according to Homer, or one of the Parcæ according to Pindar. She was
the goddess of fortune, and from her hand were derived riches and
poverty, pleasures and misfortunes, blessings and pains. She was
worshipped in different parts of Greece, and in Achaia her statue
held the horn of plenty in one hand, and had a winged Cupid at its
feet. In Bœotia she had a statue which represented her as holding
Plutus the god of riches in her arms, to intimate that fortune is
the source whence wealth and honours flow. Bupalus was the first
who made a statue of Fortune for the people of Smyrna, and he
represented her with the polar star upon her head, and the horn
of plenty in her hand. The Romans paid particular attention to the
goddess of Fortune, and had no less than eight different temples
erected to her honour in their city. Tullus Hostilius was the first
who built her a temple, and from that circumstance it is easily
known when her worship was first introduced among the Romans. Her
most famous temple in Italy was at Antium, in Latium, where presents
and offerings were regularly sent from every part of the country.
Fortune has been called Pherepolis the protectress of cities,
and Acrea from the temple of Corinth on an eminence, ἀκρος. She
was called Prænestine at Præneste in Italy, where she had also a
temple. Besides, she was worshipped among the Romans under different
names, such as Female fortune, Virile fortune, Equestrian, Evil,
Peaceful, Virgin, &c. On the 1st of April, which was consecrated
to Venus among the Romans, the Italian widows and marriageable
virgins assembled in the temple of Virile fortune, and after burning
incense and stripping themselves of their garments, they entreated
the goddess to hide from the eyes of their husbands whatever defects
there might be on their bodies. The goddess of fortune is represented
on ancient monuments with a horn of plenty, and sometimes two in
her hands. She is blindfolded, and generally holds a wheel in her
hands as an emblem of her inconstancy. Sometimes she appears with
wings, and treads upon the prow of a ship, and holds a rudder in
her hands. _Dionysius of Halicarnassus_, bk. 4.――_Ovid_, _Fasti_,
bk. 6, li. 569.――_Plutarch_, _de Fortuna Romanorum_ & _Caius Marcius
Coriolanus_.――_Cicero_, _de Divinatione_, bk. 2.――_Livy_, bk. 10.
――_Augustine_, _City of God_, bk. 4.――_Florus_, bk. 1.――_Valerius
Maximus_, bk. 1, ch. 5.――_Lucan_, bk. 2, &c.
=Fortūnātæ insulæ=, islands at the west of Mauritania in the Atlantic
sea. They are supposed to be the _Canary_ isles of the moderns,
thought to be only two in number, at a little distance one from
the other, and 10,000 stadia from the shores of Libya. They
were represented as the seats of the blessed, where the souls of
the virtuous were placed after death. The air was wholesome and
temperate, and the earth produced an immense number of various
fruits without the labours of men. When they had been described to
Sertorius in the most enchanting colours, that celebrated general
expressed a wish to retire thither, and to remove himself from
the noise of the world, and the dangers of war. _Strabo_, bk. 1.
――_Plutarch_, _Sertorius_.――_Horace_, bk. 4, ode 8, li. 27; epode 16.
――_Pliny_, bk. 6, chs. 31 & 32.
=Fŏrŭli=, a town of the Sabines, built on a stony place. _Strabo_,
bk. 5.――_Virgil_, _Æneid_, bk. 7, li. 714.
=Forum appii=, a town of Latium on the Appia Via. _Cicero_, bk. 1,
_Letters to Atticus_, ltr. 10.――_Horace_, bk. 1, satire 3, li. 3.
――――Augustum, a place at Rome. _Ovid_, _Fasti_, bk. 5, li. 552.
――――Allieni, a town of Italy, now _Ferrara_. _Tacitus_, _Histories_,
bk. 3, ch. 6.――――Aurelia, a town of Etruria, now _Montalto_.
