complete evidence, as to what took place in Khartoum. A copy of one of
the defiant messages Gordon used to circulate for the special purpose
of letting them fall into the hands of the Mahdi was dated 29th of
that month, and ran to the effect, "Can hold Khartoum for years."
There was also the final message to the Sovereigns of the Powers,
undated, and probably written, if at all, by Gordon, during the final
agony of the last few weeks, perhaps when Omdurman had fallen. It was
worded as follows:--
"After salutations, I would at once, calling to mind what I have
gone through, inform their Majesties, the Sovereigns, of the
action of Great Britain and the Ottoman Empire, who appointed me
as Governor-General of the Soudan for the purpose of appeasing
the rebellion in that country.
"During the twelve months that I have been here, these two
Powers, the one remarkable for her wealth, and the other for her
military force, have remained unaffected by my situation--perhaps
relying too much on the news sent by Hussein Pasha Khalifa, who
surrendered of his own accord.
"Although I, personally, am too insignificant to be taken into
account, the Powers were bound, nevertheless, to fulfil the
engagement upon which my appointment was based, so as to shield
the honour of the Governments.
"What I have gone through I cannot describe. The Almighty God
will help me."
Although this copy was not in Gordon's own writing, it was brought
down by one of his clerks, who escaped from Khartoum, and he declared
that the original had been sent in a cartridge case to Dongola. The
style is certainly the style of Gordon, and there was no one in the
Soudan who could imitate it. It seems safe, as Sir Henry Gordon did,
to accept it as the farewell message of his brother.
Until fresh evidence comes to light, that of Slatin Pasha, then a
chained captive in the Mahdi's camp, is alone entitled to the
slightest credence, and it is extremely graphic. We can well believe
that up to the last moment Gordon continued to send out
messages--false, to deceive the Mahdi, and true to impress Lord
Wolseley. The note of 29th December was one of the former; the little
French note on half a cigarette paper, brought by Abdullah Khalifa to
Slatin to translate early in January, may have been one of the latter.
It said:--"Can hold Khartoum at the outside till the end of January."
Slatin then describes the fall of Omdurman on 15th January, with
Gordon's acquiescence, which entirely disposes of the assertion that
Ferratch, the gallant defender of that place during two months, was a
traitor, and of how, on its surrender, Gordon's fire from the western
wall of Khartoum prevented the Mahdists occupying it. He also comments
on the alarm caused by the first advance of the British force into the
Bayuda desert, and of the despatch of thousands of the Mahdi's best
warriors to oppose it. Those forces quitted the camp at Omdurman
between 10th and 15th January, and this step entirely disposes of the
theory that the Mahdi held Khartoum in the hollow of his hand, and
could at any moment take it. As late as the 15th of January, Gordon's
fire was so vigorous and successful that the Mahdi was unable to
retain possession of the fort which he had just captured.
The story had best be continued in the words used by the witness. Six
days after the fall of Omdurman loud weeping and wailing filled the
Mahdi's camp. As the Mahdi forbade the display of sorrow and grief it
was clear that something most unusual had taken place. Then it came
out that the British troops had met and utterly defeated the tribes,
with a loss to the Mahdists of several thousands. Within the next two
or three days came news of the other defeat at Abou Kru, and the loud
lamentations of the women and children could not be checked. The Mahdi
and his chief emirs, the present Khalifa Abdullah prominent among
them, then held a consultation, and it was decided, sooner than lose
all the fruits of the hitherto unchecked triumph of their cause, to
risk an assault on Khartoum. At night on the 24th, and again on the
25th, the bulk of the rebel force was conveyed across the river to the
right bank of the White Nile; the Mahdi preached them a sermon,
promising them victory, and they were enjoined to receive his remarks
in silence, so that no noise was heard in the beleaguered city. By
this time their terror of the mines laid in front of the south wall
had become much diminished, because the mines had been placed too low
in the earth, and they also knew that Gordon and his diminished force
were in the last stages of exhaustion. Finally, the Mahdi or his
energetic lieutenant decided on one more arrangement, which was
probably the true cause of their success. The Mahdists had always
delivered their attack half an hour after sunrise; on this occasion
they decided to attack half an hour before dawn, when the whole scene
was covered in darkness. Slatin knew all these plans, and as he
listened anxiously in his place of confinement he was startled, when
just dropping off to sleep, by "the deafening discharge of thousands
of rifles and guns; this lasted for a few minutes, then only
occasional rifle shots were heard, and now all was quiet again. Could
this possibly be the great attack on Khartoum? A wild discharge of
firearms and cannon, and in a few minutes complete silence!" He was
not left long in doubt. Some hours afterwards three black soldiers
approached, carrying in a bloody cloth the head of General Gordon,
which he identified. It is unnecessary to add the gruesome details
which Slatin picked up as to his manner of death from the gossip of
the camp. In this terrible tragedy ended that noble defence of
Khartoum, which, wherever considered or discussed, and for all time,
will excite the pity and admiration of the world.
There is no need to dwell further on the terrible end of one of the
purest heroes our country has ever produced, whose loss was national,
but most deeply felt as an irreparable shock, and as a void that can
never be filled up by that small circle of men and women who might
call themselves his friends. Ten years elapsed after the eventful
morning when Slatin pronounced over his remains the appropriate
epitaph, "A brave soldier who fell at his post; happy is he to have
fallen; his sufferings are over!" before the exact manner of Gordon's
death was known, and some even clung to the chance that after all he
might have escaped to the Equator, and indeed it was not till long
after the expedition had returned that the remarkable details of his
single-handed defence of Khartoum became known. Had all these
particulars come out at the moment when the public learnt that
Khartoum had fallen, and that the expedition was to return without
accomplishing anything, it is possible that there would have been a
demand that no Minister could have resisted to avenge his fate; but it
was not till the publication of the journals that the exact character
of his magnificent defence and of the manner in which he was treated
by those who sent him came to be understood and appreciated by the
nation.
The lapse of time has been sufficient to allow of a calm judgment
being passed on the whole transaction, and the considerations which I
have put forward with regard to it in the chronicle of events have
been dictated by the desire to treat all involved in the matter with
impartiality. If they approximate to the truth, they warrant the
following conclusions. The Government sent General Gordon to the
Soudan on an absolutely hopeless mission for any one or two men to
accomplish without that support in reinforcements on which General
Gordon thought he could count. General Gordon went to the Soudan, and
accepted that mission in the enthusiastic belief that he could arrest
the Mahdi's progress, and treating as a certainty which did not
require formal expression the personal opinion that the Government,
for the national honour, would comply with whatever demands he made
upon it. As a simple matter of fact, every one of those demands, some
against and some with Sir Evelyn Baring's authority, were rejected. No
incident could show more clearly the imperative need of definite
arrangements being made even with Governments; and in this case the
precipitance with which General Gordon was sent off did not admit of
him or the Government knowing exactly what was in the other's mind.
Ostensibly of one mind, their views on the matter in hand were really
as far as the poles asunder.
There then comes the second phase of the question--the alleged
abandonment of General Gordon by the Government which enlisted his
services in face of an extraordinary, and indeed unexampled danger and
difficulty. The evidence, while it proves conclusively and beyond
dispute that Mr Gladstone's Government never had a policy with regard
to the Soudan, and that even Gordon's heroism, inspiration, and
success failed to induce them to throw aside their lethargy and take
the course that, however much it may be postponed, is inevitable, does
not justify the charge that it abandoned Gordon to his fate. It
rejected the simplest and most sensible of his propositions, and by
rejecting them incurred an immense expenditure of British treasure and
an incalculable amount of bloodshed; but when the personal danger to
its envoy became acute, it did not abandon him, but sanctioned the
cost of the expedition pronounced necessary to effect his rescue. This
decision, too late as it was to assist in the formation of a new
administration for the Soudan, or to bring back the garrisons, was
taken in ample time to ensure the personal safety and rescue of
General Gordon. In the literal sense of the charge, history will
therefore acquit Mr Gladstone and his colleagues of the abandonment of
General Gordon personally.
