GENERICALLY considered, a "battery" is a_Edison: His Life and Inventions

current. There are two distinct species of battery, one being known as

"primary," and the other as "storage," although the latter is sometimes

referred to as a "secondary battery" or "accumulator." Every type of

each of these two species is essentially alike in its general make-up;

that is to say, every cell of battery of any kind contains at least

two elements of different nature immersed in a more or less liquid

electrolyte of chemical character. On closing the circuit of a primary

battery an electric current is generated by reason of the chemical

action which is set up between the electrolyte and the elements.

This involves a gradual consumption of one of the elements and a

corresponding exhaustion of the active properties of the electrolyte. By

reason of this, both the element and the electrolyte that have been used

up must be renewed from time to time, in order to obtain a continued

supply of electric current.

The storage battery also generates electric current through chemical

action, but without involving the constant repriming with active

materials to replace those consumed and exhausted as above mentioned.

The term "storage," as applied to this species of battery, is,

however, a misnomer, and has been the cause of much misunderstanding

to nontechnical persons. To the lay mind a "storage" battery presents

itself in the aspect of a device in which electric energy is STORED,

just as compressed air is stored or accumulated in a tank. This view,

however, is not in accordance with facts. It is exactly like the primary

battery in the fundamental circumstance that its ability for generating

electric current depends upon chemical action. In strict terminology it

is a "reversible" battery, as will be quite obvious if we glance briefly

at its philosophy. When a storage battery is "charged," by having an

electric current passed through it, the electric energy produces a

chemical effect, adding oxygen to the positive plate, and taking oxygen

away from the negative plate. Thus, the positive plate becomes oxidized,

and the negative plate reduced. After the charging operation is

concluded the battery is ready for use, and upon its circuit being

closed through a translating device, such as a lamp or motor, a

reversion ("discharge") takes place, the positive plate giving up its

oxygen, and the negative plate being oxidized. These chemical actions

result in the generation of an electric current as in a primary battery.

As a matter of fact, the chemical actions and reactions in a storage

battery are much more complex, but the above will serve to afford the

lay reader a rather simple idea of the general result arrived at through

the chemical activity referred to.

The storage battery, as a commercial article, was introduced into the

market in the year 1881. At that time, and all through the succeeding

years, until about 1905, there was only one type that was recognized as

commercially practicable--namely, that known as the lead-sulphuric-acid

cell, consisting of lead plates immersed in an electrolyte of dilute

sulphuric acid. In the year last named Edison first brought out his new

form of nickel-iron cell with alkaline electrolyte, as we have related

in the preceding narrative. Early in the eighties, at Menlo Park, he had

given much thought to the lead type of storage battery, and during the

course of three years had made a prodigious number of experiments in the

direction of improving it, probably performing more experiments in that

time than the aggregate of those of all other investigators. Even

in those early days he arrived at the conclusion that the

lead-sulphuric-acid combination was intrinsically wrong, and did not

embrace the elements of a permanent commercial device. He did not at

that time, however, engage in a serious search for another form of

storage battery, being tremendously occupied with his lighting system

and other matters.

It may here be noted, for the information of the lay reader, that the

lead-acid type of storage battery consists of two or more lead plates

immersed in dilute sulphuric acid and contained in a receptacle of

glass, hard rubber, or other special material not acted upon by acid.

The plates are prepared and "formed" in various ways, and the chemical

actions are similar to those above stated, the positive plate being

oxidized and the negative reduced during "charge," and reversed during

"discharge." This type of cell, however, has many serious disadvantages

inherent to its very nature. We will name a few of them briefly.

Constant dropping of fine particles of active material often causes

short-circuiting of the plates, and always necessitates occasional

washing out of cells; deterioration through "sulphation" if discharge

is continued too far or if recharging is not commenced quickly enough;

destruction of adjacent metalwork by the corrosive fumes given out

during charge and discharge; the tendency of lead plates to "buckle"

under certain conditions; the limitation to the use of glass, hard

rubber, or similar containers on account of the action of the acid; and

the immense weight for electrical capacity. The tremendously complex

nature of the chemical reactions which take place in the lead-acid

storage battery also renders it an easy prey to many troublesome

diseases.

In the year 1900, when Edison undertook to invent a storage battery, he

declared it should be a new type into which neither sulphuric nor

any other acid should enter. He said that the intimate and continued

companionship of an acid and a metal was unnatural, and incompatible

with the idea of durability and simplicity. He furthermore stated that

lead was an unmechanical metal for a battery, being heavy and lacking

stability and elasticity, and that as most metals were unaffected by

alkaline solutions, he was going to experiment in that direction. The

soundness of his reasoning is amply justified by the perfection of

results obtained in the new type of storage battery bearing his name,

and now to be described.

The essential technical details of this battery are fully described

in an article written by one of Edison's laboratory staff, Walter

E. Holland, who for many years has been closely identified with the

inventor's work on this cell The article was published in the Electrical

World, New York, April 28, 1910; and the following extracts therefrom

will afford an intelligent comprehension of this invention:

"The 'A' type Edison cell is the outcome of nine years of costly

experimentation and persistent toil on the part of its inventor and his

associates....

"The Edison invention involves the use of an entirely new

voltaic combination in an alkaline electrolyte, in place of the

lead-lead-peroxide combination and acid electrolyte, characteristic of

all other commercial storage batteries. Experience has proven that

this not only secures durability and greater output per unit-weight of

battery, but in addition there is eliminated a long list of troubles and

diseases inherent in the lead-acid combination....

"The principle on which the action of this new battery is based is

the oxidation and reduction of metals in an electrolyte which does not

combine with, and will not dissolve, either the metals or their oxides;

and an electrolyte, furthermore, which, although decomposed by the

action of the battery, is immediately re-formed in equal quantity; and

therefore in effect is a CONSTANT element, not changing in density or in

conductivity.

"A battery embodying this basic principle will have features of great

value where lightness and durability are desiderata. For instance, the

electrolyte, being a constant factor, as explained, is not required in

any fixed and large amount, as is the case with sulphuric acid in the

lead battery; thus the cell may be designed with minimum distancing of

plates and with the greatest economy of space that is consistent with

safe insulation and good mechanical design. Again, the active materials

of the electrodes being insoluble in, and absolutely unaffected by, the

electrolyte, are not liable to any sort of chemical deterioration by

action of the electrolyte--no matter how long continued....

"The electrolyte of the Edison battery is a 21 per cent. solution of

potassium hydrate having, in addition, a small amount of lithium

hydrate. The active metals of the electrodes--which will oxidize and

reduce in this electrolyte without dissolution or chemical

deterioration--are nickel and iron. These active elements are not put in

the plates AS METALS; but one, nickel, in the form of a hydrate, and the

other, iron, as an oxide.

"The containing cases of both kinds of active material (Fig. 1), and

their supporting grids (Fig. 2), as well as the bolts, washers, and nuts

used in assembling (Fig. 3), and even the retaining can and its cover

(Fig. 4), are all made of nickel-plated steel--a material in which

lightness, durability and mechanical strength are most happily

combined, and a material beyond suspicion as to corrosion in an alkaline

electrolyte....

"An essential part of Edison's discovery of active masetials for

an alkaline storage battery was the PREPARATION of these materials.

Metallic powder of iron and nickel, or even oxides of these metals,

prepared in the ordinary way, are not chemically active in a sufficient

degree to work in a battery. It is only when specially prepared iron

oxide of exceeding fineness, and nickel hydrate conforming to certain

physical, as well as chemical, standards can be made that the alkaline

battery is practicable. Needless to say, the working out of the

conditions and processes of manufacture of the materials has involved

great ingenuity and endless experimentation."

The article then treats of Edison's investigations into means for

supporting and making electrical connection with the active materials,

showing some of the difficulties encountered and the various discoveries

made in developing the perfected cell, after which the writer continues

his description of the "A" type cell, as follows:

"It will be seen at once that the construction of the two kinds of plate

is radically different. The negative or iron plate (Fig. 5) has the

familiar flat-pocket construction. Each negative contains twenty-four

pockets--a pocket being 1/2 inch wide by 3 inches long, and having a

maximum thickness of a little more than 1/8 inch. The positive or nickel

plate (Fig. 6) is seen to consist of two rows of round rods or pencils,

thirty in number, held in a vertical position by a steel support-frame.

The pencils have flat flanges at the ends (formed by closing in the

metal case), by which they are supported and electrical connection is

made. The frame is slit at the inner horizontal edges, and then folded

in such a way as to make individual clamping-jaws for each end-flange.

