As soon as I had obtained information of the state of Kārshy, honour
instigated me to draw the sword of revenge from its scabbard, and to go
and subdue the fortress; at this time my spies informed me, that the
garrison consisted of only two thousand men, but that the other ten
thousand were encamped in two divisions in the vicinity. I therefore
summoned all my chiefs, and asked their advice, whether we should
proceed to Khurasān, or return and endeavour to take Kārshy; they
replied, “if we go to Khurasān, we shall all be made prisoners, and our
people will be dispersed; let us call on God to assist us, and return
towards Kārshy, please God we shall be victorious:” as this advice
appeared to me good, I determined to make the attempt.
But when my soldiers heard that there were twelve thousand of Amyr
Hussyn’s troops, in or near the fort, they were afraid: I therefore
determined to select three hundred and forty warriors, whose courage I
had often experienced,[84] and with them to make a forced march against
the fortress, whether successful or not. On this subject I sought an
omen in the Korān, and the following verse opened; “he assists whom he
pleases, for he (God) is all powerful and all wise;” from this verse I
derived hopes of success; I therefore made the requisite arrangement of
my troops, and at night, placing my trust in Providence, commenced my
march with three hundred and forty warriors.
At this time, Amyr Muvyd Arlāt, who was married to one of my sisters,
Tuvukkel Behader, Jakū Berlās, Surugtumush Aghlān, Dilavur Behader, who
was married to another of my sisters, and the other officers came and
made their salutations: as Muvyd Arlāt was the first who bent the knee,
I considered his name (the Strengthened) as auspicious, and as Tuvukkel
(Hope) was the second, I also considered his name as a good omen.
I however again consulted the Korān, and this verse came forth; “whoever
places his faith in God, shall obtain his wishes:” from this verse I
felt confident, and continued my march.
I crossed the river Amū (Jihūn) that same night, and halted at the
village of Akhshēb, and before day, I sent off an advance party to shut
up the road to Kārshy, by seizing and detaining all travellers and
passengers; that day I halted at a spot that was far from any inhabited
place: when night came on, we again mounted, and arrived at Berdalygh,
and immediately seized and confined all Amyr Musā’s people, who were in
that place; we then went to rest, very early in the morning we were
again on our horses, and when we stopt to rest, I sent on the
(Keravulan) light troops to detain all passengers. When night arrived,
we again mounted, and having reached Shyrkund, I wished to have gone
further, but Amyr Jakū came and bent the knee, and represented to me,
that in consequence of the length and rapidity of our march, many of our
warriors were fallen behind; “your Highness had better halt a little to
give them time to come up; what we have undertaken is of great
importance, let us avoid any risk of failure by impatience.”[85]
In consequence of this advice, I drew in my reins, and it then occurred
to me, that while we were waiting for the men to come up, we might
employ the time in making ladders and fascines from the trees which were
growing on the side of the road; we therefore procured some cord and
ropes, and began to make ladders.
During this time, it entered my mind that I would go myself and examine
the state of the fortress; I therefore proceeded with only forty men,
and in the course of the night, arrived near Kārshy; it happened that
the night was extremely dark, but as soon as we could distinguish the
walls, I ordered the men to halt, and taking only Abdallah, who was born
in my house, with me, we came to the bank of the ditch; I found that the
ditch was full of water, and having examined several places of it, at
length I discovered a plank thrown across it; I therefore alighted from
my horse, and gave him in charge to Abdallah; I then buckled on my
sword, and crossed the plank, and reached the _fause bray_; I continued
to walk round the walls till I came to the gate, I struck the knocker of
the gate, but no one answered, I was therefore convinced that the guards
were asleep. I then proceeded round the wall, and examined it
attentively; after some time I perceived a breach in the wall, very
favourable for applying ropes or ladders; I therefore returned very
coolly by the way I had come, and having received my horse from
Abdallah, I mounted. Soon after this time, my people, being well armed
and carrying the ladders, arrived, I informed them of all the
circumstances that has been related, and when they heard, that I had
alone inspected the fortress, their courage became ten-fold; they were
astonished at my courage and bravery, and bit their fingers with
amazement; some of them found fault with my rashness, others devoted
themselves for my safety; I then repeated the prayer for victory, and
proceeded.
I left forty persons in charge of the horses, and with three hundred and
thirteen dismounted men, with drawn swords, myself on horseback,
advanced till we came to the ditch, here I also alighted, and we crossed
the plank singly, and reached the _fause bray_ in safety; I then led my
warriors to the low part of the wall, where they carefully fixed the
ladders; I then commanded them to mount, and when forty of them had got
up, I also mounted the ladder, and took possession of one of the
bastions, after which all my people climbed up the wall; fortunately for
us, not a sentinel awoke during all this time.
I then ordered a party to go and seize the gate-way, when they reached
the gate, they found the guard fast asleep, and bound the most of them;
but those who attempted resistance, were put to death, they then broke
open the gate; when the inhabitants heard the uproar, they began to
tremble, and lost the use of their hands and feet.
