=Zona=, a town of Africa. _Dio Cassius_, bk. 48.――――Of Thrace, on the
Ægean sea, where the woods are said to have followed the strains of
Orpheus. _Mela_, bk. 2, ch. 2.――_Herodotus._
=Zonăras=, one of the Byzantine historians, whose Greek Annals were
edited, 2 vols., folio, Paris, 1686.
=Zopy̆rio=, one of Alexander’s officers left in Greece when the
conqueror was in Asia, &c. _Curtius_, bk. 10, ch. 1.
=Zopy̆rion=, a governor of Pontus, who made war against Scythia, &c.
_Justin_, bk. 2, ch. 3.
=Zopy̆rus=, a Persian, son of Megabyzus, who, to show his attachment
to Darius the son of Hystaspes, while he besieged Babylon, cut
off his ears and nose, and fled to the enemy, telling them that he
had received such a treatment from his royal master because he had
advised him to raise the siege, as the city was impregnable. This
was credited by the Babylonians, and Zopyrus was appointed commander
of all their forces. When he had totally gained their confidence,
he betrayed the city into the hands of Darius, for which he was
liberally rewarded. The regard of Darius for Zopyrus could never be
more strongly expressed than in what he used often to say, that he
had rather have Zopyrus not mutilated than 20 Babylons. _Herodotus_,
bk. 3, ch. 154, &c.――_Plutarch_, _Regum et imperatorum apophthegmata_,
ch. 3.――_Justin_, bk. 1, ch. 10.――――An orator of Clazomenæ.
_Quintilian_, bk. 3, ch. 6.――――A physician in the age of Mithridates.
He gave the monarch a description of an antidote which would prevail
against all sorts of poisons. The experiment was tried upon criminals,
and succeeded.――――A physician in the age of Plutarch.――――An officer
of Argos, who cut off the head of Pyrrhus. _Plutarch._――――A man
appointed master of Alcibiades, by Pericles. _Plutarch._――――A
physiognomist. _Cicero_, _de Fato_, ch. 5.――――A rhetorician of
Colophon. _Diogenes Laërtius._
=Zoroanda=, a part of Taurus between Mesopotamia and Armenia, near
which the Tigris flows. _Pliny_, bk. 6, ch. 27.
=Zoroaster=, a king of Bactria, supposed to have lived in the age of
Ninus king of Assyria, some time before the Trojan war. According to
Justin, he first invented magic, or the doctrines of the Magi, and
rendered himself known by his deep and acute researches in philosophy,
the origin of the world, and the study of astronomy. He was respected
by his subjects and contemporaries for his abilities as a monarch,
a lawgiver, and a philosopher, and though many of his doctrines are
puerile and ridiculous, yet his followers are still found in numbers
in the wilds of Persia, and the extensive provinces of India. Like
Pythagoras, Zoroaster admitted no visible object of devotion except
fire, which he considered as the most proper emblem of a supreme
being; which doctrines seem to have been preserved by Numa, in
the worship and ceremonies which he instituted in honour of Vesta.
According to some of the moderns, the doctrines, the laws, and
regulations of this celebrated Bactrian are still extant, and they
have been lately introduced in Europe in a French translation by
Marcus Anquetil. The age of Zoroaster is so little known that many
speak of two, three, four, and even six lawgivers of that name. Some
authors, who support that two persons only of this name flourished,
describe the first as an astronomer living in Babylon, 2459 years
B.C., whilst the era of the other, who is supposed to have been
a native of Persia, and the restorer of the religion of the Magi,
is fixed 589, and by some 519 years B.C. _Justin_, bk. 1, ch. 1.
――_Augustine_, _City of God_, bk. 21, ch. 14.――_Orosius_, bk. 1.
――_Pliny_, bk. 7, ch. 10; bk. 30, ch. 1.
=Zosĭmus=, an officer in the reign of Theodosius the younger, about
the year 410 of the christian era. He wrote the history of the Roman
emperors in Greek, from the age of Augustus to the beginning of the
fifth century, of which only the five first books, and the beginning
of the sixth, are extant. In the first of those he is very succinct
in his account from the time of Augustus to the reign of Diocletian,
but in the succeeding he becomes more diffuse and interesting. His
composition is written with elegance, but not much fidelity, and the
author showed his malevolence against the christians in his history
of Constantine, and some of his successors. The best editions of
Zosimus are that of Celarius, 8vo. Jenæ, 1728, and that of Reiemier,
8vo, Lipscomb, 1784.
