PART I._Navies of the world

Transcriber’s Notes:

Underscores “_” before and after a word or phrase indicate _italics_

in the original text.

Equal signs “=” before and after a word or phrase indicate =bold=

in the original text.

Small capitals have been converted to SOLID capitals.

Illustrations have been moved so they do not break up paragraphs.

Old or antiquated spellings have been preserved.

Typographical and punctuation errors have been silently corrected.

NAVIES of THE WORLD;

GIVING CONCISE DESCRIPTIONS OF THE

PLANS, ARMAMENT AND ARMOR

OF THE

NAVAL VESSELS

TWENTY OF THE PRINCIPAL NATIONS.

TOGETHER WITH THE

_LATEST DEVELOPMENTS IN ORDNANCE,

TORPEDOES, AND NAVAL ARCHITECTURE_,

AND A CONCISE SUMMARY OF THE

PRINCIPAL NAVAL BATTLES OF THE LAST TWENTY YEARS,

1860-1880.

LIEUT. EDWARD W. VERY, U.S.N.

NEW YORK:

JOHN WILEY & SONS,

15 ASTOR PLACE.

1880.

COPYRIGHTED, 1880, BY

JOHN WILEY & SON.

PREFACE

During the past twenty years the changes in the “matériel” of which

fleets are composed have been so rapid and universal that it has been

impossible at any time to form a true estimate of the strength of the

navy of any maritime power that would be of any value beyond a very

limited time. With displacements advancing from 5000 to 13,000 tons;

weight and power of ordnance developing beyond the most exaggerated

conceptions of twenty years ago; torpedo warfare springing into

existence and developing as a new and special arm; modifications in

engines and boilers by which speed has been developed from 12 to 18

knots, and steaming capacity from 2500 to 6000 miles; the revolution

of naval tactics, and the entire change in the conditions of naval

warfare brought about by the development of armor defence and the ram

attack,—it is only through paying the closest attention and under

exceptionally favorable circumstances that naval officers have been

able to comprehend the magnitude of the general result.

It is only within the past two years that the craze for naval

development has subsided to a slow and steady advance, and the present

time has been seized upon as one favorable for measuring the actual

strength and resources of the navies of the world.

In preparing this work the author has simply aimed at representing in

as detailed a manner as possible all the elements which go to make up

the active naval strength, leaving to those who in their search for

information may have recourse to the data herein presented to estimate

the values of these elements as they are developed and combined in

different navies, and to judge for themselves of the true value of the

results obtained.

In collecting this data the greatest care has been taken to only

give such as is entirely authentic. For the most part it has come

from official sources, and, wherever it has been necessary to make

comparisons or to give opinions, the writer has in no case given his

own independent ideas on the subject. The principal authorities,

aside from official records, whose works have been consulted are:

Reed, White, Dislere, Marchal, and De St. Bon, on Naval Architecture;

Owens, Mayevski, Sebert, Müller, and Cooke, on Ordnance; Schleeman and

Stotherd, on Torpedoes; and Von Billerbeck, on the iron-clads of the

first decade.

EDWARD W. VERY,

_Lieutenant U. S. Navy_.

WASHINGTON, June, 1880.

CONTENTS.

PAGE

PART I.—FLEETS 1

Argentine Confederation, Austria, Brazil, Chili, China,

Denmark, England (Armored Fleet, Unarmored Fast

Cruisers), France (Armored Fleet, Unarmored Fast

Cruisers), Germany, Greece, Holland, Italy, Japan,

Norway and Sweden, Peru, Portugal, Russia, Spain,

Turkey, United States.

THE PRINCIPAL BATTLES OF TWENTY YEARS—1860-1880.

_Bombardments of Earthworks._—Hatteras Inlet, Hilton

Head, Fort Henry, Roanoke Island, Fort Donelson,

Fort Darling, Fort Hindman, Grand Gulf, Simonoseki,

Kagosima, Fort Wagner, Fort McAllister, Fort Fisher,

Danube Forts, Callao.

_Bombardments of Masonry Forts._—Fort Sumter, Forts

Jackson and St. Philip.

_Passages of Forts._—Forts Jackson and St. Philip,

Vicksburg Earthworks, Port Hudson Earthworks, Fort

Morgan, Vicksburg Earthworks (second time).

_Assaults._—Fort Sumter, Fort Fisher, Korean Forts.

_Deliberate General Actions._—Memphis, Helgoland, Lissa.

_Dashes._—Passages of the Mississippi, Vicksburg,

Charleston.

_Iron-Clads against Wooden Vessels._—Hampton Roads,

Roanoke River, Albemarle Sound, Black Sea, Ylo Bay,

Iquique Harbor.

_Duels._—Monitor and Merrimac; Alabama and Hatteras;

Weehawken and Atlanta; Kearsarge and Alabama; Meteor

and Bouvet; Almirante Cochrane, Blanco Encalada, and

Huascar.

PART II.—NAVAL ORDNANCE 175

_Austria._—Tables of Weight and Measurement. Uchatius

Construction.

_Argentine Confederation, Brazil, Chili, China, Denmark_

_England._—Tables of Weight and Measurement. Woolwich

Guns, Armstrong Guns. Gun-Carriages. Gunpowder.

Cartridges. Projectiles. Fuses. Primers. Sights.

_Palliser Construction_, _Whitworth Construction_,

_Vavasseur Construction_.

_France._—Tables of Weight and Measurement. Guns.

Carriages. Gunpowder Cartridges. Projectiles. Fuses.

Primers. Sights. Accessories.

_Germany._—Tables of Weight and Measurement. Guns.

Carriages, Gunpowder Projectiles. Fuses.

_Italy._—Tables of Weight and Measurement. Guns.

_Greece, Holland, Japan._

_Sweden and Norway._—Tables of Weight and Measurement.

Guns. _Nordenfelt Machine-Gun_, _Palmcrantz

Machine-Gun_.

_Russia._—Tables of Weight and Measurement. Guns.

_Peru, Portugal, Spain, Turkey._

_United States._—Tables of Weight and Measurement. Guns.

Carriages. Gunpowder. Projectiles. Fuses. Sights.

Accessories. _Hotchkiss Machine-Gun_, _Gatling

Machine-Gun_.

_Small-Arms._—Snider, Tabatière, Krnka, Springfield,

Peabody-Martini, Werndl, Mauser, Le Gras (Chassepot),

Berdan, Remington, Hotchkiss Magazine.

Recapitulatory Table of Naval Ordnance. Penetration Tables.

PART III.—TORPEDOES 323

Whitehead, Lay, Harvey, Menzing, French Towing, American

Spar-Torpedo. _Torpedo Vessels_—Pietro Micca,

Ran, Ziethen, Vesuvius, Uzreef, Alarm, Intrepid,

Destroyer, Uhlan. _Torpedo Boats_—Thornycroft,

Yarrow, Herreshoff; Ship’s Boats; Submarine Boats.

Drifting Torpedoes. Defences against Torpedoes.

_Defensive Torpedoes_—Frame Torpedo, Brooks’s

Torpedo, Singer’s Torpedo, Barrel Torpedo. Torpedo

Fuses. Clearing Channels of Torpedoes. Actions with

Torpedoes during twenty years.

PART IV.—ARCHITECTURE AND CONSTRUCTION 355

Architectural Development of the Unarmored Fleet; Chart

of the Architectural Development. Constructional

Development of the Unarmored Fleet—Wooden

Construction, Diagonal Construction, Composite

Construction, Iron Construction, Iron Sheathed with

Wood. Architectural Development of Armored Vessels.

Ratios of the Principal Elements of Iron-clad Vessels

to their Displacement.

PART V.—PERSONNEL; BUDGETS 397

Argentine Republic, Austria, Brazil, Chili, England,

France, Germany, Holland, Italy, Japan, Norway

and Sweden, Russia, Spain, Turkey, United States,

Denmark, Greece, Peru, Portugal. Table of Budgets of

Sixteen Navies, from 1875 to 1880.

PART I.

FLEETS.

ARGENTINE.

ARGENTINE CONFEDERATION IRON-CLADS.

A = Length between Perpendiculars.

B = Breadth of Beam.

C = Draft.

D = Displacement.

E = Indicated Horse-power.

F = Maximum Speed.

G = Armor.

H = Backing.

============+===+===+====+=====+===+=====+===+===+===================

| | | | | | | | |

TYPE AND | A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | BATTERY.

------------+---+---+----+-----+---+-----+---+---+-------------------

Single- |Ft.|Ft.| Ft.|Tons.| |Knots|In.|Ft.|

El Plata |165| 44|10½ |1,800|750| 12 |5½ |12 |II 9-inch Armstrong

El Andes |165| 44|10½ |1,800|750| 12 |5½ |12 |II 9-inch ”

------------+---+---+----+-----+---+-----+---+---+-------------------

GENERAL-SERVICE FLEET.

==================+===============+=======

TYPE AND NAME. | Displacement. | Guns.

------------------+---------------+-------

| Tons. |

Iron Corvettes. | |

Parana | 800 | 4

Uruguay | 800 | 2

------------------+---------------+-------

Iron Screw | |

Gun-boats. | |

Constitucion | 750 | 1

Republica | 750 | 1

Bermejo | 750 | 1

Pilcomayo | 750 | 1

------------------+---------------+-------

Gun-boats. | |

Almirante Brown | 1,000 | 6

Vigilante | 400 | 1

Resguando | 400 | 1

Coronel Paz | 700 | 3

Pavon | 600 | 2

Gualeguaz | 300 | 1

------------------+---------------+-------

Paddle Gun-boats. | |

Luisita | 120 | 1

Choelechoel | 120 | 1

Gonzalo | 150 | 1

Rio Negro | 220 | 1

------------------+---------------+-------

Torpedo vessels. Thorneycroft.

-----------------------------------------

EL PLATA. EL ANDES.

High-sided ram monitors. Armored belt, casemate, and single turrets.

Ram bow and round stern. Twin screws and half sail-power. (See Buffel,

Dutch.)

PARANA. URUGUAY.

Iron, second-class corvettes, sheathed with wood, carrying two 6½-inch

pivots amidships, two 20-pdrs. in broadside, and a light forecastle

gun. Covered poop and forecastle. Bridge just forward of the main mast.

Single screw, full sail-power.

[Illustration]

CONSTITUCION. REPUBLICA. BERMEJO. PILCOMAYO.

Iron, double-screw, second-class gun-boats, carrying one 12-inch gun

firing through a bow-port. (See Alpha, Chinese.)

AUSTRIA.

ARMORED FLEET.

A = Length between Perpendiculars.

B = Breadth of Beam.

C = Maximum Draft.

D = Displacement.

E = Construction Material.

F = Greatest thickness of Armor.

---------------+-----+-----+-------+-------+------+-----

| | | | | |

TYPE AND | A | B | C | D | E | F

| | | | | |

---------------+-----+-----+-------+-------+------+-----

| Ft. | Ft. |Ft. in.| Tons. | | In.

| | | | | |

Tegetthoff | 287 | 71 | 26 7 | 7,300 | Iron | 14½

Custoza | 302 | 58 | 25 10 | 7,060 | ” | 9

Erzherzog | 276 | 54 | 23 3 | 5,940 | ” | 8

---------------+-----+-----+-------+-------+------+-----

Lissa | 275 | 55 | 28 2 | 6,080 | Wood | 6¼

Kaiser | 264 | 59 | 25 8 | 5,810 | ” | 6¼

Don Juan | 222 | 44 | 22 6 | 3,550 | Iron | 8

Kaiser Max | 222 | 44 | 22 6 | 3,550 | ” | 8

Prinz Eugen | 222 | 44 | 22 6 | 3,550 | ” | 8

---------------+-----+-----+-------+-------+------+-----

Ferdinand Max| 253 | 51 | 24 10 | 5,140 | Wood | 5

Hapsburg | 253 | 51 | 24 10 | 5,140 | ” | 5

Salamander | 197 | 44 | 21 3 | 3,110 | ” | 4¾

---------------+-----+-----+-------+-------+------+-----

Maros | 160 | 27 | 3 6 | 310 | Iron | 2

Leitha | 160 | 27 | 3 6 | 310 | ” | 2

---------------+-----+-----+-------+-------+------+-----

Spalato |Experimental single-turreted citadel ship

---------------+-----+-----+-------+-------+------+-----

G = Backing.

H = Indicated Horse-power.

I = Maximum Speed.

J = Date of Launch.

---------------+-----+-------+-----+-------+--------------------------

| | | | |

TYPE AND | G | H | I | J | BATTERY.

| | | | |

---------------+-----+-------+-----+-------+--------------------------

---------------+-----+-----+-------+-------+------+-----

Tegetthoff | 10 | 7,200 | 14 | 1878 | VI 11-inch Krupp.

Custoza | 7 | 4,650 | 14 | 1872 | VIII 10-inch ”

Erzherzog | 8 | 4,000 | 13½ | 1872 | VIII 9-inch ”

---------------+-----+-----+-------+-------+------+-----

Lissa | 28 | 3,700 | 13½ | 1869 | XII 9-inch ”

Kaiser | 29 | 3,130 | 12½ | 1871 | X 9-inch Armstrong.

Don Juan | 8 | 2,900 | 13 | 1875 | VIII 8¼-inch Krupp.

