantern were crowded with Goldcrests. On Oct. 21st
and 22nd, great numbers each night round the lanterns of Dudgeon and
Leman and Ower L.V.'s, wind S.S.E., and on Nov. 16th many during night
round the lantern of Hanois L.H. Malmo, Sweden, Sept. 22nd, in flocks,
but only remained one day. Heligoland, Oct. 3rd, great many; 8th, many
during afternoon, and at intervals to 25th; greatest number on 12th and
25th Oct.; migration very small compared with the English coast. Great
Cotes, March 8th, 1885, Goldcrests on return migration to coast.
_R. ignicapillus_, Firecrest.--Heligoland, Oct. 25th, some.
_Phylloscopus rufus_, Chiffchaff.--The earliest spring occurrence is
Haileybury College, March 17th, four Chiffchaffs and two Willow Wrens.
Autumn: Spurn, August 25th, two. Heligoland, Sept. 15th, commencing,
and a few at intervals to Oct. 25th.
_P. trochilus_, Willow Wren.--Isle of Thanet, July 31st, on autumn
passage. Spurn, August 20th to Sept. 10th, constantly in small numbers,
working southward up the coast. Heligoland, Aug. 4th, young pretty
numerous, and at intervals to Sept. 18th; rushes August 17th and 21st;
Sept. 10th to 15th, very great numbers.
_P. sibilatrix_, Wood Wren.--Thanet, Aug. 5th to 30th, on passage.
_Hypolais icterina_, Icterine Warbler.--Cley, Norfolk, Sept. 11th, E.
to N.N.E., one obtained by Mr. F. D. Power. Heligoland, Aug. 18th,
S.E., with Pied Flycatchers and Whinchats, numbers.
_Acrocephalus phragmitis_, Sedge Warbler.--Spurn L.H., Aug. 21st, three
struck and two killed at midnight; from Aug. 20th to Sept. 10th is
noted, by Mr. Slater, as the commonest of the Warblers there, found
amongst _Scirpus maritimus_ and in every ditch. Heligoland, Aug. 11th,
some.
_Locustella nævia_, Grasshopper Warbler.--Heligoland, Sept. 10th,
S.E., slight, a few, with a crowd of Pied Flycatchers, Willow Wrens,
Redstarts, Bluethroats, Ortolan Buntings, Blue-headed Yellow Wagtails,
Tree and Meadow Pipits, Wheatears, and Whinchats.
_Accentor modularis_, Hedgesparrow.--Spurn, Aug. 20th, and through
September abundant at intervals. Tees L.V., 21st, two, with a Linnet,
Redbreast and Titlark on board, leaving to N.W. at 7 a.m. Spurn and
Great Cotes, 23rd to 26th, swarming. Heligoland, Sept. 18th, some, the
first; 21st and 30th, pretty numerous; at intervals in October to 24th.
_Acredula rosea_, British Long-tailed Titmouse.--Thanet, Oct. 15th,
"one flock, the only one seen this autumn." Redcar, Oct. 22nd, 6.30
a.m., flock of twenty to S.W.
_Parus major_ and _cæruleus_, Great Titmouse and Blue Titmouse.--Great
Cotes, Sept. 15th and 18th, both very plentiful. Redcar, Nov. 15th,
S.E., moderate, a few Blue Tits. None over Heligoland this autumn,
which is somewhat remarkable; the same applies to _Parus ater_.
_Troglodytes parvulus_, Wren.--Spring: Farn Islands, through March to
April 3rd, several. Spurn, 27th, 6 p.m., two. Outer Dowsing L.V., May
12th, four on board. Autumn: Shipwash L.V., Aug. 14th, large numbers,
with Redstarts, at noon to W.N.W. Flamborough L.H., Aug. 19th, 11.30
p.m., Wrens and Wheatears, six or eight struck. Some observed at
Spurn, Outer Dowsing, Hasbro', and Shipwash, L.VS., in September. Are
last recorded at Hanois L.V., Oct. 24th, 1 a.m., S.S.E., Wrens round
lantern; and a single bird on the 26th at the Cockle L.V. Heligoland,
Oct. 2nd, pretty numerous; 3rd, great many; 7th, less; 8th, in
afternoon, many; 21st, some; 25th, great many.
_Motacilla alba_, White Wagtail.--Heligoland, Aug. 23rd, pretty many
young; Sept. 30th, some; Oct. 3rd, old birds.
