Evolution is the old heathen doctrine of chance. It professes to
eliminate design and a personal active Creator. The theory of natural
selection allows no design, no intelligence, no interference, no
control, by the Creator. He does not interfere even by means of
law. M. M. Metcalf, of Oberlin, O., (shades of Chas. G. Finney!), a
prominent evolutionist, says, "The last stand was made by those who
claim that supernatural agency intervenes in nature in such a way as
to modify the natural order of events. When Darwin came to dislodge
them from this, their last intrenchment, there was a fight." Yes! the
fight will last while any one tries to substitute chance for the
control of Almighty God.
The universe teems with countless evidences of intelligent design of
the highest order, whether it is found in the starry heavens, or in
the law and order of the atoms hiding from the most powerful
microscope. All things came by chance or by design. They say there is
no design. We wonder that the hand that wrote the lie was not
palsied. It would be, if the same Creator that filled every muscle,
nerve, bone, and tissue of the sacrilegious hand, with numberless
proofs of design, were not a long-suffering and merciful God.
Prof. Vernon Kellogg says: "Darwinism may be defined as a certain
rational causo-mechanical (hence non-teleologic) explanation of the
origin of species." Translated into plain English, this euphemistic
expression means that Darwinism excludes all design and control by a
Creator. Chance pure and simple. All species originated by chance,
without interference by a supreme Being. This senseless doctrine of
chance has been condemned by man in every age.
We can only note a few of the evidences of design, found in
bewildering numbers in every part of God's great creation.
THE HUMAN BODY. Can evolutionists imagine how the human body
could be crammed fuller of the clearest proofs of the most intelligent
design, indicating a mind of the highest order? Many of the most
remarkable inventions of man were suggested by the wonderful
contrivances found in the human body. Yet they say this marvelous
piece of ingenuity did not come from the hand of the Creator but was
developed by blind chance or "natural laws," without a trace of
intelligent design by the Creator, or by man or beast. The human body
can no more be a product of chance or causo-mechanical evolution than
a Hoe printing press, or Milton's Paradise Lost.
On high medical authority, we are told that there are in the human
body 600 muscles, 1000 miles of blood vessels, and 550 arteries
important enough to name. The skin, spread out, would cover 16 square
feet. It has 1,500,000 sweat glands which spread out on one surface,
would occupy over 10,000 sq. ft., and would cover 5 city lots, 20 x
100 ft. The lungs are composed of 700,000,000 cells of honey comb, all
of which we use in breathing,--equal to a flat surface of 2,000 square
feet, which would cover a city lot. In 70 years, the heart beats
2,500,000,000 times, and lifts 500,000 tons of blood. The nervous
system, controlled by the brain has 3,000,000,000,000 nerve cells,
9,200,000,000 of which are in the cortex or covering of the brain
alone. In the blood are 30,000,000 white corpuscles, and
180,000,000,000,000 red ones. Almost 3 pints of saliva are swallowed
every day, and the stomach generates daily from 5 to 10 quarts of
gastric juice, which digests food and destroys germs. Two gallons
daily! It is easy also to believe that the "very hairs of our heads
are numbered,"--about 250,000.
Yet many an upstart, with thousands of the most marvelous contrivances
in his own body, is ready to shout that there is no God and no design,
or that there has been no interference since creation, and that our
bodies have reached the dizzy heights of perfection, without
intelligence, purpose or design. Absurd in the highest degree! "We
are fearfully and wonderfully made."
THE EYE. Darwin says, "To suppose that the eye with all its
inimitable contrivances for adjusting the focus to different
distances, for admitting different amounts of light, and for the
correction of spherical and chromatic aberration, could have been
formed by natural selection, _seems, I frankly confess absurd in the
highest degree_." (Italics ours). After admitting that it "seems
absurd in the highest degree," he proceeds, as if it were certainly
true. Darwin has been admired for his candor, but not for his
consistency. After admitting that an objection is insuperable, he goes
on as if it had little or no weight. And many of his followers take
the same unscientific attitude. They try to establish their theory in
spite of overwhelming arguments.