With regard to the third phase of the question--viz. the failure of
the attempt to rescue General Gordon, which was essentially a
military, and not a political question--the responsibility passes from
the Prime Minister to the military authorities who decided the scope
of the campaign, and the commander who carried it out. In this case,
the individual responsible was the same. Lord Wolseley not only had
his own way in the route to be followed by the expedition, and the
size and importance attached to it, but he was also entrusted with its
personal direction. There is consequently no question of the
sub-division of the responsibility for its failure, just as there
could have been none of the credit for its success. Lord Wolseley
decided that the route should be the long one by the Nile Valley, not
the short one from Souakim to Berber. Lord Wolseley decreed that there
should be no Indian troops, and that the force, instead of being an
ordinary one, should be a picked special corps from the _élite_ of the
British army; and finally Lord Wolseley insisted that there should be
no dash to the rescue of Gordon by a small part of his force, but a
slow, impressive, and overpoweringly scientific advance of the whole
body. The extremity of Gordon's distress necessitated a slight
modification of his plan, when, with qualified instructions, which
practically tied his hands, Sir Herbert Stewart made his first
appearance at Jakdul.
It was then known to Lord Wolseley that Gordon was in extremities,
yet when a fighting force of 1100 English troops, of special physique
and spirit, was moved forward with sufficient transport to enable it
to reach the Nile and Gordon's steamers, the commander's instructions
were such as confined him to inaction, unless he disobeyed his orders,
which only Nelsons and Gordons can do with impunity. It is impossible
to explain this extraordinary timidity. Sir Herbert Stewart reached
Jakdul on 3rd January with a force small in numbers, but in every
other respect of remarkable efficiency, and with the camels
sufficiently fresh to have reached the Nile on 7th or 8th January had
it pressed on. The more urgent news that reached Lord Wolseley after
its departure would have justified the despatch of a messenger to urge
it to press on at all costs to Metemmah. In such a manner would a
Havelock or Outram have acted, yet the garrison of the Lucknow
Residency was in no more desperate case than Gordon at Khartoum.
It does not need to be a professor of a military academy to declare
that, unless something is risked in war, and especially wars such as
England has had to wage against superior numbers in the East, there
will never be any successful rescues of distressed garrisons. Lord
Wolseley would risk nothing in the advance from Korti to Metemmah,
whence his advance guard did not reach the latter place till the 20th,
instead of the 7th of January. His lieutenant and representative, Sir
Charles Wilson, would not risk anything on the 21st January, whence
none of the steamers appeared at Khartoum until late on the 27th, when
all was over. Each of these statements cannot be impeached, and if so,
the conclusion seems inevitable that in the first and highest degree
Lord Wolseley was alone responsible for the failure to reach Khartoum
in time, and that in a very minor degree Sir Charles Wilson might be
considered blameworthy for not having sent off one of the steamers
with a small reinforcement to Khartoum on the 21st January, before
even he allowed Cassim el Mousse to take any part in the attack on
Metemmah. He could not have done this himself, but he would have had
no difficulty in finding a substitute. When, however, there were
others far more blameworthy, it seems almost unjust to a gallant
officer to say that by a desperate effort he might at the very last
moment have snatched the chestnuts out of the fire, and converted the
most ignominious failure in the military annals of this country into a
creditable success.
* * * * *
The tragic end at Khartoum was not an inappropriate conclusion for the
career of Charles Gordon, whose life had been far removed from the
ordinary experiences of mankind. No man who ever lived was called upon
to deal with a greater number of difficult military and
administrative problems, and to find the solution for them with such
inadequate means and inferior troops and subordinates. In the Crimea
he showed as a very young man the spirit, discernment, energy, and
regard for detail which were his characteristics through life. Those
qualities enabled him to achieve in China military exploits which in
their way have never been surpassed. The marvellous skill, confidence,
and vigilance with which he supplied the shortcomings of his troops,
and provided for the wants of a large population at Khartoum for the
better part of a year, showed that, as a military leader, he was still
the same gifted captain who had crushed the Taeping rebellion twenty
years before. What he did for the Soudan and its people during six
years' residence, at a personal sacrifice that never can be
appreciated, has been told at length; but pages of rhetoric would not
give as perfect a picture as the spontaneous cry of the blacks: "If we
only had a governor like Gordon Pasha, then the country would indeed
be contented."
"Such examples are fruitful in the future," said Mr Gladstone in the
House of Commons; and it is as a perfect model of all that was good,
brave, and true that Gordon will be enshrined in the memory of the
great English nation which he really died for, and whose honour was
dearer to him than his life. England may well feel proud of having
produced so noble and so unapproachable a hero. She has had, and she
will have again, soldiers as brave, as thoughtful, as prudent, and as
successful as Gordon. She has had, and she will have again, servants
of the same public spirit, with the same intense desire that not a
spot should sully the national honour. But although this breed is not
extinct, there will never be another Gordon. The circumstances that
produced him were exceptional; the opportunities that offered
themselves for the demonstration of his greatness can never fall to
the lot of another; and even if by some miraculous combination the man
and the occasions arose, the hero, unlike Gordon, would be spoilt by
his own success and public applause. But the qualities which made
Gordon superior not only to all his contemporaries, but to all the
temptations and weaknesses of success, are attainable; and the student
of his life will find that the guiding star he always kept before him
was the duty he owed his country. In that respect, above all others,
he has left future generations of his countrymen a great example.
THE END.
INDEX.
_Abbas_, steamer, ii. 144;
loss of, 145-6.
Abd-el-Kader, ii. 100, 102, 119.
Abdulgassin, ii. 32.
Abdullah, the present Khalifa, ii. 98, 102.
Abdurrahman, ii. 45, 68.
Abou Hamid, ii. 144.
Abou Klea, ii. 163;
battle of, 164;
loss at, _ibid._, 166.
Abouna, an, ii. 33.
Abou Kru, ii. 164;
battle of, 165, 169.
Abou Sammat, ii. 29.
Abou Saoud, i. 149.
Abyssinia, the expedition to, i. 131-2; ii. 5, 32, 35, 70 _passim_.
Academy, Royal Military, i. 5, 6, 7.
Adye, Sir John, i. 137.
Afghanistan, ii. 45, 68, 69, 70.
Alagos, i. 40.
Albert Lake, i. 155, 156.
Alexandropol, i. 35.
Alla-ed-Din, ii. 102.
Alma, i. 8, 16.
Amoy, i. 72.
Anderson, W. C., i. 41.
Anfina, i. 158.
Ani, i. 37, 38.
Arabi Pasha, ii. 97.
Arabs as soldiers, i. 150.
Ararat, Mount, i. 38, 39.
Aras, i. 33.
Arendrup, ii. 5.
Arokol Bey, ii. 5.
_Army and Navy Gazette_, ii. 70.
Ashantee Expedition, i. 138.
Assiout, ii. 133.
Assouan, ii. 153.
Athens, i. 15.
Ayoob, ii. 68.
Bahr Arab, ii. 27.
Bahr Gazelle, ii. 25, 105, 128.
Baker, Sir S., i. 142, 143, 145, 149, 157; ii. 113, 118, 139.
Baker Pasha, ii. 105, 136.
Balaclava, i. 15, 16.
Bara, ii. 103.
Bari tribe, i. 150, 151, 153.
Baring, Sir Evelyn, _see_ Lord Cromer.
