_Sarcoma._ Round or spindle shaped celled sarcomata have been described
by Sodero and Cadeac, leading in one case to perforation of the vena
portæ and death by hæmorrhage into the peritoneum.
_Adenoma._ Martin records a case of a hepatic tumor formed of adenoid
tissue which had extended into the vena portæ, and microscopically
presented a cylindroid character. In the advanced stages it caused some
jaundice, digestive disorder, obstinate constipation, progressive and
extreme emaciation, and weakness which kept the animal constantly in a
recumbent position.
_Angioma._ These are rarely seen in the young but are comparatively
common in old cows as they are in aged men. They form masses of a dark
red color and very variable size, and have a limiting sac of connective
tissue or merge into the adjacent hepatic structure. Microscopically
they consist of a series of irregular lacunæ filled with liquid blood,
blood clots, or leucocytes, and communicating with small blood vessels
in the walls and partitions. They are believed to be formed by
dilatation of the liver capillaries with subsequent thickening of their
distended walls, and atrophy of the nearest liver cells. Cases of the
kind have been recorded by Kitt, Martin, McFadyean, Saake, Van der
Sluys, Korevaar and others. Though often seen in abattoirs, they seem to
have little effect on the general health, and no special symptoms have
been noted as indicating their existence.
_Congenital Cysts._ These are found on the anterior surface or lower
border of the liver in young calves. They have no connection with the
blood vessels, nor biliary canals, contain no head of larval tænia, and
do not constantly show the presence of any particular bacterium. These
walls are thin and their contents alkaline, with sometimes slight blood
extravasation, or a yellowish deposit in which cocci have been found.
Unless connected with cirrhosis or other serious disease of the hepatic
tissue, their presence seems to have no pathological significance.
_Carcinoma._ This has been recorded in the liver of cattle by Gurlt,
Brückmüller, Kitt and others. From the walls of the gall bladder it
grows in pyriform masses, and on the surface and in the interior of the
liver, it may appear as hard, cancerous masses of all sizes.
_Epithelioma._ This has been described by Kitt, Martin, Blanc, Leblanc,
Morot, Cadeac, and Besnoit. It appears in masses varying in size from a
millet seed up, bulging from the surface of the organ or deeply hidden
in its substance, and stained yellow or green with bile. The liver is
usually enlarged, amounting to even 34 pounds (Cadeac). The formation
commencing in the acini invades all surrounding parts causing
compression and atrophy of the liver cells, and the formation of nests
of epithelioid cells often with multiple nuclei and nucleoli. Cirrhosis
is not uncommon, and fatty and other degenerations. Microbic invasion
and necrobiosis are also common.