Kaiser Max | 8 | 2,866 | 13¼ | 1875 | VIII 8¼-inch ”

Prinz Eugen | 8 | 2,900 | 13 | 1876 | VIII 8¼-inch ”

---------------+-----+-----+-------+-------+------+-----

Ferdinand Max| 26 | 2,912 | 12½ | 1865 | XIV 7-inch Armstrong.

Hapsburg | 26 | 3,090 | 12½ | 1865 | XIV 7-inch ”

Salamander | 23½ | 2,060 | 11½ | 1861 | X 7-inch ”

---------------+-----+-----+-------+-------+------+-----

Maros | 8 | 320 | 8½ | 1871 | II 5¾-inch Wahrendorf.

Leitha | 8 | 320 | 8½ | 1871 | II 5¾-inch ”

---------------+-----+-----+-------+-------+------+-----

Spalato | | II 17-inch Armstrong.

---------------+-----+-----+-------+-------+------+-----

TEGETTHOFF.

Partial armored belt and long redoubt. Ram bow, straight overhanging

stern. The armored belt encircles the water-line aft and as far forward

as the commencement of the bow-frames, where it ends in an armored

bulkhead, the lower edge being carried forward in a heavy steel deck,

the thickness of the belt being carried out to the bow with cork

filling. The belt rises to the height of the main-deck beams. The

redoubt has an overhang of five feet, being cut back in the wake of the

centre-ports as a protection to the muzzles of the guns. The corners

are cut and hollowed for angular ports, giving bow and beam fire. The

sides are given a rank tumble home forward and abaft the redoubt, to

open the fore-and-aft fire. An armored pilot-house rises well above the

spar-deck rail at the forward end of the redoubt. A heavily armored

athwartship bulkhead crosses the redoubt just abaft the forward guns

as a protection from raking fire. Three-quarter sail-power, barkentine

rig, single screw.

[Illustration: TEGETTHOFF.]

CUSTOZA. ERZHERZOG ALBRECHT.

Armored belt and _double-decked_ casemate; ram bow, round overhanging

stern, single screw, full sail-power. The armored belt encircles the

water-line to the height of the main-deck beams, the casemate rising

sheer to the top of the spar-deck rail. Forward, the side is carried

back from the main-deck up, parallel to the keel, to open bow-fire from

the forward guns. Aft, the side is recessed for the upper deck alone.

Stern-fire is secured from a single unprotected heavy spar-deck rifle

working in three ports for stern and beam fire. The Albrecht has 1200

tons less displacement than the Custoza, with a lighter battery and a

speed one half knot less. The casemate guns each work in two ports for

fore-and-aft and beam fire.

[Illustration: CUSTOZA.]

LISSA. KAISER.

Armored belt, casemate, and spar-deck redoubt. Ram bow, round

overhanging stern, single screw, full sail-power. The belt encircles

the ship to the height of the main-deck beams. There is no fore-and-aft

fire from the casemate, that being secured by an upper-deck redoubt

mounted on the forward end of the casemate and having an overhang of

about five feet. (See Sultan’s spar-deck redoubt.) Mixed construction,

the armored part of the hull being of wood and the unarmored upper

works of iron.

DON JUAN. KAISER MAX. PRINZ EUGEN.

Armored belt and casemate, ram bow, round overhanging stern, single

screw, full sail-power. The belt encircles the water-line to the

height of the main-deck beams, coming down forward in a curve over

the point of the ram. The casemate rises to the spar-deck beams. The

side forward on the main-deck is recessed to open forward fire from

the casemate. No after-fire from the casemate, that being secured by

unprotected light stern-guns. These ships are rebuilt from broadside

iron-clads.

[Illustration: DON JUAN.]

FERDINAND MAX. HAPSBURG. SALAMANDER.

Broadside frigates; ram bow, round stern, single screw, full

sail-power. The armor is complete from below the water-line to the

spar-deck beams, coming down forward in steps, below the point of the

ram, to give a heavy support and a strong junction between the wooden

hull and the armor. Armored pilot-house just abaft the main-mast. There

is a light armored traverse forward, forming the forward part of the

spar-deck rail and protecting a bow-gun working in two large bow-ports

for fore-and-aft and beam fire. The Ferdinand Max is the frigate that

sank the Re d’Italia by ramming at the battle of Lissa.

[Illustration: FERDINAND MAX.]

MAROS. LEITHA.

Single-turreted, light-draft river monitors. The freeboard is 38 inches

amidships and 20 inches forward and abaft, the deck being curved fore

and aft. The turret is revolved by hand, having on top of it an armored

pilot-house. The weakness in the hull armor is made up by sinking the

ship when going into action until only the amidship part is out of

water. The bow and stern ends are completely unarmored.

SPALATO (LATE DRACHE).

Originally a sister-ship to the Salamander; now being rebuilt as a

citadel ship on the general plan of the Inflexible, but to carry one

turret armed with two 17-inch rifles.

AUSTRIAN GENERAL-SERVICE FLEET.

-----------------------+---------------+------

TYPE AND NAME. | Displacement. | Guns.

| Tons. |

-----------------------+---------------+------

Frigates. | |

Radetzky | 3,380 | 15

Laudon | 3,380 | 15

-----------------------+---------------+------

Corvettes. | |

Donau | 2,400 | 11

Saida | 2,400 | 11

Dandolo | 1,690 | 14

Erzherzog Friedrich | 1,540 | 14

Fasana | 1,940 | 4

Helgoland | 1,790 | 5

Zrinyi | 1,320 | 4

Frundsberg | 1,320 | 4

Aurora | 1,320 | 4

-----------------------+---------------+------

Gun-boat. | |

Dalmat | 886 | 4

-----------------------+---------------+------

Screw Gun-boats. | |

Hun | 886 | 4

Zara | 815 | 2

Exp. Gun-boat | 640 | 2

Nautilus | 560 | 2

Albatros | 560 | 2

Kerka | 530 | 2

Narenta | 530 | 2

Sansego | 344 | 2

Möve | 364 | 2

-----------------------+---------------+------

Paddle Gun-boats. | |

Miramar | 1,800 | 2

Elisabeth | 1,540 | 5

Garguano | 1,855 | 2

Triest | 885 | 2

Andreas Hofer | 816 | 3

Taurus | 560 | 3

Triton | 177 | 2

-----------------------+---------------+------

Yachts. | |

Greif | 1,330 | 2

Fantasie | 325 |

-----------------------+---------------+------

Transports. | |

Pola | 895 | 2

Cyclop | 2,115 | 2

-----------------------+---------------+------

Tenders. | |

Grille | 354 | 2

Gemse | 354 | 2

Alnoch | 177 |

Thurn Taxis | 118 |

Gorzkowski | 40 |

-----------------------+---------------+------

School-ships. Guard-ships. Hulks. Store-ships. Thorneycroft

torpedo-boats rigged for Whitehead torpedoes.

BRAZIL.

ARMORED FLEET.

A = Backing.

B = Displacement.

C = Construction Material.

------------------+-----------------+-----+-------+-------+------

TYPE AND NAME. +-----------------+ A | B | Mean | C

------------------+--------+--------+-----+-------+-------+------

Turret Ships.

Solimoës | 6 | 12 | 10 | 3,660 | 11 6 | ”

Javari | 6 | 12 | 10 | 3,660 | 11 6 | ”

Lima Barros | 3 | 4.5 | 8 | 1,330 | 13 5 | ”

Silvado | 3 | 4.5 | 9 | 1,130 | 10 6 | ”

Bahia | 2.75 | 4.5 | 11 | 964 | 8 6 | ”

------------------+--------+--------+-----+-------+-------+------

Casemate Ships.

Tamandaré | 2.5 | 4 | 25 | 964 | 7 9 | Wood

Barrozo | 2.5 | 4.5 | 25 | 964 | 8 5 | ”

Cabral | 2.75 | 4.5 | 8 | 1,016 | 11 5 | Iron

Colombo | 2.75 | 4.5 | 8 | 1,016 | 12 1 | ”

Herval | 2.75 | 4.5 | 8.5| 787 | 9 6 | ”

Mariz é Barros | 2.75 | 4.5 | 8.5| 787 | 9 6 | ”

Brazil | 2.75 | 4.5 | 8.5| 1,493 | 12 5 | ”

------------------+--------+--------+-----+-------+-------+------

River Monitors.

Alagoas | 2 | 4.5 | 14.5| 334 | 4 11 | Wood

Pará | 2 | 4.5 | 14.5| 334 | 4 11 | ”

Rio Grande | 2 | 4.5 | 14.5| 334 | 4 11 | ”

Santa Catarina | 2 | 4.5 | 14.5| 334 | 4 11 | ”

Ceara | 2 | 4.5 | 14.5| 334 | 4 11 | ”

Pianhy | 2 | 4.5 | 14.5| 334 | 4 11 | ”

------------------+--------+--------+-----+-------+-------+------

D = Maximum Speed.

E = Date of Launch.

------------------+---------+-------+-----+-------------------------

| | | |

Type and Name. | Horse- | D | E | BATTERY.

| power. | | |

------------------+---------+-------+-----+-------------------------

| | Knots.|Year.|

------------------+---------+-------+-----+-------------------------

Turret Ships.

|Nominal | | |

Sete de Setembro| 300 | |1876 | IV 9¼-inch Whitworth.

+---------+-------+-----+-------------------------

|Indicated| | |

Solimoës |2,200 | 11 |1875 | IV 10¼-inch ”

+---------+-------+-----+-------------------------

|Indicated| | |

Javari |1,685 | 11 |1875 | IV 10-¼-inch ”

+---------+-------+-----+-------------------------

|Nominal | | |

Lima Barros | 300 | 12 |1866 | IV 7-inch ”

+---------+-------+-----+-------------------------

Silvado | 200 | 11 |1866 | IV 5.8-inch ”

Bahia | 140 | 10.5 |1865 | II 7-inch ”

------------------+---------+-------+-----+-------------------------

Casemate Ships.

Tamandaré | 80 | 8.5 |1865 | III 68-pdr. smooth-bore.

| | | | I 5.8-inch ”

+---------+-------+-----+-------------------------

| | | | III 4.7-inch ”

Barrozo | 130 | 9 |1864 | II 7-inch ”

| | | | II 68-pdr.

+---------+-------+-----+-------------------------

Cabral | 240 | 10.5 |1864 | II 5.8-inch Whitworth.

| | | | IV 68-pdr. smooth-bore.

+---------+-------+-----+-------------------------

Colombo | 240 | 10.5 |1864 |VIII 68-pdr. ”

Herval | 200 | 9 |1865 | IV 7-inch Whitworth.

+---------+-------+-----+-------------------------

Mariz é Barros | 200 | 9 |1865 | II 7-inch ”

| | | | II 68-pdr. smooth-bore.

+---------+-------+-----+-------------------------

Brazil | 250 | 11.5 |1865 | IV 7-inch Whitworth.

| | | | IV 68-pdr. smooth-bore.

------------------+---------+-------+-----+-------------------------

River Monitors. | | | |

Alagoas | 30 | 7.5 |1864 | I 5.8-inch Whitworth.

Pará | 30 | 7.5 |1864 | I 5.8-inch ”

Rio Grande | 30 | 7.5 |1864 | I 5.8-inch ”

Santa Catarina | 30 | 7.5 |1864 | I 7-inch ”

Ceara | 30 | 7.5 |1864 | I 7-inch ”

Pianhy | 30 | 7.5 |1864 | I 7-inch ”

------------------+---------+-------+-----+-------------------------

SOLIMÖES. JAVARI.

[Illustration: SOLIMÖES.]

Double-turreted, low-freeboard monitors of the American type. No

overhang. Twin screws. Guns loaded by hydraulic apparatus outside the

turrets. No port stoppers or shutters. Magazines and shell-rooms under

the turrets. Pilot-house just abaft the forward turret. Flying deck

communicating with the lower deck by a musket-proof passage, and armed

with two 9-pdr. Whitworth rifles and two Gatling guns for defence

against torpedo-boats. Armor of decreasing thickness at bow and stern.

Boats stow on the flying deck without davits, being hoisted in and out

by a derrick and the signal-mast. Water-closets and bath-rooms on the

flying deck.

LIMA BARROS. SILVADO. BAHIA.

Double-turreted, high freeboard vessels with a drop rail; three-quarter

sail-power. (See Prinz Hendrik, Dutch.) The Silvado is unseaworthy.

BRAZIL.

[Illustration: BRAZIL.]

Armored belt and casemate; ram bow, round stern. The belt encircles

the water-line to the height of the upper deck. The casemate springs

up sheer from the upper deck with ports in all four faces for

all-around fire. There is no direct communication between the forward

and after parts of the vessel except through the casemate ports. Single

screw, full sail-power.

CABRAL. COLOMBO.

Similar to the Brazil, but smaller. In these vessels the casemate is

divided into two sections by the engine, which projects into it.

TAMANDARE. BARROSO.

Similar to the Brazil, but smaller and having no fore-and-aft fire at

all.

THE SIX RIVER MONITORS.

Single-turreted, light-draft river monitors, the turrets being square

and mounted on turn-tables.

BRAZILIAN WOODEN FLEET.

(Steam.)

-------------------------+--------

TYPE AND NAME. | Guns.