Bashi-Bazouks, ii. 4, 9, 10, 141, 142, 144.
Basutoland and its question, ii. 71, 72, 75 _et seq._;
description of, 77-82.
Basutos, as cavalry, ii. 87.
Bayuda desert, ii. 161, 162, 163.
Bedden, i. 153.
Beechy, i. 90.
Bellal Bey, i. 143.
Berber, i. 147; ii. 96, 139, 140, 143, 145, 159, 163.
Beresford, Lord Charles, ii. 166;
rescues Sir C. Wilson, 167.
Berzati Bey, ii. 65.
Bessarabia, i. 32.
Bismarck, Prince, ii. 54, 55.
Bisson, General, ii. 137.
Blignières, M. de, ii. 107.
Bogos, ii. 5, 33.
Bolgrad, i. 32, 33.
Boma Sola, i. 32.
Bombay, ii. 45.
Bonham, Sir G., i. 76.
Bonnefoy, Capt., i. 92, 102.
Bordeen, ii. 147, 151, 167.
Borgu, ii. 32.
Brandt, Herr von, ii. 54-55.
Brocklehurst, Colonel, ii. 95-96.
Brown, General, i. 90.
Brown, Major, i. 116.
Bruce, Sir Frederick, i. 47, 110, 121.
Brussels, ii. 92-95.
Burgevine, i. 54-59, 78, 81, 89, 90, 92-93.
Burgoyne, Sir John, i. 14.
Burnaby, Colonel Fred., ii. 164.
Cairo, i. 145;
affairs at, 145-6; ii. 159, 161.
Cambridge, Duke of, i. 112, 123; ii. 96, 122.
Camel, the, ii. 11, 16.
Camel Corps, the, ii. 164.
Campbell, Mr J. D., ii. 49.
Campbell, Major, i. 147.
Candahar, ii. 45, 68-69.
Cape Government, ii. 39, 75-76.
Cape Town, ii. 76;
opinion at, 88-89.
Cardew, Lieut., i. 47.
Cassim el Mousse, ii. 165, 172.
Cathcart, Sir George, ii. 77, 86.
Cave, Mr, ii. 19.
Cere, Colonel, i. 20.
Chagos Group, ii. 73.
Chamberlaine, Sir N., ii. 48.
Chan-chia-wan, i. 45.
Changchufu, i. 113, 118.
Chang Kwoliang, i. 66, 72, 74.
Changsha, i. 67.
Chanzu, i. 79-81, 93, 94.
Chatham, Engineers' Headquarters, i. 7, 45.
Cherif Pasha, ii. 2, 21, 31, 107, 139.
Chesney, Sir George, i. 19, 116.
China, scenery of, i. 53, 60-64.
Ching, General, i. 57, 82, 84, 88-89, 91-93, 96-103, 113.
Chinkiangfoo, i. 69.
Chippendall, Lieut., i. 148.
Cholin, i. 51.
Chung How, ii. 50.
Chung Wang, i. 50, 55-56, 71-76, 92-99, 113, 116, 118, 121.
Chunye, i. 84-87.
Clarke, Miss A. M., i. 3.
Clayton, Capt., i. 84.
Coetlogon, Colonel de, ii. 105, 119, 134-136.
Congo, the, ii. 89, 91-95, 140.
Constantinople, i. 33-41, 139.
Cookesley, Colonel, i. 83.
Corfu, i. 14.
_Courbash_, the, abolished in Soudan, ii. 6.
Crimea, i. 8-9, 14, 16, 138.
Cromer, Lord, ii. 21;
Gordon's scene with, _ibid._;
opposes Gordon, 118-122, 125, 128, 137;
his suggestion, 139, 140, 147, 153.
Culloden, i. 3.
Cumberland, Duke of, i. 3.
Cuzzi, ii. 143.
Cyprus, ii. 125.
Danube, i. 136-7.
Dara, ii. 10-12, 14, 27, 104.
Dar Djumna, ii. 145.
Dardanelles, i. 15.
Darfour, i. 143-4; ii. 9-11, 17, 30-31, 113.
Davidson, Capt., i. 85.
De Norman, i. 45.
Debbeh, ii. 161.
Debra Tabor, ii. 34.
Dem Idris, ii. 27.
Dem Suleiman, ii. 28.
Dent, Mr H., i. 108.
Derby, Earl of, ii. 23.
Devonshire, Duke of, first moves to render Gordon assistance, ii. 156;
his preparations for an expedition, ii. 156-7.
Dilke, Sir C., ii. 96, 117, 121.
Dongola, ii. 98, 139, 157, 159, 160, 161.
Donnelly, General J., i. 22; ii. 66.
Dubaga, i. 160.
Duem, i. 103.
Duncan, Colonel, ii. 143-4.
Durand, Sir M., ii. 47.
Earle, Major-General, ii. 158-9.
Eastern Question, the, ii. 40-42.
Eden, Garden of, ii. 74.
Egerton, Mr, ii. 147, 155.
El Obeid, ii. 101, 103.
Elphinstone, Sir Howard, ii. 72.
Empress-Regents, the, i. 123, 133.
Enderby, Elizabeth, Gordon's mot 3-4.
_See_ also Mrs Gordon.
Enderby, Mr George, i. 94.
England, her hesitating policy, ii. 8;
power of, 73.
Equator, the, ii. 140, 147.
Equatorial Province, the, i. 147, 151.
Eristaw, Prince, i. 42.
Erivan, i. 38.
Erzeroum, i. 34.
Etchmiazin, i. 40.
Ever-Victorious Army, i. 56, 58-60.
Expedition, the Relief, ii. 157-8.
Eyre, General, i. 24.
Fascher, ii. 10-11.
Fashoda, i. 148.
Ferratch Pasha, ii. 148.
_Firefly_, the, i. 113.
Fisher, Corporal, i. 39-40.
Forrester, Colonel, i. 57.
Forster, Rt. Hon. W. E., ii, 115.
Foweira, i. 156.
France, i. 62.
Franco-Chinese, the, i. 92, 102.
French soldiers, Gordon's opinion of, i. 17-8.
Fusaiquan, i. 97.
Fusham, i. 80-81, 116.
Gagarin, Prince, i. 42.
Galatz, i. 32, 136-8.
Gandamak, i. 45.
Gara, ii. 30.
Gebra, i. 103.
Geographical Society, Royal, i. 156.
Gessi Romulus, i. 148, 155-7; ii. 26-31.
Gezireh, i. 111.
Giegler Pasha, ii. 143.
Gladstone, Rt. Hon. W. E., ii. 94, 122;
Gladstone and his Government, ii. 151;
how they came to employ Gordon, ii. 151-2;
undeceived as to Gordon's views, ii. 152-3;
their indecision, ii. 153;
statement in House, ii. 154;
dismayed by Gordon's boldness, ii. 155;
their radical fault, ii. 156;
degree of responsibility, ii. 170;
acquittal of personal abandonment of Gordon, ii. 171.
Golden Fleece, the, i. 15.
Gondar, ii. 34.
Gondokoro, i. 146, 147, 155.
Gordon, derivation of name, i. 1, 2.