"Reason tells me," he says, "that if numerous gradations from a simple
and imperfect eye, to one complex and perfect, can be shown to exist,
such gradation being useful to its possessor, as is certainly the
case" (certainly?), "if further," he continues, "the eye varies and
the variations be inherited, as is likewise certainly the case" (most
modern evolutionists say certainly _not_ the case; what, if
variations are unfavorable?); "And if such variations should be
useful, (what if not useful?) to any animal under changing conditions
of life, then the difficulty of believing that a perfect and complex
eye _could_ be formed by natural selection, _though insuperable
to the imagination_ (Italics ours) should not be considered as
subversive of the theory"!! Darwin undertakes a task far too great for
his mighty genius. "Believing that a perfect and complex eye could be
formed" is many moral leagues from proving that it was so formed. We
must have stronger proof than sufficient to lead us to believe that
such an eye could possibly be so formed. All proof is exhausted in the
struggle to prove the possibility of the formation of so marvelous an
eye, to say nothing of the probability, much less the certainty
required by science. We hold evolutionists to the necessity of
proving that the eye was _certainly_ so formed. We demand
it. Otherwise, we shall certainly "consider it subversive of the
theory." And if acquired by one species, how could it benefit another
species? But we must contest the claim that the wonderful eye of man
and animals _could_ have been formed by evolution. Darwin's whole
theory aims to account for all creation, with its super-abundant
evidences of design, by natural selection, which works without design
and without intelligence. The theory is founded upon the monstrous
assumption that unintelligent animals and plants, can, by aimless
effort arrive at such perfection as the organs of the human body,
exceeding anything in mechanical contrivance, invented to date by the
genius of man. Indeed, that wonderful invention of the telescope is
but a poor imitation of the eye, and does not begin to equal it in
marvelous design. Who would say that the telescope might have been
constructed by chance, or the fortuitous concurrence of atoms, or by
natural selection, or any other attempted method of blotting out the
great intelligent Designer of the universe? It not only "_seems_
absurd in the highest degree," but certainly _is_, and is fatal
to the theory.
The eye is so wonderful in its powers, and delicate adjustments, that
we stand amazed at the evidences of design, and at the wisdom of the
Maker of the eye, far exceeding the highest inventive genius of
man. To say that this is the result of "natural selection," is absurd
and ridiculous. Evolution eliminates design, mind, and an active and
ever present God, and substitutes blind chance or natural selection,
dubs it "science" and asks the world to believe it!
According to the evolution theory, the gain in the mechanism of the
eye causes its possessors to survive, and others to die. Is that true?
Are there not many species that survive, whose eyes are less perfect
than the eye of man? Indeed, it is claimed that many animals have eyes
superior to man. If so, why did man survive and become the dominant
species, with eyes less perfect? The compound eyes of some species are
superior in some respects, as every one knows, who has ever tried to
slip up on a fly. A scientist says that fleas have such perfect vision
that the darkness under the bed clothes is to them a glaring light.
Darwin makes a fatal admission, when he says, "To arrive, however, at
a conclusion regarding the formation of the eye with all its marvelous
yet not absolutely perfect characters, it is indispensable that the
reason should conquer the imagination; But I _have felt the
difficulty far too keenly to be surprised at others hesitating to
extend the principle of natural selection to so startling a
length_." (Italics ours). No wonder the reason and judgment of
mankind revolts against such a theory and that so many evolutionists
themselves reject it.
Three or four per cent. of the population are color blind--"red-blind"
--and are not able to distinguish the color of the green leaves from
that of the red ripe cherries. Can it be possible that the eye
becomes more perfect, because those who had less perfect eyes
perished, and only those who could recognize colors survive until
color blindness is finally eliminated? Is such a doctrine scientific?
