_Stanleya glauca_ Rydberg, a remarkable cruciferous plant growing about
four miles north of Boulder, Colorado. Thinking to rear the adults,
the galls were placed in a bottle with some earth and watched for a
long time, but nothing appeared. Supposing the effort to have been
unsuccessful, I set the bottle aside; but long after discovered that
adults had eventually emerged, but had died and were covered with mold.
I was able to rescue sufficient fragments to make the drawings given
herewith, which, together with the larval characters, serve very well
to indicate the genus, with enough of the specific characters for ready
recognition. The species may be called
_Perrisia Stanleyae_ n. sp. (Cecidomyiidæ)
_Gall_: A swollen flower of _Stanleya glauca_, containing many pallid
larvæ. The sepals are thickened and enlarged.
_Larva_: With the skin strongly verrucose; breastbone of the same
general type as that of _P. fructicola_ Kieffer; caudal end with strong
spines.
_Male_: The characteristic genitalia and antennal joint are figured.
Hydroids of Laguna Beach
PROF. A. M. BEAN
PACIFIC UNIVERSITY, FOREST GROVE, OREGON
The identification of the hydroids included in this list was undertaken
while making a general collection of the marine forms of the Laguna
Beach region. The specimens were taken mostly from the miscellaneous
shore collections, and there is no claim to exhaustiveness. They were,
however, examined as fresh material, and nearly always with the living
polyp still present. There was abundant promise of opportunity for the
study of ecological and developmental problems, of which I was unable
at that time to take advantage.
The region covered included a strip of shore line of about two miles
in extent. Part of this is sandy beach which after a heavy tide would
often be covered by the laminæ and holdfasts of _Macrocystis_ and other
kelps, to which hydroids were generally attached. The remainder of the
shore was rocky and of a remarkably varied conformation, including tide
pools, deep channels, rock tables, mussel beds, and short stretches of
sand and pebbly beach. Scarcely any attempt was made at dredging, and
the shore itself was by no means completely searched.
GYMNOBLASTEA
Family PENNARIIDÆ
_Tubularia_ sp.
This single representative of the Gymnoblastea more nearly corresponds
to the _T. marina_ described by Torrey, '02. It is, however, much
smaller, the erect branches being scarcely ever as much as 15 mm. in
length, instead of 30-50 mm. The proximal tentacles are 28 and 29 in
number, instead of 22-26, described for _T. marina_. There is very
little appearance of annulation of the stem, and no evidence of the
"stem increasing in diameter distally." The habitat is also different.
_T. marina_ is given as growing "between tides on the lee side of rocks
exposed to the breakers of the open sea." The tubularian in question,
however, was found only clustered in among the rootlike holdfasts
of the _Macrocystis_ at a depth of four to six fathoms. Moreover _T.
marina_ is not reported as occurring farther south than Pacific Grove.
There seems to be some reason for considering this a new species, but
further investigation, and perhaps a study of comparative material,
will be necessary to determine its systematic position.
CALYPTOBLASTEA
Family SERTULARIIDÆ
_Sertularella tricuspidata_ (Alder)
_Sertularia furcata_ (Trask)
Both of the above forms were found on the washed-up holdfasts of
_Macrocystis_.
Family PLUMULARIIDÆ
_Aglaophenia inconspicua_ (Torrey '02)
Torrey's description gives "hydrocladia 3-4 mm. long." Out of a large
number examined, however, I found none with hydrocladia more than 1.5
mm.
_Aglaophenia struthionides_ (Murray)
Both _A. inconspicua_ and _A. struthionides_ were taken from the red
algæ brought in by the tides.
_Plumularia setacea_ (Ellis)
This form appears to have a wide variation in its bathymetric
distribution. Specimens were collected from the mussels which are
uncovered at mid-tide, and from the carapace of _Loxorhynchus grandis_,
a deep-sea crab that is only rarely brought to shore by the highest
tides.
_Plumularia lagenifera_ (Allman)
Found on kelp holdfasts.
_Antenella avalonia_ (Torrey)
Taken in tow-net from floating red algæ.
Family CAMPANULARIIDÆ
Mention may be made here of one of the Campanulariidæ recently sent me
by Professor Hilton of Pomona College, to whom thanks are due for many
courtesies. It does not appear to be any species yet reported from this
coast. Its identification, or at least an adequate description, must,
however, be postponed for a future paper.
