[1] See his Catalogo Abreviado de la Biblioteca Filipina (Madrid,
1898), pp. xxix-xxxi.
[2] These figures are given by Retana--a faulty enumeration, however,
in that they fail to include all the titles in his work. Thus
(p. 338), instead of a series-number we read four ciphers, to be met
with elsewhere the same as his bis mark (pp. 59, 90, 118, 565). Again
Mentrida's Arte and Diccionario of 1637, mentioned twice (Nos. 100,
173) have not been entered by Retana in his lists; neither has the
first edition (Tayabas, 1703,) of Santos' Tagal dictionary, (pp. 31,
32.). In reality then, instead of only 2697 titles in his Biblioteca,
one should count, I venture to guess, at least some twenty or thirty
more than are given.
[3] Biblioteca, vii-xi.
[4] Singularly varied are the names given by writers to this
dialect of Yap, as Bonabe, Bonibet, Bornabi, Funopet, Panapee,
Ponape, Puynipet, while to the French the island itself is known as
Ascension. (Art. "Caroline Islands," Encycl. Brit.)
[5] Read, however, his observations thereon in full in his Estadismo,
i, 426-429. The same opinion as to Aeta being mother-tongue in the
Philippines is pronounced also by Buzeta, ii, 49.
[6] Throughout this sketch, unless otherwise noted, I follow only
Spanish authorities.
[7] See the Augustinian Zuniga's Estadismo ii, *395, to which further
reference will be made.
[8] Estadismo, i, 426-429.
[9] For these usages, see Zuniga, Estadismo, i, 533-534.
[10] Various heathen rites, practised by these islanders, are
described in Buzeta (i, 60, etc.), as well as names of deities,
and other enormities of man's distortion of truth.
[11] Biblioteca, xxix-xxxi.
[12] Relative to this term bahaque, which I have met only once,
in the Historia Franciscana, (parte I, lib. i, cap. 39,) is the
following description of the black men, the Aetas, or negroes, of
Negros, "andan totalmente desnudos," (the author says,) "y solo traen
cubiertas las partes verendas con unos como Lienzos, tirantes de atras
a adelante, que se llamen Bahaques, los quales hacen de cortesas de
Arboles majadas con gran tiento, de modo que ay algunos, que parecen
Lienzo fino; y rodeandose por la Cintura un Bejuco, en el amarran el
Bahaque por sus dos extremos." See Zuniga, i, 423, wherefore, perhaps,
the significance of bahaque in the proverb.
[13] Retana's Appendix G, in Zuniga's Estadismo, ii, *492.
[14] This quotation is from page 28 of Apostolado de la Prensa, No. 82
(Madrid, 1898), which locates it in tome xiv, p. 541, of Reclus.
[15] In old Spanish chronicles it is a common thing to meet such titles
of these Indian rulers, as Ladia, Radia, Raxa, and Raja. Lacandola
was rajah of Manila.
[16] The Augustinian chronicler, Grijalva, is one of the earliest
writers to describe this rite, which, according to him, is performed as
follows: "La cerimonia se haze, sacando delos pechos delos que contraen
la amistad una poca de sangre, y mezelando la una, y la otra en un
poco de vino, le veuen por iguales partes los contrayentes." (Cronaca
del Orden, from 1533-1592, Mexico (in the Augustinian Convent),
1624.) Quotation from Zuniga, ii, 215. From Buzeta, i, 395, it appears
that blood-bargain was first entered into by Legazpi (in 1565) at
Bohol, with Chief Sicatuna.
[17] From the report of the Orphanage for 1897-1898, in Estado General,
Malabon, 1898.
[18] From the report of the Orphanage at Mandaloya, in Estado
(as ahead).
[19] See Appendix B, in Zuniga's Estadismo, ii, *105-*123, where
Retana has given, with a list of the early presses in the Philippines,
the names of the printers.
[20] Zuniga Estadismo, ii, 101.
[21] Provinces of the other friars in Malaysia (including the
Philippines) are entitled as follows: Augustinians--Most Holy Name of
Jesus; Franciscans--St. Gregory the Great; Hospitallers--St. Raphael
Archangel; Recoletos--St. Nicholas of Tolentino.
[22] Zuniga Estadismo, Appendice B, ii, *103, *104, and *115.
[23] Thus Retana, ii, *103 (as above).
[24] Zuniga Estadismo, ii, *350.
[25] Id., ii, *104-*105.
[26] Id., ii, *95-*100.
[27] For the original in full (too long to quote here) see Retana in
Estadismo (as above), ii, *95-*98, where it covers nearly three pages.
[28] The Jesuit Mission Press in Japan. 1591-1610. By Ernest Mason
Satow. [Privately printed.] 1888, where you will find reproduced in
photographic fac-simile the title-page of the above-named books.
[29] Zuniga, Estadismo, ii, *111-*112.