Is it more reasonable to believe it than to believe that an infinitely
wise and powerful God created this organ of marvelous value and
beauty? Of course, the ability to recognize color is only one of the
many perfections of the eye.
Evolution is made so much more incredible, because it teaches that
every permanent improvement in the eye is made at the expense of
multitudes of individuals that perished because of the lack of the
improvement. The defect perished only because all individuals
afflicted with it perished. Is this true?
The bureau of education of the U.S. government reports that, of
_22,000,000_ school children examined, 5,000,000 have defective
eyes; 1,000,000, defective hearing; 1,000,000 have active
tuberculosis; 250,000, heart trouble; 3,000,000 to 5,000,000 are
underfed; total, 12,250,000,--more than half. Must all these
defectives perish in order that man may reach perfection? Less than
half are the "fittest" and they only could survive.
LOCATION OF ORGANS. But if the evolutionist _could_
convince the thoughtful student that the marvelous eye could have been
so formed, by blind chance or natural selection, how could he account
for the advantageous location of the eye and other organs? While we
can not well name a fraction small enough to express the mathematical
probability of the formation of the eye, the ear, and other organs of
the body, we easily can compute the fraction of the probability of
their location, though very small. In the passage quoted from Darwin,
he begins with the simple eye, but does not say how the eye
originated. Hon. William J. Bryan in his book, "In His Image," p. 97,
says, "But how does the evolutionist explain the eye, when he leaves
God out? Here is the only guess that I have seen,--if you find any
others, I shall be glad to know of them, as I am collecting the
guesses of the evolutionists. The evolutionist guesses that there was
a time when eyes were unknown--that is a necessary part of the
hypothesis. And since the eye is a universal possession, among living
things, the evolutionist guesses that it came into being,--not by
design or act of God--I will give you the guess,--a piece of pigment,
or as some say, a freckle, appeared upon the skin of an animal that
had no eyes. This piece of pigment or freckle converged the rays of
the sun upon that spot, and when the little animal felt the heat on
that spot, it turned the spot to the sun to get more heat. This
increased heat irritated the skin,--so the evolutionists guess--and a
nerve came there and out of the nerve came the eye. Can you beat it?
But this only accounts for one eye; there must have been another piece
of pigment or freckle soon afterward, and just in the right place in
order to give the animal two eyes."
Now assuming, what seems an utter impossibility, that the wonderful
mechanism of the eye can be accounted for by chance or natural
selection (another name for chance since design is excluded), how can
we account for the _location_ of the eyes, and, in fact, of all
the other organs of the body? We can easily calculate the mathematical
probability on the basis of natural selection. There are from 2500 to
3500 square inches of surface to the human body, a space easily 3000
times the space occupied by an eye. The eye, by the laws of
probability, is just as likely to be located any where else, and has
one chance out of 3000 to be located where it is. But out, of our
abundant margin, we will concede the chance to be one out of 1000, and
hence its mathematical probability is .001. For mathematical
probability includes possibility and even improbability. The compound
probability of two things happening together is ascertained by
multiplying together their fractions of probability. Now the
probability of the location of the second eye where it is, also is
.001. And the compound probability of the location of both eyes where
they are, is .001 x .001 or .000,001. In like manner, the probability
of the location of each ear where it is, is .001, and of the two ears
.000,001. The compound probability of the location of two eyes and two
ears where they are, is .000001 x .000001 or .000,000,000,001. The two
eyes and two ears have but one chance out of a trillion or a million
million to be located where they are. The location of the mouth, the
nose, and every organ of the body diminishes this probability a
thousand fold. We are speaking mildly when we say that this
calculation proves that the evolution of the body, by chance or
natural selection, has not one chance in a million to be true. So
ruthlessly does the pure and reliable science of mathematics shatter
the theory of evolution, which so called scientists claim is as firmly
established as the law of gravitation.