-------------------------+--------

Screw Frigate. |

Amazonas | 14

-------------------------+--------

Corvettes. |

Nictheroy | 14

Trajano | 3

Vital do Oliveira | 6

Magé | 8

Belmonte | 3

-------------------------+--------

Paddle Corvette |

Paraense | 4

-------------------------+--------

Screw Gun-boats. |

Araguary | 3

Pedro Affonso | 1

Forte de Coimbra | 1

Ypiranga | 2

-------------------------+--------

Paddle-wheel Gun-boats. |

Henrique Diaz | 1

Vidal de Negreiros | 1

Greenhalgh | 2

Taquary | 4

Henrique Martins | 2

Felippe Camarão | 1

-------------------------+--------

Tenders. |

Bonifacio | 2

Braconnot | 1

Apa | 1

Moema | 2

Lamego | 1

Antonio João | 2

Corumba | 2

-------------------------+--------

Paddle-wheel Transports. |

Madeira |

Punes |

Leopoldina |

Werneck |

-------------------------+-------+

CHILI.

ARMORED FLEET.

A = Length between Perpendiculars.

B = Breadth of Beam.

C = Maximum Draft.

D = Displacement.

E = Construction Material.

F = Armor.

----------------------+---+---+---+-----+----+-------

TYPE AND NAME. | A | B | C | D | E | F

| | | | | |

----------------------+---+---+---+-----+----+-------

|Ft.|Ft.|Ft.| Tons| |Inches.

Almirante Cochrane |179|46 |20 |3,430|Iron| 9

Blanco Encalada |179|46 |20 |3,430| ” | 9

----------------------+---+---+---+-----+----+-------

Huascar |196|35 |15½|1,800| ” | 5½

----------------------+---+---+---+-----+----+-------

G = Backing.

H = Indicated Horse-power.

I = Maximum Speed.

J = Date of Launch.

----------------------+----+-----+-----+----+-----------------------

TYPE AND NAME. | G | H | I | J | BATTERY.

| | | | |

----------------------+----+-----+-----+----+-----------------------

Almirante Cochrane | 9¼ |3,000| 13 |1874| VI 9-inch,.

+----+-----+-----+----+-----------------------

Blanco Encalada | 9¼ |3,000| 13 |1875| VI 9-inch,

----------------------+----+-----+-----+----+-----------------------

Huascar | 4½ |1,500| 11 |1864| II 9-inch,

----------------------+----+-----+-----+----+-----------------------

CHILIAN GENERAL-SERVICE FLEET.

--------------------+---------------+------

TYPE AND NAME. | Displacement. | Guns.

--------------------+---------------+------

| Tons. |

| |

Corvettes. | |

O’Higgins | 1,083 | 7

Chacabuco | 1,083 | 7

Magellanes | 760 | 4

--------------------+---------------+------

Paddle Gun-boats. | |

Abtao | 1,034 | 5

Valdivia | 726 | 3

Ancud | 490 | 1

Independencia | 348 | 2

Tolten | 286 | 2

--------------------+---------------+------

Tender. | |

Covadonga | 395 | 2

--------------------+---------------+------

ALMIRANTE COCHRANE. BLANCO ENCALADA.

Armored belt and redoubt, ram bow, round stern, twin screws,

three-quarter sail-power. The armored belt encloses the water-line

to the height of the main-deck beams. The redoubt is crenelated, the

after-part having an overhang of about five feet, thus giving clear

forward fire to the first two pairs of guns. The ship’s side forward

and abaft the redoubt is given a rank tumble home to open the fire.

Clear, flush upper deck.

[Illustration: ALMIRANTE COCHRANE.]

HUASCAR.

[Illustration: HUASCAR.]

Sea-going turret vessel. Swan-breasted ram bow, pointed stern,

single screw, three-quarter sail-power. Armored belt encircling the

water-line to the height of the upper-deck beams. Tripod fore-mast

with the single turret just abaft it. No direct bow-fire on account

of a topgallant forecastle, and no direct stern-fire from the turret

owing to a poop-cabin. Light, unprotected poop-guns secure fire in this

direction. Drop-rail in wake of the turret. Armored pilot-house just

abaft turret. (Captured in 1879 from the Peruvians.)

CHINA.

A = Length between Perpendiculars.

B = Breadth of Beam.

C = Maximum Draft.

D = Displacement.

E = Indicated Horse-power.

F = Maximum Speed.

----------------+---+---+----+----+---+-----+---------------------

| | | | | | |

TYPE AND NAME. | A | B | C | D | E | F | BATTERY.

| | | | | | |

----------------+---+---+----+----+---+-----+---------------------

|Ft.|Ft.| Ft.|Tons| |Knots|

Alpha |118| 27| 9 | 325|300| 9 | I 11-inch Armstrong.

Beta |118| 27| 9 | 325|300| 9 | I 11-inch ”

Gamma |120| 30| 9 | 400|340| 9 | I 12½-inch ”

Delta |120| 30| 9 | 400|340| 9 | I 12½-inch ”

Chin Pei |125| 29|10½ | 440|389| 10 | I 12-inch ”

Chin Shan |125| 29|10½ | 440|389| 10 | I 12-inch Vavasseur.

Fu Shing |125| 29|10½ | 440|389| 10 | I 12-inch ”

Lung Lang |125| 29|10½ | 440|389| 10 | I 12-inch ”

----------------+---+---+----+----+---+-----+---------------------

Torpedo-boats. Transports. Junks. Hulks. Guard- and School-Ships.

RIVER GUN-BOATS.

Iron, twin-screw gun-boats, carrying one heavy gun firing through

a musket-proof bow-port. Hydraulic loading apparatus underneath

the covered forecastle. Magazine and shell-rooms under the gun,

with side-hatches and railways for transporting the ammunition to

the muzzle. Bridge across the after-part of the high musket-proof

rail, with steering-wheel just abaft it and so low as only to permit

the helmsman’s head to come above the rail. After-rail low, with a

musket-proof booby-hatch over the engine-room.

[Illustration: ALPHA.]

DENMARK.

ARMORED FLEET.

A = Length between Perpendiculars.

B = Breadth of Beam.

C = Maximum Draft.

D = Displacement.

E = Construction Material.

F = Greatest thickness of Armor.

G = Backing.

---------------+-----+----+-----+-------+----+-----+----

| | | | | | |

TYPE AND NAME. | A | B | C | D | E | F | G

| | | | | | |

---------------+-----+----+-----+-------+----+-----+----

| Ft. | Ft.| Ft. | Tons | | In. | In.

Danmark | 269 | 49 | 19½ | 4,665 |Iron| 5 | 18

Peder Skram | 225 | 49 | 22 | 3,325 |Wood| 5 | 26

---------------+-----+----+-----+-------+----+-----+----

Rolf Krake | 185 | 38 | 10½ | 1,325 |Iron| 4½ | 9

Lindormen | 216 | 39 | 14¾ | 2,050 | ” | 5½ | 9¾

Gorm | 232 | 40 | 15 | 2,310 | ” | 8 | 9¾

---------------+-----+----+-----+-------+----+-----+----

Helgoland | 257 | 59 | 19 | 5,350 | ” | 12½ | 10

Odin | 237 | 48 | 16½ | 3,040 | ” | 8 | 10

---------------+-----+----+-----+-------+----+-----+----

Ingolf | 150 | 26 | 13 | 850 | ” | 2½ |

Absalon | 135 | 25 | 12 | 520 | ” | 2½ |

Esbern Snare| 135 | 25 | 12 | 520 | ” | 2½ |

Fylla | 140 | 25½| 12 | 550 | ” | 2½ |

Diana | 140 | 25½| 12 | 550 | ” | 2½ |

---------------+-----+----+-----+-------+----+-----+----

H = Indicated Horse-power.

I = Maximum Speed.

J = Date of Launch.

---------------+-------+------+-------+--------------------------

| | | |

Type and Name. | H | I | J | BATTERY.

| | | |

---------------+-------+------+-------+--------------------------

| |Knots | Year |

Frigates. | | | |

Danmark | 1,007 | 8.1 | 1864 | XII 8-inch Armstrong.

| | | | XII 36-pdr. smooth-bore.

+-------+------+-------+--------------------------

Peder Skram | 1,680 | 11.7 | 1864 | VIII 8-inch Armstrong.

| | | | VIII 36-pdr. smooth-bore.

---------------+-------+------+-------+--------------------------

Monitors. | | | |

Rolf Krake | 750 | 7.8 | 1863 | II 8-inch Armstrong.

Lindormen | 1,560 | 12 | 1868 | II 9-inch ”

Gorm | 1,670 | 12.2 | 1870 | II 10¼-inch ”

---------------+-------+------+-------+--------------------------

Casemate Ships.| | | |

| | | | I 12-inch Krupp.

Helgoland | 3,700 | 13 | 1878 | IV 10¼-inch ”

| | | | V 5¾-inch ”

+-------+------+-------+--------------------------

Odin | 2,260 | 12.4 | 1872 | IV 10¼-inch ”

---------------+-------+------+-------+--------------------------

Iron-clad | | | |

Gun-boats. | | | |

Ingolf | 700 | 13 | 1867 | III 8-inch Armstrong.

Absalon | 700 | 13 | 1869 | III ” ”

Esbern Snare| 700 | 13 | 1869 | III ” ”

Fylla | 700 | 13 | 1869 | III ” ”

Diana | 700 | 13 | 1869 | III ” ”

---------------+-------+------+-------+--------------------------

DANISH UNARMORED FLEET.

===============+===============+======

TYPE AND NAME. | Displacement. | Guns.

---------------+---------------+------

| Tons. |

Frigates. | |

Niels Juel | 2,350 | 26

Själland | 2,350 | 26

Jylland | 2,420 | 26

---------------+---------------+------

Corvettes. | |

Heimdal | 1,175 | 14

Dagmar | 1,176 | 14

St. Thomas | 1,546 | 5

---------------+---------------+------

Gun-boats. | |

Falster | 350 | 1

Möen | 350 | 1

Öresund | 240 | 1

Storebelt | 240 | 1

Lillebelt | 240 | 1

Thure | 145 | 2

Schröedersee | 145 | 2

Willemöes | 145 | 2

Krieger | 145 | 2

Marstrand | 145 | 2

Hauch | 95 | 1

Drogden | 50 | 1

---------------+---------------+------

DANMARK. PEDER SKRAM.

Broadside iron-clad frigates (See Ferdinand Max, Austrian), still

capable of forming part of cruising fleet, but of little use beyond

harbor defence.

ROLF KRAKE.

Monitor gun-boat, having a superstructure forming a covered forecastle

forward and officers quarters aft, the upper line of the superstructure

being carried along by a rail in wake of the turrets, which may be

dropped in action. Her turrets are small, containing one gun each and

capable of being turned by hand or by steam (Coles system). The armored

belt comes to the height of the deck-beams, and the deck is convex,

plated with ¾-inch steel. An armored pilot-house is placed well aft.

She has full sail-power.

[Illustration: ROLF KRAKE.]

LINDORMEN. GORM.

Single-turreted, breastwork, light-draft monitors. (See Buffel, Dutch.)

HELGOLAND.

Casemated iron-clad frigate with complete armored belt. No bow or stern

fire from the casemate, which carries four 10¼-inch Krupp rifles.

Forward on the upper deck is placed a 12-inch Krupp pivot for bow and

beam fire. Her armor at the water-line is 12 inches, diminishing to 6

at the bow and stern. She is provided with apparatus for discharging

Whitehead torpedoes from each beam above water.

ODIN.

Armored belt with elevated casemate. (See Brazil, Brazilian.) The

casemate contains four 10¼-inch Armstrong muzzle-loaders, each of which

fires from two ports. She has no spars except signal-masts.

INGOLF. ABSALON. ESBERN SNARE. FYLLA. DIANA.

Armored gun-boats, having fine lines and an armored belt from two feet

below the water-line to the deck-beams. Three unprotected pivot-guns

working amidships on centre-pivot carriages and firing over the rail.

Full sail-power and hoisting screw.

[Illustration: INGOLF.]

The wooden fleet is of the ordinary type of old-style steam corvettes

and gun-boats.

ENGLAND.

ARMORED FLEET.

A = Length between Perpendiculars.

B = Breadth of Beam.

C = Maximum Draft.

D = Displacement.

E = Construction Material.

F = Greatest thickness of Armor.

------------------+------+------+------+------+--------+-----

| A | B | C | D | E | F

------------------+------+------+------+------+--------+-----

Warrior |380 |58 |26 5 | 9,681| Iron | 4½

+------+------+------+------+--------+-----

Black Prince |380 |58 |27 | 9,681| ” | 4½

+------+------+------+------+--------+-----

Achilles |383 |58 |27 4 | 9,681| ” | 4½

+------+------+------+------+--------+-----

Northumberland |400 |59 5 |27 |10,395| ” | 5½

+------+------+------+------+--------+-----

Defence |280 |54 |25 6 | 6,074| ” | 4½

+------+------+------+------+--------+-----

Resistance |280 |54 |26 | 6,074| ” | 4½

+------+------+------+------+--------+-----

Hector |280 |56 5 |25 7 | 6,960| ” | 4½

+------+------+------+------+--------+-----

Valiant |280 |56 5 |26 10 | 6,420| ” | 4½

+------+------+------+------+--------+-----

Lord Warden |280 |58 9 |26 | 7,675| Wood | 7

Repulse |252 |59 |26 2 | 6,190| ” | 5

------------------+------+------+------+------+--------+-----

Agincourt |400 |59 5 |27 |10,395| Iron | 5½

Minotaur |400 |59 5 |27 |10,395| ” | 5½

+------+------+------+------+--------+-----

Bellerophon |300 |56 |26 | 7,540| ” | 7½

+------+------+------+------+--------+-----

Swiftsure |280 |55 |26 2 | 6,660| Iron | 9¼

+------+------+------+------+--------+-----

Triumph |280 |55 |26 2 | 6,660| ” | 9¼

+------+------+------+------+--------+-----

Audacious |280 |54 |28 | 6,084| ” | 9¼

+------+------+------+------+--------+----

Invincible |280 |54 |23 | 6,034| ” | 9¼

+------+------+------+------+--------+----

Iron Duke |280 |54 |23 | 6,034| ” | 9¼

+------+------+------+------+--------+----

Hercules |325 |59 |26 5 | 8,700| Iron |11

+------+------+------+------+--------+----

Sultan |325 |59 |27 6 | 9,286| ” |10½

+------+------+------+------+--------+----

Alexandra |325 |63 8 |26 6 | 9,492| ” |13½

+------+------+------+------+--------+----

Temeraire |285 |62 2 |27 1 | 8,412| ” |12½

+------+------+------+------+--------+----

Superb |333 |59 |25 | 8,994| ” |13½

------------------+------+------+------+------+--------+----

Shannon |260 |54 |22 6 | 5,108| ” |10½

Nelson |280 |60 |24 2 | 7,323| ” |10½

+------+------+------+------+--------+----

Northampton |280 |60 |24 2 | 7,323| ” |10½

------------------+------+------+------+------+--------+----

Prince Albert |240 |48 1 |19 8 | 3,900| ” | 5

Scorpion |224 6|42 4 |16 3 | 2,777| ” | 5

Wyvern |224 6|42 4 |15 8 | 2,725| ” | 5

Cyclops |225 |45 |16 5 | 3,430| ” | 9¼

Gorgon |225 |45 |16 5 | 3,430| ” | 9¼

Hecate |225 |45 |16 5 | 3,430| ” | 9¼

Hydra |225 |45 |16 5 | 3,430| ” | 9¼

Glatton |245 |54 |19 | 4,912| ” |13½

------------------+------+------+------+------+--------+----

Monarch |320 |57 6 |26 | 8,322| ” | 8½

+------+------+------+------+--------+----

Devastation |285 |62 3 |26 3 | 9,157| ” |13½

+------+------+------+------+--------+----

Thunderer |285 |62 3 |26 3 | 9,157| ” |13½

+------+------+------+------+--------+----

Neptune |300 |63 |25 2 | 8,900| Iron |13½

+------+------+------+------+--------+----

Dreadnought |320 |63 10 |27 |10,886| Iron |15⅜

Ajax |260 |66 |24 | 8,492| ” |19½

Agamemnon |260 |66 |24 | 8,492| ” |19½

Inflexible |320 |75 |25 4 |11,500| ” |24

Orion |245 |52 |19 6 | 4,700| ” |13½

Bellisle |245 |52 |19 6 | 4,700| ” |13½

------------------+------+------+------+------+--------+----

Pallas |225 |50 |24 3 | 3,797| Wood | 5

+------+------+------+------+--------+----

Penelope |260 |50 |17 4 | 4,394| Iron | 6

+------+------+------+------+--------+----

Research |195 |38 6 |15 5 | 1,780| Wood | 5

------------------+------+------+------+------+--------+----

------------------+------+------+------+------+--------+----

Hotspur |235 |50 |20 8 | 4,012| Iron | 12

+------+------+------+------+--------+----

Rupert |250 |53 |23 6 | 5,358| ” | 9⅞

------------------+------+------+------+------+--------+----

Viper |160 |32 |11 7½| 1,220| ” | 5

Vixen |160 |32 |11 7½| 1,220| ” | 5

Waterwitch |162 |32 1 |11 9 | 1,279| ” | 5

------------------+------+------+------+------+--------+----

Abyssinia |225 |42 |14 | 2,901| ” | 7

Magdala |225 |45 |14 8 | 3,344| ” | 8

Cerberus |225 |45 |14 8 | 3,344| ” | 8

------------------+------+------+------+------+--------+----

Erebus | | | | 1,814| ” | 4½

Ram. | | | | | |

Polyphemus |240 |40 | | 2,660| ” |

------------------+------+------+------+------+--------+----

G = Least thickness of Armor

H = Backing.

I = Indicated Horse-power.

J = Maximum Speed.

------------------+-----+-----+-----+-----+----------------------

| G | H | I | J |

| In. | In. | |Knots|

------------------+-----+-----+-----+-----+----------------------

Warrior | 4½ | 18 |5,469| 14.3| VIII 8-inch Woolwich.

+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----------------------

Black Prince | 4½ | 18 |5,772| 13.6| VIII 8-inch ”

+-----+-----+-----+-----+--------------------

Achilles | 3 | 18 |5,722| 14.3| XIV 9-inch ”

+-----+-----+-----+-----+--------------------

Northumberland | 3 | 9 |6,558| 14.1| VII 9-inch ”

+-----+-----+-----+-----+--------------------

Defence | 4½ | 18 |2,437| 11.6| II 8-inch ”

+-----+-----+-----+-----+--------------------

Resistance | 4½ | 18 |2,428| 11.6| II 8-inch ”

+-----+-----+-----+-----+--------------------

Hector | 3 | 18 |3,256| 12.5| IV 8-inch ”

+-----+-----+-----+-----+--------------------

Valiant | 3 | 18 |3,560| 12.5| IV 8-inch ”

+-----+-----+-----+-----+--------------------

Lord Warden | 4 | 31 |6,706| 13.5|XVIII 7-inch ”

Repulse | 4 | 30½|3,347| 12.2| XII 8-inch ”

------------------+-----+-----+-----+-----+--------------------

Agincourt | 3 | 9 |6,867| 15.4| XVII 9-inch ”

Minotaur | 3 | 9 |6,702| 14.4| XVII 9-inch ”

------------------+-----+-----+-----+-----+--------------------

Bellerophon | 5 | 9¾|6,521| 14.1| X 9-inch ”

------------------+-----+-----+-----+-----+--------------------

Swiftsure | 4 | 9¾|4,913| 13.5| X 9-inch ”

------------------+-----+-----+-----+-----+--------------------

Triumph | 4 | 9¾|4,892| 13.5| X 9-inch ”

------------------+-----+-----+-----+-----+--------------------

Audacious | 4 | 9¾|4,021| 12.8| X 9-inch ”

------------------+-----+-----+-----+-----+--------------------

Invincible | 4 | 9¾ |4,832| 14 | X 9-inch. ”

------------------+-----+-----+-----+-----+--------------------

Iron Duke | 4 | 9¾ |4,268| 13.6| X 9-inch ”

------------------+-----+-----+-----+-----+--------------------

Hercules | 6 | 9¾ |7,200| 13.2| VIII 10-inch ”

------------------+-----+-----+-----+-----+--------------------

Sultan | 6 | 9¾ |8,629| 14.1| IV 7-inch ”

------------------+-----+-----+-----+-----+--------------------

Alexandra | 6 | 9¾ |8,615| 15 | II 12-inch ”

------------------+-----+-----+-----+-----+--------------------

Temeraire | 7 | 9¾ |7,700| 14.6| IV 12-inch ”

------------------+-----+-----+-----+-----+--------------------

Superb | 7 | 11.8|7,430| 13.8| XII 10-inch ”

------------------+-----+-----+-----+-----+--------------------

Shannon | 6 | 9¾ |3,370| 12.6| II 10-inch ”

Nelson | 6 | 9¾ |6,000| 14 | IV 10-inch ”

------------------+-----+-----+-----+-----+--------------------

Northampton | 6 | 9¾ |6,000| 14 | IV 10-inch ”

------------------+-----+-----+-----+-----+--------------------

Prince Albert | 4½ | 18 |2,128| 11.6| IV 9-inch ”

Scorpion | 4½ | 9 |1,450| 10.2| IV 9-inch ”

Wyvern | 4½ | 9 |1,450| 10.2| IV 9-inch ”

Cyclops | 5 | 9¾ |1,660| 11 | IV 10-inch ”

Gorgon | 5 | 9¾ |1,669| 11 | IV 10-inch ”

Hecate | 5 | 9¾ |1,755| 11 | IV 10-inch ”

Hydra | 5 | 9¾ |1,472| 11 | IV 10-inch ”

Glatton | 9 | 18 |2,868| 12.1| II 12-inch ”

------------------+-----+-----+-----+-----+--------------------

Monarch | 5 | 11¾ |7,842| 14.9| II 9-inch ”

------------------+-----+-----+-----+-----+--------------------

Devastation | 8½ | 18 |6,652| 13.8| IV 12-inch ”

------------------+-----+-----+-----+-----+--------------------

Thunderer | 8½ | 18 |6,270| 13.4| II 12½ inch ”

------------------+-----+-----+-----+-----+--------------------

Neptune | 7 | 9¾ |9,100| 14.6| IV 12½-inch ”

------------------+-----+-----+-----+-----+--------------------

Dreadnought | 7 | 18 |8,000| 14 | IV 12½-inch ”

Ajax | 11 | 18 |6,000| 13 | IV 12½-inch ”

Agamemnon | 11 | 18 |6,000| 13 | IV 12½-inch ”

Inflexible | 18 | 18 |8,000| 14 | IV 16-inch ”

Orion | 6 | 9¾ |3,900| 13 | IV 12-inch ”

Bellisle | 6 | 9¾ |3,955| 13 | IV 12-inch ”

------------------+-----+-----+-----+-----+--------------------

Pallas | 3 | 22 |3,581| 13.4| II 64-pdr. ”

------------------+-----+-----+-----+-----+--------------------

Penelope | 3 | 9¾ |4,703| 12.8| III 40-pdr. ”

------------------+-----+-----+-----+-----+--------------------

Research | 3 | 19¾ |1,042| 10.3| IV 7-inch ”

------------------+-----+-----+-----+-----+--------------------

------------------+-----+-----+-----+-----+--------------------

Hotspur | 6 | 11⅞ |3,497| 12.6| I 12-inch ”

------------------+-----+-----+-----+-----+--------------------

Rupert | 6 | 11⅞ |4,635| 12.4| II 64-pdr. ”

------------------+-----+-----+-----+-----+--------------------

Viper | 3 | 6 | 696| 9 | IV 7-inch ”

Vixen | 3 | 6 | 740| 9 | IV 7-inch ”

Waterwitch | 3 | 6 | 777| 9.2| IV 7-inch ”

------------------+-----+-----+-----+-----+--------------------

Abyssinia | 4½ | |1,200| 9.6| IV 10-inch ”

Magdala | 5 | 9 |1,400| 9.7| IV 10-inch ”

Cerberus | 5 | 9 |1,400| 9.7| IV 10-inch ”

------------------+-----+-----+-----+-----+--------------------

Erebus | 4⅜ | 24 | 493| 6.0| XVI 64-pdr. ”

Ram. | | | | |

Polyphemus | | |5,500| |

------------------+-----+-----+-----+-----+--------------------

WARRIOR. BLACK PRINCE. DEFENCE. RESISTANCE.

Armored broadside frigates. The armor of these ships consists of a

long casemate covering the battery only, and extending from about two

feet below the water-line to the spar-deck beams. The bow and stern

sections are left completely unprotected, the armor forward and aft

ending in athwartship bulkheads. The hull is divided into a number of

very large water-tight compartments. The extreme forward part of the

upper-deck rail is recessed to permit straight-ahead fire from the

forecastle guns. The bows of these ships, although not built especially

for ramming, are made very heavy to permit of this mode of attack with

safety. Full sail-power.

[Illustration: WARRIOR.]

HECTOR. VALIANT.

Armored broadside frigates with swan-breasted ram bows. The armor of

these ships consists of a belt around the main-deck, whilst the boilers

and engines are in a casemate. The water-line forward and abaft is

unprotected. Full sail-power.

[Illustration: VALIANT.]

ACHILLES.

Armored broadside frigate with straight bow strengthened for ramming.

The armor of this ship consists of a water-line belt the height of the

gun-deck beams and a casemate for the battery. Full sail-power. No

bow-fire except from an unprotected forecastle gun. (See Warrior.)

[Illustration: ACHILLES.]

NORTHUMBERLAND. MINOTAUR. AGINCOURT.

Armored broadside frigates, swan-breasted bow for ramming. The armor in

these ships may be called complete, forming a belt rising to the height

of the spar-deck beams fore and aft. Full sail-power (5 masts).

[Illustration: MINOTAUR.]

BELLEROPHON. REPULSE. LORD WARDEN.

[Illustration: LORD WARDEN.]

Armored broadside frigates with ram bows. The armor in these ships is

complete, rising to the height of the spar-deck beams, and in addition

having a casemated forecastle. The Lord Warden and Repulse have wooden

hulls, having been originally laid down for wooden line-of-battle

ships. The Bellerophon carries heavier armor and more effective

backing atthe water-line than any of the foregoing ships. These ships

have full sail-power. The Bellerophon is a good sailer.

PALLAS. RESEARCH.

Armored belt and redoubt, the side being cut back just forward and

abaft the redoubt to permit the broadside guns to fire well forward and

aft through adjacent ports. These ships have wooden hulls, having been

originally laid down for wooden frigates. The Pallas is a remarkably

fine sailing ship.[1]

[Illustration: PALLAS.]

