along the Sierra Madre Oriental from the Big Bend Region of Texas to
Guanajuato, Mexico (Fig. 10).
_Specimens examined._--(32) TEXAS, _Brewster Co._: Juniper Canyon,
Chisos Mts., FMNH 27361 (holotype of _S. gaigeae_), 27360, 27362-63, MCZ
15346, 27801, UMMZ 66080, 66082, 66085-91, USNM 76876; Upper Green
Gulch, TCWC 15943.
MEXICO: _Coahuila_: 8 km. S Saltillo, UIMNH 55518-21. _Guanajuato_:
Guanajuato, USNM 9888 (holotype of _Malachulodes guttilatus_); 8 km. E
Guanajuato, AMNH 73425; Cerro Cubilete, AMNH 73424. _Nuevo Leon_: 3 km.
S Galeana, JDL 1215 (skeleton), UIMNH 58204; 24 km. SW Galeana. 1575 m.,
USNM 108594 (holotype of _Syrrhophus smithi_). _San Luis Potosi_: 5 km.
SW San Luis Potosi, UIMNH 7807 (holotype of _S. petrophilus_).
_Tamaulipas_: 1.6 km. NW La Joya de Salas, 1530 m., UMMZ 110736 (4).
=Syrrhophus marnockii= Cope
_Syrrhophus marnockii_ Cope, 1878:253 [Syntypes.--ANSP 10765-68,
from "near San Antonio," Bexar Co., Texas; collected by G. W.
Marnock].
_Syrrhophus marnocki_: Yarrow, 1882:24, 193. Milstead, Mecham,
and McClintock, 1950:550.
_Diagnosis._--Medium-sized frogs, males 18.4-28.9 mm. snout-vent,
females 20.4-35.4 mm. snout-vent length; vocal slits in males; digital
tips widened (Fig. 1); first and second fingers equal; skin of dorsum
smooth to weakly pustular, that of venter smooth; snout blunt, rounded;
diameter of tympanum 47.2-68.3 per cent that of eye in males, 45.8-73.3
in females; dorsum tan to light brown in preservative with rusty-brown
flecks, venter white; ground color green in life; thighs banded;
interorbital bar absent.
_Remarks._--Specimens from the southern edge of the Edwards Plateau and
the eastern edge of the Stockton Plateau have larger flecks on the back
that tend to form a vermiculate pattern like that of _S. guttilatus_.
The vermiculation is never well developed (see plate 38 in Conant,
1958). Most of the specimens from the Edwards Plateau have a punctate
pattern (Fig. 9).
Fossils are known from the Sangamon interglacial deposits in Foard and
Knox Counties, Texas (Lynch, 1964; Tihen, 1960).
_Etymology._--A patronym for the collector of the type specimens.
_Distribution._--The Edwards Plateau and the extreme eastern edge of the
Stockton Plateau in Texas (Fig. 11). The fossil records lie some 200
miles to the north. Two specimens (FMNH 103216-17) from Brownsville,
Cameron Co., Texas, were formerly in the EHT-HMS collection (nos.
31348-49). Data given in Taylor's field catalogue (housed in the
Division of Reptiles, Field Museum) are "Brownsville, A. J. Kirn
collector, April 15, 1934." Until verification by recently collected
material is available, this record must be disregarded.
_Specimens examined._--(103) TEXAS, _Bandera Co._: 10 mi. SW Medina,
TCWC 13508-10; 8 mi. W Medina, KU 60243; 13 mi. W Medina, KU 60242, TCWC
13506-07. _Bexar Co._: UIMNH 34694; Classen ranch, near San Antonio.
UMMZ 98891; Helotes, EAL 1560, MCZ 11837 (2), UMMZ 64045, USNM 13635; 2
mi. N Helotes, TCWC 9234-35; 3.5 mi. N Helotes, LSUMZ 10363; 8 mi. N
Helotes, TCWC 1549, 4364; San Antonio, FMNH 15553-56, TCWC 13497-99.