Gordon, Charles George:
birth, i. 1;
family history, 1-4;
childhood, 4;
enters Woolwich Academy, 5;
early escapades, 5-6;
put back six months and elects for Engineers, 6;
his spirit, 7;
his examinations, _ibid._;
gets commission, _ibid._;
his work at Pembroke, 8;
his brothers, 9;
his sisters, 10;
his brother-in-law, Dr Moffitt, _ibid._;
personal appearance of, 11-14;
his height, 11;
his voice, 12;
ordered to Corfu, 14;
changed to Crimea, _ibid._;
passes Constantinople, 15;
views on the Dardanelles' forts, _ibid._;
reaches Balaclava, 16;
opinion of French soldiers, 17, 18;
his first night in the trenches, 18-19;
his topographical knowledge, 19;
his special aptitude for war, _ibid._;
account of the capture of the Quarries, 21-22;
of the first assault on Redan, 22-24;
Kinglake's opinion of, 25;
on the second assault on Redan, 26-28;
praises the Russians, 28;
joins Kimburn expedition, _ibid._;
destroying Sebastopol, 29-31;
his warlike instincts, 31;
appointed to Bessarabian Commission, 32;
his letters on the delimitation work, 33;
ordered to Armenia, _ibid._;
journey from Trebizonde, 34;
describes Kars, 34-35;
his other letters from Armenia, 35-39;
ascends Ararat, 39-40;
returns home, 41;
again ordered to the Caucasus, 41, 42;
some personal idiosyncrasies, 43, 44;
gazetted captain, 45;
appointment at Chatham, 45;
sails for China, _ibid._;
too late for fighting, _ibid._;
describes sack of Summer Palace, 46;
buys the Chinese throne, _ibid._;
his work at Tientsin, 47;
a trip to the Great Wall, 47-49;
arrives at Shanghai, 49;
distinguishes himself in the field, 50;
his daring, 51;
gets his coat spoiled, 52;
raised to rank of major, _ibid._;
surveys country round Shanghai, 52, 53;
describes Taepings, 53;
nominated for Chinese service, 54;
reaches Sungkiang, 60;
qualifications for the command, 78;
describes his force, 79;
inspects it, _ibid._;
first action, 79, 80;
impresses Chinese, 80;
described by Li Hung Chang, _ibid._;
made Tsungping, _ibid._;
forbids plunder, 81;
his flotilla, _ibid._;
his strategy, _ibid._;
captures Taitsan, 82;
difficulty with his officers, 83;
besieges Quinsan, _ibid._;
reconnoitres it, 84;
attacks and takes it, 85-87;
removes to Quinsan, 87;
deals with a mutiny, 88;
incident with General Ching, 89;
resigns and withdraws resignation, _ibid._;
contends with greater difficulties, 90;
undertakes siege of Soochow, 91;
negotiates with Burgevine, 92, 93;
relieves garrison, 94;
great victory, _ibid._;
describes the position round Soochow, 95;
his hands tied by the Chinese, 96;
his main plan of campaign, 97;
his first repulse, _ibid._;
captures the stockades, 98;
his officers, 99;
his share in negotiations with Taepings, _ibid._;
difficulty about pay, 100;
resigns command, _ibid._;
guards Li Hung Chang's tent, _ibid._;
enters Soochow, 101;
scene with Ching, _ibid._;
asks Dr Macartney to go to Lar Wang, _ibid._;
questions interpreter, _ibid._;
detained by Taepings, _ibid._;
and then by Imperialists, 102;
scene with Ching, _ibid._;
identifies the bodies of the Wangs, _ibid._;
what he would have done, _ibid._;
the fresh evidence relating to the Wangs, 103 _et seq._;
conversation with Ching, 103;
and Macartney, _ibid._;
relations with Macartney, 103, 104;
offers him succession to command, 104, 105;
letter to Li Hung Chang, 106;
Li sends Macartney to Gordon, _ibid._;
contents of Gordon's letter, 107;
possesses the head of the Lar Wang, 107, 108;
frenzied state of, 108;
scene with Macartney at Quinsan, 108, 109;
his threats, 109;
his grave reflection on Macartney, 109, 110;
writes to Macartney, 111;
makes public retractation, 111;
other expressions of regret, 112;
refuses Chinese presents, _ibid._;
suspension in active command, _ibid._;
retakes the field, 113;
"the destiny of China in his hands," _ibid._;
attacks places west of Taiho Lake, 114-5;
enrolls Taepings, 115;
severely wounded, 116;
second reverse, _ibid._;
receives bad news, _ibid._;
alters his plans, _ibid._;
his force severely defeated, 117;
retrieves misfortune, _ibid._;
describes the rebellion, 118;
made Lieut.-Colonel, _ibid._;
his further successes, 119;
another reverse, _ibid._;
his final victory, 120;
what he thought he had done, _ibid._;
visits Nanking, _ibid._;
drills Chinese troops, 121;
appointed Ti-Tu and Yellow Jacket Order, 122;
his mandarin dresses, 123;
his relations with Li Hung Chang, _ibid._;
the Gold Medal, _ibid._;
his diary destroyed, 124;
returns home, _ibid._;
view of his achievements, 125-6;
a quiet six months, 128;
his excessive modesty, _ibid._;
pride in his profession, 129;
appointment at Gravesend, _ibid._;
his view of the Thames Forts, 130;
his work there, _ibid._;
his mode of living, 131;
supposed _angina pectoris_, _ibid._;
wish to join Abyssinian Expedition, 132;
described as a modern Jesus Christ, _ibid._;
his mission work, 132-3;
his boys, 133;
sends his medal to Lancashire fund, _ibid._;
his love for boys, 134;
his kings, _ibid._;
some incidents, _ibid._;
his pensioners, 135;
his coat stolen, _ibid._;
his walks, 136;
the Snake flags, _ibid._;
leaves Gravesend, _ibid._;
at Galatz, 137;
no place like England, _ibid._;
goes to Crimea, 138;
attends Napoleon's funeral, _ibid._;
casual meeting with Nubar, and its important consequences, 139-40;
"Gold and Silver Idols," 140;
appointed Governor of the Equatorial Province, 145;
reasons for it, _ibid._;
leaves Cairo, 146;
describes the "sudd," _ibid._;
his steamers, 147;
his facetiousness, _ibid._;
reaches Gondokoro, _ibid._;
his firman, _ibid._;
his staff, 148;
his energy, _ibid._;
establishes line of forts, _ibid._;
collapse of his staff, 149;
his Botany Bay, _ibid._;
his policy and justice, 150;
his poor troops, _ibid._;
organises a black corps, 151;
his sound finance, _ibid._;
deals with slave trade, 152;
incidents with slaves, _ibid._;
makes friends everywhere, 153;
his goodness a tradition, 153-4;
his character misrepresented, 154;
his line of forts, 155;
the ulterior objects of his task, _ibid._;
the control of the Nile, 156;
shrinks from notoriety, _ibid._;
describes the Lakes, 157;
the question with Uganda, 157 _et seq._;
proceeds against Kaba Rega, 158-60;
his extraordinary energy, 161;
does his own work, 161;
incident of his courage, 161-2;
views of Khedive, 163;
returns to Cairo, 163;
and home, _ibid._
Decision about Egyptian employment, ii. 1;
receives letter from Khedive, 2;
consults Duke of Cambridge, _ibid._;
returns to Cairo, _ibid._;
appointed Governor-General of the Soudan, 2-3;
appointed Muchir, or Marshal, etc., 3;
sums up his work, 4;
his first treatment of Abyssinian Question, 5-6;
his entry into Khartoum, 6;
public address, 7;
first acts of Administration, _ibid._;
proposes Slavery Regulations, 7;
receives contradictory orders on subject, 8;
his decision about them, 8-9;
disbands the Bashi-Bazouks, 9;
goes to Darfour, _ibid._;
relieves garrisons, 10-11;
enters Fascher, 11;
recalled by alarming news in his rear, _ibid._;
his camel described, _ibid._;
reaches Dara without troops, 12;
his interview with Suleiman, _ibid._;
