_Tung Yuean._ Tenth century. Landscape painter. He worked in both the
Northern and Southern styles.
_Chue Jan_, Buddhist monk. Tenth century. He was at first influenced by
the work of Tung Yuean, but later created an individual style.
_Ma Yuean._ End of the twelfth and beginning of the thirteenth century.
Member of the Academy of Painting. He was the author of a strong
and vigorous style which characterized the school founded by him.
_Hsia Kuei_ served in the college at Han-Lin in the reign of the
Emperor Ning Tsung (1195-1224). He was considered a master of
chiaroscuro and atmospheric perspective.
_Ma Lin_, son of Ma Yuean. Thirteenth century. His work shows that he
painted even more in the tradition of the Southern School than his
father and uncle.
_Li Lung-mien_ or _Li Kung-lin_. Born at Chou in Ngan-huei. He held
public offices, which he resigned in 1100 to retire to the mountain
of Lung-mien, where he died in 1106. Noted for his calligraphy as
well as for his painting. At one time in his life, under religious
influences, he painted a great number of Buddhist figures.
_Mi Fei_ or _Mi Yuean-chang_ or _Mi Nan-kung_ (1051-1107).
Calligraphist, painter and critic. He used strong inking in a style
in which the simplification of monochrome is carried to the
extreme. He had a son, _Mi Yu-Jen_, who painted in his father's
style and lived to an advanced age.
_Hui Tsung_, emperor, poet, painter and calligraphist. Born in 1082,
ascended the throne in 1100, lost his throne in 1125 and died in
captivity in 1135. In the first year of his reign he founded the
Academy of Calligraphy and Painting. He made a large collection of
valuable paintings and rare objects of art which was scattered at
the plundering of his capital by the Tartars in 1225.