2. Vis formans, imaginatio = khayâl, muçawwirah, fantasia,
takhayyul, mutakhayyilah.
3. Vis cogitativa, vis imaginativa = mufakkirah, mutakhayyilah,
mutawahhimah, zânnah, mutaçarrifah, mutafakkirah, takhayyul.
4. Memory, remembering, preserving = hâfizah, mutazhakkirah,
zhâkirah, zhikr.
5. Vis existimativa, opinativa = wahm, mutawahhimah, zhânnah,
takhayyul, wahmiyyah.
Here follows an attempt to clear up this bewildering subject:
1. Perception, through any one or more of the five outward senses, of
the outward concrete form.
2. Conception of particular notions, over and beyond the concrete form
perceived.
3. Memory, which retains both outward forms perceived as well as
recalls inward particular forms conceived.
4. Common-Sense, rises a step higher than the three preceding, in that
it unites two or more of the products of any of the three preceding and
derives from them a new conception.
5. Opining, which rises higher still and passes judgment, or comes to a
definite opinion as to the truth or falsehood of conceptions formed.
In respect of memory, Ibn Sînâ in his «Kanon» of Medicine, makes a
distinction. He says: «And just here is a point for scrutiny and
judgment as to whether the preserving power and the power recalling (to
consciousness) such notions as had been stored up by the opining power
but have passed away from it, are one power or two.»
Here follows still another attempt: