Optica delineatio Architecturæ Jacobi Barozzii; & primum, de Stylobata
Ordinis Etrusci.
_Perspectiva nusquam clariùs emicat, quàm in Architectura. Iccirco tibi
ob oculos pono Architecturam Jacobi Barozzii, quem à patria nuncupant ~Il
Vignola~, reliquis fortasse usitatiorem; in eaque continetur elevatio
geometrica singulorum quinque Ordinum, qui vocantur, Etruscus, Doricus,
Ionicus, Corinthius, & Romanus, vel Compositus; delineando seorsim partes
cujuscunque Ordinis in figuris grandioribus. Elevationi geometricæ
suum vestigium nos addemus; ex vestigio autem & ex elevatione opticè
deformatis, eliciemus apparentias solidorum juxta regulam traditam.
Exempli gratia, si delineare velis stylobatam quadratum & pilam Ordinis
Etrusci, præter elevationem geometricam ~A~ delineare oportet vestigium
geometricum ~B~; ex ambobus autem opticè contractis formatur stylobata
nitidus ~D~, cum anta & pila existente ad latus, accipiendo altitudines
à linea plani, latitudines à linea perpendiculari ad ipsum planum. In
alia delineatione posuimus pilam ex adverso, ut eis omni modo delineandis
assuescas._
_Ad vitandam confusionem linearum, proderit ut figuræ fiant his nostris
multò grandiores: in quem finem singulis paginis apposita est scala
modulorum. Hoc nomine intelliguntur partes æquales, in quas dividuntur
lineæ latitudinis & altitudinis elevationum geometricarum; ac lineæ
latitudinis & longitudinis vestigiorum geometricorum. Si moduli sint
parvi, subdividuntur singuli in duodecim partes; ac prout fuerint
grandiores, subdividuntur in partes triginta, vel sexaginta, vel
centumviginti. ~Modulos Etruscum Doricúmque in partes duodecim; reliquos
autem in octodecim partiti sunt.~_
The Ninth Figure.
_The Architecture of ~Vignola~ in Perspective; and first, of his Pedestal
of the ~Tuscan~ Order._
Perspective never appears more graceful, than in Architecture; for
which Reason I present you with that of _James Barozzi_, from his
Country generally call’d _Vignola_; which perhaps is more in use than
any other; and contains the Geometrical Upright of each of the five
Orders, _viz._ the _Tuscan_, _Dorick_, _Ionick_, _Corinthian_, and the
_Roman_, or _Composite_; together with a separate Delineation of the
Parts of each Order, in larger Figures. To this Geometrical Elevation
we shall add the Plan, and, from both of them reduc’d into Perspective,
shall draw the Appearances of Solids, according to the Rule before laid
down. For Example: If you would draw the square _Tuscan_ Pedestal, and
its Pilaster, you must, from the Geometrical Elevation A, make the
Geometrical Plan B; and from both of them reduc’d in Perspective, draw
the finish’d Pedestal D, with that of its Pilaster on the Side, by
taking the Heights from the Ground-line, and the Breadths from a Line
perpendicular to the same. On the other Side we have placed the Pilaster
on the Back-part, that you may practise the Drawing them in any manner.
For avoiding the Confusion of Lines, I advise you to make the Figures
as much larger than ours as you can; for which purpose there is annex’d
a Scale of Modules to each Figure. By this Name we understand the equal
Parts, into which the Lines of the Breadth and Height of the Geometrical
Uprights, and of the Breadth and Length of the Geometrical Plans, are
divided. If the Modules are small, they are subdivided into twelve Parts;
and according as they are larger, into thirty, sixty, or an hundred and
twenty Parts. _I have divided the ~Tuscan~ and ~Dorick~ Module into
twelve Parts, and that of the other Orders into eighteen._
[Illustration: FIG. 10.]