[1] The Pallas and Research were sold out of service in 1880.

HERCULES. SUPERB. PENELOPE.

Armored belt and long armored redoubt, the sides being cut back for

bow-fire. The Hercules has armored breastworks at the bow and stern on

the battery-deck for heavy bow and stern-guns. The Superb is the late

Memdouhieh (Turkish).

[Illustration: HERCULES.]

SULTAN.

Armored belt and long armored redoubt. The side forward of the redoubt

is cut back for forward fire, but instead of the forward and after

breastworks of the Hercules, an upper redoubt is built at the after-end

of the main one, projecting clear of the side, and from which clear bow

and stern fire is available.

[Illustration: SULTAN.]

SWIFTSURE. TRIUMPH. AUDACIOUS. INVINCIBLE. IRON DUKE.

[Illustration: IRON DUKE.

A—Wound made in the Vanguard by the Iron Duke.]

Armored belt and short casemate, on which is mounted an upper-deck

redoubt. The gun-deck casemate does not permit of bow-fire, as the

lines of the ship are not broken forward or abaft it. The upper redoubt

projects clear of the side over the lower casemate, and has its corners

cut off to permit of angular ports being cut that give fore-and-aft and

beam fire. This redoubt has no athwartship bulkhead. The magazines are

directly under the casemates. The boat-davits are near the amidship

line, so that the boats are kept well inboard. (The Vanguard, sunk by

collision with the Iron Duke, belonged to this type.)

ALEXANDRA.

Armored belt and double-decked casemate, ram bow, and overhanging

stern. The forward part of the belt is carried down in a curve over the

ram. The side forward from the gun-deck beams up is carried well back

parallel to the keel to give fore-and-aft fire. There is no stern-fire

from the main-deck casemate. The after bulkhead rises straight from

the belt to the top of the upper casemate. This casemate is, however,

shorter than the lower one, and its forward bulkhead being carried down

separates the main-deck casemate into two chambers, forming a double

protection for the after-guns. The corners of both casemates are cut

off for angular ports to give fore-and-aft and beam fire. The hull is

divided longitudinally by an armored bulkhead rising to the height

of the main-deck beams, one set of engines and boilers being in each

compartment. Twin screws and full sail-power.

[Illustration: ALEXANDRA.]

TEMERAIRE.

Armored belt, redoubt, and two barbette turrets. Ram bow. The armored

belt is carried down in a curve over the ram. No stern-fire from the

casemate, the forward corners being cut for angular ports, and the

side forward being carried back for bow-fire. The casemate is cut in

two chambers similar to the main-deck casemate of the Alexandra. The

barbette turrets forward and abaft the casemate are oval in shape,

and the guns are mounted on Moncrieff carriages. The armor of the

body of the turrets does not come below the spar-deck beams, but an

armored shaft is carried down to the level of the belt, through which

ammunition is passed and communication given. The hull is divided

longitudinally by an armored bulkhead similar to the Alexandra. Twin

screws and auxiliary sail-power. (Brig rigged.)

[Illustration: TEMERAIRE.]

SHANNON.

[Illustration: SHANNON.]

Partial armored belt and partial spar-deck breastwork. The belt is

carried around the stern as a protection to the steering-gear, but ends

just abaft the fore-mast in an armored bulkhead, which rises sheer to

the height of the spar-deck rail. From the foot of this bulkhead an

iron deck is carried forward to the stem, ending as a support to the

ram. A breastwork on the spar-deck forward forms a protection for the

bow-guns, the topgallant forecastle being carried to its after-edge.

The corners of the breastwork are cut for angular ports, and the rail

forward is carried back parallel to the keel. The rail aft is recessed

and cut back for after angular ports, but the guns are not protected

by armor. An armored conning tower is placed at the forward part of

the breastwork. A single gun is used aft, working on a turn-table for

shifting from one port to the other.

NELSON. NORTHAMPTON.

Partial armored belt and partial forward and after spar-deck

breastworks. The armored belt extends for three fifths of the length

of the ship amidships, ending in armored athwartship bulkheads,

which rise to the height of the spar-deck beams. A heavy iron deck

prolongs the lower edge of the belt to the bow and stern, protecting

the steering-gear aft and forming a support for the ram forward. The

guns are all carried on a covered deck, giving a flush spar-deck. The

breastworks on the main-deck at the bulkheads form a side protection

for the forward and after guns, the corners being cut for angular ports

and the side recessed for fore-and-aft fire. These ships have twin

screws and an armored longitudinal bulkhead similar to the Alexandra.

[Illustration: NELSON.]

MONARCH. NEPTUNE.

Armored belt and revolving Coles turrets on the spar-deck. The belt

rises to the height of the main-deck beams, and amidships is carried

up to the spar-deck beams to cover the lower part of the turrets and

machinery. An armored bulkhead rises well forward, forming on the

spar-deck a forecastle breastwork for the bow-guns. The spar-deck rail

in wake of the turrets may be dropped to open their fire. The Neptune

has no protected stern-fire. The belt of the Monarch is carried up aft

to the height of the spar-deck beams, forming a breastwork for the

stern-guns. (See Hercules.) The Neptune is the late Independenzia.

[Illustration: MONARCH.]

INFLEXIBLE. AJAX. AGAMEMNON. CONQUEROR.

[Illustration: INFLEXIBLE.]

Casemated, double-turreted, mastless, sea-going iron-clads. Ram bows.

The armored casemate is rectangular and encloses the middle third of

the vessel. The lower edge of the casemate is prolonged fore and aft

in a heavy iron deck, which forward curves down below the point of the

ram. Short unarmored forecastle and poop structures, carried along

in line with the keel to the smoke-stacks. The turrets are placed

diagonally to open the full fore-and-aft fire. Forward and abaft the

casemate is a cork belt of the thickness of the armor, to give the

ship floating power in case the unprotected sections are pierced. The

ship is divided in two by a longitudinal bulkhead. Twin screws.

DREADNOUGHT. ORION. BELLEISLE.

Armored belt and breastwork, sea-going monitors. The armor is complete

fore and aft, and is carried down in a curve forward below the point

of the ram. Throughout the middle third a casemate rises to protect

the bottom of the turrets and give them a good elevation above the

water-line. Forward and abaft this casemate, and in line with it,

an unarmored superstructure is carried, stopping short of the bow

and stern. This forms roomy quarters and gives the ship an increased

freeboard and stability. The turrets are amidships and in line with

the keel. Between them is a musket-proof superstructure, expanding

into a flying deck having at its forward end an armored pilot-house.

Longitudinal armored bulkhead, similar to the Alexandra.

[Illustration: DREADNOUGHT.]

DEVASTATION. THUNDERER.

[Illustration: DEVASTATION.]

Armored belt and breastwork, double-turreted, sea-going monitors.

The armored belt from forward to the forward turret comes only to

the height of the water-line. The breastwork differs from that of

the Dreadnought in not coming out to the side, but the freeboard

necessary is obtained by carrying around it and well forward and aft a

musket-proof superstructure. A musket-proof superstructure also rises

between the turrets, expanding into a flying deck with an armored

pilot-house at its forward end.

GLATTON.

Armored belt and breastwork, single-turreted, coast-defence monitor.

The armored belt rises to the upper-deck level, and is of the same

thickness from stem to counter. It has an overhang beyond the hull of

2½ feet amidships. The breastwork surrounds the turret and smoke-stack

and does not come out to the side. Forward and abaft a narrow

superstructure carries along the line of the breastwork. Abaft the

turret, which is situated well forward, a musket-proof superstructure

rises, expanding into a flying deck, with an armored pilot-house at its

forward extremity.

[Illustration: GLATTON.]

CYCLOPS. GORGON. HECATE. HYDRA. ABYSSINIA. MAGDALA. CERBERUS.

[Illustration: CERBERUS.]

Armored belt and breastwork, double-turreted, coast-defence monitors.

The breastwork occupying somewhat more than the middle third of these

vessels surrounds the turrets and smoke-stack, but does not come out to

the side. Musket-proof passages or tubes and ventilators, together with

an armored pilot-house, extend above a light flying deck. The Cerberus

is stationed permanently at Melbourne, having had a temporary rail and

upper deck built on her for her passage out. The Abyssinia and Magdala

are permanently stationed at Bombay.

HOTSPUR. RUPERT.

Armored rams. The armor-belt completely encircles the hull and is

carried down in a curve forward below the point of the ram. Each vessel

is provided with a breastwork and single turret. That of the Hotspur is

fixed and has four ports, the gun being worked on a turn-table. That

of the Rupert is of the Coles type of revolving turret. The breastwork

surrounds the foot of the turret and the smoke-stack. Both vessels have

a high superstructure from abaft the turret to the stern, rising two

thirds the height of the turret, and each carries a stern-gun, the side

being recessed at each counter for stern-fire. The Hotspur carries an

armored pilot-house on top of her turret; the Rupert has two, one on

each side, abaft the turret in the dead-angle. At present the turret of

the Hotspur is being changed to a revolving one like the Rupert’s.

[Illustration: HOTSPUR.]

PRINCE ALBERT.

Four-turreted monitor. This ship has a wooden hull, having been cut

down from a line-of-battle ship. Her armor-belt encircles her hull and

she has no breastwork; her Coles turrets being protected about their

lower parts by the armored deck. This vessel is only fit for harbor

defence.

SCORPION. WYVERN.

Armored belt, double-turreted iron-clads with full sail-power. These

vessels are high sided, the high rail between the fore and mizzen masts

dropping to unmask the turrets. The armor-belt encircles them. They

have strengthened ram bows, a long, high forecastle extending to the

fore-mast and making a dead-angle for the forward turret, and a high

poop to the mizzen-mast, making a dead-angle for the after turret. The

fore and main masts are tripod masts. These vessels are bark rigged,

with full sail-power, and when their side rails are up they have the

appearance of ordinary corvettes. They were built for the Confederates

during the war of the American Rebellion.

VIPER. VIXEN. WATERWITCH.

Casemated gun-boats. These vessels have rectangular casemates about the

boilers and engines (see Inflexible), the forward bulkhead rising above

the spar-deck level, and being provided with two ports for bow-fire.

They are only intended for bow-fire and end-on attack. The Waterwitch

is a double-ender, having steering-gear at each end, and at present,

instead of steam boilers and engines, she has a hydraulic motor.

POLYPHEMUS.

Armored ram The transverse section of this ship is top-shaped, showing

above water a convex upper deck surmounted by a light musket-proof

superstructure. In addition to her heavy ram, she is provided with

apparatus for firing the Whitehead torpedo, ahead and from each beam.

EREBUS.

Old-type casemated floating battery, completely armored.

[Illustration: WYVERN.]

ENGLISH UNARMORED FLEET.

(NEW CRUISERS.)

A = Length between Perpendiculars.

B = Breadth of Beam.

C = Mean Draft.

D = Displacement.

E = Construction Material.

---------------+--------+-------+-------+-----+---------

TYPE AND NAME.| A | B | C | D | E

---------------+--------+-------+-------+-----+---------

Inconstant |333 | 50 1 | 23 7 |5,782| Iron

+--------+-------+-------+-----+---------

Shah |334 8 | 52 | 23 |6,040| ”

Raleigh |298 | 49 | 22 |5,200| ”

--------------+--------+-------+-------+-----+---------

Boadicea | | 45 | 22 |4,027| ”

Bacchante |280 | 45 | 21 7 |3,932| ”

Euryalus | | 45 | 21 7 |3,982| ”

+--------+-------+-------+-----+---------

Rover |280 | 43 6 | 20 2 |3,494| ”

Active |270 | 42 | 20 |3,078| ”

Volage |270 | 42 | 20 |3,078| ”

+--------+-------+-------+-----+---------

Cleopatra |225 | 44 6 | 20 |2,383| & iron

+--------+-------+-------+-----+---------

Constance |225 | 44 6 | 20 |2,383| ”

Champion |225 | 44 6 | 20 |2,383| ”

Carysfort |225 | 44 6 | 20 |2,383| ”

Comus |225 | 44 6 | 20 |2,383| ”

Conquest |225 | 44 6 | 20 |2,383| ”

Curaçao |225 | 44 6 | 20 |2,383| ”

Emerald |220 | 40 | 16 3 |1,801|Composite

Garnet |220 | 40 | 16 3 |1,864| ”

Opal |220 | 40 | 16 3 |1,864| ”

Ruby |220 | 40 | 16 3 |1,864| ”

Tourmalin |220 | 40 | 16 3 |1,864| ”

Turquoise |220 | 40 | 16 3 |1,864| ”

Amethyst |220 | 36 | 16 |1,830| Wood

Diamond |220 | 36 | 16 |1,830| ”

Sapphire |220 | 36 | 16 |1,830| ”

Encounter |220 | 36 | 16 |1,830| ”

Modeste |220 | 36 | 16 |1,830| ”

---------------+--------+-------+-------+-----+-------------

Cormorant |170 | 36 | 14 6 |1,124|Composite

Doterel |170 | 36 | 14 6 |1,124| ”

Dragon |170 | 36 | 14 6 |1,124| ”

Gannet |170 | 36 | 14 6 |1,124| ”

Kingfisher |170 | 36 | 14 6 |1,124| ”

Miranda |170 | 36 | 14 6 |1,124| ”

Osprey |170 | 36 | 14 6 |1,124| ”

Pelican |170 | 36 | 14 6 |1,124| ”

Pegasus |170 | 36 | 14 6 |1,124| ”

Penguin |170 | 36 | 14 6 |1,124| ”

Phœnix |170 | 36 | 14 6 |1,124| ”

Wild Swan |170 | 36 | 14 6 |1,124| ”

Albatross |160 | 31 4 | 13 | 894| ”

Daring |160 | 31 4 | 13 | 894| ”

Egeria |160 | 31 4 | 13 | 894| ”

Fantome |160 | 31 4 | 13 | 894| ”

Flying Fish|160 | 31 4 | 13 | 894| ”

Sappho |160 | 31 4 | 13 | 894| ”

---------------+--------+-------+-------+-----+--------

Iris |300 | 46 | 19 9 |3,735| Steel

Mercury |300 | 46 | 19 9 |3,735| ”

---------------+--------+-------+-------+-----+---------

Vesuvius | 90 | 22 | 8 6 | 260| Iron

---------------+--------+-------+-------+-----+---------

Polyphemus | | | | | ”

---------------+--------+-------+-------+-----+---------

Condor | | | | | ”

Falcon | | | | 700| ”

Flamingo | | | | to | ”

Griffon | | | | 774| ”

Lily | | | | | ”

Bittern | | | | 774| ”

Bullfinch | | | | 774| ”

---------------+--------+-------+-------+-----+---------

F = Indicated Horse-power.