=Zosine=, the wife of king Tigranes, led in triumph by Pompey.
_Plutarch._
=Zoster=, a town, harbour, and promontory of Attica. _Cicero_, _Letters
to Atticus_, bk. 5, ltr. 12.
=Zosteria=, a surname of Minerva. She had two statues under that name
in the city of Thebes, in Bœotia. The word signified girt, or armed
for battle, words synonymous among the ancients. _Pausanias_, bk. 9,
ch. 17.――_Homer_, _Iliad_, bk. 2, li. 478; bk. 11, li. 15.
=Zotale=, a place near Antiochia in Margiana, where the Margus was
divided into small streams. _Pliny_, bk. 6, ch. 16.
=Zothraustes=, a lawgiver among the Arimaspi. _Diodorus._
=Zuchis=, a lake to the east of the Syrtis Minor, with a town of the
same name, famous for a purple dye, and salt-fish. _Strabo_, bk. 17.
=Zygantes=, a people of Africa.
=Zygia=, a surname of Juno, because she presided over marriage (_a_
ζευγνυμι _jungo_). She is the same as the _Pronuba_ of the Latins.
_Pindar._――_Pollux_, bk. 3, ch. 3.
=Zygii=, a savage nation at the north of Colchis. _Strabo_, bk. 11.
=Zygopŏlis=, a town of Cappadocia, on the borders of Colchis. _Strabo_,
bk. 12.
=Zygrītæ=, a nation of Libya.
APPENDIX OF TABLES
GRECIAN MEASURES OF LENGTH REDUCED TO
English
paces. ft. in. dec.
_Dactylus_ or _Digit_ 0 0 0 7554¹¹⁄₁₆
4 _Doron_ 0 0 3 0218¾
10 2½ _Lichas_ 0 0 4 5546⅞
11 2¾ 1¹⁄₁₀ _Orthodoron_ 0 0 8 3101⁹⁄₁₆
12 3 1⅕ 1¹⁄₁₁ _Spithame_ 0 0 9 0656¼
16 4 1⅗ 5¹⁄₁₁ 1⅓ _Foot_ 0 1 0 0875
18 4½ 1⅘ 1⁷⁄₁₁ 1½ 1⅛ _Cubit_ (πυγμη) 0 1 1 5984⅜
20 5 2 1⁹⁄₁₁ 1⅔ 1¼ 1½ _Pygon_ 0 1 3 1093⅜
24 6 2⅖ 2²⁄₁₁ 2 1½ 1⅓ 1⅕ _Larger Cubit_ (πηχυς) 0 1 6 13125
96 24 9⅖ 8⁸⁄₁₁ 8 6 5⅓ 4⅕ 4 _Pace_ (οργυια) 0 6 0 525
9600 2400 960 872⁸⁄₁₁ 800 600 533½ 480 400 100 _Stadium_ 100 4 4 5
76800 19200 7680 6981⁹⁄₁₁ 6400 4800 4266⅔ 3840 3200 800 8 _Milion_ 805 5 0 0
ROMAN MEASURES OF LENGTH REDUCED TO
English
paces. ft. in. dec.
_Digitus transversus_ 0 0 0 725¼
1⅓ _Unica_ 0 0 0 967
4 3 _Palmus minor_ 0 0 2 901
16 12 4 _Pes_ 0 0 11 604
20 15 5 1¼ _Palmpipes_ 0 1 2 505
24 18 6 1½ 1⅕ _Cubitus_ 0 1 5 406
40 30 10 2½ 2 1 _Gradus_ 0 2 5 01
80 60 20 5 4 3⅓ 2 _Passus_ 0 4 10 02
10000 7500 2500 625 500 416⅔ 250 125 _Stadium_ 120 4 4 5
80000 60000 20000 5000 4000 3333⅓ 2000 1000 8 _Milliare_ 967 0 0 0
The Grecian square measures were the _plethron_, or acre, containing
1444, as some say, or as others report, 10,000 square feet; the
_aroura_, which was half the _plethron_. The _aroura_ of the
Egyptians was the square of 100 cubits.
The Roman square measure was the _jugerum_, which, like their _libra_
and their _as_, was divided into twelve parts called _unciæ_, as the
following table shows:――
Square English Square Square
Unciæ. feet. Scruples. roods. poles. feet.
