[246] Original.
[247] This corresponds to the OE. _sāwle þearf_.
[248] The Latin has: _inter cetera diuturna et nocturna bona_.
Stevenson does not emend, but it seems as though we should read
_diurna_. Compare, for example, in Stevenson’s edition, =78.= 14, 35,
39; =99.= 10; =100.= 11; =103.= 9.
[249] Cf. chap. 55. The second monastery was for nuns, and at
Shaftesbury; see chap. 98.
[250] Original.
[251] Original.
[252] Cf. chap. 78.
[253] Cf. chap. 78.
[254] Original.
[255] Supplied by Stevenson.
[256] Original.
[257] Matt. 27. 64.
[258] Original.
[259] Original.
[260] Cf. chap. 92.
[261] Original.
[262] This passage is somewhat corrupt.
[263] Gen. 4. 7, in the old Latin version, following the Septuagint.
[264] Prov. 21. 1.
[265] Original.
[266] Cf. the _Chronicle_ under 894: ‘The King had divided his forces
into two, so that one half was constantly at home, the other half in
the field.’
[267] Original.
[268] Or, ‘rank’ (_dignitatem_), as in line 3 of the chapter.
[269] 2 Cor. 9. 7.
[270] Original.
[271] Incorrectly quoted from the _Pastoral Care_ 3. 20: ‘Ne quædam
quibus nulla, ne nulla quibus quædam, ne multa quibus pauca, ne pauca
præbeant quibus impendere multa debuerunt.’
[272] See chaps. 75 and 76.
[273] See chaps. 74 and 81.
[274] See chaps. 78 and 94.
[275] Original.
[276] Not from the Bible, but from St. Augustine’s _Enchiridion de
Fide_, chap. 20: ‘Qui enim vult ordinate dare eleemosynam, a se ipso
debet incipere.’
[277] Reading _divitiis_ for the _divinis_ of the text.
[278] Cf. chap. 99.
[279] Original.
[280] Or, ‘chaplains.’ See p. 41, note 5.
[281] ‘As these six candles weighed 72 pennyweights, each one was of
the weight of 12d. The weight of the OE. penny was 22½ Troy grains,
so that each candle would weigh roughly ⅝ oz. avoirdupois. As the
candles were twelve inches long, they would be very thin in proportion
to their length. A modern beeswax candle burns at a considerably
quicker rate than is here assumed, but we do not think this condemns
the figures given in this chapter as imaginary. The candle of Alfred’s
time was probably not moulded, and the wick would not be made of
cotton, as in the modern ones. Rushes, tow, and the hards of flax were
used for wicks. Aldhelm refers to the use of linen or flax wicks,
but also to those made of rushes. It is therefore hardly possible to
reproduce the candles used by Alfred for the purpose of testing this
chapter’ (Stevenson).
[282] Reading _fenestras_ for the _fenestrarum_ of the text.
[283] Meanings doubtful.
[284] ‘Ducange objected that horn lanterns were known to the Greeks
and Romans long before Alfred’s time. But the passages adduced by
Salmasius, to whom he refers, and such others as we have been able to
gather, do not clearly describe a horn lantern lit by a candle, but
rather screens formed of horn to place round oil lamps. It is possible,
therefore, that Alfred may really be the inventor of the horn lantern
as we know it. The door in the side, which would be rendered necessary
by the change of the candles every four hours, is here described, and
seems to be a new feature’ (Stevenson).
[285] Original.
[286] The name of the diocese and of the bishop of course varied in the
different copies.
[287] Cf. p. 11, note 2.
[288] The books.
[289] From Rev. Joseph Stevenson’s translation of _The Book of Hyde_,
in _Church Historians of England_ (London, 1854), Vol. 2, Part 2, pp.
499–503. The translator states that the text of the letter printed by
Wise in his edition of Asser (see Stevenson’s edition of Asser, p. 308)
‘has been employed in correcting the many obscurities and errors of the
copy inserted in the _Liber de Hida_.’ Of the letter our editor says:
‘It ... seems to be genuine. There is no conceivable motive for forging
such a letter. We can discover no grounds for Pauli’s condemnation
of it.... As Malmesbury, _Gesta Regum_, c. 122 (p. 130), states that
Grimbald was sent to Alfred at his request by the Archbishop of Rheims,
he would seem to have been acquainted with this letter.’
INDEX
[The numbers refer to pages.]
Aclea, 4
Adam, 2
Æglea, 78
Ælfthryth, 37, 38
Ælla, 16
Æthelbald, 4, 6, 7, 11, 12
Æthelbert, 12, 13
Æthelflæd, 37
Æthelgivu, 37, 58
Æthelhelm, 48
Æthelred (King of Wessex), 13, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22
Æthelred (Alfred’s father-in-law), 17
Æthelred (Alfred’s son-in-law), 37, 44, 45, 47
Æthelstan (under-king of Kent), 4
Æthelstan (priest), 41
Æthelward, 37
Æthelwulf (King of Wessex), 1, 2, 4, 5, 6, 7, 10, 11, 33
Æthelwulf (Ealdorman of Berkshire), 12, 19
Alemanni, 34
Alfred, 1, _and passim_
Aller, 29
Anarawd, 45
Angles, 19, 47, 72.