The clamping-in is done at great pressure, and the resultant plate has

great rigidity and strength.

"The perforated tubes into which the nickel active material is loaded

are made of nickel-plated steel of high quality. They are put together

with a double-lapped spiral seam to give expansion-resisting qualities,

and as an additional precaution small metal rings are slipped on the

outside. Each tube is 1/4 inch in diameter by 4 1/8 inches long, add has

eight of the reinforcing rings.

"It will be seen that the 'A' positive plate has been given the

theoretically best design to prevent expansion and overcome trouble from

that cause. Actual tests, long continued under very severe conditions,

have shown that the construction is right, and fulfils the most sanguine

expectations."

Mr. Holland in his article then goes on to explain the development of

the nickel flakes as the conducting factor in the positive element, but

as this has already been described in Chapter XXII, we shall pass on to

a later point, where he says:

"An idea of the conditions inside a loaded tube can best be had by

microscopic examination. Fig. 7 shows a magnified section of a regularly

loaded tube which has been sawed lengthwise. The vertical bounding walls

are edges of the perforated metal containing tube; the dark horizontal

lines are layers of nickel flake, while the light-colored thicker layers

represent the nickel hydrate. It should be noted that the layers of

flake nickel extend practically unbroken across the tube and make

contact with the metal wall at both sides. These metal layers conduct

current to or from the active nickel hydrate in all parts of the tube

very efficiently. There are about three hundred and fifty layers of

each kind of material in a 4 1/8-inch tube, each layer of nickel hydrate

being about 0.01 inch thick; so it will be seen that the current does

not have to penetrate very far into the nickel hydrate--one-half a

layer's thickness being the maximum distance. The perforations of

the containing tube, through which the electrolyte reaches the active

material, are also shown in Fig. 7."

In conclusion, the article enumerates the chief characteristics of the

Edison storage battery which fit it preeminently for transportation

service, as follows: 1. No loss of active material, hence no

sediment short-circuits. 2. No jar breakage. 3. Possibility of quick

disconnection or replacement of any cell without employment of skilled

labor. 4. Impossibility of "buckling" and harmlessness of a dead

short-circuit. 5. Simplicity of care required. 6. Durability of

materials and construction. 7. Impossibility of "sulphation." 8. Entire

absence of corrosive fumes. 9. Commercial advantages of light weight.

10. Duration on account of its dependability. 11. Its high practical

efficiency.

XIX. EDISON'S POURED CEMENT HOUSE

THE inventions that have been thus far described fall into two

classes--first, those that were fundamental in the great arts and

industries which have been founded and established upon them, and,

second, those that have entered into and enlarged other arts that were

previously in existence. On coming to consider the subject now under

discussion, however, we find ourselves, at this writing, on the

threshold of an entirely new and undeveloped art of such boundless

possibilities that its ultimate extent can only be a matter of

conjecture.

Edison's concrete house, however, involves two main considerations,

first of which was the conception or creation of the IDEA--vast and

comprehensive--of providing imperishable and sanitary homes for

the wage-earner by molding an entire house in one piece in a single

operation, so to speak, and so simply that extensive groups of such

dwellings could be constructed rapidly and at very reasonable cost. With

this idea suggested, one might suppose that it would be a simple matter

to make molds and pour in a concrete mixture. Not so, however. And here

the second consideration presents itself. An ordinary cement mixture is

composed of crushed stone, sand, cement, and water. If such a mixture

be poured into deep molds the heavy stone and sand settle to the bottom.

Should the mixture be poured into a horizontal mold, like the floor of

a house, the stone and sand settle, forming an ununiform mass. It was

at this point that invention commenced, in order to produce a concrete

mixture which would overcome this crucial difficulty. Edison, with

characteristic thoroughness, took up a line of investigation, and after

a prolonged series of experiments succeeded in inventing a mixture that

upon hardening remained uniform throughout its mass. In the beginning

of his experimentation he had made the conditions of test very severe by

the construction of forms similar to that shown in the sketch below.

This consisted of a hollow wooden form of the dimensions indicated.

The mixture was to be poured into the hopper until the entire form was

filled, such mixture flowing down and along the horizontal legs and up

the vertical members. It was to be left until the mixture was hard, and

the requirement of the test was that there should be absolute uniformity

of mixture and mass throughout. This was finally accomplished, and

further invention then proceeded along engineering lines looking toward

the devising of a system of molds with which practicable dwellings might

be cast.

Edison's boldness and breadth of conception are well illustrated in his

idea of a poured house, in which he displays his accustomed tendency

to reverse accepted methods. In fact, it is this very reversal of usual

procedure that renders it difficult for the average mind to instantly

grasp the full significance of the principles involved and the results

attained.

Up to this time we have been accustomed to see the erection of a house

begun at the foundation and built up slowly, piece by piece, of solid

materials: first the outer frame, then the floors and inner walls,

followed by the stairways, and so on up to the putting on of the roof.

Hence, it requires a complete rearrangement of mental conceptions to

appreciate Edison's proposal to build a house FROM THE TOP DOWNWARD, in

a few hours, with a freely flowing material poured into molds, and in

a few days to take away the molds and find a complete indestructible

sanitary house, including foundation, frame, floors, walls, stairways,

chimneys, sanitary arrangements, and roof, with artistic ornamentation

inside and out, all in one solid piece, as if it were graven or bored

out of a rock.

To bring about the accomplishment of a project so extraordinarily broad

involves engineering and mechanical conceptions of a high order, and, as

we have seen, these have been brought to bear on the subject by Edison,

together with an intimate knowledge of compounded materials.

The main features of this invention are easily comprehensible with the

aid of the following diagrammatic sectional sketch:

It should be first understood that the above sketch is in broad outline,

without elaboration, merely to illustrate the working principle; and

while the upright structure on the right is intended to represent a

set of molds in position to form a three-story house, with cellar, no

regular details of such a building (such as windows, doors, stairways,

etc.) are here shown, as they would only tend to complicate an

explanation.

It will be noted that there are really two sets of molds, an inside and

an outside set, leaving a space between them throughout. Although not

shown in the sketch, there is in practice a number of bolts passing

through these two sets of molds at various places to hold them together

in their relative positions. In the open space between the molds there

are placed steel rods for the purpose of reinforcement; while all

through the entire structure provision is made for water and steam

pipes, gas-pipes and electric-light wires being placed in appropriate

positions as the molds are assembled.

At the centre of the roof there will be noted a funnel-shaped opening.

Into this there is delivered by the endless chain of buckets shown on

the left a continuous stream of a special free-flowing concrete mixture.

This mixture descends by gravity, and gradually fills the entire

space between the two sets of molds. The delivery of the material--or

"pouring," as it is called--is continued until every part of the

space is filled and the mixture is even with the tip of the roof,

thus completing the pouring, or casting, of the house. In a few days

afterward the concrete will have hardened sufficiently to allow the

molds to be taken away leaving an entire house, from cellar floor to the

peak of the roof, complete in all its parts, even to mantels and picture

molding, and requiring only windows and doors, plumbing, heating, and

lighting fixtures to make it ready for habitation.

In the above sketch the concrete mixers, A, B, are driven by the

electric motor, C. As the material is mixed it descends into the tank,

D, and flows through a trough into a lower tank, E, in which it is

constantly stirred, and from which it is taken by the endless chain

of buckets and dumped into the funnel-shaped opening at the top of the

molds, as above described.

The molds are made of cast-iron in sections of such size and weight as

will be most convenient for handling, mostly in pieces not exceeding two

by four feet in rectangular dimensions. The subjoined sketch shows

an exterior view of several of these molds as they appear when bolted

together, the intersecting central portions representing ribs, which are

included as part of the casting for purposes of strength and rigidity.

The molds represented above are those for straight work, such as walls

and floors. Those intended for stairways, eaves, cornices, windows,

doorways, etc., are much more complicated in design, although the same

general principles are employed in their construction.

While the philosophy of pouring or casting a complete house in its

entirety is apparently quite simple, the development of the engineering

and mechanical questions involves the solution of a vast number of most

intricate and complicated problems covering not only the building as

a whole, but its numerous parts, down to the minutest detail. Safety,

convenience, duration, and the practical impossibility of altering

a one-piece solid dwelling are questions that must be met before its

construction, and therefore Edison has proceeded calmly on his way

toward the goal he has ever had clearly in mind, with utter indifference

to the criticisms and jeers of those who, as "experts," have professed

positive knowledge of the impossibility of his carrying out this daring

scheme.

LIST OF UNITED STATES PATENTS

List of United States patents granted to Thomas A. Edison, arranged

according to dates of execution of applications for such patents. This

list shows the inventions as Mr. Edison has worked upon them from year

to year

1868

NO. TITLE OF PATENT DATE EXECUTED DATE EXECUTED

90,646, Electrographic Vote Recorder . . . . .Oct. 13, 1868

1869

91,527 Printing Telegraph (reissued October

25, 1870, numbered 4166, and August

5, 1873, numbered 5519). . . . . . . .Jan. 25, 1869

96,567 Apparatus for Printing Telegraph (reissued

February 1, 1870, numbered

3820). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Aug. 17, 1869

96,681 Electrical Switch for Telegraph Apparatus Aug. 27, 1869

102,320 Printing Telegraph--Pope and Edison

(reissued April 17, 1877, numbered

7621, and December 9, 1884, numbered

10,542). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Sept. 16, 1869

103,924 Printing Telegraphs--Pope and Edison

(reissued August 5, 1873)

1870

103,035 Electromotor Escapement. . . . . . . . Feb. 5, 1870

128,608 Printing Telegraph Instruments . . . . .May 4, 1870

114,656 Telegraph Transmitting Instruments . .June 22, 1870

114,658 Electro Magnets for Telegraph

Instruments. . . . . . . . . . . . . .June 22, 1870

114,657 Relay Magnets for Telegraph

Instruments. . . . . . . . . . . . . .Sept. 6, 1870

111,112 Electric Motor Governors . . . . . . .June 29, 1870

113,033 Printing Telegraph Apparatus . . . . .Nov. 17, 1870

1871

113,034 Printing Telegraph Apparatus . . . . .Jan. 10, 1871

123,005 Telegraph Apparatus. . . . . . . . . .July 26, 1871

123,006 Printing Telegraph . . . . . . . . . .July 26, 1871

123,984 Telegraph Apparatus. . . . . . . . . .July 26, 1871

124,800 Telegraphic Recording Instruments. . .Aug. 12, 1871

121,601 Machinery for Perforating Paper for

Telegraph Purposes . . . . . . . . . .Aug. 16, 1871

126,535 Printing Telegraphs. . . . . . . . . .Nov. 13, 1871

133,841 Typewriting Machine. . . . . . . . . .Nov. 13, 1871

1872

126,532 Printing Telegraphs. . . . . . . . . . .Jan. 3 1872

126,531 Printing Telegraphs. . . . . . . . . .Jan. 17, 1872

126,534 Printing Telegraphs. . . . . . . . . .Jan. 17, 1872

126,528 Type Wheels for Printing Telegraphs. .Jan. 23, 1872

126,529 Type Wheels for Printing Telegraphs. .Jan. 23, 1872

126,530 Printing Telegraphs. . . . . . . . . .Feb. 14, 1872

126,533 Printing Telegraphs. . . . . . . . . .Feb. 14, 1872

132,456 Apparatus for Perforating Paper for

Telegraphic Use. . . . . . . . . . . March 15, 1872

132,455 Improvement in Paper for Chemical

Telegraphs . . . . . . . . . . . . . April 10, 1872

133,019 Electrical Printing Machine. . . . . April 18, 1872

128,131 Printing Telegraphs. . . . . . . . . April 26, 1872

128,604 Printing Telegraphs. . . . . . . . . April 26, 1872

128,605 Printing Telegraphs. . . . . . . . . April 26, 1872

128,606 Printing Telegraphs. . . . . . . . . April 26, 1872

128,607 Printing Telegraphs. . . . . . . . . April 26, 1872

131,334 Rheotomes or Circuit Directors . . . . .May 6, 1872

134,867 Automatic Telegraph Instruments. . . . .May 8, 1872

134,868 Electro Magnetic Adjusters . . . . . . .May 8, 1872

130,795 Electro Magnets. . . . . . . . . . . . .May 9, 1872

131,342 Printing Telegraphs. . . . . . . . . . .May 9, 1872

131,341 Printing Telegraphs. . . . . . . . . . May 28, 1872

131,337 Printing Telegraphs. . . . . . . . . .June 10, 1872

131,340 Printing Telegraphs. . . . . . . . . .June 10, 1872

131,343 Transmitters and Circuits for Printing

Telegraph. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .June 10, 1872

131,335 Printing Telegraphs. . . . . . . . . .June 15, 1872

131,336 Printing Telegraphs. . . . . . . . . .June 15, 1872

131,338 Printing Telegraphs. . . . . . . . . .June 29, 1872

131,339 Printing Telegraphs. . . . . . . . . .June 29, 1872

131,344 Unison Stops for Printing Telegraphs .June 29, 1872

134,866 Printing and Telegraph Instruments . .Oct. 16, 1872

138,869 Printing Telegraphs. . . . . . . . . .Oct. 16, 1872

142,999 Galvanic Batteries . . . . . . . . . .Oct. 31, 1872

141,772 Automatic or Chemical Telegraphs . . . Nov. 5, 1872

135,531 Circuits for Chemical Telegraphs . . . Nov. 9, 1872

146,812 Telegraph Signal Boxes . . . . . . . .Nov. 26, 1872

141,773 Circuits for Automatic Telegraphs. . .Dec. 12, 1872

141,776 Circuits for Automatic Telegraphs. . .Dec. 12, 1872

150,848 Chemical or Automatic Telegraphs . . .Dec. 12, 1872

1873

139,128 Printing Telegraphs. . . . . . . . . .Jan. 21, 1873

139,129 Printing Telegraphs. . . . . . . . . .Feb. 13, 1873

140,487 Printing Telegraphs. . . . . . . . . .Feb. 13, 1873

140,489 Printing Telegraphs. . . . . . . . . .Feb. 13, 1873

138,870 Printing Telegraphs. . . . . . . . . .March 7, 1873

141,774 Chemical Telegraphs. . . . . . . . . .March 7, 1873

141,775 Perforator for Automatic Telegraphs. .March 7, 1873

141,777 Relay Magnets. . . . . . . . . . . . .March 7, 1873

142,688 Electric Regulators for Transmitting

Instruments . . . . . . . . . . . . . .March 7, 1873

156,843 Duplex Chemical Telegraphs . . . . . .March 7, 1873

147,312 Perforators for Automatic Telegraphy March 24, 1873

147,314 Circuits for Chemical Telegraphs . . March 24, 1873

150,847 Receiving Instruments for Chemical

Telegraphs . . . . . . . . . . . . . March 24, 1873

140,488 Printing Telegraphs. . . . . . . . . April 23, 1873

147,311 Electric Telegraphs. . . . . . . . . April 23, 1873

147,313 Chemical Telegraphs. . . . . . . . . April 23, 1873

147,917 Duplex Telegraphs. . . . . . . . . . April 23, 1873

150,846 Telegraph Relays . . . . . . . . . . April 23, 1873

160,405 Adjustable Electro Magnets for

Relays, etc. . . . . . . . . . . . . April 23, 1873

162,633 Duplex Telegraphs. . . . . . . . . . April 22, 1873

151,209 Automatic Telegraphy and Perforators