_Cicero_, _Against Catiline_, bk. 1, ch. 9.――――Claudii, another
in Etruria, now _Oriolo_.――――Cornelii, another, now _Imola_, in
the Pope’s dominions. _Pliny_, bk. 3, ch. 16.――_Cicero_, _Letters
to his Friends_, bk. 12, ltr. 5.――――Domitii, a town of Gaul,
now _Frontignan_, in Languedoc.――――Voconii, a town of Gaul, now
_Gonsaron_, between Antibes and Marseilles. _Cicero_, _Letters to
his Friends_, bk. 10, ltr. 17.――――Lepidi, a town of ancient Gaul,
south of the Po.――――Popilii, another at the south of Ravenna, on the
Adriatic.――――Flaminii, a town of Umbria, now _San Giavane_. _Pliny_,
bk. 3, ch. 14.――――Gallorum, a town of Gaul Togata, now _Castel
Franco_, in the Bolognese. _Cicero_, _Letters to his Friends_,
bk. 10, ltr. 30.――――Also a town of Venice called _Forojuliensis
urbs_, now _Friuli_. _Cicero_, _Letters to his Friends_, bk. 12,
ltr. 26.――――Julium, a town of Gaul Narbonensis, now _Frejus_, in
Provence. _Cicero_, _Letters to his Friends_, bk. 10, ltr. 17.
――_Strabo_, bk. 4.――――Lebnorum, a town of Insubria. _Polybius._
――――Sempronii, a town of Umbria, &c. Many other places bore the
name of _Forum_ wherever there was a public market, or rather where
the pretor held his court of justice (_forum vel conventus_), and
thence they were called sometimes _conventus_ as well as _fora_,
into which provinces were generally divided under the administration
of a separate governor. _Cicero_, _Against Verres_, bk. 2, ch. 20;
bk. 4, ch. 48; bk. 5, ch. 11; _Against Vatinius_, ch. 5; _Letters
to his Friends_, bk. 3, ltrs. 6 & 8; _Letters to Atticus_, bk. 5,
ltr. 21.
=Fosi=, a people of Germany near the Elbe, considered as the Saxons of
Ptolemy. _Tacitus_, _Germania_, ch. 36.
=Fossa=, the straits of _Bonifacio_ between Corsica and Sardinia,
called also Taphros. _Pliny_, bk. 3, ch. 6.――――Drusi, or Drusiana,
a canal eight miles in length, opened by Drusus from the Rhine to
the Issel, below the separation of the Waal. _Suetonius_, _Claudius_,
ch. 1.――_Tacitus_, _Histories_, bk. 5, ch. 23.――――Mariana, a canal
cut by Marius from the Rhone to Marseilles during the Cimbrian war,
and now called _Galejon_. Sometimes the word is used in the plural,
_Fossæ_, as if more than one canal had been formed by Marius.
_Pliny_, bk. 3, ch. 4.――_Strabo_, bk. 4.――_Mela_, bk. 2, ch. 5.
=Fossæ Philistinæ=, one of the mouths of the Po. _Tacitus_,
_Histories_, bk. 3, ch. 9.
=Franci=, a people of Germany and Gaul, whose country was called
Francia. _Claudian._
=Fraus=, a divinity worshipped among the Romans, daughter of Orcus and
Night. She presided over treachery, &c.
=Frĕgella=, a famous town of the Volsci, in Italy, on the Liris,
destroyed for revolting from the Romans, _Silius Italicus_, bk. 5,
li. 452.――_Livy_, bk. 8, ch. 22; bk. 27, ch. 10, &c.――_Cicero_,
_Letters to his Friends_, bk. 13, ltr. 76.
=Fregēnæ=, a town of Etruria. _Pliny_, bk. 3, ch. 5.
=Frentāni=, a people of Italy, near Apulia, who received their name
from the river _Frento_, now _Fortore_, which runs through the
eastern part of their country, and falls into the Adriatic opposite
the islands of Diomede. _Pliny_, bk. 3, ch. 11.――_Livy_, bk. 9,
ch. 45.――_Silius Italicus_, bk. 8, li. 520.
=Fretum= (_the sea_), is sometimes applied by eminence to the Sicilian
sea, or the straits of Messina. _Cæsar_, _Civil War_, bk. 1, ch. 29.
――_Florus_, bk. 1, ch. 26.――_Cicero_, bk. 2, _Letters to Atticus_,
ltr. 1.
=Frigĭdus=, a river of Tuscany.
=Frisii=, a people of Germany near the Rhine, now the _Frisons of
Friesland_. _Tacitus_, _Annals_, bk. 1, ch. 60; _Histories_, bk. 4,
chs. 15 & 72; _Germania_, ch. 36.
=Sextus Julius Frontīnus=, a celebrated geometrician, who made himself
known by the books which he wrote on aqueducts and stratagems
dedicated to Trajan. He ordered at his death that no monument should
be raised to his memory, saying _memoria nostri durabit, si vitam
meruimus_. The best edition of Frontinus is that of Oudendorp, 8vo,
Leiden, 1779.