_M. lugubris_, Pied Wagtail.--Spring: Farn L.H., March 8th, a pair.
Whitby L.H., 16th, the first seen, at daylight. Tees L.V., 24th, four
to N.W. Coquet L.H., April 6th, a pair. Autumn: Spurn, Sept. 1st, flock
of about sixty. Heligoland, Oct. 16th, one.
_M. melanope_, Grey Wagtail.--Thanet, Aug. 29th, first seen. Spurn, a
few during September. Great Cotes, Sept. 11th, young birds swarming in
bean-fields;[30] 27th, some. October, old birds very plentiful.
[Footnote 30: Bean-fields near the coast are always a very favourite
haunt in the early autumn of the soft-billed insect-feeders. I have
frequently at this season found such places swarming with various
Warblers, Wagtails, and Pipits, the situation affording the very best
cover as well as an abundance of food in the numerous insects and their
larvæ which infest the bean plant in its latter growth.]
_M. flava_, Blue-headed Yellow Wagtail.--Thanet, Aug. 16th, 5 p.m.,
one. Heligoland, Aug. 21st, a few for some days past, and at intervals
to the end of the month; immense numbers between the 10th and 15th of
September; 16th to 18th, less; and afterwards still less up to the 30th.
_Anthus pratensis_, Meadow Pipit.--Spring: Farn L.H., April 2nd, 10
a.m. to noon, S.S.E., flocks going west. Autumn: Cley, Norfolk, Sept.
17th, great arrival. Spurn and North-east Lincolnshire, 23rd to 26th,
immense numbers, turnip and potato fields crowded. Farn L.H., Dec.
14th, large flock to S.W. Heligoland, Sept. 4th, hundreds of thousands,
all in great haste, the rest of the month a great many each day; very
large number in October, from the 1st to the 12th, and then less up to
the 25th; the last on Nov. 16th.
_A. cervinus_, Red-throated Pipit.--Heligoland, Sept. 15th, two or
three seen and heard by C. Aückens, the Heligoland birdstuffer; 16th,
one shot; 18th, one shot, a young bird, another heard; 19th, two shot,
more seen; 20th, three seen; Sept. 30th and Oct. 1st and 12th, one each
day.
_A. trivialis_, Tree Pipit.--Spurn, Aug. 20th to Sept. 10th, common.
Thanet, Sept. 3rd to 14th. Heligoland, Aug. 16th, a few, the first,
and at intervals to end of month; from Sept. 4th to 14th, very great
numbers; particularly on the 12th, 13th, and 14th, enormous numbers
passing, then in less numbers to the end of the month; Oct. 1st and
2nd, still a few.
_A. campestris_, Tawny Pipit.--Heligoland, Sept. 4th, E.S.E., strong,
one, came with the great rush of _A. pratensis_ and _trivialis_.
_A. richardi_, Richard's Pipit.--Heligoland, Sept. 3rd, 4th, 5th, and
25th, Oct. 3rd and 6th, one each day; Oct. 12th, two.
_A. obscurus_, Rock Pipit.--Spurn, Sept. 27th, in pairs, passing
southward. Cley, Norfolk, October, 3rd week, about 400 seen by Mr.
Gurney. Yarmouth, November, last week, great many, eighteen caught
alive in clap-nets. The main body pass south up the coast during the
last fortnight in October. Heligoland, _A. rupestris_ (Nilsson), Sept.
9th, a few; Oct. 9th to 14th, and last on 19th; greatest numbers on
Oct. 11th, 12th, and 19th.
_Lanius excubitor_, Great Grey Shrike.--Spurn, Oct. 8th and Nov. 30th,
one each day. Near Brigg, Lincolnshire, Oct. 18th, one. Thanet, Nov.
20th, 3.30 p.m., N.W., wet and windy, one. Heligoland, Oct. 6th, one;
15th, three; 22nd, one. Cromer, March 23rd, 1885, one shot, close by
was a Hedgesparrow it had suspended (J. H. G.).
_L. major_, Pallas's Great Grey Shrike.--Heligoland, Sept. 17th, one;
30th, two; Oct. 11th, one; 12th, one; 16th, one, very fine example;
22nd, ten or twelve, six caught; Nov. 4th, one.