Slatin's account of scene, 12-13;
his views on the Slave Question, 13;
follows Suleiman to Shaka, 14;
indignant letter of, 15;
his decision about capital punishment, _ibid._;
his views thereupon, 16;
some characteristic incidents, _ibid._;
what the people thought of him, _ibid._;
"Send us another Governor like Gordon," _ibid._;
his regular payments, 17;
his thoughtfulness, _ibid._;
summoned to Cairo, _ibid._;
appointed President of Financial Inquiry, 18;
his views of money, _ibid._;
acts with Lesseps, 19;
meets with foreign opposition, 20;
scene with Lesseps, 21;
scene with Major Evelyn Baring, _ibid._;
Gordon's financial proposal, 22;
last scenes with Khedive, 23;
Gordon's bold offer, _ibid._;
financial episode cost Gordon £800, 24;
his way of living, _ibid._;
leaves Cairo and visits Harrar, 25;
his finance in the Soudan, 25-6;
deals with Suleiman, 26 _et seq._;
takes the field in person, 30;
clears out Shaka, 31;
again summoned to Cairo, _ibid._;
proclaims Tewfik, _ibid._;
returns to Cairo, 32;
entrusted with mission to Abyssinia, _ibid._;
receives letter from King John, 33;
called "Sultan of the Soudan," _ibid._;
enters Abyssinia, 34;
goes to Debra Tabor, _ibid._;
interview with King John, _ibid._;
prevented returning to Soudan, 35;
his opinion of Abyssinia, _ibid._;
Khedive's neglect of, 36;
called "mad," _ibid._;
his work in the Soudan, 36-7;
goes to Switzerland, 38;
his opinion of wives, 38;
first meeting with King of the Belgians, 39;
offered Cape command, 40;
his memorandum on Eastern Question, 40-2;
accepts Private Secretaryship to Lord Ripon, 42;
regrets it, 43;
interview with Prince of Wales, _ibid._;
his letters about it, 44;
views on Indian topics, _ibid._;
sudden resignation, _ibid._;
the Yakoob Khan incident, 45-8;
invited to China, 49;
full history of that invitation, 49-50;
letter from Li Hung Chang, 49;
his telegrams to War Office, 50-1;
leaves for China, 51;
announces his intentions, 52;
what he discovered on arrival in China, 53;
ignores British Minister, _ibid._;
stays with Li Hung Chang, 55;
his reply to German Minister, 56;
his letter on Li, 57;
his advice to China, 58-61;
baffles intrigues and secures peace, 59;
further passages with War Office, 60;
on the Franco-Chinese war, 61, 62;
on the Opium Question, 63-4;
arrives at Aden, 65;
his Central African letters, _ibid._;
visits Ireland, 65-6;
letter on Irish Question in _Times_, 66-7;
letter on Candahar, 68-70;
opinion of Abyssinians, 70;
his article on irregular warfare, 70-1;
offers Cape Government his services for Basutoland, 71;
takes Sir Howard Elphinstone's place in the Mauritius, 72;
his work there, 72-3;
views of England's power, 73;
views on coaling stations, _ibid._;
visits Seychelles, 74;
views on Malta and Mediterranean, 74-5;
attains rank of Major-General, 75;
summoned to the Cape, _ibid._;
leaves in a sailing ship, 76;
financial arrangement with Cape Government, _ibid._;
his pecuniary loss by Cape employment, _ibid._;
his memorandum on Basutoland, 77-9;
accepts temporarily post of Commandant-General, 80;
drafts a Basuto Convention, 80-1;
requested by Mr Sauer to go to Basutoland, 82;
relations with Masupha, _ibid._;
visits Masupha, 83;
betrayed by Sauer, _ibid._;
peril of, _ibid._;
his account of the affair, 84-5;
memorandum on the Native Question, 85-7;
his project of military reform, 88;
his resignation of Cape command, _ibid._;
corresponds with King of the Belgians, 89;
goes to the Holy Land, _ibid._;
his view of Russian Convent at Jerusalem, 90;
advocates Palestine Canal, 90-1;
summoned to Belgium, 91;
telegraphs for leave, 92;
the mistake in the telegram, _ibid._;
decides to retire, _ibid._;
King Leopold's arrangement, _ibid._;
his plans on the Congo, 93-4;
public opinion aroused by his Soudan policy, 93-5;
visit to War Office, 94;
makes his will, _ibid._;
goes to Brussels, _ibid._;
Soudan not the Congo, 95;
leaves Charing Cross, 95;
final letters to his sister, 95-6;
interview with ministers, 96;
loses clothes and orders, _ibid._;
his predictions about the Soudan, 97-8;
the task imposed on him, 106;
why he accepted it, 106-7;
memorandum on Egyptian affairs, 107-9;
opinions on Hicks's Expedition, 109;
on English policy, 110;
on the Mahdi, _ibid._;
his interview with Mr Stead of _Pall Mall Gazette_, 111-5;
his eagerness to go to the Soudan, 115;
suggestions by the Press of his fitness for the post, 116-7;
"generally considered to be mad," 117;
Sir Charles Dilke puts his name forward, _ibid._;
Lord Granville's despatch, _ibid._;
Lord Cromer opposes his appointment, 118, _et seq._;
consequences of that opposition, and the delay it caused, 118-21;
the arrangement with King Leopold, 121;
went to Soudan at request of Government, 122;
his departure, _ibid._;
his instructions, 123-4;
doubts about them, 124;
his views about Zebehr, 124 _et seq._;
suggests his being sent to Cyprus, 125;
change in his route, _ibid._;
goes to Cairo, _ibid._;
changed view towards Zebehr, 126;
his memorandum on their relations, 126-8;
wishes to take him, 128;
a "mystic feeling," _ibid._;
interview with Zebehr, _ibid._;
final demands for Zebehr, 129-30;
leaves Cairo, 133;
the task before him, 134-5;
hastens to Khartoum, 136;
reception by inhabitants, _ibid._;
his first steps of defence, _ibid._;
his conclusion that "Mahdi must be smashed up," 137;
his demands, 138;
on our "dog in the manger" policy, 139;
"caught in Khartoum," _ibid._;
appeal to philanthropists, _ibid._;
"you will eventually be forced to smash up the Mahdi," 140;
his lost diary, 141;
his first fight, _ibid._;
bad conduct of his troops, 141-2;
lays down three lines of mines, 142;
his steamers, _ibid._;
their value, _ibid._;
force at his disposal, _ibid._;
loses a steamer, 143;
sends down 2600 refugees, _ibid._;
his care for them, 143-4;
Soudan Question _must_ be
settled by November, 144;
sends down _Abbas_, 145;
full history of that incident, 144-6;
left alone at Khartoum, 146;
sends away his steamers to help the Expedition, 146-7;
hampered by indecision of Government, 147;
his telegrams never published, _ibid._;
position at Khartoum, _ibid._;
his point of observation, 148;
cut off from Omdurman, _ibid._;
anxiety for his steamers, 149;
"To-day I expected one of the Expedition here," _ibid._;
the confidence felt in Gordon, _ibid._;
his defiance of the Mahdi, 150;
his position, 150-1;
his last Journal, 151;
views on Soudan Question, 152-3;
his relations with the Government, 152-6;
effect of silence from Khartoum, 156;
his view of the Relief Expedition, 159;
his shrewdness, _ibid._;
his last messages, 160;
situation desperate, _ibid._;
"the town may fall in ten days," 165;
"quite happy, and, like Lawrence, have tried to do my duty,"
_ibid._;
"spilt milk," _ibid._;
his last message of all, 168;
death of, 169;
details supplied by Slatin, 169-70;
a great national loss, 173;
his example, 173.
Gordon, David, i. 2.
Gordon, General Enderby, i. 8, 9.
Gordon, Fred, i. 5, 138.
Gordon, Sir Henry W., i. 4-6, 8-10, 60, 102, 134; ii. 19, 43, 91,
92, 95, 132.