=Fronto=, a preceptor of Marcus Antoninus, by whom he was greatly
esteemed.――――Julius, a learned Roman, who was so partial to the
company of poets, that he lent them his house and gardens, which
continually re-echoed the compositions of his numerous visitors.
_Juvenal_, satire 1, li. 12.
=Frŭsĭno=, a small town of the Volsci on one of the branches of
the Liris. _Juvenal_, satire 3, li. 223.――_Livy_, bk. 10, ch. 1.
――_Silius Italicus_, bk. 8, li. 399.――_Cicero_, _Letters to Atticus_,
bk. 11, ltrs. 4 & 13.
=Fūcĭnus=, a lake of Italy in the country of the Marsi, at the north
of the Liris, attempted to be drained by Julius Cæsar and afterwards
by Claudius, by whom 30,000 men were employed for 11 years to
perforate a mountain to convey the water into the Liris, but with
no permanent success. The lake, surrounded by a ridge of high
mountains, is now called _Celano_, and is supposed to be 47 miles in
circumference, and not more than 12 feet deep on an average. _Pliny_,
bk. 36, ch. 15.――_Tacitus_, _Annals_, bk. 12, ch. 56.――_Virgil_,
_Æneid_, bk. 7, li. 759.
=Fufĭdius=, a wretched usurer, &c. _Horace_, bk. 1, satire 2.
=Fufius Geminus=, a man greatly promoted by the interest of Livia, &c.
_Tacitus_, _Annals_, bk. 5, chs. 1 & 2.
=Fugalia=, festivals at Rome to celebrate the flight of the Tarquins.
=Fulgĭnātes= (singular, Fulginas), a people of Umbria, whose chief
town was Fulginum, now _Foligno_. _Silius Italicus_, bk. 8, li. 462.
――_Pliny_, bk. 1, ch. 4; bk. 3, ch. 14.
=Q. Fulgīnus=, a brave officer in Cæsar’s legions, &c. _Cæsar_, _Civil
War_.
=Fulgōra=, a goddess at Rome who presided over lightning. She was
addressed to save her votaries from the effects of violent storms of
thunder. _Augustine_, _City of God_, bk. 6, ch. 10.
=Fullinum= and =Fulginum=, a small town of Umbria.
=Fulvia lex=, was proposed but rejected A.U.C. 628, by Flaccus Fulvius.
It tended to make all the people of Italy citizens of Rome.
=Fulvia=, a bold and ambitious woman who married the tribune Clodius,
and afterwards Curio, and at last Marcus Antony. She took a part in
all the intrigues of her husband’s triumvirate, and showed herself
cruel as well as revengeful. When Cicero’s head had been cut off
by order of Antony, Fulvia ordered it to be brought to her, and
with all the insolence of barbarity, she bored the orator’s tongue
with her golden bodkin. Antony divorced her to marry Cleopatra, upon
which she attempted to avenge her wrongs, by persuading Augustus
to take up arms against her husband. When this scheme did not
succeed, she raised a faction against Augustus, in which she engaged
Lucius Antonius her brother-in-law, and when all her attempts proved
fruitless, she retired into the east, where her husband received
her with great coldness and indifference. This unkindness totally
broke her heart, and she soon after died, about 40 years before the
christian era. _Plutarch_, _Cicero_ & _Antonius_.――――A woman who
discovered to Cicero the designs of Catiline upon his life.
_Plutarch_, _Cicero_.
=Fulvius=, a Roman senator, intimate with Augustus. He disclosed the
emperor’s secrets to his wife, who made it public to all the Roman
matrons, for which he received so severe a reprimand from Augustus,
that he and his wife hanged themselves in despair.――――A friend of
Caius Gracchus, who was killed in a sedition with his son. His body
was thrown into the river, and his widow was forbidden to put on
mourning for his death. _Plutarch_, _Gracchus_.――――Flaccus Censor, a
Roman who plundered a marble temple of Juno, to finish the building
of one which he had erected to Fortune. He was always unhappy after
this sacrilege. _Livy_, bk. 25, ch. 2.――――Servius Nobilior, a Roman
consul who went to Africa after the defeat of Regulus. After he had
acquired much glory against the Carthaginians, he was shipwrecked
at his return with 200 Roman ships. His grandson Marcus was sent
to Spain, where he greatly signalized himself. He was afterwards
rewarded with the consulship.