At this time, I ordered the trumpets to sound, and when the inhabitants
heard the sound of the trumpets, they in great perturbation mounted the
flat roofs of their houses. Muhammed Beg, the son of Amyr Musā, who was
left as governor of the fort, mounted the roof of his house with a party
of his followers, and began to fight; but when the day broke, and he saw
my troops, he retreated to an upper roomed house, and barred the doors
and windows; my troops surrounded the house, and threw fire into it, on
which the family of Amyr Musā called out for quarter, and sought my
protection.
When Muhammed Beg, who was then very young, was brought into my
presence, I praised him for his courage, and I called him my son; then
both the soldiers and citizens came and begged for quarter, I forgave
them, and ordered them to keep every thing in order in the fort, to
secure all the provisions, and to collect all the arms, whether arrows,
bows, swords, or quivers, all these I divided among my troops.
I then made arrangements for the defence of the fort; I gave one of the
gates in charge of Amyr Sarbugā, Syf Addeen, and Muvyd Arlāt, the other
gate I gave over to Surugtumush Aghlān, Amyr Abās, and Hussyn Behader; I
appointed the other chiefs to take care of the different bastions; I
afterwards ordered Muvyd Arlāt to take post with forty troopers, outside
of the walls: having made these arrangements, I treated kindly the
family of Amyr Musā, and sent them to him.
When the intelligence of my having taken Kārshy by surprise, was
communicated to Amyr Musā, he in conjunction with Melk Behader,
immediately mounted, and with their twelve thousand horse, surrounded
the fortress, and laid siege to it; my men who were dispersed, on
hearing the news, collected together, but were afraid to approach the
fort.
Having taken post with my three hundred and thirteen men, within the
walls, I gave orders that all the gates should be thrown open, and with
such an inferior force, contended with my twelve thousand adversaries;
but during the latter part of the night, I sent out two detachments of
forty troopers each, under the command of Muvyd Arlāt and Balkhy Bughā,
to beat up the enemy’s encampment; and these brave fellows having dashed
on, about the dawn of day reached the tents of Amyr Musā, killed a
number of his people, and took others prisoners; some of my soldiers
were also killed and wounded.
Of the chiefs that were taken, the principal was Shādruān Behader; when
brought into my presence, I treated him very kindly, and with much
respect, and gave him the choice either of remaining with me, or of
going back; as he was much affected by my condescension, he agreed to
enter my service.
The next day, having recalled my detachments, I the following night sent
out Ak Bughā and Shādruān Behader, with two hundred horse, and they
returned with sixty horses taken from the enemy. That day, a party
consisting of two hundred of the enemy’s cavalry, got close under the
walls of the fort, and blockaded the gates; for two days I did not
molest them, but on the third day, I ordered the draw-bridge to be let
down, and sent out Balkhy Bughā and Ak Timūr Behader with sixty
warriors, who having taken the enemy by surprise, cut the greater part
of them to pieces; but at this time, a large party of the troops of Amyr
Hussyn came to their assistance, on which the flame of slaughter and
combat again blazed: I then sent out a reinforcement of twenty other
warriors; a severe contest took place between the enemy’s general, and
Ak Timūr Behader, in which the former was thrown down: during this scene
of confusion, a young (Auzbek) Usbek in the service of Amyr Musā, who
was celebrated for his strength and courage, advanced with a battle-axe
in his hand; one of my bravest chiefs, named Ghuzān Bughā, opposed him,
and when the Usbek raised his arm to fell my champion to the ground, the
latter seized him by the two arms, and dragged him into the fort, where
he was killed. When the enemy’s soldiers saw this circumstance, they
exclaimed, “this realizes the stories of _Rustem_ and _Isfundiar_,”[86]
and being terrified, they covered their heads with their shields, then
fled, and took refuge in the ditch.
At this time, I sent out another reinforcement to my people, who having
well beaten the enemy, drove them out of the ditch, and compelled them
to seek for shelter in the lanes of the suburbs.
When Amyr Musā and his confederates saw this circumstance, they mounted
their steeds, and having collected all their forces, advanced towards
the fortress; they then sent troops to support those in the suburbs, who
after a long and arduous struggle, compelled my people to retreat; I
then rushed out of the fort, and ordered my trumpets to sound: when my
soldiers who were dispersed, saw my flag, they became strong of heart,
and renewed their attacks on the enemy.
At this period, I called out to Balkhy Bughā and Behram Behader, and
pointed out to them the adversary’s general, Tuvukkel; they immediately
advanced towards him, but he took shelter under the wall, on which
Balkhy got on the top of the rampart, but not being able to reach him,
thrust his sword through a hole in the wall, which compelled Tuvukkel to
run away; Behram Behader pursued him, but one of my Khurasān officers,
supposing that the latter belonged to the enemy, killed him by a single
blow of his sword.