_Blanco Co._: 8 mi. NE Blanco, TCWC 4782. _Comal Co._: New Braunfels,
TCWC 13500-05; 5 mi. NE New Braunfels, UMMZ 71016 (10). _Hays Co._: San
Marcos, AMNH 22661-64, 32700, FMNH 15245-46, 26250, 26253-57, 37617,
37665, MCZ 15649-50, 23268-69; 6 mi. SW San Marcos, TCWC 5070-71, 7140,
9232-33, 9236, 9316-17, 9320. _Kendall Co._: 11 mi. E Boerne, AMNH
54660-61, 54662 (2); 10 mi. W Boerne, KU 18441; Kendalia, UIMNH 21434.
_Kerr Co._: Kerr W. M. Area, TCWC 15859; 40 mi. NW Kerrville, TCWC 6555.
_Medina Co._: UIMNH 13287-88; 12 mi. N Castroville, UIMNH 21423; 14 mi.
N Castroville, UIMNH 21424-25; 16 mi. N Castroville, UIMNH 21421-22; 17
mi. N Castroville, UIMNH 21428-29; 18 mi. N Castroville, UIMNH 21426-27,
21430-33; 6.5 mi. NW Rio Medina, KU 18440. _Real Co._: Rio Frio, FMNH
55156-57. _Travis Co._: Austin, AMNH 44221-22; Mount Bonnell, 5 mi. S
Austin, UMMZ 101453 (10). _Uvalde Co._: 13 mi. from Uvalde, UIMNH 62322.
_Val-Verde Co._: 40 mi. N Del Rio, JDL 214 (skeleton).
[Illustration: FIG. 11: Distribution of _Syrrhophus marnockii_
(circles). Starred localities are late Pleistocene records.]
=Syrrhophus verrucipes= Cope
_Syrrhophus verrucipes_ Cope, 1885:383 [Holotype.--ANSP 11325, from
near Zacualtipan, Hidalgo, Mexico (1800 feet lower in a rocky gorge
of a stream near its junction with the Rio San Miguel), collected
by Dr. Santiago Bernard]. Kellogg, 1932:126-29. Smith and Taylor,
1948:52-53. Firschein, 1954:55-57. Gorham, 1966:167.
_Syrrhaphus verrucipes_: Guenther, 1900:216-17.
_Tomodactylus macrotympanum_ Taylor, 1940e:496-99, pl. 55,
figs. 2a-b. [Holotype.--FMNH 100049 (formerly EHT-HMS 6838),
from La Placita, 8 km. S Jacala, Hidalgo, Mexico, 1850 m.;
collected on July 2, 1936, by Edward H. Taylor]. Smith and
Taylor, 1948:47-48.
_Syrrhophus macrotympanum_: Dixon, 1957:384. Gorham, 1966:165.
_Diagnosis._--Medium-sized frogs, males 17.5-26.1 mm. snout-vent,
females 28.0-31.7 mm. snout-vent length; vocal slits in males; digital
tips slightly expanded; first finger shorter than second; skin of dorsum
pustular, that of venter areolate; snout elongate, subacuminate;
diameter of tympanum 56.1-76.7 per cent that of eye in males, 54.3-56.8
in females; in preservative, dorsum reddish brown with numerous small
black or dark brown spots (Fig. 8); venter white to cream; in life
dorsum green with darker green spots, belly white; iris gold above,
bronze below.
_Remarks._--Cope's (1885) original description was not sufficiently
clear to enable subsequent authors to recognize this species. Taylor
(1940e) described it as a _Tomodactylus_, but Dixon (1957) pointed out
that _T. macrotympanum_ differed from the other species of the genus in
having a poorly developed lumbo-inguinal (inguinal) gland, and placed
the species in the genus _Syrrhophus_. Comparison of the holotypes of
_S. verrucipes_ and _T. macrotympanum_ leaves no doubt in my mind that a
single species is involved. This same species was reported by Smith and
Taylor (1948) as _S. verruculatus_.