Gordon, Miss Mary Augusta, i. 10; ii. 130;
correspondence with Zebehr, 130-2, 143.
Gordon, General Peter, i. 2.
Gordon, William Augustus, i. 3.
Gordon, William Augustus, junior, i. 5.
Gordon, Mrs, mother of Charles Gordon, i. 127, 128;
death of, 138.
Gordon, William Henry, Lieut.-General, i. 3, 4.
Gordon, Sir William, i. 131.
Gordon, Sir William, of Park, i. 2.
Goschen, Mr, ii. 19, 23.
Graham, Sir G., i. 12, 13, 22, 24, 25; ii. 125, 128, 129, 153,
156, 165.
Grand Canal, the, i. 69.
Grant, Colonel, ii. 51.
Granville, Earl, ii. 96, 117-123, 155.
Gravesend, i. 129, 132, 136.
Gresswell, Mr, ii. 83.
Griffin, Sir Lepel, ii. 45.
Gubat, _see_ Abou Kru, ii. 164.
Gura, ii. 34.
Gura plateau, ii. 5.
Guyon, General, i. 34.
Hake, Mr Egmont, revives Gordon's retracted libel on Sir Halliday
Macartney, 109.
Halfiyeh, ii. 141, 167.
Hamaçem, ii. 5.
Hangchow, i. 116.
Hankow, i. 68, 69.
Hanyang, i. 68.
Harcourt, Sir W., ii. 40.
Harrar, ii. 25.
Haroun Sultan, ii. 10, 32.
Hart, Sir Robert, i. 113; ii. 49, 54, 55.
Hartington, Marquis of, ii. 96.
_See_ Devonshire.
Hassan Helmi, ii. 11.
Havelock, reference to, ii. 161, 172.
Heang Yung, i. 71.
Hensall, M., ii. 145.
Herbin, M., ii. 144-46.
Hicks, Colonel, ii. 102, 103, 109.
Hienfung, Emperor, i. 47.
Hill, Dr Birkbeck, ii. 11, 47, 65.
Holland, Capt., i. 57-60.
Holy Land, the, ii. 89-91.
Hoo Wang, i. 74, 119.
Hoonan, i. 67, 68.
Hope, Admiral, i. 45, 49, 57.
Hukumdaria, the, ii. 136.
Hung-tsiuen, i. 62,
_see_ Tien Wang.
Huntly family, the, i. 2, 3.
_Husseinyeh_, ii. 148, 149.
Hwaiking, i. 69.
Hwangho, the, i. 69.
_Hyson_, steamer, i. 81, 83-87, 90-92, 94, 95.
Ibrahim Pasha, i. 141.
Idris Ebter, ii. 128.
Inkerman, i. 16-7.
Ireland, ii. 65-8.
Ismail, Khedive, i. 106, 140;
his alarm, 143-4;
why he appointed Gordon, 145-7, ii. 1-3, 17, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23,
24, 31;
Gordon's opinion of, 114, and _passim_.
Ismail Yakoob Pasha, ii. 144, 146-8.
_Ismailia_, steamer, ii. 99, 148-9.
Jaalin tribe, ii. 164.
Jaffa, ii. 89.
Jakdul, ii. 161-3;
splendid force at, 163, 172.
James, Sir H., i. 32.
Jebel Gedir, ii. 100.
Jebel Masa, ii. 100.
Jefferies, Mr, i. 4.
Jerusalem, ii. 89.
John, King of Abyssinia, ii. 5-6, 32, 33-4.
Jones, Captain, i. 92.
Jones, Sir Harry, i. 31.
Joubert, M., ii. 19.
Journal, the, ii. 165.
Kaba Rega, i. 155, 157-9, 162.
Kabbabish tribe, the, ii. 104.
Kachiaou, i. 56.
Kahding, i. 50-2.
Kahpoo, i. 91.
Kaifong, i. 69.
_Kajow_, the, i. 90-2, 94.
Kalgan, i. 48.
Kanghi, i. 122.
Kars, i. 34, 36.
Kassala, ii. 105, 134, 151.
Katamori, i. 32.
Kawa, i. 98.
Kemp, Mr, i. 148.
Kemp Terrace, i. 1.
Khalifa Abdullah, ii. 169.
Khartoum, advantageous position of, i. 141-2; ii. 6, 101-3, 105;
panic at, ii. 119;
position at, ii. 134-5;
scene at, ii. 136;
distance from Cairo, ii. 136, 140;
position of, 147-8;
the only relieving force to, ii. 150;
anxiety in England about, ii. 156.
Kherson, i. 28.
Kimberley, Earl of, ii. 75, 80-1.
Kimburn, i. 28.
King William's Town, ii. 82.
Kinglake, i. 9, 20, 22, 24;
opinion of Gordon, i. 25.
Kintang, i. 115-6.
Kirkham, Major, i. 94.
Kitchener, Sir H., Gordon's opinion of, ii. 158;
his suggestion, _ibid._
Kiukiang, i. 68-9.
Kolkol, ii. 11.
Kongyin, i. 116-8.
Kordofan, i. 99, 102.
Korosko Desert, i. 154; ii. 143, 155.
Korti, ii. 158, 161-3.
Kuldja, ii. 50.
Kung Prince, i. 123.
Kurds, the, i. 36.
Kuyukdere, i. 34, 36.
Kweiling, i. 66.
Laguerre, Admiral, i. 72.
Laing, Mr Samuel, ii. 22.
Lar Wang, i. 98-9-100-2, 105, 108.
Lardo, i. 155.
Lausanne, ii. 38-39.
Lazes, the, i. 37.
Leeku, i. 97.
Leopard tribe, ii. 11.
Leopold, King of the Belgians, ii. 39, 89, 91, 92;
agrees to compensate Gordon, _ibid._; 93-95, 121.
Lerothodi, ii. 77, 83-85.
Lesseps, M. de, ii. 19-23.
Letsea, ii. 77, 82, 83, 85.
Li Hung Chang, i. 57, 58;
admires Gordon, 80;
reconnoitres Quinsan, 84;
opposes Burgevine, 89;
relations with Macartney, 89, 90;
energy of, 95;
statement about Gordon, 99;
withholds pay, 100;
protected by Gordon, _ibid._;
seeks shelter in Macartney's camp, 106;
exonerates Gordon, 107;
sends Macartney as envoy to Quinsan, 107;
gives a breakfast to Gordon and Macartney, 111;
summons Gordon to return, 116;
solicitude for Gordon, _ibid._;
supports Gordon, 119;
lays wreath on Gordon's monument, 123; ii. 50, 53-59, 61, 63.
Lilley, Mr W. E., i. 13, 135.
Limming Pass, i. 70.
Linant, M., i. 147, 150.
Liprandi, General, i. 17.
Livadia, ii. 50.
Liyang, i. 114-116, 119.
Long, Colonel, i. 147, 157.
Loring, Colonel, ii. 5, 6.
Low Mun, the, i. 97, 98.
Lucknow Residency, resemblance between its siege and Khartoum,
ii. 161, 172.
Lupton Bey, ii. 105.
Lytton, Lord, ii. 45.
Macartney, Sir Halliday: sent to Gordon on a mission, i. 88-9;
his work described by Gordon, 89-90;
with Gordon on the wall of Soochow, 101;
scene there, 103;
requested by Gordon to go to Lar Wang's palace, _ibid._;
his earlier relation with Gordon, 104;
offered and accepts succession to command of army, 104-5;
what he learnt at the palace, 105;
tries to find Gordon, 106;
and Li Hung Chang, _ibid._;
discovers latter in his own camp, _ibid._;
declines to translate Gordon's letter, _ibid._;
sent to Quinsan by Li, 107;
Gordon shows him the head of Lar Wang, _ibid._;
scene at the breakfast-table, 108;
his advice, 108-9;
hastens back to Soochow, 109;
Gordon's libel on, 110;
explains facts to Sir Harry Parkes and Sir F. Bruce, 110-11;
receives letter from Gordon, 111;
Gordon's public apology and retractation, 111-12;
a full _amende_, 112;
happy termination of incident, 113; ii. 43.