_See also_ East Angles
Anglo-Saxons, 1, 8, 13, 31, 32, 34, 35, 47, 48.
_See also_ East Saxons, Saxons, South Saxons, West Saxons
Anwind, 25
Armorica, 34.
_See also_ Brittany
Arnolf, 47, 48
Ashdown, 20, 22
Ash’s Hill, 20
Asser, 1, [8, 10, 13–15, 17, 20, 21, 27, 34, 35, 42–46, 48, 49, 51,
52], 71
Athelney, 28, 29, 54
Augustine, 73
Avon, 26
Bagsecg, 22
Banwell, 46
Barnabas, 73
Basing, 22
Beaw, 2
Bedwig, 2
Beldeag, 2
Beorhtric, 8, 9
Beorhtwulf, 3
Berengar, 48
Berkshire, 1, 12, 19
Berroc Wood, 1
Brecknock, 44
Bretons, 39
Britain, 1, 13, 26, 31, 32
British, 3
Brittany, 60.
_See also_ Armorica
Brockmail, 44
Brond, 2
Burgred, 4, 5, 18, 24
Cærwent, 43
Cairceri, 30
Cairwisc, 26
Cambridge, 25
Canterbury, 3, 18, 41
Carloman, 33
Ceawlin, 1
Ceolnoth, 18
Ceolwald, 1
Ceolwulf, 25, 26
Ceorl, 3
Cerdic, 1, 3
Charlemagne, Charles (the Great), 9, 34
Charles (the Bald), 6, 11, 33, 34, 67
Charles (the Fat), 47, 48
Charles (son of Louis the German), 34
Chézy, 47, 48
Chippenham, 5, 26, 30
Cirencester, 30, 31
Cœnred, 1
Coit Maur, 28
Condé, 32
Congresbury, 46
Cornwall, 35, 46, 60
Creoda, 1
Cutha, 1
Cuthwine, 1
Cynric, 1, 3
Cynwit, 27
Danes, [3–5, 12, 13, 15–34, 39, 46, 47, 55]
Danube, 13
David, 2
Dene, 42, 62
Devon, 3, 27
Dorubernia, 3
Durugueir, 25
Dyfed, 27, 44
Eadburh, 8, 9, 17
Eafa, 1
Eald-Seaxum, 33
Ealhere, 4, 5
Ealhmund, 1
Ealhstan, 6, 17
Eanwulf, 6
East Angles, 18
East Anglia, 13, 16, 18, 19, 31, 32, 33, 34
East Frankland, 31, 32.
_See also_ Frankland
East Saxons, 13.
_See also_ Anglo-Saxons, Saxons, South Saxons, West Saxons
Edington, 28
Edmund, 18
Edward, 37, 38
Egbert, 1
Egbert’s Stone, 28
Elesa, 1
Elias, 52
England, 69, 70
Englefield, 19
English, 19, 69, 70, 71
Enoch, 2
Enosh, 2
Eoppa, 1
Esla, 1
Essex, 3
Exanceastre, 26
Exeter, 26, 46
Fernmail, 44
Finn, 2
Fræna, 22
Frankland, 31, 32, 60.
_See also_ East Frankland
Franks, 6, 7, 9, 11, 31, 33, 34, 39, 47, 68, 72, 73, 77.