_Syrrhophus verrucipes_ bears resemblance to members of both the
_leprus_ and _marnockii_ groups. In snout shape it is closer to the
_leprus_ group, whereas in digital pad, the shape of the general body
form, and contiguity of habitat it is most similar to the _marnockii_
group (_S. guttilatus_).
_Etymology._--Latin, meaning warty foot, probably in reference to the
numerous plantar supernumerary tubercles.
_Distribution._--Moderate elevations in southeastern San Luis Potosi,
Queretaro, and northwestern Hidalgo, Mexico (Fig. 7).
_Specimens examined_--(43) MEXICO, _Hidalgo_: Jacala, UMMZ 106434; 9.6
km. NE Jacala, Puerto de la Zorra, 1820 m., KU 60240-41, TCWC 11090,
11147; 8 km. S Jacala, La Placita, 1850 m., FMNH 100049 (holotype of
_Tomodactylus macrotympanum_), 100791-803, 105334-35, 114287, UIMNH
15989-92, 15995-96, UMMZ 117252, USNM 137202; Tianguistengo, FMNH
113705-09, UIMNH 13328-30; near Zacualtipan, ANSP 11325 (holotype of
_Syrrhophus verrucipes_). _Queretaro_: 3.5 km. S San Juan del Rio, EAL
1343. _San Luis Potosi_: 9.6 km. W Ahuacatlan, LSUMZ 4968-70.
=Syrrhophus dennisi= new species
_Syrrhophus latodactylus_: Martin, 1958:49 (in part).
_Holotype._--UMMZ 101121, adult male from a cave near El Pachon, 8 km. N
Antiguo Morelos, Tamaulipas, Mexico, 250 m., collected on March 13,
1949, by Paul S. Martin.
_Paratopotypes._--(26). UMMZ 101122 (10), 101123 (2), 101126, 126993
(12).
_Diagnosis._--Medium-sized frogs, males 22.8-28.4 mm. snout-vent,
females 25.9-32.0 mm. snout-vent; vocal slits in males; digital tips
greatly expanded, more than twice width of digit; first finger shorter
than second; skin of dorsum shagreened to pustular, that of venter
weakly to moderately areolate; toes webbed basally; dorsum light brown
to tan with brown vermiculations; venter white; diameter of tympanum
53.9 to 64.2 per cent that of eye in males, 50.6 to 58.7 per cent in
females.
_Description and variation._--(Fig. 12). Head wider than body; head as
wide or wider than long in males, sometimes longer than wide in females;
snout acuminate in dorsal view, elongate and rounded in lateral profile;
canthus rostralis rounded but distinct; loreal region slightly concave,
sloping abruptly to lip; lips not flared; eyelid about two-thirds
interorbital distance; length of eye less than distance between eye and
nostril; diameter of tympanum 53.9 to 64.2 per cent that of eye in
males, 50.6 to 58.7 per cent in females; tympanum round and distinct in
both sexes; supratympanic fold moderately distinct; choanae within
border of jaws, completely visible from directly below, rounded to
slightly oval; dentigerous processes of prevomers and teeth absent;
tongue free for posterior one-half, generally oval in outline; vocal
slits present in males.
Many scattered pustules on dorsum; flanks areolate; skin of venter
areolate or not (variability may be due to differences in preservation);
ventral disc distinct on chest and lower abdomen; inguinal gland present
or not, when present varying from very large and distinct to poorly
defined; axillary gland absent.