Concerning the wild guess of the development of the legs, we again
quote from Mr. Bryan, "In His Image," p. 98: "And according to the
evolutionist, there was a time when animals had no legs, and so the
legs came by accident. How? Well, the guess is that a little animal
was wiggling along on its belly one day, when it discovered a wart--it
just happened so,--and it was in the right place to be used to aid it
in locomotion; so, it came to depend upon the wart, and use finally
developed it into a leg. And then another wart, and another leg, at
the proper time--by accident--and accidentally in the proper place. Is
it not astonishing that any person, intelligent enough to teach
school, would talk such tommyrot to students, and look serious while
doing so?"
Some one has counted that Darwin has used phrases of doubt, like "We
may well suppose," 800 times in his two principal works. The whole
theory is built up on guesses and suppositions. "Let us suppose" that
each guess is 95 per cent certain, which is far higher than the
average or any. The compound probability would equal .95 raised to the
800th power which would be .000,000,000,000,000,006,281 which means
there are 6 chances out of a quintillion that evolution is true. Since
not all of these 800 suppositions are dependent upon each other, we
are willing to multiply this result by 10,000,000,000 which still
shows that the theory has less than one chance in a million to be
true. Darwin himself says, "The belief that an organ so perfect as the
eye could have been formed by natural selection, is more than enough
to STAGGER ANY ONE." Yet he and his followers refuse to be
"staggered," and proceed to argue as if this unanswerable objection
had little or no weight. _Any hypothesis is weakened or damaged by
every support that is an uncertain guess_. Gravitation has no such
support.
Mr. Alfred W. McCann, in his great volume "God or Gorilla," shows that
H. G. Wells, the novelist _alias_ historian(?), in his "Outline
of History," uses 103 pages to show man's descent from an ape-like
ancestry, and employs 96 expressions of doubt or uncertainty, such as
"probably," "perhaps," "possibly," etc. He does not hesitate to
endorse the wildest guesses of the evolutionists, and sits upon the
top of this pyramid of doubt, and proclaims, _ex cathedra_,
apparently without a blush, of our ancestors: "It was half-ape,
half-monkey [elsewhere, he says the lemur was our ancestor]. It
clambered about the trees and ran, and probably ran well, on its hind
legs upon the ground. It was small brained by our present standards,
but it had clever hands with which it handled fruit and beat nuts upon
the rocks, and perhaps caught up sticks and stones to smite its
fellows. IT WAS OUR ANCESTOR."!!!
And he does not hesitate to give a picture of our ancestor drawn by an
artist 500,000 years after its death. Yet this book so dangerous, so
anti-christian, and so untruthful concerning the origin of man, is
recommended by careless librarians, by scholars, and even by
Christians. It will take a long time to erase from the mind of the
youth, the false teachings of this book. It is one of the most
cunningly devised plans ever attempted to teach infidelity and atheism
in the name of history.
PLANS FOR MAN PROVE DESIGN. All nature is crowded with evidence
that God intended to create man. He made great preparation for his
coming. He provided many things useful to man but to no other
species. Veins of coal, almost innumerable--the canned sunshine of
past ages--, are placed near the earth's surface, accessible for man,
when needed for his use. Of no value whatever to any other species,
because they can not make or replenish a fire. A colored preacher did
not miss the mark, when he said, "God stored his coal in his great big
cellar for the use of man." The man who fills his own cellar with
provisions for the winter exhibits no more foresight or design.
The oil and gas were also evidently stored away in the earth for the
use of man. It is worth nothing to animals. Over 41,000,000,000
gallons of oil were consumed in the U.S. in 1924.
All the other minerals likewise were stored in the earth for the use
of man alone,--iron, copper, gold, silver, all the valuable
minerals,--knowing that man would make use of them. The most precious
and most useful minerals are of no value whatever to any species of
animals. God foresaw the marvelous inventions of the present and the
future, and provided the means ages ahead of time. The universe is
crowded so full of design, that there is no room for chance or natural
selection.