[47] Hazel in many texts.
[48] _R. radicans_ is an extremely variable species.
[49] Basswood, a lumber trade name.
LIST OF SPECIES NAMES IN COMMON USE
AND THEIR ENGLISH MEANING
acaulis stemless
acicularis needle-like
acuminatus long-pointed, tapering
aestivalis summer
affinis related to
agrostoides similar to agrostis
airoides sky-blue
alatus winged
alba white
albidus, albus white
alopecuroides foxtail
alternifolius alternate-leaved
altissimus very tall
amabilis lovely
amplexicaulis clasping the stem
anceps two-headed or edged
angustifolius narrow-leaved
apiculatus tipped with a point
annua yearly
arachnifera spiderwebby
arborescens tree-like
arenarius of sandy places
arenicola sand inhabitant
argenteus silvery
argillaceus of clay or clay-colored
argutus sharp-toothed
arida dry
aridus arid
aristatus bearded
arundinacea reed-bearing
arundinaceous reed-like
arvensis of cultivated fields
asper rough
asperifolia rough leaves
atropurpureus dark-purple
atrovirens dark-green
aureus golden
australis southern
azureus sky-blue
baccatus berried
barbatus barbed, bearded
barbinodis barbed at nodes
barbulatum bearded
basirmea branches low; toward bottom
bicolor two-colored
bidentata two-toothed
bifidum two-forked
bifidus twice-cut
biflorus two-flowered
borealis northern
brachystachy short-spiked
bulbifera bulb-bearing
caeruleus sky-blue, dark-blue
campanularia bell-flowered
campestris of the fields or plains
candidus white, shining
canescens gray-hairy
capillaris hair-like
capitatus headed
carinatus keeled
catharticus cathartic
caudatus tailed
cernuus drooping
chloranthus green-flowered
ciliatifolium hairy leaves
cilianensis hairy
ciliaris, ciliatus fringed
cinereus ash-colored
circulare round
clandestinus concealed
coccineus scarled
colonum cultivated
comatus with hair
communis gregarious
commutatus changing
comosus long-haired
compressa compressed
compressus compressed
confertus crowded
confusus confused, uncertain
contortus contorted
contracta narrowed
cordatus heart-shaped
corniculatus horned
crassifolius thick-leaved
cristatus crested
crus-galli cockspur
cryptandrus hidden stamens
cucullata hooded pedicel
cuneatus wedge-shaped
curtipedicellata short pedicel
curtipendula short pendula
cuspidata sharp, pointed
dactyloides finger-shaped
dactylon finger
debilis weak
decumbens reclining
deflexus bent downward
deltoides triangular
depauperatum stunted
dichotoma forked in pairs
dichotomiflorum flowering in twos
diffusa loosely branching
dilatatum dilated, expanded
discolor different colors
distichum 2-rank; leaves or flowers in rank on opposites
sides of stem
divaricata spreading, widely divergent
donax reed or cane
dubia doubtful
dulcis sweet
dumosus bushy
echinatus prickly
edulis edible
elatior taller
elatus tall
elongata lengthened
erectum upright
eriopoda having hairs at base
esculentus edible
everta expelled, turned out
extensa spread out or stretched out
falcatus sickle-shaped
fasciculatus fascicled
filiformis long, very slender, thread-like
fistulosis hollow, cylindrical
flabellatus fan-like parts
flavescens yellowish
flavus yellow
flexilis pliant
flexuosa alternately bent in different directions
floridanum flowering or from Florida
fragilis brittle, fragile
fragrans fragrant, odorous
frondosus leafy
frutescens shrubby, bushy
furcatus forked
geminatum double
geniculata bent more or less like a knee
geniculatus jointed
glaber smooth
glabriflorus smooth flower
glomerata dense or compact cluster or clusters
gracilis slender
gramineus grassy
hastatus spear-shaped
heterolepsis heterogeneous scales
heterophyllus various-leaved; with leaves of more than one shape
hiomalis pertaining to winter
hians spread out
hirsuta bristly or prickly
hirta hairy
hispidus bristly
hortensis of or belonging to a garden
humilis dwarf
hyemalis of winter
hystrix bristly
incanus hoary
indentata toothed, indented
indurata hardened
inermis unarmed
intermedium intermediate
interruptis not continuous, irregular
jubatum crested, with a mane
junceus rush-like
labiatus lipped
laeve left hand
laevigatus smooth
laevis smooth