First finger shorter than second; all fingers bearing truncate tips with
pads, each pad having a terminal groove; fingers fringed; fingers three
and four having dilated pads two to three times width of digit;
subarticular tubercles large, conical, rounded, simple; supernumerary
tubercles numerous on thenar surface, none on digits; three palmar
tubercles, outer slightly smaller than largest supernumerary tubercles;
row of tubercles on outer edge of forearm variable, weak to very
distinct; tips of toes wider than digits, rounded to truncate at tips,
each pad having terminal groove; toes having lateral fringes, bases of
toes united by web, web not extending to basal subarticular tubercle;
subarticular tubercles smaller than those of hand, round, conical,
simple; supernumerary tubercles numerous on plantar surfaces, extending
between metatarsal tubercles, present on toes between basal two
subarticular tubercles in some specimens; outer metatarsal tubercle
round, conical, one-half as large as ovoid, non-compressed inner
metatarsal tubercle; tarsal tubercles or folds absent.
Ground color pale reddish-brown to tan dorsally, creamy on flanks;
dorsal pattern consisting of reddish-brown to brown vermiculations
extending onto flanks; distinct interorbital light bar present; loreal
region darker than snout, reddish-brown compared to tan or pale
reddish-brown; arms colored like dorsum; thighs banded, unicolor brown
on posterior surfaces; shanks and tarsi banded; venter white to cream
punctated with brown in some specimens.
The variation in proportions is summarized in Table 5.
_Remarks._--Martin (1958) expressed some doubt that this series of 26
specimens was identical with "_S. latodactylus_." My study indicates
that the specimens from El Pachon represent a distinctive but allied
species. Males of the two species can be readily separated by the
relative sizes of the tympani, presence or absence of vocal slits, and
color pattern. Females of the two species can be separated by color
pattern. Within the type-series, the pattern varies from weakly to
strongly vermiculate but is always recognizable as vermiculate rather
than spotted as in _S. longipes_ (= _S. latodactylus_ of Taylor and
Martin).
[Illustration: FIG. 12: _Syrrhophus dennisi_ sp. nov., holotype,
UMMZ 101121 (dorsum x1.8, side of head x6.1).]
_Etymology._--The specific name is a patronym for David M. Dennis, whose
drawings greatly enhance the worth of this paper.
_Distribution._--Known only from the type series.
=Syrrhophus longipes= (Baird), New combination
_Batrachyla longipes_ Baird, 1859:35, pl. 37, fig. 1-3
[Holotype.--apparently USNM 3237 (cited as 3207 by Cope, 1887:16),
now lost, from 40 Leagues from (probably north) Mexico City;
collected by John Potts]. Kellogg, 1932:107.
_Epirhexis longipes_: Cope, 1866:96.
_Eleutherodactylus longipes_: Kellogg, 1932:107 (part). Smith and
Taylor, 1948:61. Lynch, 1963:580-581. Gorham, 1966:82.
_Syrrhophus latodactylus_ Taylor, 1940d:396-401, pl. 43, figs. A-F,
text fig. 7 [Holotype.--FMNH 100063 (formerly EHT-HMS 6807), from
Huasteca Canyon, 15 km. W Monterrey, Nuevo Leon, Mexico, 680 m.;
collected on June 20, 1936, by Edward H. Taylor]. Smith and
Taylor, 1948:50-52. Martin, 1958:48-50. Gorham, 1966:165.
_Diagnosis._--Large frogs, males 22.1-33.2 mm. snout-vent, females
26.8-39.6 mm. snout-vent length; vocal slits lacking in males; digital
tips greatly expanded (more than twice the width of digit); first finger
shorter than second; skin of dorsum pustular, that of venter smooth;
diameter of tympanum in males 61.1-87.2 per cent that of eye, 49.5-72.1
per cent in females; dorsum tan with large or small spots and blotches;
limbs banded; interorbital bar or triangle present.
_Remarks._--I have applied Baird's _Batrachyla longipes_ to the frog
Taylor (1940d) called _Syrrhophus latodactylus_ because the color
pattern (Fig. 13) predominant in the southern part of the range agrees
with that described (figured) for _Batrachyla longipes_.