Mackinnon, Sir W., ii. 65, 89, 91, 92.
Macmahon, Marshal, ii. 137.
Magungo, i. 156, 157.
Mahdi, the (or Mahomed Ahmed), ii. 98;
his first appearance, _ibid._;
defies Egyptian Government, 99;
meaning of name, _ibid._;
his first victory, 100;
defeats Rashed, _ibid._;
further victories, 101;
captures El Obeid, 102;
annihilates Hicks's expedition, 104;
height of his power, 105;
basis of his influence, 105-6;
Zebehr on, 130, 135;
salaams Gordon, 136;
basis of his power, 137;
learns of loss of _Abbas_, 146;
arrives before Khartoum, 149;
knowledge as to state of Khartoum, 150;
exaggerated fear of, 161;
aroused by Stewart's advance, 163;
sends his best warriors to Bayuda, 164;
captures Khartoum, 167;
mode of that capture, 169.
Mahe, i. 74.
Mahmoud Khalifa, ii. 162.
Maida, i. 3.
Maiwand, ii. 45, 68.
Majuba Hill, ii. 70.
Malakoff, the, i. 21-23, 26.
Malta, ii. 74.
Mamelon, the, i. 21, 22.
Mansourah, ii. 147.
Markham, Mr, i. 80.
Marseilles, i. 14, 15.
Masindi, i. 157, 159.
Massowah, ii. 25, 32-35.
Masupha, ii. 77, 80, 82;
character of, 83, 85-89.
Mauritius, the, ii. 72-75.
Mediterranean, the, ii. 74.
Medjidieh Order, i. 160; ii. 3.
Mehemet Ali, conquers Soudan, i. 141, 154.
Menelik, ii. 6, 32.
Merowe, ii. 160.
Merriman, Mr, ii. 84, 85, 87, 88.
Metemmah, ii. 17, 161-166;
delay at, 166-7.
Moffitt, Dr Andrew, i. 10.
Moffitt, Mrs, i. 10.
Molappo, i. 77, 82.
Mombasa, i. 155.
Monding, i. 94.
Mow Wang, i. 75, 90, 93, 98-100.
Mrooli, i. 158.
Mtesa, i. 155, 157-60, 162.
Muchir or Marshal, ii. 3.
Munzinger Bey, ii. 5.
Murchison Falls, i. 157.
Najao, i. 51.
Nanking, i. 49, 58, 68, 69, 72, 76, 120;
capture of, 121.
Nanning, i. 64.
Napier of Magdala, Lord, i. 132.
Naval Brigade, the, ii. 164.
Negus, the, ii. 32.
Nelson, references to, ii. 162, 172.
_New York Herald_, ii. 62.
Niam Niam, i. 151.
Nile, the, ii. 142;
"not a bad Nile," 157.
_Nineteenth Century, The_, i. 14; ii. 129.
Ningpo, i. 74, 81.
Northbrook, Earl of, ii. 96, 132.
_North China Herald_, the, i. 111.
North Fort, the, ii. 147.
Nubar Pasha, i. 139, 140, 145; ii. 109, 120, 128, 139.
Nuehr Agha, i. 158, 159.
O'Donovan, Edmond, ii. 102.
Omdurman, i. 141; ii. 102, 103, 136;
fort of, 147-8;
isolated, 149;
capture of, 149, 150, 163, 164;
scene at, 169;
date of fall, 166.
Opium, ii. 63, 64.
Orpen, Mr, ii. 80, 84, 85.
Osman Bey, i. 35.
Osman Digma, ii. 103, 105, 136, 139, 156.
Outram, reference to, ii. 161, 172.
Palestine Canal, the, ii. 90, 91.
_Pall Mall Gazette_, the, ii. 111, 120, 124.
Paoting-fu, i. 49.
Parkes, Sir H., i. 110.
Paskievitch, i. 34.
Patachiaou, i. 91, 93.
Pattison, Mr A., ii. 83.
Peking, ii. 46, 47, 56, 70.
Pelissier, General, i. 20, 22, 25.
Pelissier, Colonel, i. 34.
Pembroke Dock, i. 8, 14.
Perry, Capt., i. 99.
Pitso, A., ii. 79.
Power, Mr Frank, ii. 134, 135, 137, 144;
leaves on _Abbas_, _ibid._;
death of, 145-6.
Prestonpans, i. 2.
Protet, Admiral, i. 50, 52.
Quarries, the, i. 21.
Quinsan, i. 78, 81, 82-88, 90, 107, 108.
Rabi, ii. 29, 32.
Raglan, Lord, i. 22, 23, 25.
Ragouf Pasha, i. 147.
Raouf Bey, i. 149.
Raouf Pasha, ii. 25, 98-100.
Ras Alula, ii. 33, 34.
Ras Arya, ii. 34.
Rashed Bey, ii. 100.
Ratib Pasha, ii. 5, 6.
Redan, the, i. 21-2;
attack on, 22-4;
second attack, 26-7.
Redout, Kaleh, i. 41.
Revenue, the, of Soudan, ii. 25-26.
Riaz Pasha, ii. 108.
Rionga, i. 157-158.
Ripon, Marquis of, ii. 42-44, 47-49, 68.
Rivers Wilson, Mr, now Sir Charles, ii. 19, 107.
Roberts, Lord, ii. 68.
Robinson, Sir Hercules, ii. 75, 87.
Rockstone Place, i. 127.
Rogers, Mr, i. 4.
Russia, i. 54-55, 62.
Russian Army, Gordon's opinion of, i. 28.
Russian Convent at Jerusalem, ii. 90.
Said Pasha, ii. 102.
San Diego, ii. 74.
San Tajin, i. 81-82, 95-97, 113, 116.
Sankolinsin, i. 70.
_Santals_, the, ii. 147-148.
_Saphia_, ii. 147.
Saubat, i. 148.
Sauer, Mr, ii. 82;
betrays Gordon, 83;
his treachery, _ibid._;
his misrepresentation, 84-85.
Scanlan, Mr T., ii. 81-82, 88.
Schweinfurth, Dr, i. 142-143, 156.
Scotia, ii. 76.
Sebastopol, i. 16-17, 28-30.
Sennaar, ii. 134, 151.
Seton, Sir Bruce, ii. 43.
Seward, Mr, i. 93.
Seychelles, ii. 72, 74.
Shabloka, ii. 167.
Shaka, ii. 12, 14, 27, 31.
Shanghai, i. 49-50-55;
Triad rising at, i. 72;
loss of Chinese city, i. 73.
Shekan, ii. 104.
Shendy, ii. 17, 143, 145-147, 158.
Shereef Said Hakim, ii. 6.
Siaon Edin, i. 85-86.
Simmons, Sir Lintorn, i. 33, 41.
Siuen-hoa, i. 48.
Slatin Pasha, i. 162; ii. 12-13, 16, 104-105, 166, 168-169;
his epitaph on Gordon, ii. 170.
Slave Trade, i. 148-149, 152-153;
proposed regulations, ii. 7;
Convention, ii. 8.
Smith, Sir Harry, ii. 86.
Snake flags, the, i. 136.
Soady, Captain, i. 5.
Soochow, i. 74-75, 78, 84-87, 91, 94-98, 100-102.
Souakim, i. 146; ii. 25, 153.