1 _As_ or 12 28800 288 2 18 250,05
¹¹⁄₁₂ _Deunx_ 11 26400 264 2 10 183,85
⅚ _Dextans_ 10 24000 240 2 2 117,64
¾ _Dodrans_ 9 21600 216 1 34 51,42
⅔ _Bes_ 8 19200 192 1 25 257,46
⁷⁄₁₂ _Septunx_ 7 16800 168 1 17 191,25
½ _Semis_ 6 14400 144 1 9 125,03
⁵⁄₁₂ _Quincunx_ 5 12000 120 1 1 58,82
⅓ _Triens_ 4 9600 96 0 32 264,85
¼ _Quadrans_ 3 7200 72 0 24 198,64
⅙ _Sextans_ 2 4800 48 0 16 132,43
¹⁄₁₂ _Uncia_ 1 2400 24 0 8 66,21
N.B. The _Actus Major_ was 14,400 square feet, equal to a _Semis_.
The _Clima_ was 3600 square feet, equal to a _sescuncia_, or
an _uncia_ and a half, and the _actus minimus_ was equal to a
_sextans_.
The Roman _as_ or _æs_ was called so because it was made of brass.
ATTIC MEASURES OF CAPACITY FOR THINGS LIQUID,
REDUCED TO THE ENGLISH WINE MEASURE.
sol.
gals. pts. in. dec.
_Cochlearion_ 0 ¹⁄₁₂₀ 0 0356⁵⁄₁₂
2 _Cheme_ 0 ¹⁄₆₀ 0 0712⅝
2½ 1¼ _Mystron_ 0 ¹⁄₄₈ 0 089¹¹⁄₄₈
5 2½ 2 _Conche_ 0 ¹⁄₂₄ 0 178¹¹⁄₂₄
10 5 4 2 _Cyathus_ 0 ¹⁄₁₂ 0 356¹¹⁄₁₂
15 7½ 6 3 1½ _Oxybaphon_ 0 ⅛ 0 335⅜
60 30 24 12 6 4 _Cotyle_ 0 ½ 2 141½
120 60 48 24 12 8 2 _Xestes_ 0 1 4 283
720 360 388 144 72 48 12 6 _Chous_ 0 6 25 698
8640 4320 3456 1728 864 576 144 72 12 _Metretes_ 10 2 19 626
ROMAN MEASURES OF CAPACITY FOR THINGS LIQUID,
REDUCED TO ENGLISH WINE MEASURE.
sol.
gals. pts. in. dec.
_Ligula_ 0 ¹⁄₄₈ 0 117⁶⁄₁₂
4 _Cyathus_ 0 ¹⁄₁₂ 0 469⅔
6 1½ _Acetabulum_ 0 ⅛ 0 704½
12 3 2 _Quartarius_ 0 ¼ 1 409
24 6 4 2 _Hemina_ 0 ½ 2 818
48 12 8 4 2 _Sextarius_ 0 1 5 636
288 72 48 24 12 6 _Congius_ 0 7 4 942
1152 288 192 96 48 24 4 _Urna_ 3 4½ 5 33
2304 576 384 192 96 48 8 2 _Amphora_ 7 1 10 66
46080 11520 7680 3840 1920 960 160 40 20 _Culeus_ 143 3 11 095
N.B. The _quadrantal_ is the same as the _amphora_. The _Cadus_,
_Congiarius_, and _Dolium_ denote no certain measure. The Romans
divided the _Sextarius_, like the _libra_, into 12 equal parts,
called _Cyathi_, and therefore their _calices_ were called
_sextantes_, _quadrantes_, _trientes_, &c., according to the number
of _cyathi_ which they contained.
ATTIC MEASURE OF CAPACITY FOR THINGS DRY,
REDUCED TO ENGLISH CORN MEASURE.
sol.
pecks. gals. pts. in. dec.
_Cochlearion_ 0 0 0 0 276⁷⁄₂₀
1 _Cyathus_ 0 0 0 2 763½
15 1½ _Oxybaphon_ 0 0 0 4 144¾
60 6 4 _Cotyle_ 0 0 0 16 579
120 12 8 2 _Xestes_ 0 0 0 33 158
180 18 12 3 1½ _Chœnix_ 0 0 1 15 705¾
8040 864 576 144 72 48 _Medimnus_ 4 0 6 3 501
N.B. Besides this _Medimnus_, which is the _Medicus_, there was a
_Medimnus Georgicus_, equal to six Roman _Modii_.
ROMAN MEASURES OF CAPACITY FOR THINGS DRY,
REDUCED TO ENGLISH CORN MEASURE.
sol.
pecks. gals. pts. in. dec.
_Ligula_ 0 0 ¹⁄₄₈ 0 01
4 _Cyathus_ 0 0 ¹⁄₁₂ 0 04
6 1½ _Acetabulum_ 0 0 ⅛ 0 06
24 6 4 _Hemina_ 0 0 ½ 0 24
48 12 8 2 _Sextarius_ 0 0 1 0 48
384 96 64 16 8 _Semimodius_ 0 1 0 3 84
768 192 128 32 16 2 _Modius_ 1 0 0 7 68
THE MOST ANCIENT GRECIAN WEIGHTS, REDUCED TO ENGLISH TROY WEIGHT.
lb. oz. dwt. gr. dec.
_Drachma_ 0 0 6 2 ²²⁄₄₉
100 _Mina_ 1 1 0 4 ⁴⁴⁄₄₉
6000 60 _Talentum_ 65 0 12 5 ⁴³⁄₄₉
LESS ANCIENT GRECIAN AND ROMAN WEIGHTS,
REDUCED TO ENGLISH TROY WEIGHT.
lb. oz. dwt. gr. dec.
_Lentes_ 0 0 0 0 ⁸⁵⁄₁₁₂
4 _Siliquæ_ 0 0 0 3 ¹⁄₂₈
12 3 _Obolus_ 0 0 0 9 ³⁄₂₈
24 6 2 _Scriptulum_ 0 0 0 18 ³⁄₁₄
72 18 6 3 _Drachma_ 0 0 2 6 ⁹⁄₁₄
96 24 8 4 1⅓ _Sextula_ 0 0 3 0 ⁶⁄₇
144 36 12 6 2 1½ _Sicilius_ 0 0 4 13 ²⁄₇
192 48 16 8 2⅔ 2 1⅓ _Duella_ 0 0 6 1 ⁵⁄₇
576 144 48 24 8 6 4 3 _Unica_ 0 0 18 5 ¹⁄₇
6912 1728 576 288 96 72 48 36 12 _Libra_ 0 10 18 13 ⁵⁄₇
N.B. The Roman ounce is the English _avoirdupois_ ounce, which was
anciently divided into seven _denarii_, and eight _drachmæ_, and as
they reckoned the _denarius_ equal to an Attic _drachma_, the Attic
weights were one-eighth heavier than the correspondent weights
among the Romans.
The Greeks divided their _obolus_ into _chalci_ and smaller
proportions; some into six _chalci_, and every _chalcus_ into seven
smaller parts; and others divided into eight _chalci_, and each
_chalcus_ into eight parts.
THE GREATER WEIGHTS REDUCED TO ENGLISH TROY WEIGHT.
lb. oz. dwt. gr.
_Libra_ 0 10 18 13⁵⁄₇
1¹⁄₂₄ _Mina Attica communis_ 0 11 7 16²⁄₇
⅓ 1⁷⁄₂₅ _Mina Attica media_ 1 2 11 10²⁄₇
62½ 60 46⅞ _Talentum Atticum commune_ 56 11 0 17¹⁄₇
N.B. There was also another Attic talent which consisted of 80, or,
according to some, of 100 _minæ_. It must, however, be remembered,
that every _mina_ contains 100 _drachmæ_, and every talent 60
_minæ_. The talents differ according to the different standard of
their _minæ_ and _drachmæ_, as the following table indicates:――
lb. oz. dwt. gr.
_The Mina Ægyptiaca_ } { 133⅓ } { 1 5 6 22²⁶⁄₄₉
_Antiochica_ } Consists { 133⅓ } Equivalent { 1 5 6 22²⁶⁄₄₉
_Cleopatræ } of Attic { } to English {
Ptolemaica_ } drachmæ { 144 } troy { 1 6 14 16³²⁄₄₉
_Alexandrina } { } weight {
Dioscoridis_ } { 160 } { 1 8 16 7⁴¹⁄₄₉
_The Talentum } { } {
Ægyptiacum_ } { 80 } { 86 8 16 8
_Antiochicum_ } Consists { 80 } Equivalent { 86 8 16 8
_Ptolemaicum } of Attic { } to English {
Cleop._ } minæ { 86⅔ } troy { 93 11 11 0
_Alexandriæ_ } { 96 } weight { 104 0 19 14
_Insulanum_ } { 120 } { 130 1 4 12
_Antiochiæ_ } { 360 } { 390 3 13 11
THE VALUE AND PROPORTION OF THE GRECIAN COINS.