The color pattern of individuals in the southern part of the range of
this species consists of large spots or blotches, whereas in the
northwestern part the pattern is made up of smaller spots. In the
northeastern part of the range, the pattern is more reduced and tends to
consist of heavy flecking. The interorbital bar is narrower in specimens
from Nuevo Leon and Tamaulipas and is triangular in specimens from
Hidalgo and Queretaro.
The status of the name _Batrachyla longipes_ is currently that of a
_nomen dubium_ (Lynch, 1963). At that time, I was unaware of the
geographic variation in color pattern in _Syrrhophus latodactylus_.
The exact type-locality of _Batrachyla longipes_ is not known. If it is
40 Leagues north of Mexico City, the locality would be in an area where
the species has a blotched instead of a flecked or spotted pattern. No
justifiable evidence was presented to place _Batrachyla longipes_ in
_Eleutherodactylus_ instead of _Syrrhophus_. Barbour (1923) and Kellogg
(1932) associated another species (_E. batrachylus_) with _longipes_.
Taylor (1940a) noted this as a case of misidentification and corrected
the error but left _longipes_ in the genus _Eleutherodactylus_. Lynch
(1963) noted several points of morphological agreement between
_Syrrhophus_ and _B. longipes_ but did not place _longipes_ in
_Syrrhophus_.
Baird's (1859) figures of the holotype do not illustrate prevomerine
teeth, but according to Cope (1866) they were present in the holotype.
The digital tips of the frog in the figure are somewhat narrower than
those typically seen in _S. latodactylus_. If the specimen was slightly
desiccated, as possibly was the case, the digits would appear narrower.
There is no evidence contrary to placing _Syrrhophus latodactylus_ in
the synonymy of _Batrachyla longipes_.
[Illustration: FIG. 13: Dorsal views of _Syrrhophus longipes_
illustrating geographic variation in pattern (left, TCWC 12179,
x1.5; right, KU 92572, x1.8); side of head (TCWC 10966, x6).]
Application of Baird's name _Batrachyla longipes_ to the species of frog
heretofore called _Syrrhophus latodactylus_ poses one serious problem.
_Batrachyla longipes_ is the type-species (by original designation) of
the genus _Epirhexis_ Cope, 1866, which has priority over _Syrrhophus_
Cope, 1878. If _Batrachyla longipes_ is left in the status of a _nomen
dubium_, _Epirhexis_ can be forgotten, for the two names are tied
together. However, since it seems almost certain that _Batrachyla
longipes_ and _Syrrhophus latodactylus_ are conspecific, the former name
should not be left as a _nomen dubium_. _Epirhexis_ never came into
general usage (Cope cited the name four times, but no one else has used
it), whereas _Syrrhophus_ is well established in the zoological
literature. It would serve only to confuse the literature to adhere
strictly to the Law of Priority and replace _Syrrhophus_ with
_Epirhexis_. Therefore, _Syrrhophus_ is used in this paper, even though
_Epirhexis_ has priority. A request for the suppression of _Epirhexis_
Cope, 1866, has been submitted to the International Commission of
Zoological Nomenclature (Lynch, 1967).
_Etymology._--Latin, meaning long-footed; Taylor's _latodactylus_ refers
to the wide digital pads.
[Illustration: FIG. 14: Distribution of _Syrrhophus dennisi_
(triangle) and _S. longipes_ (circles).]
_Distribution._--Moderate elevations (650 to 2000 meters) along the
Sierra Madre Oriental from central Nuevo Leon to northern Hidalgo,
Mexico (Fig. 14).
_Specimens examined._--(122) MEXICO, _Hidalgo_: 3 km. NE Jacala, AMNH
52977; 9.6 km. NE Jacala, 1800 m., TCWC 10966-70, 12179; 8 km. S Jacala,
La Placita, 1850 m., FMNH 100266-68, 103244, UIMNH 13291, 13327. _Nuevo
Leon_: Salto Cola de Caballo, KU 92572; Huasteca Canyon, 15 km. W
Monterrey, 680 m., FMNH 100063 (holotype of _S. latodactylus_), UIMNH
13290; 6.5 km. N Pablillo, EAL 1319; Sabinas Hidalgo, USNM 139728.