_See also_ West Franks
Frealaf, 2
Freawine, 1
Freothegar, 1
Frisians, 33, 39
Frithowald, 2
Frithuwulf, 2
Froom, 25
Fulco, 72
Fulham, 31
Gaini, 17
Gallic, 55, 56
Gaul, 26, 28, 42, 60, 74
Gauls, 34, 39, 56
Geata, 2
Germanic, 8
Germany, 33
Geta, 2
Gewis, 1
Ghent, 31
Glywyssing, 44
Godwulf, 2
Goths, 3
Great Forest, 28
Greeks, 70
Gregory (the Great), 41, 60, 73
Grimbald, 42, 71, 75
Gueriir, 35
Guthrum, 25
Gwent, 44
Halfdene, 25, 26, 27
Hampshire, 12, 28
Harold, 22
Hathra, 2
Hebrew, 70
Hebrews, 40
Helised, 44
Hemeid, 44
Heremod, 2
Hingwar. _See_ Inwar
Howel, 44
Huda, 5
Humber, 16, 69
Hwala, 2
Hwicce, 31
Ine, 1
Ingild, 1
Inwar, 27
Ireland, 52, 61
Irish, 39
Itermod, 2
James (the apostle), 73
Jared, 2
Jerusalem, 52
Jews, 56, 57
John (the Old Saxon), 42, 55, 56, 57, 71
Judith, 6, 7, 11, 33, 34, 35
Jutes, 3
Kenan, 2
Kennet, 19
Kent, 3, 4, 5, 12, 13, 32
Lamech, 2
Latin, 17, 19, 26, 28, 37, 69, 70, 71
Leo (IV), 5
Leonaford, 45
Lindsey, 24
Lombardy, 48
London, 3, 24, 47
Louis (the Pious), 34
Louis (the German), 34
Louis (the Stammerer), 33
Louis (III), 33
Mahalalel, 2
Marinus, 34
Marne, 47
Martin, 50
Medway, 32
Mercia, 3, 4, 8, 17, 18, 24, 26, 35, 37, 41, 47, 60
Mercian, 17, 35, 41
Mercians, 4, 5, 18, 24, 26, 41, 44, 45
Methuselah, 2
Meuse, 31
Middlesex, 3
Mid-Wales, 4
Mouric, 44
Mucill, 17
Neot, 35
Noah, 2
Nobis, 44
Northumbria, 17, 18, 24, 25, 26, 61
Northumbrian, 16
Northumbrians, 16, 45
Nottingham, 17, 18
Odo, 48
Offa, 8
Old Saxon, 55
Old Saxons, 33, 34
Osbern, 22
Osbert, 16
Osburh, 2
Oscytel, 25
Oslac, 2
Osric, 12
Paris, 46, 47, 48
Paul, 11, 73
Pavia, 10
Pepin, 34
Peter, 11, 41, 73
Picts, 25
Plegmund, 41, 71
Reading, 19
Remigius, 73, 74, 76
Repton, 24, 25
Rheims, 72
Rhine, 48
Rhodri, 44, 45
Ris, 44
Rochester, 32
Romans, 70
Rome, 1, 5, 6, 7, 10, 11, 24, 48, 76
Rudolf, 48
Ruim, 5
St. Davids, 44
Sandwich, 4
Saxon, 5, 7, 13, 14, 25, 26, 32, 33, 37, 38, 41, 42, 46
Saxon Colony, 24, 34
Saxons, 4, 9, 23, 24, 32, 33, 47, 48.
_See also_ Anglo-Saxons, East Saxons, Old Saxons, South Saxons,
West Saxons
Sceaf, 2
Sceldwea, 2
Scheldt, 32
Sedulius, 2
Seine, 46, 47
Selwood (Forest), 6, 28
Seth, 2
Severn, 42
Shaftesbury, 58
Sheppey, 3, 6
Sherborne, 6, 12, 17
Sidroc the Elder, 22
Sidroc the Younger, 22
Solomon, 40, 59
Somerset(shire), 6, 27, 28
South Saxons, 42.
_See also_ Anglo-Saxons, East Saxons, Saxons, West Saxons
South Wales, 44
Stour, 33
Strathclyde, 25
Stuf, 3
Surrey, 4, 5, 12
Sussex, 12, 42
Tætwa, 2
Tarrant, 25
Tenet, 5.
_See also_ Thanet
Teudubr, 44
Thames, 3, 4, 19, 31, 69
Thanet, 12.
_See also_ Tenet
Thetford, 18
Thornsæta, 25
Tigguocobauc, 17
Tyne, 25
Tyrrhene Sea, 34, 52
Wærferth, 69.
_See also_ Werfrith
Wales, 4, 8, 43, 44, 60.
_See also_ Mid-Wales, South Wales, Western Wales
Wantage, 1
Wareham, 25
Wedmore, 29
Welsh, 1, 5, 17, 25, 26, 28, 30, 39
Werfrith, 41.
_See also_ Wærferth
Werwulf, 41
Wessex, 7, 8, 42, 44, 46, 60.
_See also_ West Saxon(s)
Western Wales, 42
West Franks, 33, 34, 46
West Saxon, 13
West Saxons, 1, 4, 5, 8, 12, 13, 15, 18, 19, 33, 41.
_See also_ Anglo-Saxons, East Saxons, Saxons, South Saxons, Wessex
Wicganbeorg, 3
Wido, 48
Wig, 1
Wight, Isle of, 3
Wihtgar, 3
Wihtgaraburg, 3
Wiley, 23
Wilton, 23
Wiltshire, 26, 28, 48
Wimborne Minster, 22
Winchester, 11, 12
Wisc, 26
Woden, 2
Worcester, 41
Yonne, 47
York, 16, 18
Transcriber’s Notes
Punctuation, hyphenation, and spelling were made consistent when a
predominant preference was found in the original book; otherwise they
were not changed.
Simple typographical errors were corrected; unbalanced quotation
marks were remedied when the change was obvious, and otherwise left
unbalanced.
Footnotes, originally at the bottoms of pages, have been collected,
renumbered, and moved to precede the Index.
The index was not checked for proper alphabetization or correct page
references.