£ s. d. q.
_Lepton_ 0 0 0 0³¹⁄₃₃₆
7 _Chalcus_ 0 0 0 0³¹⁄₄₈
14 2 _Dichalcus_ 0 0 0 1⁷⁄₂₄
28 4 2 _Hemiobolus_ 0 0 0 2⁷⁄₁₂
56 8 4 2 _Obolus_ 0 0 1 1⅙
112 16 8 4 2 _Diobolus_ 0 0 2 2⅓
224 32 16 8 4 2 _Tetrobolus_ 0 0 5 0⅔
336 48 24 12 6 3 1½ _Drachma_ 0 0 7 3
662 96 48 24 12 6 3 2 _Didrachmon_ 0 1 3 2
1324 112 96 48 24 12 6 4 2 _Tetradrachmon_ 0 2 7 0
1660 384 120 60 30 15 7½ 5 2½ 1¼ _Pentadrachmon_ 0 3 2 3
N.B. The _drachma_, and the _didrachmon_, were silver, the others
generally of brass. The _tridrachmon_, _triobolus_, &c., were
sometimes coined. The _drachma_ and the _denarius_ are here
supposed to be equal, though often the former exceeded in weight.
The gold coin among the Greeks was the _stater aureus_, which weighed
two Attic _drachmæ_, or half the _stater argenteus_, and was worth
25 Attic _drachmæ_, of silver, or in £ s. d.
English money 0 16 1¾
Or according to the proportion of gold to silver,
at present 1 0 9
The _Stater Cyzicenus_ exchanged for 28 Attic _drachmæ_,
or 0 18 1
The _Stater Philippi_ and _Stater Alexandri_ were of
the same value.
The _Stater Daricus_, according to Josephus,
was worth 50 Attic _drachmæ_, or 1 12 3½
The _Stater Cræsi_ was of the same value.
THE VALUE AND PROPORTION OF THE ROMAN COINS.
£ s. d. q.
_Terentius_ 0 0 0 0⁷⁷⁵⁄₁₀₀₀
2 _Sembella_ 0 0 0 1¹¹⁄₂₀
4 2 _Libella_, or _As_ 0 0 0 3¹⁄₁₀
10 5 2½ _Sestertius_ 0 0 1 3¾
20 10 5 2 _Quinarius_, or _Victoriatus_ 0 0 3 3½
40 20 10 4 2 _Denarius_ 0 0 7 3
N.B. The _denarius_, _victoriatus_, _sestertius_, and sometimes
the _as_, were of silver, the others were of brass. The _triens_,
_sextans_, _uncia_, _sextula_, and _dupondius_, were sometimes
coined of brass.
THE COMPUTATION OF MONEY AMONG THE GREEKS WAS BY DRACHMÆ,
AS FOLLOWS:――
£ s. d. q.
1 _Drachma_ 0 0 7 3
10 _Drachmæ_ 0 6 5 2
100 _Drachmæ_ equal to a _Mina_ 3 4 7
10 _Minæ_ 32 5 10
60 _Minæ_ equal to a _Talent_ 193 15 0
10 _Talents_ 1937 10 0
100 _Talents_ 19375 0 0
AMONG THE ROMANS THE COMPUTATION WAS BY SESTERTII NUMMI, AS――
£ s. d. q.