_Queretaro_: Cueva de los Riscos, 8 km. SW Jalpan, KU 106300. _San Luis
Potosi_: 13 km. E Santa Barberita, LSUMZ 2295; second camp, San Luis
Potosi road, UIMNH 13326; Xilitla, Cueva sin nombre, UMMZ 125892.
_Tamaulipas_: 4 km. W El Carrizo, 500 m., UMMZ 111343 (31); 8 km. N
Chamal, Bee Cave, KU 106299; 14.5 km. NNW Chamal, 420 m., UMMZ
111339-40, 111342 (4), 111344 (11); 19 km. NNW Chamal, 700 m., UMMZ
111341 (3); El Chihue, 1880 m., UMMZ 111289 (4); 11 km. N Gomez Farias,
1060 m., UMMZ 101166; 11 km. WNW Gomez Farias, 1800 m., UMMZ 108507 (3);
8 km. NW Gomez Farias, 1060-1400 m., LSUMZ 11085, UMMZ 101167 (3),
101168 (4), 101169 (2), 101170 (3), 101171 (2), 101360-61, 102860,
102933 (4), 102934 (2), 102935-38, 102939 (2), 102940-43, 108800 (3),
110735, 111345-46.
=Syrrhophus pipilans= Taylor
_Syrrhophus pipilans_ Taylor, 1940c:95-97, pl. 1 [Holotype.--FMNH
100072 (formerly EHT-HMS 6843), 14.6 km. S Mazatlan, Guerrero,
Mexico; collected on July 22, 1936, by Edward H. Taylor].
_Diagnosis._--Medium sized frogs, males 22.6-28.5 mm. snout-vent,
females 21.1-29.4 mm. snout-vent length; vocal slits present in males;
finger tips slightly expanded, truncate in outline; inner metatarsal
tubercle less than twice the size of outer; skin of dorsum smooth to
shagreened, that of venter smooth; tympanum 36.5-54.0 per cent diameter
of eye; dorsum dark brown with large or small light brown, orange-brown,
or yellowish spots or blotches; limbs banded; interorbital bar absent.
[Illustration: FIG. 15: Dicegrams of ear size relative to eye
diameter in the two subspecies of _Syrrhophus pipilans_. N = 17
in _nebulosus_, 18 in _pipilans_.]
_Remarks._--Two subspecies were recognized by Duellman (1958).
Previously both had been treated as species. The two populations were
distinguished on the basis of color pattern and the size of the
tympanum. Measurements of 17 males of _S. p. nebulosus_ from central
Chiapas and 18 males of _S. p. pipilans_ from southcentral Oaxaca and
Guerrero, Mexico, demonstrates that the supposed difference in tympanum
size is not significant (Fig. 15). There is, however, a tendency for
the western population of _S. pipilans_ to have larger tympani. Based on
the present examination of 112 specimens of this species the two
populations are held to be sufficiently distinct to warrant taxonomic
recognition as subspecies (Fig. 16).
[Illustration: FIG. 16: _Syrrhophus pipilans nebulosus_ (left,
KU 58908) and _S. p. pipilans_ (right, KU 86885). x2.7.]
The parotoid glands attributed to this species by Taylor (1940c:95) are
merely the superficial expression of the _m. depressor mandibulae_ and
scapula. No true glands are present in the parotoid region.
=Syrrhophus pipilans nebulosus= Taylor
_Syrrhophus nebulosus_ Taylor, 1943:353-55, pl. 27, figs. 3-5
[Holotype.--FMNH 100095 (formerly EHT-HMS 3774), near Tonola,
Chiapas, Mexico; collected on August 27, 1935, by Hobart M.
Smith and Edward H. Taylor]. Smith and Taylor, 1948:49, 51.
_Syrrhophus pipilans nebulosus_: Duellman, 1958:2-4, 9, 12, 14.