Soudan, meaning of name, i. 141;
easily conquered, i. 142;
slave trade in, _ibid._;
situation in, ii. 97;
the, Gordon's views on, ii. 111, _et seq._ _passim_;
people of, ii. 114.
Southampton, i. 127;
the home at, ii. 93.
Speke, Captain, i. 142.
Stanley, Mr H. M., ii. 93.
Stannard, Mr Arthur, i. 14, 129-130.
Stanton, Colonel, i. 32-33; ii. 21.
Staveley, Sir Charles, i. 19, 50-52, 54, 56, 58-60, 78, 132.
Stead, Mr W. T., ii. 111.
Steamers, the penny, ii. 142;
bullet marks on, ii. 143, 147, 151.
Stewart, Colonel Donald, ii. 122, 125, 137, 141, 144;
leaves on _Abbas_, _ibid._;
fate of, ii. 144-146;
should not have left Gordon, ii. 146.
Stewart, Sir Herbert, ii. 162;
trammelled by his instructions, _ibid._;
returns to Jakdul, 163;
wounded, 164;
death of, 165;
his intention, 166.
Stokes, Colonel, ii. 19.
Strangeways, General, i. 9.
"Sudd," the, i. 146.
Suders, General, i. 31.
Suleiman, Zebehr's son, ii. 10-14, 25-29;
execution of, ii. 30; ii. 126-128.
Sulina, i. 137.
Sultan, proposal to surrender Soudan to the, ii. 119, 121.
Sultan Idris, ii. 29.
Summer Palace at Peking, i. 45-46.
Sungkiang, i. 54-55, 60, 78-80, 83, 88, 90, 121.
Sussex Regiment, the, ii. 164.
Ta Edin, i. 85, 91.
Taeping, meaning of name, i. 65.
Taepings, the, i. 50, 53-54, 59 (_see_ Chapter IV.);
capture Nanking, i. 68;
march on Peking, i. 69-70;
their military strength, i. 75;
and the missionaries, i. 76.
Taiho Lake, i. 95, 101-102, 113.
Taitong, i. 48.
Taitsan, i. 52, 59, 80-83.
Taiyuen, i. 49.
Takee, i. 54, 56-58.
Taku Forts, i. 45, 47; ii. 59.
_Talataween_, ii. 147, 167.
Tamanieb, ii. 156.
Taoukwang, i. 61.
Tapp, Colonel, i. 119.
Taunton, i. 4.
Tayan, i. 119.
Tchad, Lake, ii. 10.
Tchernaya, i. 17, 26.
Teb, ii. 156.
Tewfik Pasha (Khedive), ii. 31-32, 36, 106-109, 118, 125, 139.
Thaba Bosigo, ii. 77.
Thames Forts, i. 129-130.
Theodore, ii. 33.
Tientsin, i. 45-47, 70.
Tien Wang, i. 49, 62, 65;
occupies Nanking, i. 68;
retires into his palace, i. 71-72;
death of, i. 120-121.
_Times, The_, i. 124; ii. 40, 66, 68, 92, 94, 110, 116-117, 134.
Ti-Tu, i. 122.
Todleben, General, i. 17.
Tokar, ii. 105, 136.
Transkei, the, ii. 77.
Travers, Colonel John, i. 6.
Trebizonde, i. 34.
Triads, the, i. 61, 66.
Tseedong, i. 56.
Tseki, i. 57.
Tseng Marquis, ii. 59.
Tseng Kwofan, i. 67-68, 72-73, 120.
Tseng Kwotsiuen, i. 74.
Tsing, i. 70.
Tsinghai, i. 70.
Tsingpu, i. 50-52, 54-55, 57.
Tsipu, i. 50.
Tung Wang, i. 71.
Tunting, i. 67.
Tuti Island, ii. 147, 167.
Uganda, i. 155, 159.
Unyoro, i. 155, 157.
Victoria Lake, i. 155-156.
Vivian, Mr (afterwards Lord), ii. 1-2, 20, 38.
Vivian, Mrs, ii. 39.
Wadelai, i. 155.
Wade, Sir Thomas, ii. 53-55.
Wady Halfa, i. 144; ii. 138-139, 154, 159, 161.
Waiquaidong, i. 85-86, 95.
Waisso, i. 117, 119.
Walad el Michael, ii. 5, 6, 33.
Wales, Prince of, ii. 43.
Wales, Princess of, ii. 43.
Wall, the Great, i. 47-9.
Wangchi, i. 101.
Wangs, the, i. 65.
Wangs, execution of, i. 102.
Wanti, i. 95.
War Office, ii. 92, 93 _passim_.
Ward, i. 54-57.
Watson, Colonel Charles, i. 148; ii. 96, 128-30, 165.
Watson, Mrs, ii. 96, 165.
Willes, Capt., i. 51, 52.
Wilson, Sir Charles, succeeds to the command, ii. 165;
his book "Korti to Khartoum," _ibid._;
not to be made a scapegoat, 166;
the letter in his charge, _ibid._;
sails for Khartoum, 167;
under hot fire, _ibid._;
wrecked, _ibid._;
rescued by Lord C. Beresford, _ibid._;
the letter in his charge, _ibid._;
comparatively small measure of his responsibility, 172.
Wittgenstein, Prince F. von, i. 102.
Wokong, i. 94.
Wolseley, Lord, ii. 95, 96, 121, 125, 138;
receives message from Gordon, 151;
his letter of 24th July, 157;
largely responsible for Khartoum mission, _ibid._;
his address to the soldiers, 158;
his view of the expedition, 159;
receives full news of Gordon's desperate situation, 160;
his grand and deliberate plan, 161;
perfect but for--Time, _ibid._;
will risk nothing, 162;
his instructions to Sir Herbert Stewart, _ibid._;
sole responsibility of, 171;
ties Stewart's hands, _ibid._;
the real person responsible for death of Gordon and failure of
expedition, 172.
Wongepoo, i. 57.
Wongkadza, i. 50, 56.
Wood, Sir Evelyn, ii. 125.
Woolwich Common, i. 1.
Wouchang, i. 68.
Wou Sankwei, i. 67, 122.
Wuliungchow, i. 94, 95.
Wurantai, i. 64, 66.
Wusieh, i. 94, 95, 113, 116.
Yakoob Khan, ii. 44-49, 68.
Yalpukh, i. 32.
Yangchow, i. 69.
Yellow Jacket Order, its origin, i. 122.
Yesing, i. 114, 115.
Yungan, i. 66.
Yusuf Pasha, ii. 101.
Zanzibar, ii. 65.
Zebehr Rahama, i. 143, 144; ii. 10, 13, 32, 98, 101, 105, 110, 111,
118, 119, 124-26;
interview with Gordon, 128-29;
doubts as to his real attitude, 129-30;
letters to Miss Gordon, 130-32;
to Sir Henry Gordon, 132;
his power, 133.
Zeila, ii. 25.
Zouaves, the, i. 20.
* * * * *
[Transcriber's Notes:
The transcriber made the following changes to the text to
correct obvious errors:
1. p. 110, Madhi's --> Mahdi's
2. p. 137, opinons -->opinions
3. p. 142, trooops --> troops
4. p. 144, beween --> between
5. p. 149, Thoughout --> Throughout
6. p. 153, Madhi --> Mahdi
7. p. 166, Madhi --> Mahdi
8. p. 175, Burnaby, ... i. 164. --> Burnaby, ... ii. 164.
9. p. 178, returns to Cairo, 164; --> returns to Cairo, 163;
10. p. 180, Hicks, Colonel, 102 --> Hicks, Colonel, ii. 102
11. p. 182, Outram, ... i. 161, 172. --> Outram, ... ii. 161, 172.
12. p. 183, Suleiman ... 25-19 --> Suleiman ... 25-29
End of Transcriber's Notes]