Therefor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Aug. 25, 1873

160,402 Solutions for Chemical Telegraph PaperSept. 29, 1873

160,404 Solutions for Chemical Telegraph PaperSept. 29, 1873

160,580 Solutions for Chemical Telegraph PaperOct. 14, 1873

160,403 Solutions for Chemical Telegraph PaperOct. 29, 1873

1874

154,788 District Telegraph Signal Box. . . . .April 2, 1874

168,004 Printing Telegraph . . . . . . . . . . May 22, 1874

166,859 Chemical Telegraphy. . . . . . . . . . June 1, 1874

166,860 Chemical Telegraphy. . . . . . . . . . June 1, 1874

166,861 Chemical Telegraphy. . . . . . . . . . June 1, 1874

158,787 Telegraph Apparatus. . . . . . . . . . Aug. 7, 1874

172,305 Automatic Roman Character

Telegraph. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Aug. 7, 1874

173,718 Automatic Telegraphy . . . . . . . . . Aug. 7, 1874

178,221 Duplex Telegraphs. . . . . . . . Aug. 19, 1874

178,222 Duplex Telegraphs. . . . . . . . . . .Aug. 19, 1874

178,223 Duplex Telegraphs. . . . . . . . . . .Aug. 19, 1874

180,858 Duplex Telegraphs. . . . . . . . . . .Aug. 19, 1874

207,723 Duplex Telegraphs. . . . . . . . . . .Aug. 19, 1874

480,567 Duplex Telegraphs. . . . . . . . . . .Aug. 19, 1874

207,724 Duplex Telegraphs. . . . . . . . . . .Dec. 14, 1874

1875

168,242 Transmitter and Receiver for Automatic

Telegraph. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Jan. 18, 1875

168,243 Automatic Telegraphs . . . . . . . . .Jan. 18, 1875

168,385 Duplex Telegraphs. . . . . . . . . . .Jan. 18, 1875

168,466 Solution for Chemical Telegraphs . . .Jan. 18, 1875

168,467 Recording Point for Chemical Telegraph Jan. 18, 1875

195,751 Automatic Telegraphs . . . . . . . . . Jan. 18 1875

195,752 Automatic Telegraphs . . . . . . . . .Jan. 19, 1875

171,273 Telegraph Apparatus. . . . . . . . . . Feb 11, 1875

169,972 Electric Signalling Instrument . . . . Feb 24, 1875

209,241 Quadruplex Telegraph Repeaters (reissued

September 23, 1879, numbered

8906). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Feb 24, 1875

1876

180,857 Autographic Printing . . . . . . . . .March 7, 1876

198,088 Telephonic Telegraphs. . . . . . . . .April 3, 1876

198,089 Telephonic or Electro Harmonic

Telegraphs . . . . . . . . . . . . . .April 3, 1876

182,996 Acoustic Telegraphs. . . . . . . . . . .May 9, 1876

186,330 Acoustic Electric Telegraphs . . . . . .May 9, 1876

186,548 Telegraph Alarm and Signal Apparatus . .May 9, 1876

198,087 Telephonic Telegraphs. . . . . . . . . .May 9, 1876

185,507 Electro Harmonic Multiplex Telegraph .Aug. 16, 1876

200,993 Acoustic Telegraph . . . . . . . . . .Aug. 26, 1876

235,142 Acoustic Telegraph . . . . . . . . . .Aug. 26, 1876

200,032 Synchronous Movements for Electric

Telegraphs . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Oct. 30, 1876

200,994 Automatic Telegraph Perforator and

Transmitter. . . . . . . . . . . . . .Oct. 30, 1876

1877

205,370 Pneumatic Stencil Pens . . . . . . . . Feb. 3, 1877

213,554 Automatic Telegraphs . . . . . . . . . Feb. 3, 1877

196,747 Stencil Pens . . . . . . . . . . . . April 18, 1877

203,329 Perforating Pens . . . . . . . . . . April 18, 1877

474,230 Speaking Telegraph . . . . . . . . . April 18, 1877

217,781 Sextuplex Telegraph. . . . . . . . . . .May 8, 1877

230,621 Addressing Machine . . . . . . . . . . .May 8, 1877

377,374 Telegraphy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .May 8, 1877

453,601 Sextuplex Telegraph. . . . . . . . . . May 31, 1877

452,913 Sextuplex Telegraph. . . . . . . . . . May 31, 1877

512,872 Sextuplex Telegraph. . . . . . . . . . May 31, 1877

474,231 Speaking Telegraph . . . . . . . . . . July 9, 1877

203,014 Speaking Telegraph . . . . . . . . . .July 16, 1877

208,299 Speaking Telegraph . . . . . . . . . .July 16, 1877

203,015 Speaking Telegraph . . . . . . . . . .Aug. 16, 1877

420,594 Quadruplex Telegraph . . . . . . . . .Aug. 16, 1877

492,789 Speaking Telegraph . . . . . . . . . .Aug. 31, 1877

203,013 Speaking Telegraph . . . . . . . . . . Dec. 8, 1877

203 018 Telephone or Speaking Telegraph. . . . Dec. 8, 1877

200 521 Phonograph or Speaking Machine . . . .Dec. 15, 1877

1878

203,019 Circuit for Acoustic or Telephonic

Telegraphs . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Feb. 13, 1878

201,760 Speaking Machines. . . . . . . . . . .Feb. 28, 1878

203,016 Speaking Machines. . . . . . . . . . .Feb. 28, 1878

203,017 Telephone Call Signals . . . . . . . .Feb. 28, 1878

214,636 Electric Lights. . . . . . . . . . . . Oct. 5, 1878

222,390 Carbon Telephones. . . . . . . . . . . Nov. 8, 1878

217,782 Duplex Telegraphs. . . . . . . . . . .Nov. 11, 1878

214,637 Thermal Regulator for Electric Lights.Nov. 14, 1878

210,767 Vocal Engines. . . . . . . . . . . . .Aug. 31, 1878

218,166 Magneto Electric Machines. . . . . . . Dec. 3, 1878

218,866 Electric Lighting Apparatus. . . . . . Dec. 3, 1878

219,628 Electric Lights. . . . . . . . . . . . Dec. 3, 1878

295,990 Typewriter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Dec. 4, 1878

218,167 Electric Lights. . . . . . . . . . . .Dec. 31, 1878

1879

224,329 Electric Lighting Apparatus. . . . . .Jan. 23, 1879

227,229 Electric Lights. . . . . . . . . . . .Jan. 28, 1879

227,227 Electric Lights. . . . . . . . . . . . Feb. 6, 1879

224.665 Autographic Stencils for Printing. . March 10, 1879

227.679 Phonograph . . . . . . . . . . . . . March 19, 1879

221,957 Telephone. . . . . . . . . . . . . . March 24, 1879

227,229 Electric Lights. . . . . . . . . . . April 12, 1879

264,643 Magneto Electric Machines. . . . . . April 21, 1879

219,393 Dynamo Electric Machines . . . . . . . July 7, 1879

231,704 Electro Chemical Receiving Telephone .July 17, 1879

266,022 Telephone. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Aug. 1, 1879

252,442 Telephone. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Aug. 4, 1879