Summer School at Laguna Beach
[Illustration: LAGUNA LABORATORY]
During the six weeks of summer school of the past season (1914) there
were in attendance about thirty students and investigators, some of
whom remained until the middle of September. In addition to these there
were several hundred visitors to the aquarium and laboratory, in spite
of the bad condition of the roads. After the middle of the summer
running salt water was piped to the laboratories and aquaria, so that
it was much easier to keep specimens alive. Yet even before this many
interesting forms were on exhibition. At all times there were numerous
marine animals for study, as well as many living land species, such
as tarantulas, lizards, frogs, a large turtle and a number of snakes.
Several rattlesnakes were kept in a box in the front of the building
until the end of the summer. Several of the largest rattlesnakes were
an unending source of interest. One day several people were able to
observe a king snake swallow a slightly smaller rattler.
[Illustration: IN LAGUNA CANYON]
[Illustration: SHORE NEAR SEAL ROCKS]
From day to day a varied display of marine forms was to be found in
the aquarium; at different times rare and curious fish, starfish, sea
urchins and devilfish, while now and then some of the larger specimens,
such as sharks and rays, were brought in. Some of these were kept
alive in the large cement floor tank or in the larger jars. Great
quantities of smaller specimens were no less interesting, such as sea
spiders, serpent stars of many beautiful colors and markings, brilliant
nudibranchs, large abalones, curious small crabs and, in fact, all the
interesting or beautiful specimens that could be found.
[Illustration: A COVE ABOVE LAGUNA]
[Illustration: A VIEW FROM ONE OF THE SHORE CAVES]
[Illustration: SEAL ROCKS IN THE DISTANCE]
Each week, until September, the public was also invited to attend the
evening lectures. These were usually of a general nature relating to
the life of the sea, but some told of land forms as well, and one was
on the Hopi Indian Snake Dance.
[Illustration: SHORE NEAR EMERALD BAY]
The chief work of the laboratory during the first six weeks was in
connection with the Summer School. There was a class of nine in General
Biology, twelve in General Zoology, and five in General Entomology.
There were, in addition, from six to twelve doing special work for a
longer or shorter period. Students from three Pacific coast colleges
were in attendance, although most of the students and advanced workers
were from Pomona College. Two or three studied special Histological or
Embryological topics, but the majority were interested in faunal and
distributional problems. As announced at an earlier time, the Laguna
station is but an extension of the Biological part of Pomona College,
and the plan for special work includes a survey of the whole region
from the mountains to the sea. With this in mind, many explorations
have been begun, and the aid of specialists in various fields is
sought, so that we may first of all know the living forms that inhabit
this varied and interesting section of California. We hope that a
better knowledge of the species in the different groups here may lead
to more extensive observations both by advanced students from the
College and by others.
[Illustration: THREE ARCHES BELOW LAGUNA]
Together with the special and general work of the students, collections
of marine and land animals were obtained all through the summer. Some
of these were for the local collection, others to aid in the work of
the survey. Among the collections made were many species of sponges,
hydroids, polyzoans, pycnogonids, marine worms, Crustacea of several
groups and, in fact, nearly all the shore forms that could be obtained
between tides or a short distance from shore with a small boat. There
were also extensive collections of insects and spiders from the hills
and from up and down the coast.
[Illustration: SAN JUAN CAPISTRANO]
For the study of marine and land animals Laguna has proved itself
once more well adapted to our uses. The high hills come down near
the ocean at several points, and there are miles of interesting and
varied coast line in both directions from the laboratory. All summer,
students in small or larger parties tramped over the hills and through
the many interesting canyons to the lakes, to the Mission of San Juan
Capistrano, or to Balboa and the mud flats. Saturday was the regular
field day, and the longer tramping trips were then taken, but very
often of an evening groups of students enjoyed beach suppers or picnics
in some canyon or up in the hills.
That Laguna and its surroundings is a region of great interest and
beauty is evinced by the fact that a number of artists make it their
home, while it is visited by many others. The trail to Balboa, along
the beach or the cliffs, is wonderfully varied and beautiful, while
the drive from Laguna to San Juan Capistrano, except for the lack of
villages and ruins, might well be considered a part of the famous
Amalfi Sorrento drive in Italy.
During the summer of 1915 courses in general as well as special zoology
will be given. General entomology may also be studied with advantage.