lanatus wooly
lanosa wooly
lanuginosum wooly, downy
lanuginosus wooly
lasiocarpus rough- or wooly-fruited
latifolia broad leaf
latiglumis wide glumes
laxa loose
leucanthus white-flowered
leucotricha white hairs
linearifolum long, slender leaves
longispica long-spiked
longpipes long-footed
lutescens yellowish or becoming yellow
macranthus large-flowered
macrocarpus large fruits
macrophyllus large-leaved
macrus large
maculatus spotted
malacophyllum soft leaves
maritimus of the sea
micranthus small-flowered
microcarpon small-fruited
miliaceum pertaining to millet
mirabilis wonderful
mollis soft
monspeliensis lives in caves and mountains
montanus of mountains
multiflorum many-flowered
muralis of walls
murinum mouse-colored
mutabile changeable
mutabilis variable
mutica curtailed
nanus dwarf
natans floating
neglectus overlooked
nemoralis of groves or woods
nitens shining
nudicaulis naked-stemmed
nutans nodding
obtusata blunt, rounded
obtusum blunted, dull
occidentale western
octoflora 8-flowered
officinalis official
olignathus few-flowered
orientalis eastern
ornatus adorned
ovinus of sheep
palustris marsh-loving
paniculatus in panicles
parviflora small-flowered
parvifolius small-leaved
patens spreading
patula spreading
pauciflorus few-flowered
pectinatus comb-like
perennans perennial
phleoides resembling timothy
pilifera bearing hairs
pilosa with long hairs
polyanthes many-flowered
polyanthus many-flowered
pracocius aggressive
pratense of meadows
pubens downy
pubescens downy, covered with soft hairs
pubiflorum downy-flowered
pulchellus pretty, beautiful
pumila dwarf
pumilus dwarf
purpurascens purplish
purpurea purple
pusillum very small
ramosissima many-branched
ramosus branched
repens creeping
reptans creeping
retroflexus reflaxed
regodoseta stiff bristles
robustus robust, stout
rupestris rock-loving
rostratus rostrate, beaked
rugosa wrinkled
saccharinus saccharine
saccaroides sweet; like sugar
salinus salty
sanguilalis blood-colored
sanguineus blood-red
sativa cultivated
sativus cultivated
scandens climbing
sciurea resembling squirrel’s tail
scoparius broom-like
secundiflora one-sided
septentrionalis northern
sericea silken
serotinus late-flowering
sessilispicata without pedicel
setaceus bristle-like
sobolifera bearing creeping, rooting stems or shoots
speciosus showy, good-looking
spectabilis spectacular, worth seeing
sphaerocarpon round-fruited
squarrosa with parts spreading or recurved at ends
sterilis sterile, infertile
stramineum straw-colored
strictus strict, upright, erect
tectorum of roofs, or houses
temulentum drunken
tenarum slender, tender, soft
tenarius slender
tener slender
tenuiflora slender flowers
tenuis slender, thin
tinctorius of dyes
tomentosus densely wooly
trichodes pilose
tridens with 3 teeth
trifidus three-parted
trunicata blunt
uncinatus hooked
vaginaeflorus flowers in sheath
vaginatus sheathed
vernalis vernal
vernis of spring
versuta versatile
verticellata in whorls
villosa hairy
villosissimum hairy
villosus hairy
virens green
viridis green
virgatus twiggy
vulgaris common
Transcriber’s Note:
Words and phrases in italics are surrounded by underscores, _like
this_. Those in bold are surrounded by equal signs, =like this=.
Footnotes were renumbered sequentially and were moved to the end of
the section in which the anchor occurs. Footnotes [9], [11], [18],
[19], [22], and [32] have multiple anchors. Obvious printing errors,
such as backwards, upside down, or partially printed letters and
punctuation, were corrected. Letters in reversed order and several
italics mark-ups were corrected. Final stops missing at the end of
abbreviations were added.
Words may have multiple spelling variations or inconsistent
hyphenation in the text. These have been left unchanged unless
indicated below. Obsolete and alternative spellings were left
unchanged. Misspelled words were not corrected. In the lists of common
names, names are often run together, as in climbingmilkweed and
rattlesnakefern; these were not changed.
The following was changed: “small-loaved” to “small-leaved.”