G = Maximum Speed.

H = Date of Launch.

---------------+-----+------+--------+------------------------

TYPE AND NAME.| F | G | H | BATTERY.

---------------+-----+------+--------+------------------------

| |Knots.| Year. |

Frigates. | | | |

Inconstant |7,361| 16.5 | 1868 | X 9-inch Woolwich.

| | | | VI 7-inch ”

+-----+------+--------+------------------------

| | | | X 8-inch ”

Shah |7,477| 16.4 | 1875 | II 10-inch ”

| | | | VI 64-pdrs. ”

+-----+------+--------+------------------------

| | | | XIV 7-inch ”

Raleigh |6,158| 15.2 | 1873 | II 8-inch ”

| | | | VI 64-pdrs. ”

---------------+-----+------+--------+------------------------

Corvettes. | | | |

Boadicea |5,130| 15.5 | 1875 | XVI 7-inch ”

Bacchante |5,250| 15.3 | 1876 | XVI 7-inch ”

Euryalus |5,250| 15.3 | 1875 | XVI 7-inch ”

+-----+------+--------+------------------------

Rover |4,964| 14.7 | 1875 | II 7-inch ”

| | | | XVI 64-pdrs. ”

+-----+------+--------+------------------------

Active |4,015| 14.8 | 1869 | VI 7-inch ”

| | | | IV 64-pdrs. ”

+-----+------+--------+------------------------

Volage |4,532| 15.1 | 1869 | XVIII 64-pdrs. ”

+-----+------+--------+------------------------

Cleopatra |2,300| 13 |Building|

+-----+------+--------+------------------------

Constance |2,300| 13 | ” |

Champion |2,300| 13 | ” |

Carysfort |2,300| 13 | ” | II 7-inch ”

Canada. | | | |

Comus |2,300| 13 | ” |

Cordelia.| | | | XII 64-pdrs. ”

Conquest |2,300| 13 | ” |

Curaçao |2,300| 13 | ” |

+-----+------+--------+------------------------

Emerald |2,100| 13 | 1877 |

Garnet |2,100| 13 | 1877 |

Opal |2,100| 13 | 1875 |

Ruby |1,830| 13 | 1876 | XII 64-pdrs. ”

Tourmalin |1,900| 13 | 1876 |

Turquoise |1,990| 13 | 1876 |

+-----+------+--------+------------------------

Amethyst |2,127| 13 | 1873 |

Diamond |2,127| 13 | to | XIV 64-pdrs. ”

Sapphire |2,364| 13 | 1874 |

+-----+------+--------+------------------------

Encounter |2,177| 13 | 1874 |

Modeste |2,177| 13 | 1874 |

---------------+-----+------+--------+------------------------

Sloops. | | | |

Cormorant | 900| 10.5 | 1877 | II 7-inch ”

Doterel | 900| 10.5 | 1877 | IV 64-pdrs. ”

+-----+------+--------+------------------------

Dragon |1,000| 10.5 | 1877 |

Gannet |1,000| 10.5 |Building|

+-----+------+--------+

Kingfisher |1,000| 10.5 | |

Miranda |1,000| 10.5 | |

Osprey |1,000| 10.5 | |

Pelican |1,000| 10.5 | 1877 | II 7-inch, IV 64-pdrs.

| | | and |

Pegasus |1,000| 10.5 | 1878 |

Penguin |1,000| 10.5 | |

Phœnix | 760| 10.5 | |

Wild Swan | 800| 10.5 | |

+-----+------+--------+------------------------

Albatross | | 11 | |

| 840 | | 1875 |

Daring | to | 11 | and +------------------------

|1,000| | 1876 | II 7-inch, II 64-pdrs.

Egeria | | 11 | |

+-----+------+--------+------------------------

Fantome | | 11 | |

| 840 | | 1875 |

Flying Fish| to | 11 | and | II 7-inch, II 64-pdrs.

|1,000| | 1876 |

Sappho | | 11 | |

---------------+-----+------+--------+------------------------

Dispatch | | | |

Steamers. | | | |

Iris |7,750| 18.5 | 1877 |

| | | | X 64-pdrs.

Mercury |7,000| 18 | 1878 |

---------------+-----+------+--------+------------------------

Torpedo-ship. | | | |

Vesuvius | 879| 8.9 | 1874 | None.

---------------+-----+------+--------+------------------------

Torpedo-ram. | | | |

Polyphemus |5,500| 18 |Building|

---------------+-----+------+--------+------------------------

1st Class | | | |

Gun-boats. | | | |

| | | | I 7-inch pivot amidships.

Myrmidon | 730| 10 | 1867 | I 64-pdr. ” ”

| | | | II 20-pdrs.

+-----+------+--------+-----------------------

Arab | 656| 11 | |

Condor | 770| 11 | |

Falcon | 720| 11 | 1873 |

Flamingo | 750| 11 | to | I 7-inch midship pivot,

Griffon | 790| 11 | 1877 | II 64-pdrs.

Lily | 829| 11 | |

+-----+------+--------+----------------

Bittern | 851| 10 | 1865 |

| | | to | I 7-inch pivot,

Bullfinch | 985| 10 | 1872 | II 40-pdrs.

---------------+-----+------+--------+----------------------------------------

A = Displacement.

B = Construction Material.

C = Indicated Horse-power.

D = Maximum Speed.

---------------+-----+-----------+-----+-----+------------------

TYPE AND NAME. | A | B | C | D | BATTERY.

---------------+-----+-----------+-----+-----+------------------

1ST CLASS GUN-BOATS.

Low-pressure Engines. Twin Screws.

Curlew | | | 811 | |

Lapwing | | | 882 | |

Magpie | | | 857 | |

Philomel | | | 961 | |

Plover | 774 | Composite | 977 | 10 | I 7-inch pivot.

Seagull | | | 702 | |

Swallow | | | 892 | |

Vulture | | | 847 | |

Woodlark | | | 881 | |

---------------+-----+-----------+-----+------+------------------

1ST CLASS GUN-BOATS.

High-pressure Engines. Twin Screws.

---------------+-----+-----------+-----+------+------------------

Avon | | | 528 | |

Beacon | | | 506 | |

Boxer | | | 587 | |

Cracker | | | 528 | |

Dwarf | | | 495 | |

Elk | | | 472 | |

Flirt | | | 582 | |

Fly | | | 489 | |

Growler | 584 | Composite | 696 | 10 | II 64-pdrs.

Hornet | | | 506 | |

Lynx | | | 526 | |

Midge | | | 472 | |

Pert | | | 502 | |

Rocket | | | 632 | |

Teazer | | | 489 | |

Thistle | | | 641 | |

---------------+-----+-----------+-----+------+------------------

Frolic | | | 896 | |

Kestrel | 592 | Composite | 835 | 10 | II 64-pdrs.

Rifleman | | | 715 | |

---------------+-----+-----------+-----+------+------------------

Dart | | | 336 | |

Newport | 570 | Composite | 335 | 10 | II 64-pdrs.

---------------+-----+-----------+-----+------+------------------

2D CLASS GUN-BOATS.

Compound Engines. Single Screw.

---------------+-----+-----------+-----+------+------------------

Firm | 45 | Composite | 360 | 9 | II 64-pdrs.

---------------+-----+-----------+-----+------+------------------

Ariel | | | 540 | |

Contest | | | 515 | |

Coquette | | | 406 | |

Cygnet | | | 532 | |

Decoy | | | 459 | |

Express | | | 438 | |

Foam | 430 | | 406 | 10.1 | II 64-pdrs.

Goshawk | to | Composite | 484 | to | II 20-pdrs.

Mallard | 455 | | 398 | 10.8 |

Merlin | | | 428 | |

Moorhen | | | 387 | |

Mosquito | | | 501 | |

Sheldrake | | | 867 | |

Swinger | | | 461 | |

Zephyr | | | 534 | |

---------------+-----+-----------+-----+------+------------------

2D CLASS RIVER GUN-BOATS.

---------------+-----+-----------+-----+------+------------------

Dee | | | | |

Don | | | | |

Esk | | | | |

Sabrina | 868 | Iron | 810 | 9.5 | III 64-pdrs.

Tay | | | | |

---------------+-----+-----------+-----+------+------------------

2D CLASS GUN-BOATS.

---------------+-----+-----------+-----+------+------------------

Cockatrice | | | 160 | |

Cromer | 330 | Wood | to | 8 | II 64-pdrs.

Heron | | | 277 | |

---------------+-----+-----------+-----+------+------------------

Fervent | | | 140 | |

Skylark | 284 | Wood | to | 8 | II 64-pdrs.

Thrasher | | | 272 | |

---------------+-----+-----------+-----+------+------------------

Ant | | | | |

Cornet | | | 168 | |

Cuckoo | 254 | Iron | to | 9 | I 10-inch.

Fidget | | | 268 | |

---------------+-----+-----------+-----+------+------------------

Snake | | | 168 | |

Snap | 254 | Iron | to | 8 | I 10-inch.

Tickler | | | 268 | |

---------------+-----+-----------+-----+------+------------------

Hunter | 249 | Wood | 131 | 8 | II 64-pdrs.

Staunch | 180 | ” | 134 | | I 9-inch.

---------------+-----+-----------+-----+------+------------------

INCONSTANT.

Iron frigate sheathed with wood and coppered. Straight bow, round

stern. Rail cut back on each side of the bow-sprit to permit bow-fire.

Gun-deck battery composed of ten 9-inch rifles in broadside, the ports

being very widely spaced. Long topgallant forecastle and flush aft.

Spar-deck battery composed of six 7-inch rifles. One bow-gun under the

forecastle working in four ports (one each side ahead and one each side

abeam), the gun being transported from one to another by turn-tables.

One stern-gun working on turn-tables in three ports (one astern and

one on each quarter). The remaining four guns are arranged as pivots,

so that all may be used on one side if desirable. They secure in pairs

amidships. The ports for these guns are cut in pairs forward and abaft

the gun-deck ports. The strength of fire of this ship is: ahead,

one 7-inch; abeam, six 7-inch, five 9-inch; astern, one 7-inch. The

stability of this ship being originally deficient, part of her double

bottom was filled with 180 tons of cement, thus reducing her estimated

speed nearly one knot. Her coal supply permits steaming 2160 miles at

a speed of ten knots. Greatest speed attained at sea for twenty-four

consecutive hours, 15½ knots.

SHAH. RALEIGH.

Iron frigates sheathed with wood and coppered. General type similar to

the Inconstant. The gun-deck battery of the Shah is a broadside one of

sixteen 7-inch rifles and two 64-pdrs., the latter being just forward

of the cabin bulkhead (separated from the main battery). The spar-deck

battery consists of one 10-inch rifle under the topgallant forecastle,

working in the same manner as the Inconstant’s; one 10-inch rifle

stern-gun working in two ports, the quarter-rail being recessed for the

purpose, so as to get stern and beam fire; six 64-pdrs. in broadside

(two forward and two abaft the gun-deck battery, and two abreast the

after smoke-stack). The Raleigh’s battery is similar to the Shah’s in

arrangement, but is smaller in number. (Fourteen guns on gun-deck; six

on spar-deck.)

[Illustration: SHAH.]

BOADICEA. BACCHANTE. EURYALUS.

Iron-sheathed frigates of the same general type as the above. The

battery is all under cover; the broadside battery being entirely on

the gun-deck, the bow-gun under the topgallant forecastle, and the

stern-gun in the spar-deck cabin. The Boadicea has a straight stem, the

other two ram bows. In order to permit the latter arrangement the wood

sheathing was covered with zinc in place of copper, to allow of direct

connection with the iron ram without danger of galvanic action.

ROVER. ACTIVE. VOLAGE.