A _Sestertius_ 0 0 0 1½
10 _Sestertii_ 0 1 7 1¾
1000 _Sestertii_ equal to one _Sestertium_ 8 1 5 2
10 _Sestertia_ 80 14 7 0
100 _Sestertia_ 807 5 10 0
1000 _Sestertia_ or _decies Sestertiûm_
(centies und.) or _decies centena
millia nummûm_ 8072 18 4 0
_Centies_ vel _centies H. S._ 80729 3 4 0
_Millies H. S._ 807291 13 4 0
_Millies centies H. S._ 888020 16 8 0
_The Mina Syria_ } { 25
_Ptolemaica_ } { 33⅓
_Antiochica_ } Was { 100
_Euboica_ } worth { 100
_Babylonica_ } of { 116
_Attica major_ } Attic { 133⅓
_Tyria_ } _Drachmæ_ { 133⅓
_Æginæa_ } { 166⅔
_Rhodia_ } { 166⅔
_The Talentum Syrium_ } { 15
_Ptolemaicum_ } { 20
_Antiochicum_ } Was { 60
_Euboicum_ } worth { 60
_Babylonicum_ } of { 70
_Atticum majus_ } Attic { 80
_Tyrium_ } _minæ_ { 80
_Æginæum_ } { 100
_Rhodium_ } { 100
_Ægyptium_ } { 80
The Roman gold coin was the _aureus_, which generally weighed
double the _denarius_.
£ s. d. q.
The value of it was, according to the first
proportion of coinage mentioned by Pliny 1 4 3 3
Or according to the proportion of coinage at
present 1 0 9
According to the decuple proportion mentioned
by Livy and Julius Pollux 0 12 11
According to Tacitus, as it was afterwards valued
and exchanged for 25 _denarii_ 0 16 1 3
The value of coin underwent many changes during the existence of
the Roman republic, and stood, as Pliny mentions it, as follows:
In the reign of Servius } The _as_ { 1 pound
A.U.C. 490 } weighed { 2 ounces
A.U.C. 537 } of brass { 1 ounce
A.U.C. 586 } { ½ ounce
A.U.C. 485 } The _denarius_ { 10 _asses_
A.U.C. 537 } exchanged for { 16 _asses_
A.U.C. 547, a scruple of gold was worth 20 _sestertii_;
coined afterwards of the pound of gold, 20 _denarii
aurei_; and in Nero’s reign of the pound of gold, 45
_denarii aurei_.
N. B. In the above tables of money, it is to be observed that the
silver has been reckoned at 5_s._ and gold at _£_4 per ounce.
A talent of gold among the Jews was worth _£_5475, and one of
silver _£_342 3_s._ 9_d._
The greater talent of the Romans was worth _£_99 6_s._ 8_d._, and
the less _£_60, or, as some say, _£_75, and the great talent
_£_1125.
The value of the Roman _pondo_ is not precisely known, though some
suppose it equivalent to an Attic _mina_, or _£_3 4_s._ 7_d._
It is used indifferently by ancient authors for _æs_, _as_, and
_mina_, and was supposed to consist of 100, or 96 _denarii_. It
is to be observed, that whenever the word _pondo_ is joined to
numbers, it signifies the same as _libra_, but when it is used
with other words it bears the same signification as the σταθμη
or ὁλκη of the Greeks, or the _pondus_ of the Latins. The word
_nummus_, when mentioned as a sum of money, was supposed to be
equivalent to a _sestertius_, and though the words _sestertius_
and _nummus_ are often joined together, yet their signification
is the same, and they intimate no more than either does
separately.
We must particularly remark, that in reckoning their _sesterces_,
the Romans had an art which can be rendered intelligible by the
observation of these rules: If a numeral noun agreed in case,
gender, and number with the word _sestertius_, it denoted
precisely as many _sestertii_; as for example, _decem sestertii_
was ten _sestertii_. If a numeral noun of another case was
joined with the genitive plural of _sestertius_, it denoted so
many thousand, as _decem sestertiûm_ signifies so many thousand
_sestertii_. If the adverb numeral was joined, it denoted so
many hundred thousand, as _decies sestertiûm_ was ten hundred
thousand _sesterii_. If the numeral adverb was put by itself,
the signification was not altered; therefore _decies_, _vigesies_,
&c., in a sentence, imply as many hundred thousand _sestertii_,
or hundred _sestertia_, as if the word _sestertiûm_ was expressed.
The _denarius_, which was the chief silver coin used at Rome,
received its name because it contained _denos æris_, ten _asses_.
The _as_ is often expressed by an Lucius because it was one pound
weight; and the _sestertius_, because it was equivalent to two
pounds and a half of brass, is frequently denoted by H. S. or
L. L. S.
The Roman _libra_ contained twelve ounces of silver, and was worth
about _£_3, sterling.
The Roman talent was supposed to be equivalent to twenty-four
_sestertia_, or nearly _£_193 sterling.
THE END.
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