222,881 Magneto Electric Machines. . . . . . .Sept. 4, 1879

223,898 Electric Lamp. . . . . . . . . . . . . Nov. 1, 1879

1880

230,255 Electric Lamps . . . . . . . . . . . .Jan. 28, 1880

248,425 Apparatus for Producing High Vacuums Jan.28 1880

265,311 Electric Lamp and Holder for Same. . . Jan. 28 1880

369,280 System of Electrical Distribution. . .Jan. 28, 1880

227,226 Safety Conductor for Electric Lights .March 10,1880

228,617 Brake for Electro Magnetic Motors. . March 10, 1880

251,545 Electric Meter . . . . . . . . . . . March 10, 1880

525,888 Manufacture of Carbons for Electric

Lamps. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . March 10, 1880

264,649 Dynamo or Magneto Electric Machines. March 11,

1880

228,329 Magnetic Ore Separator . . . . . . . .April 3, 1880

238,868 Manufacture of Carbons for Incandescent

Electric Lamps . . . . . . . . . . . April 25, 1880

237,732 Electric Light . . . . . . . . . . . .June 15, 1880

248,417 Manufacturing Carbons for Electric

Lights . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .June 15, 1880

298,679 Treating Carbons for Electric Lights .June 15, 1880

248,430 Electro Magnetic Brake . . . . . . . . July 2, 1880

265,778 Electro Magnetic Railway Engine. . . . July 3, 1880

248,432 Magnetic Separator . . . . . . . . . .July 26, 1880

239,150 Electric Lamp. . . . . . . . . . . . .July 27, 1880

239,372 Testing Electric Light Carbons--Edison

and Batchelor. . . . . . . . . . . . .July 28, 1880

251,540 Carbon Electric Lamps. . . . . . . . .July 28, 1880

263,139 Manufacture of Carbons for Electric

Lamps. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .July 28, 1880

434,585 Telegraph Relay. . . . . . . . . . . .July 29, 1880

248 423 Carbonizer . . . . . . . . . . . . . .July 30, 1880

263 140 Dynamo Electric Machines . . . . . . .July 30, 1880

248,434 Governor for Electric Engines. . . . .July 31, 1880

239,147 System of Electric Lighting. . . . . .July 31, 1880

264,642 Electric Distribution and Translation

System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Aug. 4, 1880

293,433 Insulation of Railroad Tracks used for

Electric Circuits. . . . . . . . . . . Aug. 6, 1880

239,373 Electric Lamp. . . . . . . . . . . . . Aug. 7, 1880

239,745 Electric Lamp. . . . . . . . . . . . . Aug. 7, 1880

263,135 Electric Lamp. . . . . . . . . . . . . Aug. 7, 1880

251,546 Electric Lamp. . . . . . . . . . . . .Aug. 10, 1880

239,153 Electric Lamp. . . . . . . . . . . . .Aug. 11, 1880

351,855 Electric Lamp. . . . . . . . . . . . .Aug. 11, 1880

248,435 Utilizing Electricity as Motive Power.Aug. 12, 1880

263,132 Electro Magnetic Roller. . . . . . . .Aug. 14, 1880

264,645 System of Conductors for the Distribution

of Electricity . . . . . . . . . . . .Sept. 1, 1880

240,678 Webermeter . . . . . . . . . . . . . Sept. 22, 1880

239,152 System of Electric Lighting. . . . . .Oct. 14, 1880

239,148 Treating Carbons for Electric Lights .Oct. 15, 1880

238,098 Magneto Signalling Apparatus--Edison

and Johnson. . . . . . . . . . . . . .Oct. 21, 1880

242,900 Manufacturing Carbons for Electric

Lamps. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Oct. 21, 1880

251,556 Regulator for Magneto or Dynamo

Electric Machines. . . . . . . . . . .Oct. 21, 1880

248,426 Apparatus for Treating Carbons for

Electric Lamps . . . . . . . . . . . . Nov. 5, 1880

239,151 Forming Enlarged Ends on Carbon

Filaments. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Nov. 19, 1880

12,631 Design Patent--Incandescent Electric

Lamp . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Nov. 23, 1880

239,149 Incandescing Electric Lamp . . . . . . Dec. 3, 1880

242,896 Incandescent Electric Lamp . . . . . . Dec. 3, 1880

242,897 Incandescent Electric Lamp . . . . . . Dec. 3, 1880

248,565 Webermeter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Dec. 3, 1880

263,878 Electric Lamp. . . . . . . . . . . . . Dec. 3, 1880

239,154 Relay for Telegraphs . . . . . . . . .Dec. 11, 1880

242,898 Dynamo Electric Machine. . . . . . . .Dec. 11, 1880

248,431 Preserving Fruit . . . . . . . . . . .Dec. 11, 1880

265,777 Treating Carbons for Electric Lamps. .Dec. 11, 1880

239,374 Regulating the Generation of Electric

Currents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Dec. 16, 1880

248,428 Manufacture of Incandescent Electric

Lamps. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Dec. 16, 1880

248,427 Apparatus for Treating Carbons for

Electric Lamps . . . . . . . . . . . .Dec. 21, 1880

248,437 Apparatus for Treating Carbons for

Electric Lamps . . . . . . . . . . . .Dec. 21, 1880

248,416 Manufacture of Carbons for Electric

Lights . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Dec. 30, 1880

1881

242,899 Electric Lighting. . . . . . . . . . .Jan. 19, 1881

248,418 Electric Lamp. . . . . . . . . . . . . Jan. 19 1881

248,433 Vacuum Apparatus . . . . . . . . . . . Jan. 19 1881

251,548 Incandescent Electric Lamps. . . . . .Jan. 19, 1881

406,824 Electric Meter . . . . . . . . . . . .Jan. 19, 1881

248,422 System of Electric Lighting. . . . . .Jan. 20, 1881

431,018 Dynamo or Magneto Electric Machine . . Feb. 3, 1881

242,901 Electric Motor . . . . . . . . . . . .Feb. 24, 1881

248,429 Electric Motor . . . . . . . . . . . .Feb. 24, 1881

248,421 Current Regulator for Dynamo Electric

Machine. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Feb. 25, 1881

251,550 Magneto or Dynamo Electric Machines. .Feb. 26, 1881

251,555 Regulator for Dynamo Electric

Machines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Feb. 26, 1881

482,549 Means for Controlling Electric

Generation . . . . . . . . . . . . . .March 2, 1881

248,420 Fixture and Attachment for Electric

Lamps. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .March 7, 1881

251,553 Electric Chandeliers . . . . . . . . .March 7, 1881

251,554 Electric Lamp and Socket or Holder . .March 7, 1881

248,424 Fitting and Fixtures for Electric

Lamps. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .March 8, 1881

248,419 Electric Lamp. . . . . . . . . . . . March 30, 1881

251,542 System of Electric Light . . . . . . April 19, 1881

263,145 Making Incandescents . . . . . . . . April 19, 1881

266,447 Electric Incandescent Lamp . . . . . April 21, 1881

251,552 Underground Conductors . . . . . . . April 22, 1881

476,531 Electric Lighting System . . . . . . April 22, 1881

248,436 Depositing Cell for Plating the Connections

of Electric Lamps. . . . . . . . . . . May 17, 1881

251,539 Electric Lamp. . . . . . . . . . . . . May 17, 1881

263,136 Regulator for Dynamo or Magneto

Electric Machine . . . . . . . . . . . May 17, 1881

251,557 Webermeter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . May 19, 1881

263,134 Regulator for Magneto Electric

Machine. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . May 19, 1881

251,541 Electro Magnetic Motor . . . . . . . . May 20, 1881

251,544 Manufacture of Electric Lamps. . . . . May 20, 1881

251,549 Electric Lamp and the Manufacture

thereof. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . May 20, 1881

251,558 Webermeter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . May 20, 1881

341,644 Incandescent Electric Lamp . . . . . . May 20, 1881

251,551 System of Electric Lighting. . . . . . May 21, 1881

263,137 Electric Chandelier. . . . . . . . . . May 21, 1881

263,141 Straightening Carbons for Incandescent

Lamps. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . May 21, 1881

264,657 Incandescent Electric Lamps. . . . . . May 21, 1881

251,543 Electric Lamp. . . . . . . . . . . . . May 24, 1881

251,538 Electric Light . . . . . . . . . . . . May 27, 1881

425,760 Measurement of Electricity in Distribution

System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .May 3 1, 1881

251,547 Electrical Governor. . . . . . . . . . June 2, 1881

263,150 Magneto or Dynamo Electric Machines. June 3, 1881

263,131 Magnetic Ore Separator . . . . . . . . June 4, 1881

435,687 Means for Charging and Using Secondary

Batteries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .June 21, 1881

263,143 Magneto or Dynamo Electric Machines. .June 24, 1881

251,537 Dynamo Electric Machine. . . . . . . .June 25, 1881

263,147 Vacuum Apparatus . . . . . . . . . . .July 1, 188 1

439,389 Electric Lighting System . . . . . . . July 1, 1881

263,149 Commutator for Dynamo or Magneto

Electric Machines. . . . . . . . . . .July 22, 1881

479,184 Facsimile Telegraph--Edison and Kenny.July 26, 1881

400,317 Ore Separator. . . . . . . . . . . . .Aug. 11, 1881

425,763 Commutator for Dynamo Electric

Machines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Aug. 20, 1881

263,133 Dynamo or Magneto Electric Machine . .Aug. 24, 1881

263,142 Electrical Distribution System . . . .Aug. 24, 1881

264,647 Dynamo or Magneto Electric Machines. .Aug. 24, 1881

404,902 Electrical Distribution System . . . .Aug. 24, 1881

257,677 Telephone. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Sept. 7, 1881

266,021 Telephone. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Sept. 7, 1881

263,144 Mold for Carbonizing Incandescents . Sept. 19, 1881

265,774 Maintaining Temperatures in

Webermeters. . . . . . . . . . . . . Sept. 21, 1881

264,648 Dynamo or Magneto Electric Machines. Sept. 23, 1881

265,776 Electric Lighting System . . . . . . Sept. 27, 1881

524,136 Regulator for Dynamo Electrical

Machines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Sept. 27, 1881

273,715 Malleableizing Iron. . . . . . . . . . Oct. 4, 1881

281,352 Webermeter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Oct. 5, 1881