=Fundānus=, a lake near Fundi in Italy, which discharges itself into
the Mediterranean. _Tacitus_, _Histories_, bk. 3, ch. 96.
=Fundi=, a town of Italy near Caieta, on the Appian road, at the
bottom of a small deep bay called _Lacus Fundanus_. _Horace_, bk. 1,
satire 5, li. 34.――_Livy_, bk. 8, chs. 14 & 19; bk. 38, ch. 36.
――_Pliny_, bk. 3, ch. 5.――_Cicero_, _De Lege Agraria contra Rullum_,
bk. 2, ch. 25.――_Tacitus_, _Annals_, bk. 4, ch. 59.――_Strabo_, bk. 5.
=Fŭriæ=, the three daughters of Nox and Acheron, or of Pluto and
Proserpine, according to some. _See:_ Eumenides.
=Fŭrii=, a family which migrated from Medullia in Latium, and came to
settle at Rome under Romulus, and was admitted among the patricians.
Camillus was of this family, and it was he who first raised it to
distinction. _Plutarch_, _Camillus_.
=Fŭria lex=, _de Testamentis_, by C. Furius the tribune. It forbade
any person to leave as a legacy more than 1000 _asses_, except
to the relations of the master who manumitted, with a few more
exceptions. _Cicero_, bk. 1, _Against Verres_, ch. 42.――_Livy_,
bk. 35.
=Furīna=, the goddess of robbers, worshipped at Rome. Some say that
she is the same as the Furies. Her festivals were called Furinalia.
_Cicero_, _de Natura Deorum_, bk. 3, ch. 8.――_Varro_, _de Lingua
Latina_, bk. 5, ch. 3.
=Furius=, a military tribune with Camillus. He was sent against the
Tuscans by his colleague.――――A Roman slave who obtained his freedom,
and applied himself with unremitted attention to cultivate a small
portion of land which he had purchased. The uncommon fruits which
he reaped from his labours rendered his neighbours jealous of his
prosperity. He was accused before a Roman tribunal of witchcraft,
but honourably acquitted.――――Marcus Bibaculus, a Latin poet of
Cremona, who wrote annals in Iambic verse, and was universally
celebrated for the wit and humour of his expressions. It is said
that Virgil imitated his poetry, and even borrowed some of his lines.
Horace, however, has not failed to ridicule his verses. _Quintilian_,
bk. 8, ch. 6, &c.――_Horace_, bk. 2, satire 5, li. 40.
=Furnius=, a man accused of adultery with Claudia Pulchra, and
condemned, &c. _Tacitus_, _Histories_, bk. 4, li. 52.――――A friend
of Horace, who was consul, and distinguished himself by his elegant
historical writings. Bk. 1, satire 10, li. 36.
=Aristotle Fuscus=, a friend of Horace, as conspicuous for the
integrity and propriety of his manners, as for his learning and
abilities. The poet addressed his 22nd Ode, bk. 1 & bk. 1, ltr. 10,
to him.――――Cornelius, a pretor sent by Domitian against the Daci,
where he perished. _Juvenal_, satire 4, li. 112.
=Fusia lex=, _de Comitiis_, A.U.C. 527, forbade any business to
be transacted at the public assemblies on certain days, though
among the _fasti_.――――Another, A.U.C. 690, which ordained that the
votes in a public assembly should be given separately.――――Caninia,
another by Camillus and C. Caninius Galbus, A.U.C. 751, to check the
manumission of slaves.
=Fusius=, a Roman orator. _Cicero_, bk. 2, _On Oratory_, ch. 22.――――A
Roman, killed in Gaul, while he presided there over one of the
provinces. _Cæsar_, _Gallic War_, bk. 7, ch. 3.――――A Roman actor,
whom Horace ridicules, bk. 2, satire 3, li. 60. He intoxicated
himself; and when on the stage he fell asleep whilst he personated
Ilione, where he ought to have been roused and moved by the cries of
a ghost; but in vain.
G
=Gabales=, a people of Aquitain. _Pliny_, bk. 4, ch. 19.
=Gabaza=, a country of Asia, near Sogdiana. _Curtius_, bk. 8, ch. 4.