Stuart, 1963:32-33. Gorham, 1966:166-67.
_Diagnosis._--Diameter of tympanum 36.6-47.8 per cent that of eye;
dorsum dark brown with numerous small light brown to yellowish spots.
_Remarks._--The distribution of this subspecies is adequately described
by Duellman (1958). Fouquette (1960) described the vocalization of this
frog.
_Etymology._--Latin, _nebula_, in reference to the clouded dorsal
pattern.
_Distribution._--Low to moderate elevations along the Pacific versant of
Chiapas and in the Grijalva valley of Chiapas and Guatemala (Fig. 17).
_Specimens examined._--(54) GUATEMALA, _Huehuetenango_: Jacaltenango,
UMMZ 117036; 35 km. SE La Mesilla, TNHC 29652. MEXICO, _Chiapas_: 11.2
km. N Arriaga, 300 m., UMMZ 125891; 11.8 km. N Arriaga, UMMZ 117279;
12.8 km. N Arriaga, UMMZ 117280; 17.5 km. S Arriaga, UIMNH 57108-109;
1.5 km. S Bochil, 1250 m., KU 58898-908; Cerro Hueco, 7 km. S Tuxtla
Gutierrez, UMMZ 123007; 3.2 km. S Ixtapa, UMMZ 124000; Linda Vista, ca.
2 km. NW Pueblo Nuevo Solistahuacan, KU 58897; Hda. Monserrate, 40 km.
NW Arriaga, UMMZ 102258; near San Ricardo, FMNH 100720; Tapachula, FMNH
75792, 103242, 100695-96, UIMNH 13292; 56 km. E Tapanatepec, Oaxaca,
TNHC 26942, Tonola, FMNH 100095 (holotype), 100686-92, UIMNH 13293-95;
Tuxtla Gutierrez, FMNH 100693-94, UIMNH 13297; 19 km. N Tuxtla
Gutierrez, TNHC 25229-30; 15.5 km. NE Tuxtla Gutierrez, UMMZ 119892 (3);
19 km. NE Tuxtla Gutierrez, UMMZ 119891 (3); 8 km. NNW Tuxtla Gutierrez,
KU 37809; Union de Juarez, FMNH 105294.
=Syrrhophus pipilans pipilans= Taylor
_?Syrrhopus verruculatus_: Gadow, 1905:194.
_Syrrhophus pipilans_ Taylor, 1940c:95-97, pl. 1 [Holotype.--FMNH
100072 (formerly EHT-HMS 6843), from 14.6 km. S Mazatlan,
Guerrero, Mexico; collected on July 22, 1936, by Edward H. Taylor].
Taylor and Smith, 1945:581-82. Smith and Taylor, 1948:49, 50-51.
_Syrrhophus pipilans pipilans_: Duellman, 1958:1-4, 8-9, 13-14,
pl. 2, fig. 1. Gorham, 1966:166.
_Diagnosis._--Diameter of tympanum 40.6-54.0 per cent that of eye;
dorsum dark brown with large light spots or blotches.
_Remarks._--Duellman's (1958) synopsis of this subspecies is adequate;
the distribution has not been extended, but several records are now
available which fill in gaps.
[Illustration: FIG. 17: Distribution of _Syrrhophus pipilans_:
_nebulosus_ (open circles) and _pipilans_ (solid circles).]
Gadow's (1905) record of _S. verruculatus_ from "Buena Vista, S.
Guerrero" is most likely applicable to this species. Gadow simply
included the name in a list of the species he had collected during his
trip in Mexico (1902-04); no further comment was made on this species
although references to _Syrrhopus_ (sic) appear in several places in the
paper and would appear to apply to the species he had.
_Etymology._--Latin, _pipilo_, chirping, peeping, in reference to the
call of the male.
_Distribution._--Sea level to about 1800 meters along the Pacific
versant of western Mexico from central Guerrero to the Isthmus of
Tehuantepec (Fig. 17).