When Amyr Musā beheld the bravery of my troops, and saw me coming out of
the fort with my retinue, he sent off his confederate, Melk Behader, to
endeavour to force the other gate, which leads to Khezar; on observing
this, I sent orders to Sar Bughā and Syf Addeen, to shut the gate; these
brave officers having secured the gate, came out and boldly repulsed the
five thousand horse of the enemy. At the same time that Musā sent off
his confederate to the other side of the fort, he advanced in person
with four thousand horse against me; I also directed one hundred of my
warriors to meet him: when my party had extricated themselves from the
lanes of the suburbs, and appeared in sight of Musā, he looked at them
with ineffable contempt, and spurring on his steed, expected to have
instantly made them the food of his scymetar; but at this moment, I
having also come out of the town, urged on my horse, and being nobly
supported by my body guard, a severe conflict ensued in the plain; at
length, by the decree of God, an arrow struck Amyr Musā in the forehead,
upon which he turned tail, and fled with his seven thousand horse to his
camp; my chiefs wished to have pursued him, but I would not permit them.
At this time, a messenger arrived from my officers on the other side of
the fort, stating that they had also repulsed Melk Behader, and his five
thousand horse, and that if I could come to their assistance, they had
no doubt of our gaining a complete victory.
Having thus totally defeated Amyr Musā, and being quite satisfied with
my success, I returned to the fort, and having posted guards all round
the interior, I proceeded to the Khezar gate; and found that Melk
Behader had driven my troops into the suburb, and had compelled them to
take refuge under the walls of the fort, where they were warmly engaged:
on seeing this, I marched with all the cavalry and foot soldiers that
were with me, out of the fortress; and when I came near the enemy, I
called out with a loud voice, “the Lord is on our side.” When Melk
Behader saw my suite, he knew that it was me, and convinced that I was
come to seek revenge, he advanced to meet me, on which the nerves of my
courage and rivalship being roused, I made a charge on him with forty
troopers; he opposed me with sixty horsemen, and endeavoured to turn my
right, but having failed, and seeing my standard advancing, he turned
round and fled, with the intention of joining his principal; but having
learned that he had also been defeated, he continued his flight towards
his camp, which was at Kenbudluly. I immediately sent off Amyr Jakū and
Syf Addeen, with a party to pursue him, whilst I followed them closely;
I also sent another party to show themselves in the vicinity of Musā’s
encampment.
When the enemy’s general saw the dust raised by my party, he was
alarmed, saddled his horses, and galloped off; I ordered Amyr Dāud to
pursue him, and to seize as many of his horses, and as much plunder as
he could lay hands on. When this brave officer had nearly come up with
the enemy, the rear guard (Chundavul) faced about, and made a charge on
Amyr Dāud, and a severe conflict took place; as soon as I came up, I
also engaged them, but when our hands reached their collars, they could
not contend with us, and took to flight; in consequence of which, a
number of their led horses were seized by my people, and by my
auspicious fortune the standards of the enemy’s pride were overturned.
During this time, the officers and chiefs of the enemy being quite
discomfited, were retreating towards Khezar, and it so happened that
Arzū Melk Aghā, the daughter of Amyr Jelayr, and the wife of Amyr Musā,
who in the confusion of the defeat, had been left behind, having joined
the runaways, was overtaken; when I saw her, I instantly sent to her my
(Shadruān) canopy to conceal her from public view, and gave her in
charge of Dūlet Shāh, the pay-master, who was a (Hery Maimur) eunuch, or
pilgrim; and what was very extraordinary, the lady being big with child,
was safely delivered of a daughter in that desert.[87] I pursued the
enemy as far as the village of Feriltay, and spent the night in that
place.
As soon as the morning dawned, the whole of the enemy were driven from
the vicinity of Kārshy; and my Amyrs Jakū and Syf Addeen, having
followed the runaways as far as the village of Jugerlyk, returned, and
congratulated me on victory.
As the winter was now approaching, I deemed it advisable to take up my
quarters at Kārshy, during the inclement season; but some of the chiefs
advised my making Bokharā my winter quarters; I said, “although Amyr
Hussyn’s army has been defeated, his jealousy will be roused when he
hears that I have in person, taken possession of Bokharā, and will
endeavour to annoy me; besides it is a ruinous place, and provisions are
very scarce, it will be better to fix our winter quarters at Kārshy: I
will send Mahmūd Shāh to Bokharā, that he may repair and render it
populous, and he may remit the amount of the collections to my treasury;
I will also invite Beg Shāh, who is now an emigrant in Khurasān, and
give him charge of the country; I will further write to Aly Beg Yusury,
who is now a wanderer in the desert, to join his son-in-law, Mahmūd
Shāh, at Bokharā; but we will in the mean time remain at Kārshy, and
repair the losses we have sustained, during the late campaign; my people
also will collect their families, and refresh their animals.” After the
council was concluded, I returned towards Kārshy, and encamped on the
plain of victory, and there enjoyed myself.
-----
Footnote 84:
In the Institutes, only forty men are mentioned.
Footnote 85:
See Institutes, page 97.
Footnote 86:
Two heroes of the _Shāh Nameh_.
Footnote 87:
The latter subsequently became his wife.