=Gabellus=, now _La Secchia_, a river falling in a northern direction
into the Po, opposite the Mincius. _Pliny_, bk. 3, ch. 16.
=Gabēne= and =Gabiēne=, a country of Persia. _Diodorus_, bk. 19.
=Gabia= and =Gabina=. _See:_ Gabina.
=Găbiēnus=, a friend of Augustus, beheaded by order of Sextus Pompey.
It is maintained that he spoke after death.
=Găbii=, a city of the Volsci, built by the kings of Alba, but now
no longer in existence. It was taken by the artifice of Sextus the
son of Tarquin, who gained the confidence of the inhabitants by
deserting to them, and pretending that his father had ill-treated
him. Romulus and Remus were educated there, as it was the custom at
that time to send there the young nobility, and Juno was the chief
deity of the place. The inhabitants had a peculiar mode of tucking
up their dress, whence _Gabinus cinctus_. _Virgil_, _Æneid_, bk. 6,
li. 773; bk. 7, lis. 612 & 682.――_Livy_, bk. 5, ch. 46; bk. 6, ch.
29; bk. 8, ch. 9; bk. 10, ch. 7.――_Ovid_, _Fasti_, bk. 2, li. 709.
――_Plutarch_, _Romulus_.
=Găbīna=, the name of Juno, worshipped at Gabii. _Virgil_, _Æneid_,
bk. 7, li. 682.
=Găbīnia lex=, _de Comitiis_, by Aulus Gabinius the tribune, A.U.C.
614. It required that in the public assemblies for electing
magistrates, the votes should be given by tablets, and not _vivâ
voce_.――――Another, for convening daily the senate, from the calends
of February to those of March.――――Another, _de Comitiis_, which
made it a capital punishment to convene any clandestine assembly,
agreeable to the old law of the 12 tables.――――Another, _de Militiâ_,
by Aulus Gabinius the tribune, A.U.C. 685. It granted Pompey the
power of carrying on the war against the pirates, during three
years, and of obliging all kings, governors, and states to supply
him with all the necessaries he wanted, over all the Mediterranean
sea, and in the maritime provinces, as far as 400 stadia from the
sea.――――Another, _de Usurâ_, by Aulus Gabinius the tribune, A.U.C.
685. It ordained that no action should be granted for the recovery
of any money borrowed upon small interest, to be lent upon larger.
This was a usual practice at Rome, which obtained the name of
_versuram facere_.――――Another, against fornication.
=Gabiniānus=, a rhetorician in the reign of Vespasian.
=Găbīnius=, a Roman historian.――――Aulus, a Roman consul, who made war
in Judæa, and re-established tranquillity there. He suffered himself
to be bribed, and replaced Ptolemy Auletes on the throne of Egypt.
He was accused, at his return, of receiving bribes. Cicero, at the
request of Pompey, ably defended him. He was banished, and died
about 40 years before Christ, at Salona.――――A lieutenant of Antony.
――――A consul, who behaved with uncommon rudeness to Cicero.
=Gades= (ium), =Gadis= (is), and =Gadīra=, a small island in the
Atlantic, on the Spanish coast, 25 miles from the columns of
Hercules. It was some time called _Tartessus_ and _Erythia_,
according to Pliny, and is now known by the name of _Cadiz_. Geryon,
whom Hercules killed, fixed his residence there. Hercules, surnamed
_Gaditanus_, had there a celebrated temple, in which all his labours
were engraved with excellent workmanship. The inhabitants were
called _Gaditani_, and their women were known for their agility
of body, and their incontinency. _Horace_, bk. 2, ode 2, li. 11.
――_Statius_, bk. 3, _Sylvæ_, poem 1, li. 183.――_Livy_, bk. 21,
ch. 21; bk. 24, ch. 49; bk. 26, ch. 43.――_Pliny_, bk. 4, ch. 23.
――_Strabo_, bk. 3.――_Cicero_, _for Cornelius Balbus_.――_Justin_,
bk. 44, ch. 4.――_Pausanias_, bk. 1, ch. 35.――_Ptolemy_, bk. 2,
ch. 4.――_Paterculus_, bk. 1, ch. 2.
=Gādītānus=, a surname of Hercules, from Gades. _See:_ Gades.
=Gæsātæ=, a people on the Rhone, who assisted the Senones in taking
and plundering Rome under Brennus. _Strabo_, bk. 5.