446,667 Locomotives for Electric Railways. . .Oct. 11, 1881

288,318 Regulator for Dynamo or Magneto

Electric Machines. . . . . . . . . . .Oct. 17, 1881

263,148 Dynamo or Magneto Electric Machines. Oct. 25, 1881

264,646 Dynamo or Magneto Electric Machines. Oct. 25, 1881

251,559 Electrical Drop Light. . . . . . . . .Oct. 25, 1881

266,793 Electric Distribution System . . . . .Oct. 25, 1881

358,599 Incandescent Electric Lamp . . . . . .Oct. 29, 1881

264,673 Regulator for Dynamo Electric Machine. Nov. 3, 1881

263,138 Electric Arc Light . . . . . . . . . . Nov. 7, 1881

265,775 Electric Arc Light . . . . . . . . . . .Nov. 7 1881

297,580 Electric Arc Light . . . . . . . . . . .Nov. 7 1881

263,146 Dynamo Magneto Electric Machines . . .Nov. 22, 1881

266,588 Vacuum Apparatus . . . . . . . . . . .Nov. 25, 1881

251,536 Vacuum Pump. . . . . . . . . . . . . . Dec. 5, 1881

264,650 Manufacturing Incandescent Electric

Lamps. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Dec. 5, 1881

264,660 Regulator for Dynamo Electric

Machines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Dec. 5, 1881

379,770 Incandescent Electric Lamp . . . . . . Dec. 5, 1881

293,434 Incandescent Electric Lamp . . . . . . Dec. 5, 1881

439,391 Junction Box for Electric Wires. . . . Dec. 5, 1881

454,558 Incandescent Electric Lamp . . . . . . Dec. 5, 1881

264,653 Incandescent Electric Lamp . . . . . .Dec. 13, 1881

358,600 Incandescing Electric Lamp . . . . . .Dec. 13, 1881

264,652 Incandescent Electric Lamp . . . . . .Dec. 15, 1881

278,419 Dynamo Electric Machines . . . . . . .Dec. 15, 1881

1882

265,779 Regulator for Dynamo Electric

Machines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Jan. 17, 1882

264,654 Incandescent Electric Lamps. . . . . .Feb. 10, 1882

264,661 Regulator for Dynamo Electric Machines Feb. 10, 1882

264,664 Regulator for Dynamo Electric Machines Feb. 10, 1882

264,668 Regulator for Dynamo Electric Machines Feb. 10, 1882

264,669 Regulator for Dynamo Electric

Machines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Feb. 10, 1882

264,671 Regulator for Dynamo Electric

Machines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Feb. 10, 1882

275,613 Incandescing Electric Lamp . . . . . .Feb. 10, 1882

401,646 Incandescing Electric Lamp . . . . . .Feb. 10, 1882

264,658 Regulator for Dynamo Electric

Machines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Feb. 28, 1882

264,659 Regulator for Dynamo Electric

Machines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Feb. 28, 1882

265,780 Regulator for Dynamo Electric

Machines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Feb. 28, 1882

265,781 Regulator for Dynamo Electric

Machines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Feb. 28, 1882

278,416 Manufacture of Incandescent Electric

Lamps. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Feb. 28, 1882

379,771 Regulator for Dynamo Electric

Machines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Feb. 28, 1882

272,034 Telephone. . . . . . . . . . . . . . March 30, 1882

274,576 Transmitting Telephone . . . . . . . March 30, 1882

274,577 Telephone. . . . . . . . . . . . . . March 30, 1882

264,662 Regulator for Dynamo Electric

Machines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .May 1, 1882

264,663 Regulator for Dynamo Electric

Machines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .May 1, 1882

264,665 Regulator for Dynamo Electric

Machines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .May 1, 1882

264,666 Regulator for Dynamo Electric

Machines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .May 1, 1882

268,205 Dynamo or Magneto Electric

Machine. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .May 1, 1882

273,488 Regulator for Dynamo Electric

Machines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .May 1, 1882

273,492 Secondary Battery. . . . . . . . . . . May 19, 1882

460,122 Process of and Apparatus for

Generating Electricity . . . . . . . . May 19, 1882

466,460 Electrolytic Decomposition . . . . . .May 19,. 1882

264,672 Regulator for Dynamo Electric

Machines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . May 22, 1882

264,667 Regulator for Dynamo Electric

Machines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . May 22, 1882

265,786 Apparatus for Electrical Transmission

of Power . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . May 22, 1882

273,828 System of Underground Conductors of

Electric Distribution. . . . . . . . . May 22, 1882

379,772 System of Electrical Distribution. . . May 22, 1882

274,292 Secondary Battery. . . . . . . . . . . June 3, 1882

281,353 Dynamo or Magneto Electric Machine . . June 3, 1882

287,523 Dynamo or Magneto Electric Machine . . June 3, 1882

365,509 Filament for Incandescent Electric

Lamps. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .June 3 1882

446,668 Electric Are Light . . . . . . . . . . .June 3 1882

543,985 Incandescent Conductor for Electric

Lamps. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . June 3, 1882

264,651 Incandescent Electric Lamps. . . . . . June 9, 1882

264,655 Incandescing Electric Lamps. . . . . . June 9, 1882

264,670 Regulator for Dynamo Electric

Machines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . June 9, 1882

273,489 Turn-Table for Electric Railway. . . . June 9, 1882

273,490 Electro Magnetic Railway System. . . . June 9, 1882

401,486 System of Electric Lighting. . . . . .June 12, 1882

476,527 System of Electric Lighting. . . . . .June 12, 1882

439,390 Electric Lighting System . . . . . . .June 19, 1882

446,666 System of Electric Lighting. . . . . .June 19, 1882

464,822 System of Distributing Electricity . .June 19, 1882

304,082 Electrical Meter . . . . . . . . . . .June 24, 1882

274,296 Manufacture of Incandescents . . . . . July 5, 1882

264,656 Incandescent Electric Lamp . . . . . . July 7, 1882

265,782 Regulator for Dynamo Electric Machines July 7, 1882

265,783 Regulator for Dynamo Electric Machines July 7, 1882

265,784 Regulator for Dynamo Electric Machines July 7, 1882

265,785 Dynamo Electric Machine. . . . . . . . July 7, 1882

273,494 Electrical Railroad. . . . . . . . . . July 7, 1882

278,418 Translating Electric Currents from High

to Low Tension . . . . . . . . . . . . July 7, 1882

293,435 Electrical Meter . . . . . . . . . . . July 7, 1882

334,853 Mold for Carbonizing . . . . . . . . . July 7, 1882

339,278 Electric Railway . . . . . . . . . . . July 7, 1882

273,714 Magnetic Electric Signalling

Apparatus. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Aug. 5, 1882

282,287 Magnetic Electric Signalling

Apparatus. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Aug. 5, 1882

448,778 Electric Railway . . . . . . . . . . . Aug. 5, 1882

439,392 Electric Lighting System . . . . . . .Aug. 12, 1882

271,613 Manufacture of Incandescent Electric

Lamps. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Aug. 25, 1882

287,518 Manufacture of Incandescent Electric

Lamps. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Aug. 25, 1882

406,825 Electric Meter . . . . . . . . . . . .Aug. 25, 1882

439,393 Carbonizing Chamber. . . . . . . . . .Aug. 25, 1882

273,487 Regulator for Dynamo Electric Machines Sept. 12, 1882

297,581 Incandescent Electric Lamp . . . . . Sept. 12, 1882

395,962 Manufacturing Electric Lamps . . . . Sept. 16, 1882

287,525 Regulator for Systems of Electrical

Distribution--Edison and C. L.

Clarke . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Oct. 4, 1882

365,465 Valve Gear . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Oct. 5, 1882

317,631 Incandescent Electric Lamp . . . . . . Oct. 7, 1882

307,029 Filament for Incandescent Lamp . . . . Oct. 9, 1882

268,206 Incandescing Electric Lamp . . . . . .Oct. 10, 1882

273,486 Incandescing Electric Lamp . . . . . .Oct. 12, 1882

274,293 Electric Lamp. . . . . . . . . . . . .Oct. 14, 1882

275,612 Manufacture of Incandescent Electric

Lamps. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Oct. 14, 1882

430,932 Manufacture of Incandescent Electric

Lamps. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Oct. 14, 1882

271,616 Regulator for Dynamo Electric

Machines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Oct. 16, 1882

543,986 Process for Treating Products Derived

from Vegetable Fibres. . . . . . . . .Oct. 17, 1882

543,987 Filament for Incandescent Lamps. . . .Oct. 17, 1882

271,614 Shafting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Oct. 19, 1882