For those who are just beginning biological work there may be special
exercises arranged, as last summer.
There are eight private rooms in the laboratory for special workers.
Some of these will be available for investigators who may wish to
follow out problems of their own or those suggested by the work of the
station. Write
W. A. Hilton, _Director_,
Pomona College, Claremont, California.
Wants and Exchanges
Subscribers and others are urged to use these columns to make their
wants known. As the Journal goes to all parts of the world we hope to
make this a very useful feature of the publication. Exchange notes are
free to subscribers.
Wanted--Myriopods from all parts of the world. Will name, exchange
or purchase. R. V. Chamberlin, Mu. Comp. Zoology, Harvard Univ.,
Cambridge, Mass.
Will exchange insects of any order from Southern California, for
Microlepidoptera from any part of North America, preferably pinned,
with complete data concerning capture. Fordyce Grinnell, Jr., Pasadena,
Cal.
Coccidæ--California Coccidæ exchanged for specimens from all parts of
the world. E. O. Essig, Secretary State Commission of Horticulture,
Sacramento, Cal.
Wanted--Cephalopods (in alcohol); Chitons (in alcohol or dry); shells
of West American Mollusca; zoological literature. Offered: West
American and other molluscan shells; zoological pamphlets, mainly on
the Mollusca. S. S. Berry, 502 Cajon St., Redlands, California.
California Syrphidæ, Aphididæ to exchange for non-California Syrphidæ.
W. M. Davidson, Walnut Creek, Cal.
Wanted--For exchange, papers on marine and fresh-water Protozoa. Albert
L. Barrows, Department of Zoology, University of California, Berkeley,
Cal.
Wanted--Information on any mite-papers for sale or exchange that have
an economic bearing. H. V. M. Hall, Room 8, Court House, San Diego, Cal.
Wanted--Specimens and separates relating to the pseudoscorpions, in
exchange for local species. M. Moles, Claremont, Cal.
Wanted--Literature and determined specimens of Collembola, in exchange
for local forms and literature. G. Bacon, Claremont, Cal.
Wanted--Determined specimens of Thysanura in exchange for local
species. R. Gardner, Claremont, Cal.
Wanted--Separates relating to the nervous system and sense organs of
the invertebrates in exchange for reprints by a number of authors on
this and other topics relating to the anatomy of invertebrate animals.
W. A. Hilton, Claremont, Cal.
Tabanidæ from all parts of North America to exchange for Tabanidæ from
the Western United States and Mexico and Central America. Jas. G. Hine,
Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio.
Sarcophagidæ from all parts of the world bought or exchanged, according
to arrangement. North American material determined. R. R. Parker, Ent.
Lab., Mass. Agri. College, Amherst, Mass.
====================================================
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Notes of a Field Naturalist
By George B. Longstaff, M. A., M. D. (Oxon.),
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This work aims to give help to everyone who uses the microscope,
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A forty-eight page illustrated magazine, published monthly except
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It contains a list of the titles of the current
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To new subscribers, $1.90; Renewals, $2.00; payable in advance.
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Laguna Marine Laboratory
SUMMER SCHOOL 1915
_The following Courses will be offered_:
GENERAL BIOLOGY, an introductory course.
GENERAL ZOOLOGY, a study of the chief animal groups, with special
reference to marine forms.
ENTOMOLOGY, a special study of insects, their structure, life
histories and relationships.
In addition to these, special work in microscopic technique,
embryology, or special zoology may be given to those who are prepared.
Teachers and others are urged to come and spend the Summer with us.
A limited number of private laboratories will be available for special
investigators.
For further information address W. A. HILTON, Department of Zoology
Pomona College, Claremont, California
====================================================
Pomona College
Located in one of the most healthful and beautiful parts of the west
coast. The mountains reach an elevation of ten thousand feet within a
few miles of the college and these with the nearby ocean afford many
special advantages for the study of things not in books. The college is
a small one of the New England type with high standards of scholarship.
A large proportion of the graduates go on with advanced work in the
large universities. In addition, well-manned departments of music and
art afford exceptional advantages.
For further information, address
Secretary of Pomona College
Claremont, California
* * * * *
Transcriber Note
The "Index to Volume VI", lists Entomobryidæ without a page reference.
This Family may be in a different Number than the current text.
On page 222, the word "pereiod" may be a typo for "pereiopod".