_L. collurio_, Red-backed Shrike.--Heligoland, Aug. 23rd, a few young
birds; one, an immature bird, shot in Holderness on Aug. 19th.
_Muscicapa grisola_, Spotted Flycatcher.--Numerous entries in
the schedules of "Flycatchers," a general name for all the small
insect-feeders; it is impossible to pick out those which refer to
this species exclusively. Heligoland, Aug. 21st, some, the first, and
sparingly in September to the 17th.
_M. atricapilla_, Pied Flycatcher.--Spring: Malmo, Sweden, May 6th,
two. Autumn: Thanet, Aug. 10th, first; Sept. 10th, swarmed; 30th, last
seen. Spurn, Sept. 4th, first. Cley, Norfolk, the same date, one shot,
another seen. Great Cotes, Sept. 13th E., first seen. Spurn, 17th,
great many. Heligoland, Aug. 10th, some, the first; 11th, 12th, 13th,
and 17th, pretty numerous; and an enormous rush, 18th to 21st; again,
from the 10th to the 15th of September, in marvellous numbers; less to
18th, when migration ceased.
_Hirundo rustica_, Swallow.--Spring: Hanois L.H., April 7th, two,
Flamborough and Whitby on the 8th, and Farn Islands on the 9th, a
gradual movement north, at the rate of 150 English miles a day. Malmo,
Sweden, first, on April 21st. Great numbers were observed at Hanois
L.H., passing north up to May 11th; and at the Tees L.V., on the 8th,
9th, 11th, and 17th of May, large numbers all day from S.E. to N.W.
Languard L.H., June 21st, a flock too numerous to count. Autumn: Tees
L.V., July 1st, six, at 9.30 p.m., came on board and remained all
night. From the middle of August and throughout September Swallows were
passing south up the coast in parties of five to fifteen, and at Spurn,
on Sept. 26th, 27th, 28th, continuous each day by two's and three's. In
North-east Lincolnshire, some on Nov. 3rd. The last reported is from
the Farn Islands, a single bird, on Nov. 8th. Heligoland, Sept. 4th,
astounding numbers.
_Chelidon urbica_, Martin.--Spring: Outer Dowsing L.V., May 12th, four
to W. Languard L.H., July 16th, all day, far too numerous to count.
Heligoland, Sept. 3rd, 10 p.m., great many; 4th, astounding numbers.
_Cotile riparia_, Sand Martin.--Spring: Malmo, Sweden, May 14th, first.
Autumn: Spurn, Aug. 25th, one; 26th, three; 27th, hundreds, after this
in less numbers to Sept. 3rd; 26th, 27th, and 28th, still a few, with
Swallows, each day to the south. Heligoland, October 1st, in great
haste passing on.
_Carduelis elegans_, Goldfinch.--Orfordness L.H., Jan. 12th, 1885,
flock of fifteen to twenty, one caught. Heligoland, Nov. 28th, 29th,
30th, some, with the great rush of Greenfinches; Siskin (_Chry.
spinus_), Nov. 1st, some.
_Ligurinus chloris_, Greenfinch.--Great Cotes, Oct. 7th, great many in
flocks. Immense numbers crossed Heligoland between the 28th of November
and 26th of December: "Enormous numbers all the month, more than ever
seen before." The greatest flights, Nov. 28th to 30th and Dec. 20th
to 26th. Unusually large numbers are recorded by Mr. J. H. Gurney
['Zoologist,' 1885, p. 150], about Norwich and also about Brighton in
the winter of 1884-5.
_Coccothraustes vulgaris_, Hawfinch.--Inner Dowsing L.V., Oct. 22nd,
4 p.m., "one on board, and then to W." This is the third year in
succession that this species has occurred at this station. In 1882, on
Oct. 20th, two on board all night; and in 1883, on Nov. 2nd, one struck
the lantern.
_Passer domesticus_, House Sparrow.--Spring: Outer Dowsing L.V., April
9th, six on board. In the autumn great numbers are recorded at stations
between the Tees L.V. and Hanois L.H., Guernsey, between Sept. 9th
and Nov. 25th, the bulk crossing south of the Humber; rush, Oct. 14th
and 15th, and on to the 19th. Shipwash L.V., Oct. 14th, large numbers
to W.N.W. Kentish Knock L.V., 15th, all day, "hundreds on board, many
dropping into the sea." Goodwin L.V., 15th, 21st, and 25th, shoals.
Hanois L.V., 18th, 9 to 12 a.m., flocks, thirty to forty, to south; and
many other notices too numerous to mention. Heligoland, Aug. 21st, a
flight, the first; 22nd, the same; Sept. 30th, several great flights.
_P. montanus_, Tree Sparrow.--The migration covered the whole of the
East coast, the bulk crossing south of the Humber. First recorded at
Whitby L.H., Sept. 9th, immense flocks of both the Tree and Common
Sparrow, and from this date up to Nov. 25th at the majority of the
East coast stations, ten of them light-vessels. Rushes, Shipwash L.V.,
Oct. 15th, continuous all day. Leman and Ower L.V., Nov. 4th, 3 p.m.,
great numbers, E. to N.W., thirty coming on board. Great Cotes, 25th,
flock of 500 to 600. Heligoland, Oct. 22nd, great many; Nov. 1st, smart
migration.
_Fringilla cœlebs_, Chaffinch.--The migration is very extensive, and
covers the whole of the East coast, the bulk, as in the two preceding
cases, crossing south of the Humber. Through September and October
immense numbers are recorded as crossing, the first flocks young of
both sexes and old females; old cocks later. Rushes, Farn Islands, Oct.
16th. Orfordness L.H., 15th and 18th. Hasbro' L.V., 21st, all night.
Farns and Hasbro' L.V., Nov. 2nd; also at Redcar, Nov. 20th, N.E.,
very stormy. Direction of flight W. to W.S.W. Heligoland, an immense
migration at intervals, between Sept. 19th and Nov. 1st; great rushes,
Sept. 29th, and Oct. 1st, 23rd, and 24th. On Feb. 22nd, 1885, very
large flights in Great Cotes, marshes apparently composed entirely of
the young of the previous year, the young cocks being in every stage of
development to the mature summer plumage.
_Fringilla montifringilla_, Brambling.--Coast of Northumberland, Oct.
5th, first. Thanet, 20th, two; Nov. 11th, common; Dec. 3rd, first, in
small flocks. Heligoland, Sept. 19th, a few, and at intervals to Nov.
30th; rushes on 23rd and 24th of Oct., S.E., clear; and Nov. 30th,
southerly, with snow.
_Linota cannabina_, Linnet.--From Sept. 9th to the end of October in
great numbers, far too numerous to separately record. The immense
arrivals in the autumn appear to move gradually south up the coast,
comparatively few lingering in North-east Lincolnshire after the
completion of the stubble ploughing. Heligoland, Oct. 1st, some, and
to Dec. 1st; rushes on Oct. 2nd, astounding numbers; 24th, very great
many; and the three last days in November and first of December.
_L. rufescens_, Lesser Redpoll.--Heligoland, Nov. 22nd, one.
_L. flavirostris_, Twite.--Heligoland, Oct. 21st, flight, fifty to
sixty; 23rd, pretty numerous; 24th and 30th, great many; Dec. 1st, many.
_Carpodacus erythrinus_, Rosy Bullfinch.--Heligoland, Sep. 9th, E.N.E.,
one, young.
_Pyrrhula europæa_, Bullfinch.--Spring: Tees L.V., March 15th, one to
E.; April 3rd and 30th, one each night. Autumn: Same station, Oct. 8th,
two; Nov. 25th, one.
_Loxia curvirostra_, Crossbill.--Heligoland, Aug. 16th, N., eleven.
_Emberiza miliaria_, Corn Bunting.--Heligoland, Oct. 25th, ten to
twenty, "great many for this place;" Nov. 3rd, ten to fifteen. The Corn
Bunting is always a very scarce migrant across Heligoland.
_E. citrinella_, Yellowhammer.--Heligoland, Oct. 12th, some; and a few
at intervals to the 25th.
_E. hortulana_, Ortolan Bunting.--Cley, Norfolk, Sept. 12th, E. to N.,
one, an immature female, shot by Mr. F. D. Power. Heligoland, a very
large migration, commencing August 16th, and continued to Sept. 19th;
rushes on August 18th to 23rd and the 31st; Sept. 3rd, "a few fine old
males"; 4th, great many, all in great haste, and on the 5th again old
birds; Sept. 10th to 15th, enormous numbers, and then less to the 19th.
_E. pusilla_, Little Bunting.--Heligoland, Oct. 5th, N.E., fresh, two.