First-class corvettes, iron sheathed with wood. Of the same general

type as the Inconstant, except that the battery is all carried on

the spar-deck. Strength of fire: Ahead—Rover and Active, one 7-inch;

Volage, one 64-pdr. Abeam—Rover, two 7-inch, eight 64-pdrs.; Active,

three 7-inch, two 64-pdrs.; Volage, ten 64-pdrs. Astern—Rover and

Active, one 7-inch; Volage, one 64-pdr.

All other corvettes of the new type carry their batteries on the

spar-deck and are of the same general type, differing only in engines

and boilers and the material of the hull.

CLEOPATRA CLASS (nine in number).

First-class steel corvettes, sheathed with wood. Bow and stern-guns,

7-inch rifles; broadside, twelve 64-pdrs.; beam-fire, two 7-inch, six

64-pdrs.

AMETHYST CLASS (eleven in number).

First-class composite corvettes. Six of the number form a subdivision

of the class, being of later build, having about 30 tons more

displacement and carrying but twelve instead of fourteen 64-pdrs. The

noticeable feature with regard to this class is the recession of the

spar-deck rail forward and aft to give clear bow and stern fire. Only

one gun is used at either end, pivoting each side. In the case of the

Amethyst class these guns are 64-pdrs., mounted on ordinary carriages.

In the Cleopatra class and larger ships they are 7-inch guns, mounted

on pivot carriages, which renders the working much heavier. The bow and

stern-guns are both under cover; the broadside guns are on the open

spar-deck.

[Illustration: AMETHYST.]

CORMORANT CLASS (twelve in number).

Second-class composite corvettes, carrying 7-inch bow and stern-guns

and 64-pdrs. in broadside.

ALBATROSS CLASS (six in number).

Third-class composite corvettes, carrying 64-pdr. bow and stern-guns

and 7-inch broadside. These vessels are bark rigged, and carry crews of

one hundred and twenty men.

IRIS. MERCURY.

Fast steel despatch and torpedo vessels. Their batteries consist of ten

64-pdrs. The boilers and engines take up the greater part of the space

below. In addition to the battery each vessel carries four 80-feet

Thorneycroft torpedo-boats fitted for launching Whitehead torpedoes.

These launches are carried on a species of gallows-frame amidships, the

frame being carried to the outer edge of the rail, so that the launch

may be slid out over the side and lowered without trouble. In exterior

appearance these vessels are not unlike fast mail packets.

[Illustration: IRIS.]

MYRMIDON CLASS (nineteen in number).

[Illustration: MYRMIDON.]

First-class composite gun-boats, carrying for bow and stern-guns

64-pdrs., and a single 7-inch centre-pivoting rifle amidships. Twelve

of these gun-boats form a subdivision of the class, having about 70

tons less displacement and carrying 40-pdr. bow and stern-guns. They

are bark rigged, carrying crews of about 90 men, and have a mean draft

of water of about 11 feet.

AVON CLASS (twenty-four in number).

First-class twin-screw gun-boats, carrying 20-pdrs. for bow and stern

guns, and two 64-pdrs. amidships on pivot-carriages.

FIREBRAND CLASS (twenty-one in number).

Second-class single-screw composite gun-boats, carrying the same

battery as the Avon class. Three-masted, square-rigged forward, lifting

screws, crew of 60 men, and mean draft of water 9 feet. At a speed of

six knots they burn about three tons of coal per twenty-four hours.

BRITOMART CLASS (sixteen in number).

Second-class wooden gun-boats of the old-fashioned type, carrying two

64-pdr. pivot-guns.

BLAZER CLASS (twenty-four in number).

Second-class iron gun-boats, carrying one 10-inch rifle. These vessels

are little more than large launches, having a bow decked over with

light plates. The gun is mounted on a platform, which itself is

supported on heavy screws; these screws, being revolved by steam-power,

permit the gun to be lowered down into the hold when going to sea, or

raised for fighting. The in-and-out tackles and ammunition gear are

manipulated by a small capstan aft. These boats have double screws, and

work up to a speed of 7 knots. The Staunch, which is the model from

which these gun-boats were built, is smaller, and has a musket-proof

shelter at the gun. The others have none.

[Illustration: BLAZER.]

DEE CLASS (twelve in number).

Second-class iron river gun-boats, of a peculiar design. These vessels

have twin screws, and are provided with a rudder at each end, the

bow-rudder, with its yoke and chains, being entirely unprotected.

The hull proper is very low, the side curving sharply inboard above

the water-line, almost in cigar shape, to such a degree that the

dead-lights slope at an angle upward of about 40°. The deck-rail

springs from the upper part of this curve about two feet inside of the

water-line, being waist high amidships and rising fore and aft into

a curved forecastle and poop musket-proof firing-cover for the guns.

Amidships are a musket-proof pilot-house and engine-room. The battery

consists of two 64-pdrs. at each end under cover, and firing from four

ports each, two fore and aft and two abeam.

[Illustration: DEE.]

VESUVIUS.

Torpedo-boat. This craft, built for sudden attacks with torpedoes, is

built very low in the water. The smoke-stack is bent horizontally,

running along the deck. The furnace is intended to burn coke in order

to suppress smoke. The steam-discharge pipes open under water. She is

rigged for projecting Whitehead torpedoes. (See Torpedoes, Part III.)

LIGHTNING CLASS.

Fast torpedo launches, (See Torpedoes.)

ENGLISH GENERAL-SERVICE FLEET

(OLD-TYPE STEAM CRUISERS.)

A = Displacement.

B = Construction Material.

C = Indicated Horse-power.

D = Maximum Speed.

E = Guns.

======================+=======+======+=======+=======+=====

TYPE AND NAME. | A | B | C | D | E

----------------------+-------+------+-------+-------+-----

Victoria | 6,959 | Wood | 4,191 | 12.3 | 12

Howe | 6,557 | ” | 4,524 | 13.2 | 12

Duke of Wellington | 6,071 | ” | 1,999 | 9.9 | 25

Duncan | 5,724 | ” | 2,826 | 13.2 | 31

Royal Albert | 5,637 | ” | 1,805 | 8 |

Donegal | 5,481 | ” | 3,103 | 11.2 |

Anson | 5,260 | ” | 3,583 | 11.8 | 11

Atlas | 5,260 | ” | 3,732 | 12 | 11

Defiance | 5,260 | ” | 3,350 | 12 |

Revenge | 5,260 | ” | 2,896 | 11.7 |

Royal William | 4,579 | ” | 1,763 | 9.8 |

St. George | 4,579 | ” | 1,730 | 10.6 |

Albion | 4,382 | ” | 1,835 | 10.5 |

Rodney | 4,375 | ” | 2,246 | 11.5 | 10

Lion | 3,842 | ” | 1,732 | 9.3 | 12

----------------------+-------+------+-------+-------+-----

Galatea | 4,583 | ” | 2,759 | 13.2 | 26

Bristol | 4,020 | ” | 2,088 | 11.8 | 28

Glasgow | 4,020 | ” | 2,020 | 12.4 | 28

Newcastle | 4,020 | ” | 2,354 | 13.3 | 31

Undaunted | 4,020 | ” | 2,261 | 12.7 | 31

Immortalité | 3,984 | ” | 2,391 | 11.8 | 28

Topaze | 3,915 | ” | 2,538 | 11.7 | 28

Doris | 3,803 | ” | 3,005 | 12 | 24

Aurora | 3,582 | ” | 1,576 | 10.1 | 28

Narcissus | 3,548 | ” | 1,731 | 10.6 | 18

Forte | 3,456 | ” | 1,539 | 9.2 |

Endymion | 3,197 | ” | 1,620 | 9.4 | 22

----------------------+-------+------+-------+-------+-----

Ariadne | 4,588 | ” | 8,350 | 13 | 26

Rattlesnake | 2,431 | ” | 1,628 | 11 | 17

Woolverine | 2,431 | ” | 1,549 | 11.2 | 17

Challenger | 2,306 | ” | 1,261 | 8.6 | 8

Thalia | 2,216 | ” | 1,597 | 10.1 | 8

Juno | 2,216 | ” | 1,381 | 9.2 | 8

Charybdis | 2,187 | ” | 1,472 | 11 | 17

Pearl | 2,187 | ” | 1,390 | 11.3 | 17

Scylla | 2,187 | ” | 1,376 | 10.7 | 17

Druid | 1,870 | ” | 2,272 | 12.9 | 14

Briton | 1,870 | ” | 2,149 | 13.2 | 14

Thetis | 1,870 | ” | 2,275 | 13.4 | 14

Blanche | 1,755 | ” | 2,158 | 13.6 | 12

Danaë | 1,755 | ” | 2,089 | 13.4 | 12

Dido | 1,755 | ” | 2,518 | 13.7 | 12

Eclipse | 1,755 | ” | 1,946 | 12.1 | 12

Sirius | 1,755 | ” | 2,334 | 12.8 | 12

Spartan | 1,755 | ” | 1,988 | 12.2 | 12

Tenedos | 1,755 | ” | 2,032 | 12.7 | 12

----------------------+-------+------+-------+-------+-----

Daphne | 1,574 | ” | 1,927 | | 5

Dryad | 1,574 | ” | 1,464 | | 9

Nymphe | 1,574 | ” | 2,172 | | 9

Vestal | 1,574 | ” | 2,154 | | 9

Cameleon | 1,365 | ” | 702 | | 7

Rinaldo | 1,365 | ” | 752 | | 7

Alert | 1,331 | ” | 312 | | 4

Fawn | 1,045 | ” | 434 | | 4

Rapid | 913 | ” | 460 | | 3

Rosario | 913 | ” | 436 | | 3

----------------------+-------+------+-------+-------+-----

Assistance | 2,515 | Iron | 1,442 | | 2

Dromedary | 1,800 | ” | 1,640 | | 2

Humber | 2,000 | ” | 1,700 | | 2

Himalaya | 4,490 | ” | 2,609 | | 3

Orontes | 5,600 | ” | 2,569 | | 2

Simoon | 3,302 | ” | 1,576 | | 2

Tamar | 4,857 | ” | 2,171 | | 2

Crocodile | 6,211 | ” | 4,044 | | 3

Euphrates | 6,211 | ” | 3,900 | | 3

Jumna | 6,211 | ” | 3,040 | | 3

Malabar | 6,211 | ” | 4,893 | | 3

Serapis | 6,211 | ” | 4,030 | | 3

----------------------+-------+------+-------+-------+-----

Fox | 1,670 | Wood | 764 | | 2

Discovery | 1,247 | ” | 365 | | 2

Industry | 1,126 | Iron | 279 | | 2

Supply | 1,126 | ” | 265 | | 2

Wye | 1,161 | ” | 629 | | 2

----------------------+-------+------+-------+-------+-----

Helicon | 985 | Wood | 1,610 | 15 | 2

Lively | 985 | ” | 1,757 | | 2

Salamis | 985 | ” | 1,440 | 14 | 2

Vigilant | 985 | ” | 1,815 | | 2

----------------------+-------+------+-------+-------+-----

Osborne | 1,800 | ” | 3,363 | | 2

Victoria and Albert| 2,470 | ” | 2,980 | | 2

Alberta | 370 | ” | 1,208 | |

Elfin | 93 | ” | 181 | |

Enchantress | 985 | ” | 1,318 | | 1

----------------------+-------+------+-------+-------+-----

Nassau | 877 | ” | 755 | | 4

Porcupine | 556 | ” | 285 | | 1

Sylvia | 877 | ” | 689 | | 4

----------------------+-------+------+-------+-------+-----

----------------------+-------+------+-------+-------+-----

Paddle-wheel Frigate Valorous. Corvettes Argus, Barracouta, Basilisk,

Buzzard, Salamander, Sphynx, Spiteful.

9 Paddle-steamers. 88 Harbor-tugs. 177 Hulks used as school, depot,

guard, hospital, coal, and store ships.

Iron-clad Hulks Caledonia, Enterprise, Favorite, Lord Clyde, Ocean,

Prince Consort, Royal Alfred, Royal Oak, Royal Sovereign.

The General Service fleet, with the exception of the Transports and

Yachts, belong to the old-fashioned types of steam cruisers. They are,

however, constantly in commission as cruising vessels on home and

foreign stations.

FRANCE.

ARMORED FLEET.

A = Length between Perpendiculars.

B = Breadth of Beam.

C = Maximum Draft.

D = Displacement.

E = Construction Material.

F = Greatest Thickness of Armor.