271,615 Governor for Dynamo Electric

Machines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Oct. 19, 1882

273,491 Regulator for Driving Engines of

Electrical Generators. . . . . . . . .Oct. 19, 1882

273,493 Valve Gear for Electrical Generator

Engines. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Oct. 19, 1882

411,016 Manufacturing Carbon Filaments . . . .Oct. 19, 1882

492,150 Coating Conductors for Incandescent

Lamps. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Oct. 19, 1882

273,485 Incandescent Electric Lamps. . . . . .Oct. 26, 1882

317,632 Incandescent Electric Lamps. . . . . .Oct. 26, 1882

317,633 Incandescent Electric Lamps. . . . . .Oct. 26, 1882

287,520 Incandescing Conductor for Electric

Lamps. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nov. 3, 1882

353,783 Incandescent Electric Lamp . . . . . . Nov. 3, 1882

430,933 Filament for Incandescent Lamps. . . . Nov. 3, 1882

274,294 Incandescent Electric Lamp . . . . . .Nov. 13, 1882

281,350 Regulator for Dynamo Electric

Machines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Nov. 13, 1882

274,295 Incandescent Electric Lamp . . . . . .Nov. 14, 1882

276,233 Electrical Generator and Motor . . . .Nov. 14, 1882

274,290 System of Electrical Distribution. . .Nov. 20, 1882

274,291 Mold for Carbonizer. . . . . . . . . .Nov. 28, 1882

278,413 Regulator for Dynamo Electric MachinesNov. 28, 1882

278,414 Regulator for Dynamo Electric

Machines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Nov. 28, 1882

287,519 Manufacturing Incandescing Electric

Lamps. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Nov. 28, 1882

287,524 Regulator for Dynamo Electric

Machines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Nov. 28, 1882

438,298 Manufacture of Incandescent Electric

Lamps. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Nov. 28, 1882

276,232 Operating and Regulating Electrical

Generators . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Dec. 20, 1882

1883

278,415 Manufacture of Incandescent Electric

Lamps. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Jan. 13, 1883

278,417 Manufacture of Incandescent Electric

Lamps. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Jan. 13, 1883

281,349 Regulator for Dynamo Electric

Machines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Jan. 13, 1883

283,985 System of Electrical Distribution. . . Jan. 13 1883

283,986 System o' Electrical Distribution. . . Jan. 13 1883

459,835 Manufacture of Incandescent Electric

Lamps. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Jan. 13, 1883

13,940 Design Patent--Incandescing Electric

Lamp . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Feb. 13 1883

280,727 System of Electrical Distribution. . . Feb. 13 1883

395,123 Circuit Controller for Dynamo Machine.Feb. 13, 1883

287,521 Dynamo or Magneto Electric Machine . .Feb. 17, 1883

287,522 Molds for Carbonizing. . . . . . . . .Feb. 17, 1883

438,299 Manufacture of Carbon Filaments. . . .Feb. 17, 1883

446,669 Manufacture of Filaments for Incandescent

Electric Lamps . . . . . . . . . . . .Feb. 17, 1883

476,528 Incandescent Electric Lamp . . . . . .Feb. 17, 1883

281,351 Electrical Generator . . . . . . . . .March 5, 1883

283,984 System of Electrical Distribution. . .March 5, 1883

287,517 System of Electrical Distribution. . .March 14,1883

283,983 System of Electrical Distribution. . .April 5, 1883

354,310 Manufacture of Carbon Conductors . . .April 6, 1883

370,123 Electric Meter . . . . . . . . . . . .April 6, 1883

411,017 Carbonizing Flask. . . . . . . . . . .April 6, 1883

370,124 Manufacture of Filament for Incandescing

Electric Lamp. . . . . . . . . . . . April 12, 1883

287,516 System of Electrical Distribution. . . .May 8, 1883

341,839 Incandescent Electric Lamp . . . . . . .May 8, 1883

398,774 Incandescent Electric Lamp . . . . . . .May 8, 1883

370,125 Electrical Transmission of Power . . . June 1, 1883

370,126 Electrical Transmission of Power . . . June 1, 1883

370,127 Electrical Transmission of Power . . . June 1, 1883

370,128 Electrical Transmission of Power . . . June 1, 1883

370,129 Electrical Transmission of Power . . . June 1, 1883

370,130 Electrical Transmission of Power . . . June 1, 1883

370,131 Electrical Transmission of Power . . . June 1, 1883

438,300 Gauge for Testing Fibres for

Incandescent Lamp Carbons. . . . . . . June 1, 1883

287,511 Electric Regulator . . . . . . . . . .June 25, 1883

287,512 Dynamo Electric Machine. . . . . . . .June 25, 1883

287,513 Dynamo Electric Machine. . . . . . . .June 25, 1883

287,514 Dynamo Electric Machine. . . . . . . .June 25, 1883

287,515 System of Electrical Distribution. . .June 25, 1883

297,582 Dynamo Electric Machine. . . . . . . .June 25, 1883

328,572 Commutator for Dynamo Electric Machines June 25, 1883

430,934 Electric Lighting System . . . . . . .June 25, 1883

438,301 System of Electric Lighting. . . . . .June 25, 1883

297,583 Dynamo Electric Machines . . . . . . .July 27, 1883

304,083 Dynamo Electric Machines . . . . . . .July 27; 1883

304,084 Device for Protecting Electric Light

Systems from Lightning . . . . . . . .July 27, 1883

438,302 Commutator for Dynamo Electric

Machine. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .July 27, 1883

476,529 System of Electrical Distribution. . .July 27, 1883

297,584 Dynamo Electric Machine. . . . . . . . Aug. 8, 1883

307,030 Electrical Meter . . . . . . . . . . . Aug. 8, 1883

297,585 Incandescing Conductor for Electric

Lamps. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Sept. 14, 1883

297,586 Electrical Conductor . . . . . . . . Sept. 14, 1883

435,688 Process and Apparatus for Generating

Electricity. . . . . . . . . . . . . Sept. 14, 1883

470,922 Manufacture of Filaments for

Incandescent Lamps . . . . . . . . . Sept. 14, 1883

490,953 Generating Electricity . . . . . . . . Oct. 9, 1883

293,432 Electrical Generator or Motor. . . . .Oct. 17, 1883

307,031 Electrical Indicator . . . . . . . . . Nov. 2, 1883

337,254 Telephone--Edison and Bergmann . . . .Nov. 10, 1883

297,587 Dynamo Electric Machine. . . . . . . .Nov. 16, 1883

298,954 Dynamo Electric Machine. . . . . . . .Nov. 15, 1883

298,955 Dynamo Electric Machine. . . . . . . .Nov. 15, 1883

304,085 System of Electrical Distribution. . .Nov. 15, 1883

509,517 System of Electrical Distribution. . .Nov. 15, 1883

425,761 Incandescent Lamp. . . . . . . . . . .Nov. 20, 1883

304,086 Incandescent Electric Lamp . . . . . .Dec. 15, 1883

1884

298,956 Operating Dynamo Electric Machine. . . Jan. 5, 1884

304,087 Electrical Conductor . . . . . . . . .Jan. 12, 1884

395,963 Incandescent Lamp Filament . . . . . .Jan. 22, 1884

526,147 Plating One Material with Another. . .Jan. 22, 1884

339,279 System of Electrical Distribution. . . Feb. 8, 1884

314,115 Chemical Stock Quotation Telegraph--

Edison and Kenny . . . . . . . . . . . Feb. 9, 1884

436,968 Method and Apparatus for Drawing

Wire . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . June 2, 1884

436,969 Apparatus for Drawing Wire . . . . . . June 2, 1884

438,303 Arc Lamp . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . June 2, 1884

343,017 System of Electrical Distribution. . .June 27, 1884

391,595 System of Electric Lighting. . . . . .July 16, 1884

328,573 System of Electric Lighting. . . . . Sept. 12, 1884

328,574 System of Electric Lighting. . . . . Sept. 12, 1884

328,575 System of Electric Lighting. . . . . Sept. 12, 1884

391,596 Incandescent Electric Lamp . . . . . Sept. 24, 1884

438,304 Electric Signalling Apparatus. . . . Sept. 24, 1884

422,577 Apparatus for Speaking Telephones--

Edison and Gilliland . . . . . . . . .Oct. 21, 1884

329,030 Telephone. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Dec. 3, 1884

422,578 Telephone Repeater . . . . . . . . . . Dec. 9, 1884

422,579 Telephone Repeater . . . . . . . . . . Dec. 9, 1884

340,707 Telephonic Repeater. . . . . . . . . . Dec. 9, 1884

340,708 Electrical Signalling Apparatus. . . .Dec. 19, 1884

347,097 Electrical Signalling Apparatus. . . .Dec. 19, 1884

478,743 Telephone Repeater . . . . . . . . . .Dec. 31, 1884

1885

340,709 Telephone Circuit--Edison and

Gilliland. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Jan. 2, 1885

378,044 Telephone Transmitter. . . . . . . . . Jan. 9, 1885

348,114 Electrode for Telephone Transmitters .Jan. 12, 1885

438,305 Fuse Block . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Jan. 14, 1885

