91 'Abdu'l-Baha, _The Promulgation of Universal Peace_, _op. cit._, p.
377.
92 'Abdu'l-Baha, _Foundations of World Unity_ (Wilmette: Baha'i
Publishing Trust, 1979), p. 21.
93 Lester Bowles Pearson (1897-1972) was awarded the 1957 Nobel prize
for peace for his formulation of international policy in the period
after World War II, particularly for his plan that led to the
establishment of the first United Nations' emergency force in the
Suez Canal in 1956, a response to the crisis created by the invasion
of Egypt by British and French military forces, acting in agreement
with those of Israel, following the seizure of the Suez Canal by
Egypt. The first formal vote of international sanctions against
aggression, taken in 1936 by the League of Nations, when Fascist
Italy invaded Ethiopia, was hailed by Shoghi Effendi as: "an event
without parallel in human history". (See Shoghi Effendi, _The World
Order of Baha'u'llah,_ _op. cit._, p. 191.)
94 The three United Nations' Secretaries-General mentioned were, in
chronological order, Javier Perez de Cuellar (1982-1991), Peru;
Boutros Boutros-Ghali (1992-96), Egypt; Kofi Annan, (1997-present),
Ghana.
95 Anne Frank (1929-1945) - Jewish youth, victim of Nazi genocide,
captured in her family's hiding place in the Netherlands in August
1944 and sent to the concentration camp at Belsen, where she died a
year later. Her diary was published in 1952 under the title _The
Diary of a Young Girl_ and subsequently dramatized on the stage and
in film. Martin Luther King Jr. (1929-1968) - American clergyman and
Nobel laureate, one of the principal leaders of the American civil
rights movement, who was assassinated on 4 April 1968 in Memphis,
Tennessee. He is commemorated in the United States in a national
holiday on the third Monday of January. Paulo Freire (1921-1997) -
innovative Brazilian educator, whose pioneer work in adult education
won him international fame, but led to two periods of imprisonment
in his own country. Kiri Te Kanawa (1944- ) - Born in New Zealand of
Maori ancestry, and today one of the world's leading operatic
_divas_. Awarded the Order of Dame Commander of the British Empire
by H. M. Queen Elizabeth II, 1982. Gabriel Garcia Marques (1928- ) -
Colombian writer and novelist, winner of the Nobel prize for
literature in 1982, who was compelled to spend the 1960s and 1970s
in voluntary exile in Mexico and Spain to escape persecution in his
native land. Ravi Shankar (1920- ) - Indian composer and sitarist,
whose impressive talents and tours of Europe and North America
contributed to the awakening of interest in Indian music throughout
the West. Andrei Dmitriyevich Sakharov (1921-1989) - Russian nuclear
physicist, who abandoned scientific research to become the leading
spokesman for civil liberties in the Soviet Union, for which he was
awarded the 1975 Nobel Peace Prize, while suffering internal exile
in his own land. "Mother Teresa" (Agnes Gonxha Borjaxhiu, 1910-1997)
- Albanian born Roman Catholic nun, founder of the Missionaries of
Charity, whose self-sacrificing work on behalf of the poor, the
homeless and the dying in Calcutta won her the Nobel Peace Prize in
1979. Zhang Yimou (1951- ) - A leading director among China's "Fifth
Generation" film makers and winner of many professional awards for
his sensitive and visually stunning work.
96 The three new National Spiritual Assemblies were Canada, which
established a National Assembly separate from that of the United
States in 1948, and the Regional Assemblies of Central America and
the Antilles (1951) and South America (1951).
97 Shoghi Effendi, _Messages to the Baha'i World, 1950-1957_ (Wilmette:
Baha'i Publishing Trust, 1995), p. 41.
_ 98 ibid._, pp. 38-39.
_ 99 Will and Testament of 'Abdu'l-Baha_, _op. cit._, p. 13.
100 Under the leadership of two of 'Abdu'l-Baha's half brothers,
Muhammad 'Ali and Badi'u'llah, together with a cousin, Majdi'd-Din,
the group of Covenant-breakers who had long occupied the Mansion at
Bahji after the death of Baha'u'llah carried on an unremitting
campaign of attacks and machinations against both the Master and the
Guardian. Under the British Mandate, they had been forced to
evacuate the Mansion because of the neglect into which they had
allowed it to fall, thus permitting the Guardian to restore the
building and establish its status in the eyes of the civil
authorities as a Holy Place. Subsequently, Shoghi Effendi secured
from the newly established Israeli government recognition that the
entire property had this privileged character, and an official order
was issued, requiring the remaining Covenant-breakers to evacuate
the unsightly building that they still occupied next to the Mansion.
When their appeal to the Supreme Court against this judgement
failed, the eviction order was executed, the building demolished at
the Guardian's instructions, and the last obstacle to the
beautification of the property was successfully overcome.
_ 101 Tablets of Baha'u'llah revealed after the Kitab-i-Aqdas,_ _op.
cit._, p. 68.
_ 102 Will and Testament of 'Abdu'l-Baha_, _op. cit._, pp. 19-20.
103 A full account of the role played by the Hands of the Cause during
these critical years is provided by Amatu'l-Baha Ruhiyyih Khanum,
_Ministry of the Custodians_ (Haifa: Baha'i World Centre, 1997).
104 Shoghi Effendi, _The World Order of Baha'u'llah,_ _op. cit._, p.
148.
_ 105 Will and Testament of 'Abdu'l-Baha_, _op. cit._, p. 20.
106 Universal House of Justice, _Messages from the Universal House of
Justice, 1963-1986: The Third Epoch of the Formative Age_ (Wilmette:
Baha'i Publishing Trust, 1996), p. 14.
107 The subject is discussed in a number of places throughout _The
Priceless Pearl_, _op. cit._ See particularly pages 79, 85, 90, 128
and 159.
_ 108 Tablets of Baha'u'llah revealed after the Kitab-i-Aqdas,_ _op.
cit._, p. 69.
109 'Abdu'l-Baha, _The Secret of Divine Civilization_, _op. cit._, pp.
96-97.
110 J. E. Esslemont, _Baha'u'llah and the New Era: An Introduction to
the Baha'i Faith_, 5th rev. ed. (Wilmette: Baha'i Publishing Trust,
1998), p. 250.
_ 111 Will and Testament of 'Abdu'l-Baha_, _op. cit._, p. 11.