==================+=======+=======+=======+=======+======+======

TYPE AND NAME. | A | B | C | D | E | F

------------------+-------+-------+-------+-------+------+------

------------------+-------+-------+-------+-------+------+------

Amiral Duperré |319 5 | 66 11 | 26 |10,315 | Iron | 23

Duguesclin |265 7 | 57 3 | 24 | 5,785 | ” | 11

------------------+-------+-------+-------+-------+------+------

Foudroyant |371 7 | 66 5 | 24 8 | 9,630 | ” | 16.5

+-------+-------+-------+-------+------+------

Devastation |371 7 | 66 5 | 24 8 | 9,630 | ” | 16.5

+-------+-------+-------+-------+------+------

Redoubtable |330 | 66 5 | 24 11 | 8,658 | ” | 15.3

+-------+-------+-------+-------+------+------

Colbert |314 1 | 57 3 | 27 11 | 8,167 | Wood | 8.7

+-------+-------+-------+-------+------+------

Trident |314 1 | 57 3 | 27 11 | 8,164 | ” | 8.7

+-------+-------+-------+-------+------+------

Friedland |314 1 | 57 3 | 27 11 | 8,164 | ” | 9.8

+-------+-------+-------+-------+------+------

Richelieu |314 | 57 3 | 27 11 | 8,269 | ” | 8.7

+-------+-------+-------+-------+------+------

Ocean |282 10 | 57 7 | 29 2 | 7,360 | ” | 7.8

Marengo |282 10 | 57 7 | 29 2 | 7,360 | ” | 7.8

Suffren |282 10 | 57 7 | 29 2 | 7,360 | ” | 7.8

------------------+-------+-------+-------+-------+------+------

Gloire |252 3 | 55 9 | 27 10 | 5,530 | ” | 4.7

------------------+-------+-------+-------+-------+------+------

Couronne |260 | 54 3 | 25 | 5,813 | Iron | 4.7

Flandre |258 10 | 55 9 | 26 10 | 5,725 | Wood | 6

Provence |258 10 | 55 9 | 26 10 | 5,700 | ” | 6

Heroine |258 10 | 55 9 | 26 10 | 5,700 | Iron | 6

Gauloise |258 10 | 55 9 | 26 10 | 5,610 | Wood | 6

Guyenne |258 10 | 55 9 | 26 10 | 5,610 | ” | 6

Magnanime |258 10 | 55 9 | 26 10 | 5,610 | ” | 6

Savoie |258 10 | 55 9 | 26 10 | 5,610 | ” | 6

Revanche |258 10 | 55 9 | 26 10 | 5,610 | ” | 6

Surveillante |258 10 | 55 9 | 26 10 | 5,610 | ” | 6

Valeureuse |258 10 | 55 9 | 26 10 | 5,610 | ” | 6

------------------+-------+-------+-------+-------+------+------

Bayard |230 | 45 9 | 21 | 5,785 | Iron | 9.85

Turenne |230 | 45 9 | 21 | 5,785 | ” | 9.85

Vauban |230 | 45 9 | 21 | 5,785 | ” | 9.85

------------------+-------+-------+-------+-------+------+------

La |230 | 45 9 | 21 | 4,480 | Wood | 6

------------------+-------+-------+-------+-------+------+------

Victorieuse |230 | 45 9 | 21 | 4,147 | ” | 6

+-------+-------+-------+-------+------+------

Triomphante |230 | 45 9 | 21 | 4,147 | ” | 6

------------------+-------+-------+-------+-------+------+------

Alma |230 | 46 3 | 23 9 | 3,665 | ” | 6

Belliqueuese |230 | 46 3 | 23 9 | 3,410 | ” | 6

Jeanne d’Arc |230 | 46 3 | 23 9 | 3,371 | ” | 6

Thetis |230 | 46 3 | 23 9 | 3,371 | ” | 6

Armide |230 | 46 3 | 23 9 | 3,371 | ” | 6

Atalante |230 | 46 3 | 23 9 | 3,371 | ” | 6

Montcalm |230 | 46 3 | 23 9 | 3,371 | ” | 6

Reine Blanche |230 | 46 3 | 23 9 | 3,371 | ” | 6

------------------+-------+-------+-------+-------+------+------

Coast-defence Ships.

------------------+-------+-------+-------+-------+------+------

Tonnerre |241 6 | 57 9 | 21 4 | 5,495 | Iron | 14

Fulminant |241 6 | 57 9 | 21 4 | 5,495 | ” | 14

Furieux |241 6 | 57 9 | 21 4 | 5,495 | ” | 14

------------------+-------+-------+-------+-------+------+------

Caïman | | | | | ” |

Indomptable | | | | | ” |

Terrible | | | | | ” |

------------------+-------+-------+-------+-------+------+------

Tempete |241 6 | 57 9 | 16 9 | 4,452 | ” | 13.8

Tonnant |241 6 | 57 9 | 16 9 | 4,452 | ” | 13.8

+-------+-------+-------+-------+------+------

Vengeur |241 6 | 57 9 | 16 9 | 4,452 | ” | 13.8

------------------+-------+-------+-------+-------+------+------

Tigre |216 6 | 53 1 | 19 7½ | 3,313 | Wood | 8.6

Belier |216 6 | 53 1 | 19 7½ | 3,313 | ” | 8.6

Bouledogue |216 6 | 53 1 | 19 7½ | 3,313 | ” | 8.6

Cerbere |216 6 | 53 1 | 19 7½ | 3,313 | ” | 8.6

+-------+-------+-------+-------+------+------

Taureau |216 6 | 53 1 | 19 7½ | 3,313 | ” | 6

----------------------------------------------------------------

Onondaga |228 7 | 51 2 | 12 7½ | 2,551 | Iron | 6.7

------------------+-------+-------+-------+-------+------+------

Embuscade |129 7 | 51 10 | 10 10 | 1,422 | ” | 5.5

Protectrice |129 7 | 51 10 | 10 10 | 1,422 | ” | 5.5

Imprenable |129 7 | 51 10 | 10 10 | 1,422 | ” | 5.5

Refuge |129 7 | 51 10 | 10 10 | 1,422 | ” | 5.5

------------------+-------+-------+-------+-------+------+------

Implacable |144 4 | 48 5 | 8 8 | 1,338 | ” | 4.7

Opiniatre |144 4 | 48 5 | 8 8 | 1,338 | ” | 4.7

------------------+-------+-------+-------+-------+------+------

Nos. 8, 9, 10, 11 | 88 7 | 29 6 | 5 7 | 280 | ” | 3.1

------------------+-------+-------+-------+-------+------+------

G = Least Thickness of Armor.

H = Backing.

I = Horse-power.

J = Maximum Speed.

==================+===========+======+=======+=====+==============

TYPE AND NAME. | G | H | I | J |BATTERY.

------------------+-----------+------+-------+-----+--------------

| In. | In. | |Knots|

------------------+-----------+------+-------+-----+--------------

|water-line +------+-------+-----+--------------

Duguesclin |and turrets| 14 | 4,100 | 14 | IV 9¼-inch,

------------------+-----------+------+-------+-----+--------------

Foudroyant | 13.7 | 12.6 | 6,000 | 14 | VI 12¼-inch

+-----------+------+-------+-----+--------------

Devastation | 13.7 | 12.6 | 6,000 | 14 | VI 12¼-inch,

+-----------+------+-------+-----+---------------

Redoubtable | 8.7 | 15 | 6,000 | 14.5| VIII 10¾-inch,

+-----------+------+-------+-----+---------------

Colbert | 6 | 34.5 | 4,800 | 14 | VIII 10¾-inch,

+-----------+------+-------+-----+---------------

Trident | 6 | 34 | 4,800 | 14 | VIII 10¾-inch,

+-----------+------+-------+-----+---------------

Friedland | 6 | 15 | 3,800 | 13.3| VIII 10¾-inch,

+-----------+------+-------+-----+---------------

Richelieu | 6 | 34.5 | 3,800 | 13.8| VI 10¾-inch,

+-----------+------+-------+-----+---------------

Ocean | 6 | 32.3 | 3,878 | 13.8| IV 10¾-inch,

Marengo | 6 | 32.3 | 3,673 | 13.5| IV 9¼-inch,

Suffren | 6 | 32.3 | 4,181 | 14.1| VI 4¾-inch.

------------------+-----------+------+-------+-----+---------------

Gloire | 3 | 26 | 2,537 | 12.8| VI 9¼-inch,

------------------+-----------+------+-------+-----+----------------

Couronne | 3 | 15 | 2,820 | 12.2|

Flandre | 4 | 26 | 3,540 | 14.3|

Provence | 4 | 26 | 3,500 | 13.9|

Heroine | 4 | 26 | 3,143 | 12.1|

Gauloise | 4 | 26 | 3,500 | 13.9|

Guyenne | 4 | 26 | 3,500 | 13.9| VIII 9¼-inch,

Magnanime | 4 | 26 | 3,500 | 13.9| IV 7½-inch.

Savoie | 4 | 26 | 3,500 | 13.9|

Revanche | 4 | 26 | 3,500 | 13.8|

Surveillante | 4 | 26 | 3,500 | 13.8|

Valeureuse | 4 | 26 | 3,500 | 13.8|

------------------+-----------+------+-------+-----+----------------

Bayard | 7 | 15 | 3,200 | 14 | VI 9¼-inch,

Turenne | 7 | 15 | 3,200 | 14 | I 7½-inch,

Vauban | 7 | 15 | 3,200 | 14 | VI 5½-inch.

+-----------+------+-------+-----+--------------

La | 4.7 | 26 | 2,376 | 13 | VI 9¼-inch,

------------------+-----------+------+-------+-----+--------------

Victorieuse | 4.7 | 26 | 2,400 | 13.2| VI 9¼-inch,

+-----------+------+-------+-----+--------------

Triomphante | 4.7 | 26 | 2,400 | 13.2| VI 9¼-inch,

+-----------+------+-------+-----+--------------

Alma | 4.7 | 26 | 1,897 | 11.8|

Belliqueuese | 4.7 | 26 | 1,233 | 11.8|

Jeanne d’Arc | 4.7 | 26 | 1,900 | 12.3|

Thetis | 4.7 | 26 | 1,900 | 12.3| VI 7½-inch,

Armide | 4.7 | 26 | 1,900 | 12 | IV 4¾-inch.

Atalante | 4.7 | 26 | 1,900 | 12 |

Montcalm | 4.7 | 26 | 1,900 | 12 |

Reine Blanche | 4.7 | 26 | 1,900 | 12 |

------------------+-----------+------+-------+-----+--------------

Coast-defence Ships.

------------------+-----------+------+-------+-----+--------------

Tonnerre | 8.6 | 15.7 | 3,500 | 13.5|

Fulminant | 8.6 | 15.7 | 3,500 | 13.5| II 12½-inch.

Furieux | 8.6 | 15.7 | 3,500 | 13.5|

+-----------+------+-------+-----+--------------

Caïman | | | | 13.5|

Terrible | | | | 13.5|

------------------+-----------+------+-------+-----+--------------

Tempete | 9.85 | 15.7 | 1,500 | 10 | II 12½-inch.

Tonnant | 9.85 | 15.7 | 1,500 | 10 |

+-----------+------+-------+-----+--------------

Vengeur | 9.85 | 15.7 | 1,500 | 10 | II 9¼-inch.

------------------+-----------+------+-------+-----+--------------

Tigre | 6.3 | 31.5 | 1,800 | 12 |

Belier | 6.3 | 31.5 | 1,800 | 12 | II 9¼-inch.

Bouledogue | 6.3 | 31.5 | 1,800 | 12 |

Cerbere | 6.3 | 31.5 | 1,800 | 12 |

+-----------+------+-------+-----+---------------

Taureau | 4.3 | 26 | 1,805 | 11.9| I 12½-inch.

-------------------------------------------------------------------

Onondaga | 4 | 11.8 | 613 | 7 | II 9¼-inch.

------------------+-----------+------+-------+-----+---------------

Embuscade | 4.3 | 15.7 | 440 | 8.5 |

Protectrice | 4.3 | 15.7 | 440 | 8.5 | IV 7½-inch.

Imprenable | 4.3 | 15.7 | 440 | 8.5 |

Refuge | 4.3 | 15.7 | 440 | 8.5 |

+-----------+------+-------+-----+---------------

Implacable | 4.3 | 15.7 | 490 | 6.7 | III 9¼-inch.

Opiniatre | 4.3 | 15.7 | 490 | 6.7 |

------------------+-----------+------+-------+-----+---------------

Nos. 8, 9, 10, 11 | 3.1 | 13.8 | 100 | 5.3 | II 5½-inch.

------------------+-----------+------+-------+-----+---------------

AMIRAL DUPERRÉ. DUGUESCLIN.

Armored belt and four barbette turrets. Ram bow and overhanging dome

stern. The armor-belt covers the water-line to the height of the

main-deck beams, coming below the point of the ram and covering the

steering-gear. The barbette turrets are arranged one on each side,

abreast the forward smoke-stack, having an overhang of nearly half

its diameter, so as to give clear fore-and-aft fire. The other two

turrets are amidships, before and abaft the mizzen-mast. There are two

armored pilot-houses on the Duperré, one abreast the forward turrets

and one between the after ones; the Duguesclin has but one, forward.

The gun-deck battery is composed of light rifled guns, unprotected.

The deck plating of these ships is three inches in thickness (one inch

steel over two inches of iron). A bow-gun works in a single port under

the topgallant forecastle.

[Illustration: AMIRAL DUPERRÉ.]

DEVASTATION. FOUDROYANT. REDOUBTABLE.

Armored belt and redoubt. Ram bow and dome stern. The belt of the

Redoubtable encircles the water-line to the height of the main-deck

beams, curving down forward over the point of the ram; that of the

other two ships stops short of the curve of the counter in an armored

bulkhead, the lower edge being carried on by an armored deck to protect

the steering-gear. The sides forward and abaft the redoubt are given a

rank tumble home, the redoubt rising straight to the spar-deck, thus

giving clear fore-and-aft and beam fire from the main-deck battery.

A heavy gun is mounted in barbette on top of the redoubt, each side,

having a clear firing angle of 180°; the gun-slide alone is protected

by armor, while a musket-proof shield is mounted on the forward part

of the slide, as protection to the crew. On the spar-deck is carried a

battery of light rifles in broadside.

[Illustration: DEVASTATION.]