=Gætūlia=, a country of Libya, near the Garamantes, which formed
part of king Masinissa’s kingdom. The country was the favourite
retreat of wild beasts, and is now called _Bildulgerid_. _Sallust_,
_Jugurthine War_.――_Silius Italicus_, bk. 3, li. 287.――_Pliny_,
bk. 5, ch. 4.
=Gætūlĭcus, Cnæus Lentulus=, an officer in the age of Tiberius,
&c. _Tacitus_, _Annals_, bk. 4, ch. 42.――――A poet who wrote some
epigrams in which he displayed great genius, and more wit, though
he often indulged in indelicate expressions.
=Gala=, father of Masinissa, was king of Numidia.
=Galăbrii=, a nation near Thrace.
=Galactophăgi=, a people of Asiatic Scythia. _Homer_, _Iliad_, bk. 3.
=Galæsus.= _See:_ Galesus.
=Galanthis=, a servant-maid of Alcmena, whose sagacity eased the
labours of her mistress. When Juno resolved to retard the birth
of Hercules, and hasten the labours of the wife of Sthenelus, she
solicited the aid of Lucina; who immediately repaired to the house
of Alcmena, and in the form of an old woman, sat near the door
with her legs crossed, and her fingers joined. In this posture she
uttered some magical words, which served to prolong the labours
of Alcmena, and render her state the more miserable. Alcmena had
already passed some days in the most excruciating torments, when
Galanthis began to suspect the jealousy of Juno; and concluded
that the old woman, who continued at the door always in the same
unchanged posture, was the instrument of the anger of the goddess.
With such suspicions Galanthis ran out of the house, and with a
countenance expressive of joy, she informed the old woman that her
mistress had just brought forth. Lucina, at the words, rose from her
posture, and that instant Alcmena was safely delivered. The uncommon
laugh which Galanthis raised upon this, made Lucina suspect that she
had been deceived. She seized Galanthis by the hair, and threw her
on the ground; and while she attempted to resist, she was changed
into a weasel, and condemned to bring forth her young, in the most
agonizing pains, by the mouth, by which she had uttered falsehood.
This transformation alludes to a vulgar notion among the ancients,
who believed this of the weasel, because she carries her young in
her mouth, and continually shifts from place to place. The Bœotians
paid great veneration to the weasel, which, as they supposed,
facilitated the labours of Alcmena. _Ælian_, _De Natura Animalium_,
bk. 2.――_Ovid_, _Metamorphoses_, bk. 9, fable 6.
=Galăta=, a town of Syria.――――An island near Sicily.――――A town of
Sicily.――――A mountain of Phocis.
=Gălătæ=, the inhabitants of Galatia. _See:_ Galatia.
=Gălătæa= and =Galathæa=, a sea-nymph, daughter of Nereus and Doris.
She was passionately loved by the Cyclops Polyphemus, whom she
treated with coolness and disdain; while Acis, a shepherd of Sicily,
enjoyed her unbounded affection. The happiness of these two lovers
was disturbed by the jealousy of the Cyclops, who crushed his rival
to pieces with a piece of a broken rock, while he sat in the bosom
of Galatæa. Galatæa was inconsolable for the loss of Acis, and as
she could not restore him to life, she changed him into a fountain.
_Ovid_, _Metamorphoses_, bk. 13, li. 789.――_Virgil_, _Æneid_, bk. 9,
li. 103.――――The daughter of a Celtic king, from whom the Gauls were
called Galatæ. _Ammianus_, bk. 15.――――A country girl, &c. _Virgil_,
_Eclogues_, poem 3.
=Gălătia=, or =Gallogræcia=, a country of Asia Minor, between Phrygia,
the Euxine, Cappadocia, and Bithynia. It received its name from the
Gauls, who migrated there under Brennus, some time after the sacking
of Rome. _Strabo_, bk. 12.――_Justin_, bk. 37, ch. 4.――_Livy_, bk. 38,
chs. 12, 40.――_Lucan_, bk. 7, li. 540.――_Cicero_, bk. 6, _Letters to
Atticus_, ltr. 5.――_Pliny_, bk. 5, ch. 32.――_Ptolemy_, bk. 5, ch. 4.
――――The name of ancient Gaul among the Greeks.
=Galaxia=, a festival, in which they boiled a mixture of barley, pulse,
and milk, called Γαλαξια by the Greeks.