_Vanessa._
_V. Urticæ_, climatic variation, 60;
_V. Atalanta_, _Urticæ_, and _polychloros_, variable in two stages,
405;
_V. Io_, variable in one stage, 407.
Congruence and incongruence in genus, 446;
phyletic completeness of, 447;
arrangement of spines on larvæ, 448.
Variability, origin, 107;
limited, 114, 362, 653, 655;
independent in different stages, 402;
definition of, 404;
a relative term, 408;
causes of, in pupæ, 411;
primary and secondary, 416;
independent in different larval stages, 416;
phytophagic, 305, 531;
Von Hartmann’s views, 646;
not unlimited, 647, 652, 655, 683;
factors of, 676, 684;
mechanical theory of, 677;
individual, 681, 685.
Variation; climatic, 45, 686;
causes of, 105;
analogous, 683;
abrupt not inherited, 701.
Varieties, climatic, distinct from local, 45.
Velasco, Señor, Axolotl of L. St. Isabel, 626.
Vital force, phyletic, elimination of, 287;
objections to, 352, 461, 511, 518;
ontogenetic, abandonment of, 641, 687.