350,234 System of Railway Signalling--Edison

and Gilliland. . . . . . . . . . . . .March 27,1885

486,634 System of Railway Signalling--Edison

and Gilliland. . . . . . . . . . . . .March 27,1885

333,289 Telegraphy . . . . . . . . . . . . . April 27, 1885

333,290 Duplex Telegraphy. . . . . . . . . . April 30, 1885

333,291 Way Station Quadruplex Telegraph . . . .May 6, 1885

465,971 Means for Transmitting Signals Electrically May 14, 1885

422 072 Telegraphy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Oct. 7, 1885

437 422 Telegraphy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Oct. 7, 1885

422,073 Telegraphy . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nov. I 2, 1885

422,074 Telegraphy . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Nov. 24, 1885

435,689 Telegraphy . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Nov. 30, 1885

438,306 Telephone - Edison and Gilliland . . .Dec. 22, 1885

350,235 Railway Telegraphy--Edison and

Gilliland. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Dec. 28, 1885

1886

406,567 Telephone. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Jan. 28, 1886

474,232 Speaking Telegraph . . . . . . . . . .Feb. 17, 1886

370 132 Telegraphy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . May 11, 1886

411,018 Manufacture of Incandescent Lamps. . .July 15, 1886

438,307 Manufacture of Incandescent Electric

Lamps. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . July I 5, 1886

448,779 Telegraph. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .July IS, 1886

411,019 Manufacture of Incandescent Electric

Lamps. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .July 20, 1886

406,130 Manufacture of Incandescent Electric

Lamps. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Aug. 6, 1886

351,856 Incandescent Electric Lamp . . . . . Sept. 30, 1886

454,262 Incandescent Lamp Filaments. . . . . .Oct. 26, 1886

466,400 Cut-Out for Incandescent Lamps--Edison

and J. F. Ott. . . . . . . . . . . . .Oct. 26, 1886

484,184 Manufacture of Carbon Filaments. . . .Oct. 26, 1886

490,954 Manufacture of Carbon Filaments for

Electric Lamps . . . . . . . . . . . . Nov. 2, 1886

438,308 System of Electrical Distribution. . . Nov. 9, 1886

524,378 System of Electrical Distribution. . . Nov. 9, 1886

365,978 System of Electrical Distribution. . .Nov. 22, 1886

369 439 System of Electrical Distribution. . .Nov. 22, 1886

384 830 Railway Signalling--Edison and Gilliland Nov. 24, 1886

379,944 Commutator for Dynamo Electric MachinesNov. 26, 1886

411,020 Manufacture of Carbon Filaments. . . .Nov. 26, 1886

485,616 Manufacture of Carbon Filaments. . . . .Dec 6, 1886

485,615 Manufacture of Carbon Filaments. . . . .Dec 6, 1886

525,007 Manufacture of Carbon Filaments. . . . Dec. 6, 1886

369,441 System of Electrical Distribution. . .Dec. 10, 1886

369,442 System of Electrical Distribution. . .Dec. 16, 1886

369,443 System of Electrical Distribution. . .Dec. 16, 1886

484,185 Manufacture of Carbon Filaments. . . .Dec. 20, 1886

534,207 Manufacture of Carbon Filaments. . . .Dec. 20, 1886

373,584 Dynamo Electric Machine. . . . . . . .Dec. 21, 1886

1887

468,949 Converter System for Electric

Railways . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Feb. 7, 1887

380,100 Pyromagnetic Motor . . . . . . . . . . May 24, 1887

476,983 Pyromagnetic Generator . . . . . . . . .May 24 1887

476,530 Incandescent Electric Lamp . . . . . . June 1, 1887

377,518 Magnetic Separator . . . . . . . . . .June 30, 1887

470,923 Railway Signalling . . . . . . . . . . Aug. 9, 1887

545,405 System of Electrical Distribution. . .Aug. 26, 1887

380,101 System of Electrical Distribution. . .Sept. 13 1887

380,102 System of Electrical Distribution. . .Sept. 14 1887

470,924 Electric Conductor . . . . . . . . . Sept. 26, 1887

563,462 Method of and Apparatus for Drawing

Wire . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Oct. 17, 1887

385,173 System of Electrical Distribution. . . Nov. 5, 1887

506,215 Making Plate Glass . . . . . . . . . . Nov. 9, 1887

382,414 Burnishing Attachments for PhonographsNov. 22, 1887

386,974 Phonograph . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Nov. 22, 1887

430,570 Phonogram Blank. . . . . . . . . . . .Nov. 22, 1887

382,416 Feed and Return Mechanism for PhonographsNov. 29, 1887

382,415 System of Electrical Distribution. . . Dec. 4, 1887

382,462 Phonogram Blanks . . . . . . . . . . . Dec. 5, 1887

1888

484,582 Duplicating Phonograms . . . . . . . .Jan. 17, 1888

434,586 Electric Generator . . . . . . . . . .Jan. 21, 1888

434,587 Thermo Electric Battery. . . . . . . .Jan. 21, 1888

382,417 Making Phonogram Blanks. . . . . . . .Jan. 30, 1888

389,369 Incandescing Electric Lamp . . . . . . Feb. 2, 1888

382,418 Phonogram Blank. . . . . . . . . . . .Feb. 20, 1888

390,462 Making Carbon Filaments. . . . . . . .Feb. 20, 1888

394,105 Phonograph Recorder. . . . . . . . . .Feb. 20, 1888

394,106 Phonograph Reproducer. . . . . . . . .Feb. 20, 1888

382,419 Duplicating Phonograms . . . . . . . .March 3, 1888

425,762 Cut-Out for Incandescent Lamps . . . .March 3, 1888

396,356 Magnetic Separator . . . . . . . . . .March 19,1888

393,462 Making Phonogram Blanks. . . . . . . April 28, 1888

393,463 Machine for Making Phonogram Blanks. April 28, 1888

393,464 Machine for Making Phonogram Blanks. April 28, 1888

534,208 Induction Converter. . . . . . . . . . .May 7, 1888

476,991 Method of and Apparatus for Separating

Ores . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .May 9, 1888

400,646 Phonograph Recorder and Reproducer . . May 22, 1888

488,190 Phonograph Reproducer. . . . . . . . . May 22, 1888

488,189 Phonograph . . . . . . . . . . . . . . May 26, 1888

470,925 Manufacture of Filaments for Incandescent

Electric Lamps . . . . . . . . . . . .June 21, 1888

393,465 Preparing Phonograph Recording Surfaces June 30, 1888

400,647 Phonograph . . . . . . . . . . . . . .June 30, 1888

448,780 Device for Turning Off Phonogram Blanks June 30, 1888

393,466 Phonograph Recorder. . . . . . . . . .July 14, 1888

393,966 Recording and Reproducing Sounds . . .July 14, 1888

393,967 Recording and Reproducing Sounds . . .July 14, 1888

430,274 Phonogram Blank. . . . . . . . . . . .July 14, 1888

437,423 Phonograph . . . . . . . . . . . . . .July 14, 1888

450,740 Phonograph Recorder. . . . . . . . . .July 14, 1888

485,617 Incandescent Lamp Filament . . . . . .July 14, 1888

448,781 Turning-Off Device for Phonographs . .July 16, 1888

400,648 Phonogram Blank. . . . . . . . . . . .July 27, 1888

499,879 Phonograph . . . . . . . . . . . . . .July 27, 1888

397,705 Winding Field Magnets. . . . . . . . .Aug. 31, 1888

435,690 Making Armatures for Dynamo Electric

Machines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Aug. 31, 1888

430,275 Magnetic Separator . . . . . . . . . Sept. 12, 1888

474,591 Extracting Gold from Sulphide Ores . Sept. 12, 1888

397,280 Phonograph Recorder and Reproducer . Sept. 19, 1888

397,706 Phonograph . . . . . . . . . . . . . Sept. 29, 1888

400,649 Making Phonogram Blanks. . . . . . . Sept. 29, 1888

400,650 Making Phonogram Blanks. . . . . . . .Oct. 15, 1888

406,568 Phonograph . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Oct. 15, 1888

437,424 Phonograph . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Oct. 15, 1888

393,968 Phonograph Recorder. . . . . . . . . .Oct. 31, 1888

1889

406,569 Phonogram Blank. . . . . . . . . . . .Jan. 10, 1889

488,191 Phonogram Blank. . . . . . . . . . . .Jan. 10, 1889

430,276 Phonograph . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Jan. 12, 1889

406,570 Phonograph . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Feb. 1, 1889

406,571 Treating Phonogram Blanks. . . . . . . Feb. 1, 1889

406,572 Automatic Determining Device for